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Men’s Violence Prevention and Peace Education: Drawing on Galtung to Explore the Plurality of Violence(s), Peace(s), and Masculinities 男性暴力预防与和平教育:以加尔东为例探讨暴力、和平与男子气概的多元性
IF 2.5 2区 社会学 Q1 SOCIOLOGY Pub Date : 2023-01-17 DOI: 10.1177/1097184X221149989
William W. McInerney, David Tim Archer
This article examines a concern that some programs engaging men in the prevention of violence against women use overly homogenized conceptions of violence. In response, the authors draw on their experience teaching men's violence prevention in North America and the UK and their background in peace studies to bring Johan Galtung’s influential peace and conflict frameworks into the men’s violence prevention context. It is argued a feminist-informed Galtungian approach can support existing men’s violence prevention by 1) incorporating heterogeneous conceptions of men’s direct, cultural, and structural violences; 2) introducing conceptions of positive and negative peaces; and 3) outlining different programmatic strategies through peacekeeping, peacemaking, and peacebuilding approaches. This article outlines how Galtung’s framework can help improve men’s violence prevention by providing an accessible, contextually adaptable, and analytically useful framework to support men in understanding violence, peace, and the interdependent relationships between violences, peaces, and peace-work in addressing violence against women.
这篇文章探讨了一个令人担忧的问题,即一些让男性参与预防暴力侵害妇女的项目使用了过于同质化的暴力概念。作为回应,作者借鉴了他们在北美和英国教授男性暴力预防的经验以及他们在和平研究方面的背景,将Johan Galtung有影响力的和平与冲突框架纳入男性暴力预防背景。有人认为,基于女权主义的加尔通人方法可以通过以下方式支持现有的男性暴力预防:1)纳入男性直接、文化和结构性暴力的异质概念;2) 引入积极和平和消极和平的概念;以及3)通过维持和平、建立和平和建设和平方法概述不同的方案战略。本文概述了Galtung的框架如何通过提供一个可访问、情境适应性强、分析有用的框架来帮助改善男性的暴力预防,以支持男性理解暴力、和平以及暴力、和平与和平之间的相互依存关系,从而解决对妇女的暴力行为。
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引用次数: 0
“I’m Trying to Be There for My Kids”: A Needs Analysis of Fathers Who Experience Health Inequities in Vancouver, Canada “我在努力为我的孩子们服务”:对加拿大温哥华经历健康不平等的父亲的需求分析
IF 2.5 2区 社会学 Q1 SOCIOLOGY Pub Date : 2023-01-09 DOI: 10.1177/1097184X221149984
Francine E. Darroch, J. Oliffe, G. Gonzalez Montaner, Jessica M Webb
To better understand the needs of fathers who experience health inequities, we individually interviewed fathers, mothers, and service providers about their perspectives of supports for men in Vancouver’s Downtown Eastside, one of the most disadvantaged groups in Canada. Using a gender lens, thematic analysis of transcribed interviews with three cohorts revealed the following themes: “we need a He-way”: Fathers arguing for men-friendly services; “I had to do all the hard work”: Mothers identifying relational impacts of fathers’ barriers to services; “there is nothing out there for them”: Service providers acknowledging the lack of father-focused programs. Findings highlight the need for, and challenges to creating accessible, gender specific, father focused programs and services to best support men and families within the complex contexts of experiencing significant health inequities. This work illustrates how gender-based analyses can guide strategies for health promotion programs that will ultimately support fathers, mothers, and their families.
为了更好地了解经历健康不平等的父亲的需求,我们单独采访了父亲、母亲和服务提供者,了解他们对温哥华市中心东区男性支持的看法,温哥华市中心东区是加拿大最弱势的群体之一。使用性别视角,对三组受访者的转录采访进行主题分析,揭示了以下主题:“我们需要一种和谐的方式”:父亲们主张男性友好的服务;“我必须做所有的艰苦工作”:母亲们确定父亲获得服务的障碍对关系的影响;“他们什么都没有”:服务提供商承认缺乏以父亲为中心的项目。调查结果强调了在经历严重健康不平等的复杂背景下,制定可获得的、针对性别的、以父亲为重点的计划和服务,为男性和家庭提供最佳支持的必要性和挑战。这项工作说明了基于性别的分析如何指导最终支持父亲、母亲及其家庭的健康促进计划的战略。
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引用次数: 2
Connecting Australian Masculinities and Culture to Mental Health: Men’s Perspectives and Experiences 将澳大利亚男子气概和文化与心理健康联系起来:男性的观点和经验
IF 2.5 2区 社会学 Q1 SOCIOLOGY Pub Date : 2023-01-07 DOI: 10.1177/1097184X221149985
P. Sharp, J. Oliffe, J. Bottorff, S. Rice, N. Schulenkorf, C. Caperchione
Masculinities and culture are intertwined and have significant implications for men’s mental health. This study aimed to explore influences of Australian masculinities and culture on men’s mental health. Five focus groups were conducted with men (N = 43) living in New South Wales, Australia. Three overarching themes were identified: (1) a history of strength and self-reliance: taketh as we are, she’ll be right, (2) social and geographical divides: surrounded by men but never actually connecting, and (3) male socialisation and generational dissidence: not getting the wisdom from the men that have gone before me. Participants’ perspectives and experiences offer a reference point and lens for understanding challenges and enhancing efforts to promote Australian men’s mental health. Gender transformative program strategies are proposed to promote men’s mental health and help-seeking.
