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Exploring Individual Antecedents of Performance Error: False Starts in Collegiate Football 探究表现失误的个体前因:大学橄榄球中的错误开局
IF 2.2 4区 心理学 Q2 PSYCHOLOGY, APPLIED Pub Date : 2021-05-27 DOI: 10.1080/08959285.2021.1925674
Joseph Patrick Graczyk, E. Dierdorff, R. S. Rubin, G. Lemmon
ABSTRACT We explored antecedents of performance errors, where such errors are defined as unintended deviations from specified standards. The context of our examination was collegiate football, with participants that were position players on the offensive line. Performance errors were operationalized as false starts. Using data from archival sources and primary data collection, we explored the potential effects of several individual attributes that have been previously theorized as antecedents of performance errors. These attributes included perceptual-cognitive skill, general mental ability, personality traits, self-regulatory foci, and regulation of emotion. Significant effects were revealed across the various individual attributes leading to incidents of performance error. Implications for future research and practice on performance errors are discussed.
摘要:我们探讨了性能误差的前因,其中此类误差被定义为与特定标准的意外偏差。我们考试的背景是大学橄榄球,参与者都是进攻线上的位置球员。性能错误被视为错误启动。使用来自档案来源和主要数据收集的数据,我们探索了几个先前被理论化为性能错误前因的个人属性的潜在影响。这些属性包括感知认知技能、一般心理能力、人格特征、自我调节焦点和情绪调节。在导致性能错误事件的各种个人属性中都显示出显著的影响。讨论了对未来绩效失误研究和实践的启示。
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引用次数: 1
Abusive Supervision and Career Adaptability: The Role of Self-Efficacy and Coworker Support 滥用监督与职业适应性:自我效能和同事支持的作用
IF 2.2 4区 心理学 Q2 PSYCHOLOGY, APPLIED Pub Date : 2021-05-25 DOI: 10.1080/08959285.2021.1928134
Muhammad Imran Rasheed, Q. Weng, W. Umrani, M. Moin
ABSTRACT Recent literature on abusive supervision has suggested its negative impact on a number of work outcomes. However, we still have little knowledge about the impact of destructive leadership on employee career outcomes. Drawing on social cognitive theory (SCT), we propose that abusive supervision challenges employee career adaptability by damaging career self-efficacy beliefs in the workplace. Three-wave data collected from 287 employees working in different organizations situated in China has shown that abusive supervision is negatively related to employee career adaptability through career self-efficacy. Moreover, coworker support was found to buffer the association between abusive supervision and career adaptability such that the relationships are weaker at higher levels of coworker support. Implications for researchers and practitioners and research directions for the future are discussed.
最近关于滥用监管的文献表明,它对许多工作成果产生了负面影响。然而,我们对破坏性领导对员工职业发展结果的影响仍然知之甚少。利用社会认知理论(SCT),我们提出辱骂性监督通过破坏工作场所的职业自我效能信念来挑战员工的职业适应能力。对287名在中国不同组织工作的员工进行的三波数据分析表明,虐待性监督通过职业自我效能感与员工的职业适应性呈负相关。此外,同事支持对虐待监督与职业适应之间的关系有缓冲作用,在较高的同事支持水平上,这种关系较弱。讨论了对研究人员和实践者的启示以及未来的研究方向。
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引用次数: 13
Team Psychological Needs and Radical versus Incremental Creativity of Work Teams 团队心理需求与团队创造性的激进与增量
IF 2.2 4区 心理学 Q2 PSYCHOLOGY, APPLIED Pub Date : 2021-04-05 DOI: 10.1080/08959285.2021.1902330
S. Sung, Jin Nam Choi
ABSTRACT This study distinguishes between radical and incremental creativity at the team level. In addition, group composition in terms of members’ psychological needs is identified as a distinct driver of radical and incremental team creativity. Statistical analysis based on multisource data of 65 work teams shows that (a) team-level need for achievement has a negative main effect on radical team creativity, which disappears in teams with optimistic leaders; (b) team-level need for affiliation has a negative main effect on incremental team creativity, which becomes positive when teams possess high social competence; and (c) team-level need for power is positively related to radical and incremental team creativity. Our analysis demonstrates the multifaceted nature of team creativity and the distinct implications of team-level psychological needs for team creativity.
