There is growing interest in the extent of post‐retirement return among migrants. However, most research focuses on those approaching or soon after retirement, e.g. in their 60s. Less is known about how return, and indeed non‐return, decision‐making evolves in later years, with calls for more research on migrants in the old‐old age groups. Moreover, there are indications that women migrants may be less inclined to return than their male counterparts. Our article seeks to advance understanding in this area of research by drawing upon rich qualitative data from Irish women migrants, who worked as nurses in Britain and are now entering older age, e.g. 70s–80s. Many simply asserted that they could not leave their adult children and grandchildren. However, using the embedding framework, through a life course lens, we argue that non‐return may reflect complex processes of disembedding and non‐belonging in the origin country – which are less easy to articulate.
{"title":"‘You would never pick up the thread from where you left off’: Older Irish women migrants' narratives of non‐return, post‐retirement","authors":"Louise Ryan, Neha Doshi","doi":"10.1111/imig.13321","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/imig.13321","url":null,"abstract":"There is growing interest in the extent of post‐retirement return among migrants. However, most research focuses on those approaching or soon after retirement, e.g. in their 60s. Less is known about how return, and indeed non‐return, decision‐making evolves in later years, with calls for more research on migrants in the old‐old age groups. Moreover, there are indications that women migrants may be less inclined to return than their male counterparts. Our article seeks to advance understanding in this area of research by drawing upon rich qualitative data from Irish women migrants, who worked as nurses in Britain and are now entering older age, e.g. 70s–80s. Many simply asserted that they could not leave their adult children and grandchildren. However, using the embedding framework, through a life course lens, we argue that non‐return may reflect complex processes of disembedding and non‐belonging in the origin country – which are less easy to articulate.","PeriodicalId":48011,"journal":{"name":"International Migration","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-08-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141880322","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The paper examines how relational positivity and negativity within personal networks shape the return experiences of Hungarian migrants. Previous studies have hinted at the potential ‘dark side’ to personal networks for returnees, but no research has explored how different types of positive and negative ties impact return experiences. To address this gap, the study collected personal network data from 69 returning migrants in Hungary and analysed the effects of social support, relational negativity, and ambivalence on their self‐evaluated return experience score. The findings reveal that migrants' return experiences are significantly influenced by both relational positivity and negativity, affected by factors such as relational context, emotional closeness, geographical location, and social status. Particularly, relationships with family members and romantic partners are susceptible to relational negativity, which can adversely affect return experiences.
{"title":"Social networks as double‐edged swords: Understanding the impact of relational positivity and negativity on Hungarian migrants' return experiences","authors":"Dorottya Hoór, Elisa Bellotti","doi":"10.1111/imig.13313","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/imig.13313","url":null,"abstract":"The paper examines how relational positivity and negativity within personal networks shape the return experiences of Hungarian migrants. Previous studies have hinted at the potential ‘dark side’ to personal networks for returnees, but no research has explored how different types of positive and negative ties impact return experiences. To address this gap, the study collected personal network data from 69 returning migrants in Hungary and analysed the effects of social support, relational negativity, and ambivalence on their self‐evaluated return experience score. The findings reveal that migrants' return experiences are significantly influenced by both relational positivity and negativity, affected by factors such as relational context, emotional closeness, geographical location, and social status. Particularly, relationships with family members and romantic partners are susceptible to relational negativity, which can adversely affect return experiences.","PeriodicalId":48011,"journal":{"name":"International Migration","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-08-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141880323","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This article analyses the impact of the crises on the level of inequality between native and migrant origin children in twenty-first-century Spain. We use microdata from the Spanish Labour Force Survey (2000–2022) to study the risk for migrant and native children of living in a household with no working adults. We hypothesize that the assimilation of the immigrant population—after more than two decades in the country—might have contributed to reducing the impact of the COVID-19 crisis. Results show that the 2008 crisis substantially increased the gap between migrant and native children, while the impact of the pandemic has been milder. Moreover, social origin has a stronger protective effect for native children compared with children with a migrant background, especially during periods of economic downturn. However, we find that among children of low social origin, migrant children are less likely to live in a household with no working adults.
