Pub Date : 2023-08-09DOI: 10.1177/0261927x231191787
Zane A. Dayton, Marko Dragojevic
We examined whether source accent moderates jargon's effects on listeners’ processing fluency and receptivity to science communication. Americans heard a speaker describing science using either jargon or non-jargon and speaking with either a native (standard American) or foreign (Hispanic) accent. Compared to non-jargon, jargon disrupted listeners’ fluency for both speakers, but especially the foreign-accented speaker; jargon also reduced information-seeking intentions and perceived source and message credibility, but only for the foreign-accented speaker. Fluency mediated the effects of jargon on outcomes.
{"title":"Effects of Jargon and Source Accent on Receptivity to Science Communication","authors":"Zane A. Dayton, Marko Dragojevic","doi":"10.1177/0261927x231191787","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0261927x231191787","url":null,"abstract":"We examined whether source accent moderates jargon's effects on listeners’ processing fluency and receptivity to science communication. Americans heard a speaker describing science using either jargon or non-jargon and speaking with either a native (standard American) or foreign (Hispanic) accent. Compared to non-jargon, jargon disrupted listeners’ fluency for both speakers, but especially the foreign-accented speaker; jargon also reduced information-seeking intentions and perceived source and message credibility, but only for the foreign-accented speaker. Fluency mediated the effects of jargon on outcomes.","PeriodicalId":47861,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Language and Social Psychology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2023-08-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44971982","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-09DOI: 10.1177/0261927X231185525
Bogdana Humă, Jack B. Joyce, Geoffrey Raymond
In this introductory article to the special issue on Resistance in Talk-in-Interaction, we review the vast body of research that has respecified resistance by investigating it as and when it occurs in real-life encounters. Using methodological approaches such as ethnomethodology, conversation analysis, and discursive psychology, studies of resistance “in the wild” treat social interaction as a sequentially organized, joint enterprise. As a result, resistance emerges as the alternative to cooperation and therefore, on each occasion, resistant actions are designed to deal with the sequential and moral accountabilities that arise from the specifics of the situation. By documenting the wide array of linguistic, prosodic, sequential, and embodied resources that individuals use to resist the requirements set by interlocutors’ prior turns, this article provides the first comprehensive overview of existing research on resistance as an interactional accomplishment.
{"title":"What Does “Resistance” Actually Look Like? The Respecification of Resistance as an Interactional Accomplishment","authors":"Bogdana Humă, Jack B. Joyce, Geoffrey Raymond","doi":"10.1177/0261927X231185525","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0261927X231185525","url":null,"abstract":"In this introductory article to the special issue on Resistance in Talk-in-Interaction, we review the vast body of research that has respecified resistance by investigating it as and when it occurs in real-life encounters. Using methodological approaches such as ethnomethodology, conversation analysis, and discursive psychology, studies of resistance “in the wild” treat social interaction as a sequentially organized, joint enterprise. As a result, resistance emerges as the alternative to cooperation and therefore, on each occasion, resistant actions are designed to deal with the sequential and moral accountabilities that arise from the specifics of the situation. By documenting the wide array of linguistic, prosodic, sequential, and embodied resources that individuals use to resist the requirements set by interlocutors’ prior turns, this article provides the first comprehensive overview of existing research on resistance as an interactional accomplishment.","PeriodicalId":47861,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Language and Social Psychology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2023-08-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41471513","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-09DOI: 10.1177/0261927x231190861
Lin Shen
Can a set of Linguistic Inquiry and Word Count (LIWC) indicators differentiate between the UN speeches from higher-income and lower-income countries? Based on 34 years of 6,095 speeches (14,300,539 words) and dynamic income grouping, an elastic net analysis selects 18 such categories. The hypothetical explanations are discussed with four theoretical perspectives: gender-neutral language, politeness, scarcity mindset, and expectation states theory. The findings on cross-group LIWC variation provide UN-setting linguistic evidence for the theories and insights into the language of global income inequality between countries.