摘要本研究区分了团队层面的激进创造力和增量创造力。此外,从成员心理需求的角度来看,团队构成被认为是激进和渐进团队创造力的独特驱动因素。基于65个工作团队的多源数据的统计分析表明:(a)团队层面的成就需求对激进团队创造力有负向的主效应,而在领导者乐观的团队中,这种负向主效应消失;(b) 团队层面的隶属关系需求对团队创造力的增量有负向的主效应,当团队具有较高的社会能力时,团队创造力就变为正向;(c)团队层面的权力需求与激进和渐进的团队创造力呈正相关。我们的分析表明了团队创造力的多面性,以及团队层面的心理需求对团队创造力的独特影响。
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引用次数: 2
Being Treated as an Instrument: Consequences of Instrumental Treatment and Self-Objectification on Task Engagement and Performance 被当作工具对待:工具对待和自我客观化对任务参与和绩效的影响
IF 2.2 4区 心理学 Q2 PSYCHOLOGY, APPLIED Pub Date : 2021-03-15 DOI: 10.1080/08959285.2021.1878182
C. Baldissarri, L. Andrighetto
ABSTRACT Workers’ instrumental treatment is commonly seen as a strategic way to reach organizational goals. Drawing on relevant recent literature, this paper sought to show experimentally that instrumental treatment is instead associated with negative outcomes for the individual and the organization. We sought to demonstrate that treating people as instruments would lead them to self-objectify – to self-perceive as objects rather than human beings – which would result in them being less engaged in a given task, thus undermining their performance. Study 1 was designed to provide a first test of our hypotheses by manipulating the instrumental (vs. non-instrumental) treatment enacted by an experimenter toward naïve participants (N = 85) during the performance of a cognitive task. Study 2 consisted in a simulated online work activity in which participants (N = 147) were asked to play the role of a proofreader for a fictitious newspaper, while being treated in an instrumental (vs. non-instrumental) way by the editorial staff. The results provided convergent evidence about the hypothesized process: being instrumentally (vs. non-instrumentally) treated leads people to self-objectify (i.e., to self-perceive as more instrument-like than human) and, in turn, their engagement with the task and performance are undermined. Implications for organizational and social psychology research are discussed.
摘要员工工具化待遇通常被视为实现组织目标的一种战略方式。根据最近的相关文献,本文试图通过实验表明,工具治疗反而与个人和组织的负面结果有关。我们试图证明,将人视为工具会导致他们自我客体化——将自己感知为物体而不是人——这会导致他们较少参与特定任务,从而削弱他们的表现。研究1旨在通过操纵实验者在执行认知任务期间对天真参与者(N=85)实施的工具(与非工具)治疗,对我们的假设进行第一次测试。研究2包括一项模拟的在线工作活动,参与者(N=147)被要求扮演一份虚构报纸的校对员的角色,而编辑人员则以工具(与非工具)的方式对待他们。这些结果为假设的过程提供了趋同的证据:被工具化(与非工具化)治疗会导致人们自我客体化(即自我感知为比人类更像工具),反过来,他们对任务的参与和表现也会受到损害。讨论了对组织和社会心理学研究的启示。
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引用次数: 15
Empowerment as a Pivotal Deterrent to Employee Silence: Evidence from the UAE Hotel Sector 授权是阻止员工沉默的关键因素:来自阿联酋酒店业的证据
IF 2.2 4区 心理学 Q2 PSYCHOLOGY, APPLIED Pub Date : 2021-03-01 DOI: 10.1080/08959285.2021.1890079
Shaker Bani-Melhem, R. Zeffane, Rawan Abukhait, F. Shamsudin
ABSTRACT Based on time-lagged data focusing on frontline employees (N=285) operating in five-star hotels in the United Arab Emirates (UAE), we examined the individual and combined effects of empowerment, job satisfaction, and perceived organizational support on employee silence. Using structural equation modeling for data analysis, we explored a hypothetical model. The results indicated that empowerment had a significant negative impact on employee silence while job satisfaction and perceived organizational support had no significant direct impact. However, these latter two variables had an impact when feelings of empowerment were also present. The result suggests indicates that empowerment plays a central (pivotal) role in silence behavior. The implications of these findings for both management practice and future research are discussed.
