Pub Date : 2023-08-23DOI: 10.1177/00113921231190723
Jingting Zhang, Jia Chao
The decline of tragedy is one of the greatest tragedies of modernity. While many scholars exclaim that tragedy has been dead, Raymond Williams points out that it is not an eternal metaphysical event, but is plural and dynamic, a series of experiences, a tradition. Williams’ rethinking of tragedy provides a historical perspective on the cultural meanings. What matters are the traditions, emotions, and experiences of the time in which the tragedy is set, and the superimposed series of accidents and imbalances that create this type of tragic experience. That is, tragedy is not a static narrative of grief, but a textual creativity. This article will examine this argument in the context of Chinese Revolutionary Drama. The White-Haired Girl (Bai Mao Nv) is a famous tragedy born a hundred years ago in China that depicts the tragic fate of the poor. During the Communist Revolution, it was adapted by the propaganda department of the Communist Party as a tragedy of class oppression and extended to the whole country as a symbol of emotional mobilization. After 1978, the tragedy was forgotten as an outdated revolutionary legacy. However, the experience and texts of the The White-Haired Girl are still active in Chinese social networks today. This complex process is not only historical but also emotional. The aims of this article are the following: (1) to reveal the constructive relationship between creativity, revolution, and emotion; (2) to present the process of interconstruction between tragedy as context and tragedy as metaphor for revolution; and (3) to place creativity in the context of specific cultural and historical changes and observe its dynamic significance.
{"title":"Tragedy does not die: Creativity, emotions, and metaphor of revolution in the context of Chinese Revolutionary Drama","authors":"Jingting Zhang, Jia Chao","doi":"10.1177/00113921231190723","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00113921231190723","url":null,"abstract":"The decline of tragedy is one of the greatest tragedies of modernity. While many scholars exclaim that tragedy has been dead, Raymond Williams points out that it is not an eternal metaphysical event, but is plural and dynamic, a series of experiences, a tradition. Williams’ rethinking of tragedy provides a historical perspective on the cultural meanings. What matters are the traditions, emotions, and experiences of the time in which the tragedy is set, and the superimposed series of accidents and imbalances that create this type of tragic experience. That is, tragedy is not a static narrative of grief, but a textual creativity. This article will examine this argument in the context of Chinese Revolutionary Drama. The White-Haired Girl (Bai Mao Nv) is a famous tragedy born a hundred years ago in China that depicts the tragic fate of the poor. During the Communist Revolution, it was adapted by the propaganda department of the Communist Party as a tragedy of class oppression and extended to the whole country as a symbol of emotional mobilization. After 1978, the tragedy was forgotten as an outdated revolutionary legacy. However, the experience and texts of the The White-Haired Girl are still active in Chinese social networks today. This complex process is not only historical but also emotional. The aims of this article are the following: (1) to reveal the constructive relationship between creativity, revolution, and emotion; (2) to present the process of interconstruction between tragedy as context and tragedy as metaphor for revolution; and (3) to place creativity in the context of specific cultural and historical changes and observe its dynamic significance.","PeriodicalId":47938,"journal":{"name":"Current Sociology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43618716","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-22DOI: 10.1177/00113921231194092
Yinni Peng
The coronavirus disease-19 pandemic and the accompanying public health restrictions have posed significant challenges to parents with dependent children. A rich body of literature has examined the problems encountered by parents and their gendered division of labour in childcare during the pandemic. However, little attention has been paid to their interactions and collaborations with extended family for childcare. Drawing on qualitative interviews with 43 urban parents in Shenzhen, China, I examine how parents mobilised childcare support from extended family during the pandemic, focusing on their collaboration with grandparents. Viewing parenting as a series of interactive and relational practices, I analyse how parents made new childcare arrangements and sought support from extended family to cope with work–childcare conflict and their ambivalence towards family collaboration in childcare during the pandemic. My findings highlight the significance of extended family collaboration for parents to overcome childcare challenges and reveal the embeddedness and relationality of parenting during the coronavirus disease-19 pandemic within extended family.