{"title":"LIWC Indicators of Cross-Country Income Inequality at the United Nations General Debate (1987-2020): An Elastic Net Analysis","authors":"Lin Shen","doi":"10.1177/0261927x231190861","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0261927x231190861","url":null,"abstract":"Can a set of Linguistic Inquiry and Word Count (LIWC) indicators differentiate between the UN speeches from higher-income and lower-income countries? Based on 34 years of 6,095 speeches (14,300,539 words) and dynamic income grouping, an elastic net analysis selects 18 such categories. The hypothetical explanations are discussed with four theoretical perspectives: gender-neutral language, politeness, scarcity mindset, and expectation states theory. The findings on cross-group LIWC variation provide UN-setting linguistic evidence for the theories and insights into the language of global income inequality between countries.","PeriodicalId":47861,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Language and Social Psychology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2023-08-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42306092","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-01DOI: 10.1177/0261927X231185751
Bethan Benwell, Catrin S. Rhys
This paper examines how callers to an NHS complaints helpline get to “tell their story.” As project-based institutional calls, the closure of a complaints call is observably organized around “mutually ratified project completion.” Our analysis reveals the practices that callers deploy to resist call handlers' (CH) progress through the institutional phase structure of the call, thus also resisting ratification of their project as complete. We show how these practices are varyingly oriented to (re-)telling elements of the complaint or pursuing legitimation of their complaint and/or identity as “reasonable.” Callers’ resistance to institutional progressivity is oriented to misalignment in the prior uptake of their complaint narrative, revealing the relationship between projects and “identities” in the context of helpline interactions and the tension between the separate projects of caller and CH.
{"title":"Phase Structure and Resistance to Progressivity in Complaints Calls to the NHS","authors":"Bethan Benwell, Catrin S. Rhys","doi":"10.1177/0261927X231185751","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0261927X231185751","url":null,"abstract":"This paper examines how callers to an NHS complaints helpline get to “tell their story.” As project-based institutional calls, the closure of a complaints call is observably organized around “mutually ratified project completion.” Our analysis reveals the practices that callers deploy to resist call handlers' (CH) progress through the institutional phase structure of the call, thus also resisting ratification of their project as complete. We show how these practices are varyingly oriented to (re-)telling elements of the complaint or pursuing legitimation of their complaint and/or identity as “reasonable.” Callers’ resistance to institutional progressivity is oriented to misalignment in the prior uptake of their complaint narrative, revealing the relationship between projects and “identities” in the context of helpline interactions and the tension between the separate projects of caller and CH.","PeriodicalId":47861,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Language and Social Psychology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2023-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45251547","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-24DOI: 10.1177/0261927X231185520
Bogdana Humă, E. Stokoe
In “cold” sales calls, the salesperson's job is to turn call-takers, or “prospects,” into clients while, very often, the latter resist them. In contrast to laboratory-based research, “cold” calls provide a natural environment where the stakes are real and resistance is manifest. We collected and transcribed 159 “cold” calls the goal of which was for salespeople to secure an appointment to meet prospects. Using discursive psychology and conversation analysis, we identified two practices—“blocks” and “stalls”—through which prospects resisted salespeople's attempts to schedule a sales appointment while also moving to terminate the interaction or delay the scheduling of an eventual appointment. Our findings show that, when approached as an interactive and situated discursive accomplishment, rather than a cognitive process, the practices involved in resisting can be better identified, described, and shared in ways that transform our understanding of resistance as a social psychological phenomenon.
{"title":"Resistance in Business-to-Business “Cold” Sales Calls","authors":"Bogdana Humă, E. Stokoe","doi":"10.1177/0261927X231185520","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0261927X231185520","url":null,"abstract":"In “cold” sales calls, the salesperson's job is to turn call-takers, or “prospects,” into clients while, very often, the latter resist them. In contrast to laboratory-based research, “cold” calls provide a natural environment where the stakes are real and resistance is manifest. We collected and transcribed 159 “cold” calls the goal of which was for salespeople to secure an appointment to meet prospects. Using discursive psychology and conversation analysis, we identified two practices—“blocks” and “stalls”—through which prospects resisted salespeople's attempts to schedule a sales appointment while also moving to terminate the interaction or delay the scheduling of an eventual appointment. Our findings show that, when approached as an interactive and situated discursive accomplishment, rather than a cognitive process, the practices involved in resisting can be better identified, described, and shared in ways that transform our understanding of resistance as a social psychological phenomenon.","PeriodicalId":47861,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Language and Social Psychology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2023-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41865426","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-20DOI: 10.1177/0261927X231185750
Marion West
This study uses conversation analysis to explore advice delivery, resistance and its management in undergraduate face-to-face supervision, an under-explored setting. Its main focus is the tension between two different forms of knowledge: the supervisor's expertise and the student's experience. While the supervisor's efforts to help the student see where he has made a mistake succeed, when the student pushes back by invoking a vague authority or with his own perspectives, the supervisor backs down. An important contribution is its analysis of the teetering between advice delivery and joint orientations to preserving the student's competence, and the use of question tags and lived stories to resist rather than deliver advice. One implication is for supervisors to reflect on when persisting with advice, and when desisting with advice, is in the best interests of their students.
