Salud Publica De Mexico最新文献

Objective: To quantify the impact of the Covid-19 pandemic on the reporting rate of notifiable diseases in Mexico between 2020-2022.

Materials and methods: Data were obtained from the Weekly Epidemiological Bulletin of the Ministry of Health of the Government of Mexico for the period 2014-2022. One hundred thirty-two endemic channels were created by calculating the weekly percentiles 25th, 50th, and 75th for the period 2014-2019. Subsequently, data recorded between 2020-2022 were compared, determining if more or fewer cases were reported than expected. Pre-pandemic data tendency was considered.

Results: The study included 132 diseases from 2014 to 2019, reporting an annual median of 49 947 420 cases. In comparison with the data reported between 2014-2019, there was a decrease in the reported cases of 39.9% in 2020, 19.7% in 2021, and 25.7% in 2022. Thirty-one diseases increased their reporting, while 101 decreased. Of the diseases that increased, seven were sexually transmitted, 13 were infectious, and five were chronic-metabolic.

Conclusions: The pandemic has significantly impacted the landscape of mandatory notifiable diseases in Mexico. The pandemic has led to modifications in the epidemiological trends of disease reporting.

Objetivo: Proponer una estimación del costo de atender las principales necesidades de salud de migrantes en tránsito por México en un año. Material y métodos. Se estimó el número de migrantes de origen centroamericano o caribeño en tránsito por México entre 2015 y 2021, así como su distribución por sexo con datos del American Community Survey, Department of Homeland Security, Customs and Border Protection de Estados Unidos y de la Secretaría de Gobernación de México. Se estimó el número de casos de las cinco necesidades de salud más frecuentes a partir de prevalencias identificadas previamente. Se aplicaron los costos de atención unitarios del Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS) a escenarios de menor y mayor gravedad del padecimiento, considerando la atención al total de casos y la demanda potencial.

Resultados: En promedio, se estimó una demanda de atención anual de 15 677 casos por infección respiratoria aguda, 5 221 por depresión, 7 107 por heridas, 3 149 por cefalea y 1 369 embarazos a lo largo del periodo, lo cual tendría un costo anual de entre 45.5 millones de pesos mexicanos (considerando sólo la demanda potencial) y 86.5 millones de pesos mexicanos (para la atención del total de casos). Conclusión. Garantizar la atención en salud entre las personas migrantes en tránsito no incrementaría sustancialmente el gasto en salud en México.

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Objective: To analyze the association between gestational weight gain in women with gestational diabetes and an increased risk of macrosomia.

Materials and methods: Cohort study with 139 pregnant women screened by a single-step oral glucose tolerance curve between 24-28 weeks of gestation were confirmed with gestational diabetes and sent to a hospital. Pre-pregnancy body mass index (BMI) was calculated from pre-pregnancy weight. Weight was measured at each prenatal consultation. The reference category was women with normal prenatal BMI who gained appropriate weight during pregnancy. At each visit, medical nutrition therapy (MNT) consisted of nutritional counseling, physical activity plan, and insulin therapy. Compliance with MNT was measured by capillary glucose measurements taken by each participant at home.

Results: 74.8% were primiparous, and 28.8% had normal pre-pregnancy BMI. The no linear logistic regression model showed women with normal pre-pregnancy BMI had twice (OR= 2.08, 95%CI: 1.07,4.05) the possibility of macrosomia, compared to mothers with overweight or obesity, adjusting for Capurro index, number of children in the family, and percent of compliance MNT. Macrosomia was the most prevalent childhood complication (12.3%).

Conclusion: Women with normal pre-pregnancy BMI who gained more weight during pregnancy were at higher risk of having macrosomic infants.