{"title":"Extended family collaboration in childcare during the coronavirus disease-19 pandemic","authors":"Yinni Peng","doi":"10.1177/00113921231194092","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00113921231194092","url":null,"abstract":"The coronavirus disease-19 pandemic and the accompanying public health restrictions have posed significant challenges to parents with dependent children. A rich body of literature has examined the problems encountered by parents and their gendered division of labour in childcare during the pandemic. However, little attention has been paid to their interactions and collaborations with extended family for childcare. Drawing on qualitative interviews with 43 urban parents in Shenzhen, China, I examine how parents mobilised childcare support from extended family during the pandemic, focusing on their collaboration with grandparents. Viewing parenting as a series of interactive and relational practices, I analyse how parents made new childcare arrangements and sought support from extended family to cope with work–childcare conflict and their ambivalence towards family collaboration in childcare during the pandemic. My findings highlight the significance of extended family collaboration for parents to overcome childcare challenges and reveal the embeddedness and relationality of parenting during the coronavirus disease-19 pandemic within extended family.","PeriodicalId":47938,"journal":{"name":"Current Sociology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48630454","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-18DOI: 10.1177/00113921231190720
Todd Madigan
Narratives, it has been argued, serve to represent, explain, transform, and even constitute the social world. However, efforts to apply narrative theory to the social world have become mired in conceptual ambiguity. The culprit of much of this confusion is the notion of genre, which, as a formal property of social narratives, has become hopelessly confused. Instead, when the study of the social world turns to the formal elements of plot structure, I argue that the analysis of how a protagonist’s state of well-being is emplotted is a far more helpful analytic frame. To this end, I delineate a typology of narratives based on what I call their eudaemonic path (the Greek term eudaemonia capturing the concept of ‘well-being’ more fully than the term happiness) and conclude that eudaemonic paths provide explanatory insight regarding the content that is selected for and omitted from particular social narratives. And it is on this more certain foundation – rather than the slippery footing of so-called genre – that the formal elements of narrative can be said to influence social action and cultural change.
{"title":"Farewell to genre: Plot, meaning, and eudaemonic paths in social narratives","authors":"Todd Madigan","doi":"10.1177/00113921231190720","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00113921231190720","url":null,"abstract":"Narratives, it has been argued, serve to represent, explain, transform, and even constitute the social world. However, efforts to apply narrative theory to the social world have become mired in conceptual ambiguity. The culprit of much of this confusion is the notion of genre, which, as a formal property of social narratives, has become hopelessly confused. Instead, when the study of the social world turns to the formal elements of plot structure, I argue that the analysis of how a protagonist’s state of well-being is emplotted is a far more helpful analytic frame. To this end, I delineate a typology of narratives based on what I call their eudaemonic path (the Greek term eudaemonia capturing the concept of ‘well-being’ more fully than the term happiness) and conclude that eudaemonic paths provide explanatory insight regarding the content that is selected for and omitted from particular social narratives. And it is on this more certain foundation – rather than the slippery footing of so-called genre – that the formal elements of narrative can be said to influence social action and cultural change.","PeriodicalId":47938,"journal":{"name":"Current Sociology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46134065","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-17DOI: 10.1177/00113921231194091
Robert Dorschel
The question of how the digital economy responds to ecological issues has gained salience in recent years. So far, though, social scientists have primarily taken interest in the ecological positionings of tech entrepreneurs. Little attention has been paid to the middle-class fraction of ‘tech workers’ who are responsible for programming, designing, and managing the digital technologies that reconfigure socio-material relations. Based on 52 interviews with data scientists and user experience designers, the article analyzes the ecological habitus of this new professional segment. Four central ecological schemas are identified: (1) managing limited resources, (2) critical techno-optimism, (3) academic concern, and (4) lifestyle struggles. Simultaneously, the article discusses how these four schemas relate to the different forms of capital held by tech workers. This mapping of the ecological habitus of tech workers shows how social relationships with nature are underpinned by class positions. The article thus pursues dual aims, contributing to research on green capitalism as well as to debates on how the middle class relates to climate change.