摘要基于阿拉伯联合酋长国五星级酒店一线员工(N=285)的时滞数据,我们研究了授权、工作满意度和感知组织支持对员工沉默的个体和综合影响。使用结构方程模型进行数据分析,我们探索了一个假设模型。研究结果表明,授权对员工沉默有显著的负面影响,而工作满意度和感知的组织支持没有显著的直接影响。然而,当赋权感也存在时,后两个变量会产生影响。研究结果表明,赋权在沉默行为中起着核心(关键)作用。讨论了这些发现对管理实践和未来研究的影响。
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引用次数: 8
The Impact of Group Diversity and Structure on Individual Negative Workplace Gossip 群体多样性和结构对个人消极职场八卦的影响
IF 2.2 4区 心理学 Q2 PSYCHOLOGY, APPLIED Pub Date : 2020-12-28 DOI: 10.1080/08959285.2020.1867144
Andrea Kim, Jiseon Shin, Youngsang Kim, Jinhee Moon
ABSTRACT This study examines how group diversity affects individual group members’ negative gossip about their colleagues and how this linkage is altered by group structure. We hypothesize that group diversity in terms of organizational tenure reduces individual negative gossip about coworkers, and that the diversity–gossip linkage is moderated by a self-managing structure. With a multi-source dataset collected from 312 nurses employed in 39 nursing groups at four healthcare organizations, our random coefficient modeling analysis revealed that employees in groups with high tenure diversity are less likely to negatively gossip about their coworkers when the group has a greater self-managing structure. This study provides theoretical implications pertaining to the contextual influences on workplace gossip. Our findings offer practical implications regarding the management of employee gossip at work.
摘要本研究考察了群体多样性如何影响个体群体成员对同事的负面八卦,以及这种联系是如何被群体结构改变的。我们假设,在组织任期方面的群体多样性减少了个人对同事的负面八卦,而多样性与八卦的联系是由自我管理结构调节的。通过从四家医疗保健组织39个护理小组的312名护士中收集的多源数据集,我们的随机系数建模分析显示,当团队拥有更大的自我管理结构时,任期多样性高的团队中的员工不太可能对同事说负面的闲话。这项研究提供了与语境对职场八卦影响相关的理论启示。我们的研究结果为员工工作八卦的管理提供了实际启示。
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引用次数: 9
Knowledge Sharing and Creative Behavior: The Interaction Effects of Knowledge Sharing and Regulatory Focus on Creative Behavior 知识共享与创新行为:知识共享与监管焦点对创新行为的交互作用
IF 2.2 4区 心理学 Q2 PSYCHOLOGY, APPLIED Pub Date : 2020-12-15 DOI: 10.1080/08959285.2020.1852240
Seckyoung Loretta Kim, Minyoung Cheong, A. Srivastava, Yongsu Yoo, Seokhwa Yun
ABSTRACT Applying on a componential model of creativity, this study intends to integrate creativity and knowledge sharing literatures by empirically examining the relationship between knowledge sharing from different sources (i.e., supervisor and coworkers) and the focal employees’ creative behavior. Taking an interactionist perspective, the study aims to investigate the interaction effects of knowledge sharing from supervisor and coworkers on the employees’ creative behavior. Furthermore, this study investigates how employees’ regulatory focus alters the aforementioned relationship. Our results show the positive influence of knowledge sharing from supervisor and coworker on employees’ creative behavior. Also, our results support that the positive relationship between coworker knowledge sharing and employees’ creative behavior could vary depending on the degree of supervisor knowledge sharing and the regulatory focus of the employees.
摘要本研究运用创造力的组成模型,通过实证检验不同来源(即主管和同事)的知识共享与焦点员工的创造性行为之间的关系,将创造力和知识共享文献整合在一起。从互动主义的角度,本研究旨在探讨主管和同事的知识共享对员工创造性行为的互动效应。此外,本研究还调查了员工的监管重点如何改变上述关系。我们的研究结果表明,主管和同事的知识共享对员工的创造性行为有积极影响。此外,我们的研究结果支持,同事知识共享与员工创造性行为之间的正相关关系可能因主管知识共享的程度和员工的监管重点而异。
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引用次数: 16
Development of a Theoretical Framework and a Measure of General Organizational Means-Efficacy 组织一般手段效能的理论框架与测度
IF 2.2 4区 心理学 Q2 PSYCHOLOGY, APPLIED Pub Date : 2020-11-07 DOI: 10.1080/08959285.2020.1821378
Mark D. Agars, J. Kottke
ABSTRACT Means-efficacy was introduced by Eden as one’s perception of available organizational resources, a form of external efficacy which, together with internal (i.e., self) efficacy comprises a larger subjective efficacy construct. We further develop means-efficacy, elucidate its place in motivational theory, and present three studies to construct and validate the General Organizational Means-Efficacy Scale (GMES), the first such measure to date. Results support a general means-efficacy construct and provide convincing psychometric support for the GMES. We argue motivation theory will be advanced by adopting a general form of means-efficacy, and that the GMES provides a useful tool for future validation and other studies.