{"title":"Advice Resistance in Undergraduate Supervision Meetings: The Competing Relevance of Expertise and Experience","authors":"Marion West","doi":"10.1177/0261927X231185750","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0261927X231185750","url":null,"abstract":"This study uses conversation analysis to explore advice delivery, resistance and its management in undergraduate face-to-face supervision, an under-explored setting. Its main focus is the tension between two different forms of knowledge: the supervisor's expertise and the student's experience. While the supervisor's efforts to help the student see where he has made a mistake succeed, when the student pushes back by invoking a vague authority or with his own perspectives, the supervisor backs down. An important contribution is its analysis of the teetering between advice delivery and joint orientations to preserving the student's competence, and the use of question tags and lived stories to resist rather than deliver advice. One implication is for supervisors to reflect on when persisting with advice, and when desisting with advice, is in the best interests of their students.","PeriodicalId":47861,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Language and Social Psychology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2023-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48898725","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-12DOI: 10.1177/0261927X231185734
R. Sikveland, E. Stokoe
This paper explores how police negotiators offer “help” to suicidal persons in crisis. The phrase “a cry for help” is long associated with suicide ideation, and “help” is a key offer made in crisis situations. However, we know little about how “help” is formulated, and received, in crisis encounters as they actually unfold. Fourteen cases (31 h) of UK-based police crisis negotiations with (suicidal) individuals in crisis were transcribed and analyzed using conversation analysis. Our analysis shows that persons in crisis typically reject negotiators’ offers of “help.” However, when negotiators propose that (and how) matters can be “sorted out,” or refocus “help” as actions that the person in crisis can do themselves, progress is made. The paper contributes to the growing literature on the management of resistance in institutional encounters, and to our understanding of how negotiators may minimize or de-escalate resistance in crisis communication.
{"title":"A Cry for “Help”? How Crisis Negotiators Overcome Suicidal People's Resistance to Offers of Assistance","authors":"R. Sikveland, E. Stokoe","doi":"10.1177/0261927X231185734","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0261927X231185734","url":null,"abstract":"This paper explores how police negotiators offer “help” to suicidal persons in crisis. The phrase “a cry for help” is long associated with suicide ideation, and “help” is a key offer made in crisis situations. However, we know little about how “help” is formulated, and received, in crisis encounters as they actually unfold. Fourteen cases (31 h) of UK-based police crisis negotiations with (suicidal) individuals in crisis were transcribed and analyzed using conversation analysis. Our analysis shows that persons in crisis typically reject negotiators’ offers of “help.” However, when negotiators propose that (and how) matters can be “sorted out,” or refocus “help” as actions that the person in crisis can do themselves, progress is made. The paper contributes to the growing literature on the management of resistance in institutional encounters, and to our understanding of how negotiators may minimize or de-escalate resistance in crisis communication.","PeriodicalId":47861,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Language and Social Psychology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2023-07-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42996915","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-10DOI: 10.1177/0261927X231185735
C. Antaki
People resist various kinds of imposition, which can be ranged along a gradient—impositions from those heavily entitled to make them, along to those where the matter is more balanced, to where the imposed-upon person is the one who has the greater rights. The articles in this Special Issue cover the whole range, from the police officer issuing bald imperatives, through to a tutor trying to help a student with their essay. In one case the resistor is may have little room for maneuver without incurring cost; in the other, the resistor will be given more latitude. The signal characteristic of the analysis throughout is a very close attention to the actual exchange of talks between the two parties: it is there that conversation analysis reveals the intricacy with which imposition is attempted and resistance succeeds or fails.