男子气概和文化是交织在一起的,对男性的心理健康有重大影响。本研究旨在探讨澳大利亚男性气质和文化对男性心理健康的影响。五个焦点小组(N = 43)生活在澳大利亚新南威尔士州。书中确定了三个主要主题:(1)一段力量和自立的历史:以我们的现状来看,她是对的;(2)社会和地理上的分歧:被男性包围,但从未真正联系过;(3)男性社会化和代际分歧:没有从我的前辈那里获得智慧。参与者的观点和经验为理解挑战和加强促进澳大利亚男子心理健康的努力提供了参考点和视角。提出了促进男性心理健康和寻求帮助的性别变革方案策略。
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引用次数: 2
Pathways and Patterns for Communication with Intimate Partners: Men’s Retrospectives After a Relationship Breakdown 与亲密伴侣沟通的途径和模式:男性在关系破裂后的回顾
IF 2.5 2区 社会学 Q1 SOCIOLOGY Pub Date : 2023-01-05 DOI: 10.1177/1097184X221149988
J. Oliffe, M. Kelly, G. Gonzalez Montaner, Z. Seidler, J. Ogrodniczuk, D. Kealy, S. Rice
Effective communication is key to the quality of men’s intimate partner relationships. The current study examines men’s pathways and patterns for communication with intimate partners. Based on interviews with 47 Canadian and Australian participants (26–70-years-old; M = 40.87, SD = 10.59) who had experienced a relationship breakdown[s], three themes were derived: (a) Breaking through after breaking up, (b) Detailing deficiencies, and (c) Building skills and strategies. Breaking through after breaking up mapped men’s pathways in retrospectively evaluating and addressing their communication. Men’s self-work focussed on knowing themselves to more authentically communicate with partners. Detailing deficiencies included self-censoring characterized by men’s reticence to communicate their feelings for fear of conflict and/or the relationship ending. Building skills and strategies highlighted temporal dimensions of communication wherein men idealized regular formal check-ins with partners to discuss, and when necessary adjust the relationship. Connections between masculinities and men’s communication are discussed to guide tailored relationship programs for men.
有效的沟通是男性亲密伴侣关系质量的关键。目前的研究考察了男性与亲密伴侣沟通的途径和模式。基于对47名加拿大和澳大利亚参与者(26 - 70岁;M = 40.87, SD = 10.59),得出了三个主题:(a)分手后的突破,(b)详述不足,(c)建立技能和策略。分手后的突破映射了男性回顾评估和处理沟通的途径。男性的自我工作侧重于了解自己,以便更真实地与伴侣沟通。具体的缺陷包括自我审查,其特征是男性由于害怕冲突和/或关系结束而不愿表达自己的感受。建立技巧和策略强调了沟通的时间维度,其中男性理想化地与伴侣定期进行正式的检查,以讨论,并在必要时调整关系。讨论了男子气概和男性沟通之间的联系,以指导为男性量身定制的关系计划。
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引用次数: 0
Book Reviews: Designing Parental Leave Policy: The Norway Model and the Changing Face of Fatherhood 书评:设计育儿假政策:挪威模式和父亲身份的变化
IF 2.5 2区 社会学 Q1 SOCIOLOGY Pub Date : 2022-12-29 DOI: 10.1177/1097184X221148450
Manisha Mathews
departure from the traditional breadwinner role of fatherhood to a modern evolution of involved fatherhood. Although we are yet to see such cultural change globally, parental leave has a distinctly high uptake by fathers in Norway (2). The increased participation of fathers in childcare has been attributed to a father’s quota of parental leave that was introduced in Norway, which provided a fifteen-week father-only leave entitlement (7). In Designing Parental Leave Policy, Brandth and Kvande explore the reasons underpinning its success and investigate the extent to which the father’s quota has provided a work-family balance for fathers, supported the development of father-child relationships and contributed towards a marked shift from hegemonic masculinity to caring masculinity. Brandth and Kvande primarily argue that the provision of an individual right