{"title":"Middle-class responses to climate change: An analysis of the ecological habitus of tech workers","authors":"Robert Dorschel","doi":"10.1177/00113921231194091","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00113921231194091","url":null,"abstract":"The question of how the digital economy responds to ecological issues has gained salience in recent years. So far, though, social scientists have primarily taken interest in the ecological positionings of tech entrepreneurs. Little attention has been paid to the middle-class fraction of ‘tech workers’ who are responsible for programming, designing, and managing the digital technologies that reconfigure socio-material relations. Based on 52 interviews with data scientists and user experience designers, the article analyzes the ecological habitus of this new professional segment. Four central ecological schemas are identified: (1) managing limited resources, (2) critical techno-optimism, (3) academic concern, and (4) lifestyle struggles. Simultaneously, the article discusses how these four schemas relate to the different forms of capital held by tech workers. This mapping of the ecological habitus of tech workers shows how social relationships with nature are underpinned by class positions. The article thus pursues dual aims, contributing to research on green capitalism as well as to debates on how the middle class relates to climate change.","PeriodicalId":47938,"journal":{"name":"Current Sociology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41395050","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-13DOI: 10.1177/00113921231190714
Celso Sánchez-Capdequí, J. Beriain
As happens in the very notion of social creativity that presents itself objectified in different figures over time, in the same way the types of transcendence -as condition of posibility of creativity- change over time. We are going to analyze four socio-historical constellations of the creativity-transcendence binomial: The first of them is the one represented by a myth-ritual structure embodied by Homo Sapiens in primitive cultures; the second of them is the one that arises 500 B.C. ago with the “axial revolution” in China, India, Iran, Palestine and Greece supported by new carriers of creative action; the third of them is configured at the beginning of modernity in the 18th century, with the Protestant Reformation and immediately afterwards with the Enlightenment and Romanticism, supported by new carriers of creative action; the fourth constellation of creativity-transcendence emerges today with the convergence of technologies - nanotechnology, biotechnology, Big Data and Artificial Intelligence - where the sense of human nature as a vector within a hybrid cognitive collectivity made up of humans and things is altered.
{"title":"Creativity, transcendence, and social constellations","authors":"Celso Sánchez-Capdequí, J. Beriain","doi":"10.1177/00113921231190714","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00113921231190714","url":null,"abstract":"As happens in the very notion of social creativity that presents itself objectified in different figures over time, in the same way the types of transcendence -as condition of posibility of creativity- change over time. We are going to analyze four socio-historical constellations of the creativity-transcendence binomial: The first of them is the one represented by a myth-ritual structure embodied by Homo Sapiens in primitive cultures; the second of them is the one that arises 500 B.C. ago with the “axial revolution” in China, India, Iran, Palestine and Greece supported by new carriers of creative action; the third of them is configured at the beginning of modernity in the 18th century, with the Protestant Reformation and immediately afterwards with the Enlightenment and Romanticism, supported by new carriers of creative action; the fourth constellation of creativity-transcendence emerges today with the convergence of technologies - nanotechnology, biotechnology, Big Data and Artificial Intelligence - where the sense of human nature as a vector within a hybrid cognitive collectivity made up of humans and things is altered.","PeriodicalId":47938,"journal":{"name":"Current Sociology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47919092","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-13DOI: 10.1177/00113921231194095
Ewa Protasiuk, A. Chatterjee, M. Dichter
The relationship between power, control, and violence defines the experience of intimate partner violence, abuse that occurs within the context of a current or former intimate relationship. Coercive control, including using violence and threats of violence to restrict another’s freedom, is an especially dangerous manifestation of intimate partner violence. In this article, we point to an under-explored modality of power and control as well as resistance to intimate partner violence: the act of looking. Our analysis of interviews with 18 intimate partner violence survivors in the United States identified ‘looking’ as an emergent category in their experiences. We read these mentions of ‘looking’ through select insights from symbolic interactionism, post-structuralism, and postcolonial studies. We argue that acts of looking are everyday mechanisms for both the contestation and the maintenance of power and control in survivors’ lives, highlighting dynamics of intimate partner violence that extend beyond physical violence. Paying attention to everyday forms of interaction like looking helps illuminate the webs of power in which survivors’ intimate relationships are situated, including at the social and institutional levels. Tracing the ‘looks’ of survivors also underscores both the social nature of abusive intimate power and the social embeddedness of survivor healing.