{"title":"Migrant children and inequality in twenty-first-century Spain: The risk of living with no working adults in times of crisis","authors":"Jacobo Muñoz-Comet, Albert F. Arcarons","doi":"10.1111/imig.13310","DOIUrl":"10.1111/imig.13310","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This article analyses the impact of the crises on the level of inequality between native and migrant origin children in twenty-first-century Spain. We use microdata from the Spanish Labour Force Survey (2000–2022) to study the risk for migrant and native children of living in a household with no working adults. We hypothesize that the assimilation of the immigrant population—after more than two decades in the country—might have contributed to reducing the impact of the COVID-19 crisis. Results show that the 2008 crisis substantially increased the gap between migrant and native children, while the impact of the pandemic has been milder. Moreover, social origin has a stronger protective effect for native children compared with children with a migrant background, especially during periods of economic downturn. However, we find that among children of low social origin, migrant children are less likely to live in a household with no working adults.</p>","PeriodicalId":48011,"journal":{"name":"International Migration","volume":"62 5","pages":"254-269"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/imig.13310","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141857772","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
<p>In respect of international migration, some 281 million people were estimated to live outside their country of origin as of 2020, roughly equivalent to the population of Indonesia, the world's fourth most populous country (UNDESA, <span>2020b</span>). Bringing both demographic drivers into focus, 9.3% of the global population are aged over 65, yet migrants aged 65+ comprise 12.3% of the world's international migrant stock (equivalent to 34 million people) (Kelley et al., <span>2024</span>). According to a joint report by the OECD and European Commission, ‘elderly migrants are a growing group of concern (…) Foreign-born populations are getting older in most OECD and EU countries’ (OECD/European Commission, <span>2023</span>: 152; see also Fargues, this issue, for a detailed discussion on similar trends in the MENA region).</p><p>As with population trends, so with research trends. Academic interest in the intersection of migration and ageing has grown considerably since scholars first began to explore this terrain in the late 1990s and early 2000s (Sayad, <span>2001</span>; Warnes et al., <span>2004</span>), part of a broader recognition of the diversification and globalisation of international migration at this time, as exemplified in the leading textbook <i>The Age of Migration</i>, now in its sixth edition (de Haas et al., <span>2020</span>). The commission by Edward Elgar Press of the <i>Handbook on Migration and Ageing</i>, which we co-edited (Torres & Hunter, <span>2023</span>), is validation that research at the intersection of migration and ageing is by now sufficiently consolidated to warrant its first reference work.</p><p>In organising and structuring the handbook, we departed from the ageing-migration nexus framework proposed by King et al. (<span>2017</span>). A nexus approach proposes a holistic view of ageing and migration as ‘entwined trajectories’ (ibid: 182), expanding the range of actors who are implicated in this field beyond the purview of older migrants per se, notwithstanding the heterogeneity observed in these populations. Thus, the ageing-migration nexus also draws attention to, for example, older people ‘left behind’ by migrating family members (Lenoël, <span>2023</span>), as well as the large proportion of migrant workers (often female) employed in the eldercare industry in countries of the Global North (Amrith, <span>2023</span>).</p><p>Our entry point is to present the key concepts within migration studies and gerontology that form the basis for scholarship at the intersection of ageing and migration. The notion of the life course is central here, and gerontologists Katz and Grenier (<span>2023</span>: 14) argue that ‘life course research advances studies of migration and ageing by illustrating how human stories and their varying pathways are situated across multiple places and points in time’, thereby offering a corrective to long-held assumptions (in policy circles and public discourse more widely) that migrati
将种族/民族和移民作为独立（但往往是相互作用）的变量进行分析，在未来几十年内只会变得更加必要，因为越来越多的种族少数群体在中晚年生活中并不是移民，而是移民和定居者的后代（Hunter，2018；另见Fargues，本期）。同样必要的是一种反思性方法，将分析目光转向我们研究人员，看看我们如何通过学术成果，无意中延续了我们希望赋予其权力的人群的种族化（Torres, 2023）。最后，老龄化与移民之间的关系为生命历程的一个阶段提供了案例研究，在这个阶段，"集装箱民族国家 "的影响力可以说不如早期阶段（Wimmer & Glick Schiller, 2002），这对移民研究以及社会科学中关于方法论民族主义的辩论具有潜在的更广泛的意义。最近的研究表明，到了一定年龄，摆脱了早期生命历程阶段的地理限制（例如，在国家教育体系中的社会化；与固定地点相关的就业；抚养子女），一些（尽管不是全部）晚年人在生活地点和生活方式上有了一定的自由度。对于那些有幸享受私人养老金的人来说，他们可以将养老金转移到另一个司法管辖区，那里的退休收入税收可能更优惠，生活成本可能更低。在双边或多边公约允许的情况下，公共提供的养老金也可以出口。同样，"地理套利"（Hayes，2014 年）也可用于获得更优惠的住房或医疗保健，而这种辨别做法不仅是（相对特权的）生活方式移民的领域，也可能是劳工移民和其他类别移民的领域（如 Horn，2023 年；Sun，2021 年）。在跨国和全球范围内对不同社会体系的包容性进行研究，可为对 "社会 "的替代性理解提供经验基础，从而超越方法论上的民族主义和有机主义的 "整体-部分 "二分法，这些方法论和二分法一直主导着对移民融入的理解（Favell, 2019；另见Bolzman, 2023）。未来关于老龄化与移民关系的研究还应注意，融合和社会等概念并不一定具有普遍性，而是在历史上根植于统治关系（Schinkel, 2018）。因此，来自全球南部的移民学术观点至关重要，有助于从概念和理论上解放社会科学对老龄化-移民关系的想象力，例如对福利和移民制度的替代性理解（Kilkey，2023 年）。通过展示人口老龄化如何改变世界各地移民人口的年龄构成，并指出已知的和有待研究的内容，老龄化与移民关系方面的学术研究最终提出了两个值得借鉴的信息：老年学除了其惯常的民族和种族框架外，还应利用移民-性别视角；反之亦然，移民研究应采用老龄化-性别视角，以获得生命历程想象的分析优势。本评论中表达的观点仅代表作者本人，并不一定反映编辑、编辑委员会、国际移民组织或 John Wiley & Sons 的观点。