to leave for fathers has altered the external and internal perception of fatherhood to include a caring role. The policy design of a father-only leave entitlement has generated the external societal expectation that fathers undertake care work. Additionally, many fathers who were home alone on leave had internally developed greater competency as carers and particularly acquired a need-oriented care practice where they could read their child in order to identify and meet their needs. Relying upon the data obtained from a series of interviews conducted with fathers in the 1980s before the introduction of the father’s quota, in the 1990s after its initial introduction as a 4-week entitlement and in the 2000s after being extended to a 10-week entitlement, Part 1 reveals the importance of the design of the father’s quota in increasing paternal involvement in childcare. Unlike shared parental leave which provided parents with the option to decide between themselves who could take leave in 16 or 26-week periods, fathers encountered a greater sense of entitlement to the father’s quota as the leave scheme was s
从传统的养家糊口的父亲角色到参与父亲的现代演变。尽管我们尚未在全球范围内看到这种文化变化,但挪威父亲对育儿假的接受程度明显很高(2)。父亲参与育儿的增加归因于挪威引入的父亲育儿假配额,该配额提供了15周的父亲专属休假权利(7)。Brandth和Kvande探讨了其成功背后的原因,并调查了父亲的配额在多大程度上为父亲提供了工作与家庭的平衡,支持了父子关系的发展,并促成了从霸道的男性气质到关怀的男性气质的显著转变。Brandth和Kvande主要认为,为父亲提供个人离开的权利已经改变了对父亲的外部和内部看法,包括照顾角色。仅限父亲休假权利的政策设计产生了父亲承担照顾工作的外部社会期望。此外,许多独自在家休假的父亲在内部发展了更强的照顾能力,特别是获得了以需求为导向的照顾实践,他们可以读懂自己的孩子,以识别和满足他们的需求。第一部分通过对父亲进行的一系列访谈获得的数据,这些访谈分别发生在父亲配额引入前的20世纪80年代、最初作为4周权利引入后的20世纪90年代以及延长至10周权利后的21世纪,揭示了父亲配额设计在增加父亲参与育儿方面的重要性。与共同育儿假不同的是,父母可以选择在16周或26周的时间内决定谁可以休假,而父亲则更有权利享受父亲的配额,因为休假计划是5周
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引用次数: 3
Book Review: Memories of a Gay Catholic Boyhood: Coming of Age in the Sixties 书评:《天主教同性恋少年的回忆:六十年代的成长》
IF 2.5 2区 社会学 Q1 SOCIOLOGY Pub Date : 2022-12-27 DOI: 10.1177/1097184x221148206
J. Ibson
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引用次数: 0
Hockey Dads, Party Boys, and Devoted Players? Digital Representations of Men and Masculinities amongst Norwegian and Swedish Ice Hockey Players 冰球爸爸、派对男孩和敬业的球员?挪威和瑞典冰球运动员中男性和男性的数字表现
IF 2.5 2区 社会学 Q1 SOCIOLOGY Pub Date : 2022-12-24 DOI: 10.1177/1097184X221148205
A. Tjønndal, F. Wågan, Daniel Alsarve
Men’s elite ice hockey is one of the most commercialised, popular, and patriarchal sports in the global North. With reference to the scarce corpus of ice hockey research from non-American countries, in this article we examine the online portrayals of men who play professional ice hockey in two clubs in Norway and Sweden. We pose two research questions and theoretically informed hypothetical assumptions associated with them that we evaluate with the overall aim of broadening the empirical scope of critical studies on men and masculinities in ice hockey. Using a quantitative content analysis, we compare and cross-analyse the online representations of men and masculinities by investigating the Instagram posts of 21 players from Frölunda HC and Vålerenga Hockey. The results demonstrate the importance of a situational and contextual understanding of hegemonic masculinity and broaden the scope of the “ice hockey playing man” that is often perceived as a narrow stereotype.