{"title":"The power of a look: Tracing webs of power in intimate partner violence through an everyday act","authors":"Ewa Protasiuk, A. Chatterjee, M. Dichter","doi":"10.1177/00113921231194095","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00113921231194095","url":null,"abstract":"The relationship between power, control, and violence defines the experience of intimate partner violence, abuse that occurs within the context of a current or former intimate relationship. Coercive control, including using violence and threats of violence to restrict another’s freedom, is an especially dangerous manifestation of intimate partner violence. In this article, we point to an under-explored modality of power and control as well as resistance to intimate partner violence: the act of looking. Our analysis of interviews with 18 intimate partner violence survivors in the United States identified ‘looking’ as an emergent category in their experiences. We read these mentions of ‘looking’ through select insights from symbolic interactionism, post-structuralism, and postcolonial studies. We argue that acts of looking are everyday mechanisms for both the contestation and the maintenance of power and control in survivors’ lives, highlighting dynamics of intimate partner violence that extend beyond physical violence. Paying attention to everyday forms of interaction like looking helps illuminate the webs of power in which survivors’ intimate relationships are situated, including at the social and institutional levels. Tracing the ‘looks’ of survivors also underscores both the social nature of abusive intimate power and the social embeddedness of survivor healing.","PeriodicalId":47938,"journal":{"name":"Current Sociology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46142292","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-10DOI: 10.1177/00113921231194087
Suvi Salmenniemi, Hanna Ylöstalo
This article analyses reproductive labour in everyday utopias. Everyday utopias refer to spaces and practices that experiment with alternative forms of life and create new social imaginaries. Drawing on ethnographic research in three everyday utopias in Finland, the article argues that labour plays a key role in transformative politics by prefiguring socially and ecologically sustainable forms of life not conducive to capitalist logic. The article brings together feminist social reproduction theory and utopian studies to shed light on different forms of reproductive labour in everyday utopias. It identifies four forms of labour: manual, affective, mnemonic and experimental. In particular, experimental labour foregrounds the importance of everyday utopias as sites of political imagination in which novel forms of life are actively developed and tried out. The article concludes by suggesting that everyday utopias subvert conventional understandings and practices of labour and social reproduction.
{"title":"Everyday utopias and social reproduction","authors":"Suvi Salmenniemi, Hanna Ylöstalo","doi":"10.1177/00113921231194087","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00113921231194087","url":null,"abstract":"This article analyses reproductive labour in everyday utopias. Everyday utopias refer to spaces and practices that experiment with alternative forms of life and create new social imaginaries. Drawing on ethnographic research in three everyday utopias in Finland, the article argues that labour plays a key role in transformative politics by prefiguring socially and ecologically sustainable forms of life not conducive to capitalist logic. The article brings together feminist social reproduction theory and utopian studies to shed light on different forms of reproductive labour in everyday utopias. It identifies four forms of labour: manual, affective, mnemonic and experimental. In particular, experimental labour foregrounds the importance of everyday utopias as sites of political imagination in which novel forms of life are actively developed and tried out. The article concludes by suggesting that everyday utopias subvert conventional understandings and practices of labour and social reproduction.","PeriodicalId":47938,"journal":{"name":"Current Sociology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43240547","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-10DOI: 10.1177/00113921231190718
J. A. Roche Cárcel, Ángel Enrique Carretero Pasín
This article seeks to determine the link between the symbolic profile of North American skyscrapers and the features of North American culture, emphasizing the parallelism followed in the evolution of both. For this purpose, it resorts to a comprehensive or interpretative sociology combined with an incipient sociology of skyscrapers as a theoretical–methodological basis, complemented in turn with the notions of creativity and symbolism, resources through which the nuclear myths on which North American culture is sustained would become visible. The work reveals how the transformations in the style followed by American skyscrapers maintain a close relationship with the process of collapse of the original values proclaimed by American capitalism. So that the aesthetics characterized by a rationalist abstraction, perfectly fitted in the inaugural ascetic values of this first capitalism, would give way to an aesthetics of evanescent sign where an individuated consideration of the self would be given preeminence. In this sense, the work discovers how the symbology carried on the skyscrapers constitutes a first-level observatory in order to evidence the mutations that took place in the North American religiosity.