{"title":"A Gradient of More and Less Demanding Impositions: Reflections on the Special Issue on Resistance","authors":"C. Antaki","doi":"10.1177/0261927X231185735","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0261927X231185735","url":null,"abstract":"People resist various kinds of imposition, which can be ranged along a gradient—impositions from those heavily entitled to make them, along to those where the matter is more balanced, to where the imposed-upon person is the one who has the greater rights. The articles in this Special Issue cover the whole range, from the police officer issuing bald imperatives, through to a tutor trying to help a student with their essay. In one case the resistor is may have little room for maneuver without incurring cost; in the other, the resistor will be given more latitude. The signal characteristic of the analysis throughout is a very close attention to the actual exchange of talks between the two parties: it is there that conversation analysis reveals the intricacy with which imposition is attempted and resistance succeeds or fails.","PeriodicalId":47861,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Language and Social Psychology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2023-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42508723","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-01Epub Date: 2022-12-20DOI: 10.1177/0261927X221138116
Sarah Galdiolo, Anthony Mauroy, Lesley Liliane Verhofstadt
This 5-wave longitudinal study aimed to monitor the feeling of we-ness and separateness over one year of the COVID-19 pandemic by examining partners' natural pronoun usage when reporting couple interactions. Compared to the start of the pandemic, a general decline of we-ness was found after one year. Moreover, the changes in couple we-ness were non-linear, resulting in an increase at the end of the strict lockdown, followed by a decrease. No change in couple separateness was found.
{"title":"Couples' We-Ness and Separateness During the COVID-19 Pandemic and Lockdown: A Longitudinal Perspective.","authors":"Sarah Galdiolo, Anthony Mauroy, Lesley Liliane Verhofstadt","doi":"10.1177/0261927X221138116","DOIUrl":"10.1177/0261927X221138116","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This 5-wave longitudinal study aimed to monitor the feeling of we-ness and separateness over one year of the COVID-19 pandemic by examining partners' natural pronoun usage when reporting couple interactions. Compared to the start of the pandemic, a general decline of we-ness was found after one year. Moreover, the changes in couple we-ness were non-linear, resulting in an increase at the end of the strict lockdown, followed by a decrease. No change in couple separateness was found.</p>","PeriodicalId":47861,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Language and Social Psychology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9852969/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43347894","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-22DOI: 10.1177/0261927x231175856
Berta Chulvi, M. Molpeceres, María F. Rodrigo, A. Toselli, Paolo Rosso
This study uses natural language processing (NLP) tools to analyze how politicians recreate the stereotype of immigrants in the Spanish Parliament. An interdisciplinary approach from computational linguistics and social psychology has been used to construct a variety of indices about content and linguistic styles. The analysis of 2,516 parliamentary interventions about immigration delivered between 1996 and 2016 by representatives of the two political parties that alternated in power during that period (conservative Popular Party and Spanish Socialist Party) shows that both the rhetorical strategy to present immigrants as “victims” or as a “threat” and the language style that politicians use reveal an interaction between the ideology of the party and the party's political position in government or in the opposition. Results also suggest some changes over time in the polarization and politicization of the debate about immigration.
{"title":"Politicization of Immigration and Language Use in Political Elites: A Study of Spanish Parliamentary Speeches","authors":"Berta Chulvi, M. Molpeceres, María F. Rodrigo, A. Toselli, Paolo Rosso","doi":"10.1177/0261927x231175856","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0261927x231175856","url":null,"abstract":"This study uses natural language processing (NLP) tools to analyze how politicians recreate the stereotype of immigrants in the Spanish Parliament. An interdisciplinary approach from computational linguistics and social psychology has been used to construct a variety of indices about content and linguistic styles. The analysis of 2,516 parliamentary interventions about immigration delivered between 1996 and 2016 by representatives of the two political parties that alternated in power during that period (conservative Popular Party and Spanish Socialist Party) shows that both the rhetorical strategy to present immigrants as “victims” or as a “threat” and the language style that politicians use reveal an interaction between the ideology of the party and the party's political position in government or in the opposition. Results also suggest some changes over time in the polarization and politicization of the debate about immigration.","PeriodicalId":47861,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Language and Social Psychology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2023-05-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48140324","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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