男子精英冰球是全球北方最商业化、最受欢迎、最受男权统治的运动之一。参考来自非美国国家的冰球研究的稀缺语料库,在这篇文章中,我们研究了在挪威和瑞典的两个俱乐部玩职业冰球的男人的在线形象。我们提出了两个研究问题和与之相关的理论假设,我们评估的总体目标是扩大对冰球中男性和男子气概的批判性研究的经验范围。使用定量内容分析,我们通过调查Frölunda HC和v勒伦加曲棍球队的21名球员的Instagram帖子,对男性和男子气概的在线表现进行了比较和交叉分析。研究结果表明,对霸道男子气概的情境和语境理解的重要性,并扩大了“冰球运动员”的范围,这通常被认为是一种狭隘的刻板印象。
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引用次数: 0
Book Review: Brown and Gay in LA: The Lives of Immigrant Sons 书评:洛杉矶的布朗和同性恋:移民儿子的生活
IF 2.5 2区 社会学 Q1 SOCIOLOGY Pub Date : 2022-12-23 DOI: 10.1177/1097184X221148207
Alexandra Eleazar
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引用次数: 0
Transamorous Misogyny: Masculinity, Heterosexuality, and Cis Men’s Sexist Desires for Trans Women 跨性别厌女症:男性气概、异性恋和顺位男性对跨性别女性的性歧视欲望
IF 2.5 2区 社会学 Q1 SOCIOLOGY Pub Date : 2022-12-22 DOI: 10.1177/1097184X221148208
B. A. Robinson
Little sociological research has examined how cis people might be accepting or not of trans people on an intimate level. To begin to fill this gap, the author analyzes over 200 online discussion board posts and threads on Reddit by cis heterosexual men who discuss their romantic and sexual desires for trans women. The author coins the concept of transamorous misogyny to capture the paradoxical process of how cis heterosexual men’s desires for trans women is in and through their contempt of all women. Specifically, the author shows how the cis heterosexual men expand ideas of sexual identity as attraction toward gender expression. However, the men expand the definition of heterosexuality in ways that construct trans women as hyper-feminine, hyper-submissive, and as not real women. The men also discursively work to reassert their cis heterosexual masculinity through discussing how trans women are better than cis women. Ultimately, transamorous misogyny works to devalue all women and allows cis heterosexual men to desire trans women in ways that help the men invest in their own cis heterosexual masculinity.
很少有社会学研究考察独联体人在亲密层面上如何接受或不接受跨性别者。为了填补这一空白,作者分析了Reddit上200多条独联体异性恋男性的在线讨论板帖子和帖子,这些帖子和帖子讨论了他们对跨性别女性的浪漫和性欲。作者提出了跨性别厌女症的概念,以捕捉独联体异性恋男性对跨性别女性的欲望是如何产生的,以及通过他们对所有女性的蔑视。具体而言,作者展示了顺式异性恋男性如何将性身份的观念扩展为对性别表达的吸引力。然而,男性扩大了异性恋的定义,将跨性别女性塑造成超女性化、超顺从的女性,而不是真正的女性。这些男性还通过讨论跨性别女性如何比独联体女性更好来重申他们的独联体异性恋男子气概。最终,跨性别厌女症会贬低所有女性的价值,并允许顺式异性恋男性渴望跨性别女性,从而帮助男性投资于自己的顺式异性男性气质。
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引用次数: 0
Race, Class, and Masculinities in a South African Primary School 南非一所小学的种族、阶级和男子气概
IF 2.5 2区 社会学 Q1 SOCIOLOGY Pub Date : 2022-12-16 DOI: 10.1177/1097184X221143135
Diloshini Govender, Deevia Bhana
Drawing on ethnographic fieldwork, this article examines how 8–9-year-old South African boys construct and negotiate heterosexual masculinities in the primary school. Situated within a racially diverse schooling context comprised of a mixed class of middle and low income Indian and Black boys, we offer insights into how race and class structures intersect with masculinities to create hierarchies of power as boys navigate the pressures of compulsory heterosexuality. Boys’ investment in the male provider role and in aspiring to material shows of wealth—such as wearing expensive clothing—as key ways to engender heterosexual relationships, was also nuanced by race and class. While such practices defined boys’ masculinities, failure to conform to normative masculine behaviour subjected them to homophobic teasing thus pointing to the regulatory mechanisms through which heterosexual masculinity was policed. The study contributes to the growing field of young masculinities in South Africa as we consider its local manifestations and gendered performances.
本文以民族志田野调查为基础,研究了8至9岁的南非男孩如何在小学中构建和协商异性恋男性气质。在一个由中低收入印度男孩和黑人男孩组成的种族多元化的学校环境中,我们深入了解了种族和阶级结构如何与男性气质交叉,以在男孩应对强制性异性恋的压力时创造权力等级制度。男孩对男性提供者角色的投资,以及对物质财富展示的渴望——比如穿昂贵的衣服——作为建立异性恋关系的关键方式,也因种族和阶级而异。虽然这种做法定义了男孩的男子气概,但如果不遵守规范的男性行为,他们就会受到恐同的嘲笑,从而表明异性恋男子气概是通过监管机制来监管的。这项研究有助于南非年轻男子气概领域的发展,因为我们考虑到其当地表现和性别表现。
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引用次数: 1
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Men and Masculinities
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