{"title":"From ascetic individualism to the dissolution of the self: A sociological approach to the religious symbolism of Chicago and New York skyscrapers","authors":"J. A. Roche Cárcel, Ángel Enrique Carretero Pasín","doi":"10.1177/00113921231190718","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00113921231190718","url":null,"abstract":"This article seeks to determine the link between the symbolic profile of North American skyscrapers and the features of North American culture, emphasizing the parallelism followed in the evolution of both. For this purpose, it resorts to a comprehensive or interpretative sociology combined with an incipient sociology of skyscrapers as a theoretical–methodological basis, complemented in turn with the notions of creativity and symbolism, resources through which the nuclear myths on which North American culture is sustained would become visible. The work reveals how the transformations in the style followed by American skyscrapers maintain a close relationship with the process of collapse of the original values proclaimed by American capitalism. So that the aesthetics characterized by a rationalist abstraction, perfectly fitted in the inaugural ascetic values of this first capitalism, would give way to an aesthetics of evanescent sign where an individuated consideration of the self would be given preeminence. In this sense, the work discovers how the symbology carried on the skyscrapers constitutes a first-level observatory in order to evidence the mutations that took place in the North American religiosity.","PeriodicalId":47938,"journal":{"name":"Current Sociology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49317271","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-02DOI: 10.1177/00113921231190724
Javier Gil-Gimeno, Maya Aguiluz Ibargüen
The aim of this article is to carry out a sociological genealogy of transcendence – understood as a condition of possibility of creativity – articulated from three milestones in its conceptual evolution: The first focuses on the study of the link between transcendence and religiosity in the scenario of primitive societies. We will stop to study how, as Émile Durkheim shows in The Elementary Forms of Religious Life, in this type of society transcendence acted and was articulated mainly through two types of mechanisms: ritual and collective effervescence. The second milestone is established theoretically on the basis of the analysis of transcendence carried out by Hans Joas, in his work The Power of the Sacred, and by Georg Simmel, in ‘Life as Transcendence’. For the former, transcendence is sacredness that becomes reflexive, while for the latter, transcendence is the essence of social life, and implies an exercise of going beyond oneself. In this second moment in the sociological evolution of transcendence we focus on its reflexive dimension, linked to the fact that, since the emergence of the Axial era (800-200 BC), the subject becomes an object for itself, a problem to which answers must be given, whether in terms of soteriology or truth. The third milestone analyzes what we can call ‘variable geometries of transcendence’, and for its study we take as a reference the typology of transcendences articulated by Alfred Schutz and Thomas Luckmann in their work The Structures of Social Life (vol. 2), which unfolds around three categories: ‘Little Transcendencies’, ‘Medium Transcendencies’ and ‘Great Transcendencies’. In this scenario, the sociological key is provided not so much by the decline of the formulas of religious transcendence, but by the coexistence of different and heterogeneous formulas of transcendence (secular and religious) that struggle to obtain a voice and social recognition in the civil sphere.