Eden引入了“抽象意味着效能”作为一个人对可用组织资源的感知,这是一种外部效能的形式,与内部(即自我)效能一起构成了一个更大的主观效能结构。我们进一步发展了手段效能,阐明了它在动机理论中的地位,并提出了三项研究来构建和验证通用组织手段效能量表(GMES),这是迄今为止第一个这样的衡量标准。结果支持了一个通用的平均有效性结构,并为GMES提供了令人信服的心理测量支持。我们认为,动机理论将通过采用手段效能的一般形式来推进,并且GMES为未来的验证和其他研究提供了有用的工具。
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引用次数: 2
Emotion-Performance Relationships in the Acquisition and Adaptation of a Complex Skill: Are Relationships Dynamic and Dependent on Activation Potential? 复杂技能习得和适应中的情绪-表现关系:关系是动态的,取决于激活潜力吗?
IF 2.2 4区 心理学 Q2 PSYCHOLOGY, APPLIED Pub Date : 2020-10-04 DOI: 10.1080/08959285.2020.1823985
Ashley G. Jorgensen, E. Day, Jonathan T. Huck, Joseph Westlin, Kelsey A. Richels, Christopher Nguyen
ABSTRACT Although the importance of emotions to self-regulation has been noted in the extant literature, little empirical research has examined how fluctuations across a range of emotions are related to performance. Accordingly, this laboratory study of 214 undergraduates (58% male) learning a complex videogame examined the dynamics of within-person emotion–performance relationships during skill acquisition and adaptation. We observed the direction of relationships was consistent with the valence of emotions at both the within- and between-person levels. In addition, we observed dynamic relationships and an interplay between valence and activation potential. Dynamic relationships were observed for negative but not positive emotions. Activation potential made a difference for positive but not negative emotions. Implications for emotion control strategies in complex task learning are discussed.
尽管在现有文献中已经注意到情绪对自我调节的重要性,但很少有实证研究考察了一系列情绪波动与表现之间的关系。因此,这项对214名学习复杂电子游戏的大学生(58%为男性)的实验室研究考察了在技能习得和适应过程中个人情感-表现关系的动态。我们观察到,人际关系的发展方向与情感的效价在人与人之间和人与人之间都是一致的。此外,我们观察到价电位和激活电位之间的动态关系和相互作用。消极情绪和积极情绪之间存在动态关系。激活电位对积极情绪有影响,但对消极情绪没有影响。讨论了复杂任务学习中情绪控制策略的意义。
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引用次数: 2
How Enhancing Employee Well-Being Can Encourage Voice Behavior: A Desire Fulfillment Perspective 提高员工幸福感如何促进建言:一个愿望实现的视角
IF 2.2 4区 心理学 Q2 PSYCHOLOGY, APPLIED Pub Date : 2020-09-02 DOI: 10.1080/08959285.2020.1811708
Jinyun Duan, Xiaotian Wang, Chad T. Brinsfield, Susu Liu
ABSTRACT Drawing on desire fulfillment theory, we develop and test a model of employee well-being and voice behavior. Our findings indicate that psychological meaningfulness and perceptions of social worth are positively related to employee well-being. Moreover, these relationships are stronger when psychological safety is higher. Our findings also indicate that when employee well-being is higher there is an increased likelihood that employees will express voice. Moreover, this relationship is stronger when employee perspective taking is higher. Lastly, moderated-mediation analyses indicate that well-being mediates the relationships between psychological meaningfulness and voice, and between social worth and voice, and these effects are stronger when psychological safety and perspective taking are both higher. Implications for theory and practice are discussed.
摘要基于愿望实现理论,我们构建了一个员工幸福感与建言的模型并进行了检验。研究结果表明,心理意义感和社会价值感与员工幸福感呈正相关。此外,当心理安全感越高时,这些关系就越强。我们的研究结果还表明,当员工的幸福感越高时,他们表达意见的可能性就越大。而且,员工的观点接受度越高,这种关系越强。最后,有调节的中介分析表明,幸福感在心理意义与发声、社会价值与发声之间起中介作用,当心理安全感和观点接受度都较高时,这些作用更强。讨论了理论和实践意义。
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引用次数: 12
期刊
Human Performance
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