这篇文章的目的是执行一个超越的社会学谱系-被理解为创造性可能性的条件-从其概念演变的三个里程碑阐述:第一个重点是研究原始社会情景中的超越与宗教虔诚之间的联系。我们将停下来研究，正如Émile迪尔凯姆在《宗教生活的基本形式》中所展示的那样，在这种类型的社会中，超越是如何发挥作用的，并主要通过两种机制来表达:仪式和集体沸腾。第二个里程碑是建立在汉斯·乔斯(Hans Joas)在他的著作《神圣的力量》(The Power of The Sacred)和乔治·齐美尔(Georg Simmel)在《作为超越的生命》(Life as transcendence)中对超越性的分析的理论基础上的。对前者来说，超越是一种具有反身性的神圣性;对后者来说，超越是社会生活的本质，是一种超越自我的练习。在超越的社会学进化的第二个时刻，我们关注它的反思性维度，它与这样一个事实有关:自从轴心时代(公元前800-200年)出现以来，主体变成了自己的客体，一个必须给出答案的问题，无论是从救赎论还是真理的角度。第三个里程碑分析了我们所谓的“超越的可变几何”，对于它的研究，我们参考了阿尔弗雷德·舒茨和托马斯·卢克曼在他们的著作《社会生活的结构》(第二卷)中所阐述的超越的类型学，它围绕三个类别展开:“小超越”、“中等超越”和“大超越”。在这种情况下，社会学的关键不是由宗教超越公式的衰落提供的，而是由不同的和异质的超越公式(世俗的和宗教的)的共存提供的，这些公式在公民领域努力获得声音和社会认可。
{"title":"A sociological genealogy of transcendence","authors":"Javier Gil-Gimeno, Maya Aguiluz Ibargüen","doi":"10.1177/00113921231190724","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00113921231190724","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this article is to carry out a sociological genealogy of transcendence – understood as a condition of possibility of creativity – articulated from three milestones in its conceptual evolution: The first focuses on the study of the link between transcendence and religiosity in the scenario of primitive societies. We will stop to study how, as Émile Durkheim shows in The Elementary Forms of Religious Life, in this type of society transcendence acted and was articulated mainly through two types of mechanisms: ritual and collective effervescence. The second milestone is established theoretically on the basis of the analysis of transcendence carried out by Hans Joas, in his work The Power of the Sacred, and by Georg Simmel, in ‘Life as Transcendence’. For the former, transcendence is sacredness that becomes reflexive, while for the latter, transcendence is the essence of social life, and implies an exercise of going beyond oneself. In this second moment in the sociological evolution of transcendence we focus on its reflexive dimension, linked to the fact that, since the emergence of the Axial era (800-200 BC), the subject becomes an object for itself, a problem to which answers must be given, whether in terms of soteriology or truth. The third milestone analyzes what we can call ‘variable geometries of transcendence’, and for its study we take as a reference the typology of transcendences articulated by Alfred Schutz and Thomas Luckmann in their work The Structures of Social Life (vol. 2), which unfolds around three categories: ‘Little Transcendencies’, ‘Medium Transcendencies’ and ‘Great Transcendencies’. In this scenario, the sociological key is provided not so much by the decline of the formulas of religious transcendence, but by the coexistence of different and heterogeneous formulas of transcendence (secular and religious) that struggle to obtain a voice and social recognition in the civil sphere.","PeriodicalId":47938,"journal":{"name":"Current Sociology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44040834","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-17DOI: 10.1177/00113921231186447
Cristian Márquez Romo, Hugo Marcos-Marné
Despite accumulated empirical evidence suggesting that economic inequality influences citizens’ redistributive preferences, evidence of this relationship among political elites remains scarce. This study aims at filling this gap using an elite survey data set of more than 2300 legislators from Latin America, a region with the highest levels of inequality in the world. We first examine the general association between economic inequality and political elites’ redistributive preferences. In a second step, we focus on the conditional effect of self-positioning in the left–right ideological scale. Our findings suggest a modest negative longitudinal association between economic inequality and legislators’ support for redistribution. In line with our expectations, right-wing and market-oriented legislators are less prone to support redistribution when inequality increases. However, we also find this pattern among left-wing and State-oriented members of parliament. Implications and limitations of our results are considered in the discussion section.
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