{"title":"Deploying an ageing-astute lens in migration studies: Current research and future directions","authors":"Alistair Hunter, Sandra Torres","doi":"10.1111/imig.13301","DOIUrl":"10.1111/imig.13301","url":null,"abstract":"<p>In respect of international migration, some 281 million people were estimated to live outside their country of origin as of 2020, roughly equivalent to the population of Indonesia, the world's fourth most populous country (UNDESA, <span>2020b</span>). Bringing both demographic drivers into focus, 9.3% of the global population are aged over 65, yet migrants aged 65+ comprise 12.3% of the world's international migrant stock (equivalent to 34 million people) (Kelley et al., <span>2024</span>). According to a joint report by the OECD and European Commission, ‘elderly migrants are a growing group of concern (…) Foreign-born populations are getting older in most OECD and EU countries’ (OECD/European Commission, <span>2023</span>: 152; see also Fargues, this issue, for a detailed discussion on similar trends in the MENA region).</p><p>As with population trends, so with research trends. Academic interest in the intersection of migration and ageing has grown considerably since scholars first began to explore this terrain in the late 1990s and early 2000s (Sayad, <span>2001</span>; Warnes et al., <span>2004</span>), part of a broader recognition of the diversification and globalisation of international migration at this time, as exemplified in the leading textbook <i>The Age of Migration</i>, now in its sixth edition (de Haas et al., <span>2020</span>). The commission by Edward Elgar Press of the <i>Handbook on Migration and Ageing</i>, which we co-edited (Torres & Hunter, <span>2023</span>), is validation that research at the intersection of migration and ageing is by now sufficiently consolidated to warrant its first reference work.</p><p>In organising and structuring the handbook, we departed from the ageing-migration nexus framework proposed by King et al. (<span>2017</span>). A nexus approach proposes a holistic view of ageing and migration as ‘entwined trajectories’ (ibid: 182), expanding the range of actors who are implicated in this field beyond the purview of older migrants per se, notwithstanding the heterogeneity observed in these populations. Thus, the ageing-migration nexus also draws attention to, for example, older people ‘left behind’ by migrating family members (Lenoël, <span>2023</span>), as well as the large proportion of migrant workers (often female) employed in the eldercare industry in countries of the Global North (Amrith, <span>2023</span>).</p><p>Our entry point is to present the key concepts within migration studies and gerontology that form the basis for scholarship at the intersection of ageing and migration. The notion of the life course is central here, and gerontologists Katz and Grenier (<span>2023</span>: 14) argue that ‘life course research advances studies of migration and ageing by illustrating how human stories and their varying pathways are situated across multiple places and points in time’, thereby offering a corrective to long-held assumptions (in policy circles and public discourse more widely) that migrati","PeriodicalId":48011,"journal":{"name":"International Migration","volume":"62 4","pages":"296-300"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/imig.13301","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141857770","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Ageing and migration. Reflection on an emerging nexus and application to the Middle East and northern Africa","authors":"Philippe Fargues","doi":"10.1111/imig.13304","DOIUrl":"10.1111/imig.13304","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":48011,"journal":{"name":"International Migration","volume":"62 4","pages":"286-290"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141857773","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Rosenthal, Jill. 2023. From Migrants to Refugees: The Politics of Aid along the Tanzania-Rwanda Border. Durham: Duke University Press. pp. 203.","authors":"Deo Mwapinga","doi":"10.1111/imig.13294","DOIUrl":"10.1111/imig.13294","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":48011,"journal":{"name":"International Migration","volume":"62 4","pages":"301-303"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141857768","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ana Margheritis, Anastasia Bermúdez, Gioconda Herrera, Beatriz Padilla
{"title":"‘In-betweeners’ in turbulent times: Migrants in the epicentre of diverse ‘crises’ in the Americas and Europe","authors":"Ana Margheritis, Anastasia Bermúdez, Gioconda Herrera, Beatriz Padilla","doi":"10.1111/imig.13292","DOIUrl":"10.1111/imig.13292","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":48011,"journal":{"name":"International Migration","volume":"62 4","pages":"125-131"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141857769","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
<p>Older migrants have long been an overlooked population (Fokkema & Ciobanu, <span>2021</span>). While gerontological research has a rather colour-blind history, migration research has predominantly focused on younger migrant populations (e.g., recent newcomers and second-generation). Especially in longstanding immigration countries, older migrants today represent a substantial segment of the ageing population (OECD/European Union, <span>2023</span>), and their numbers are expected to increase significantly in the near future (Apt, <span>2018</span>; also see Fargues this issue). There is also growing awareness of the specific vulnerabilities of older migrants arising from the intersection of ageing and migration (Ciobanu et al., <span>2017</span>). As a result, research on older migrants has gained momentum in recent years, encompassing a wide array of topics (see Torres and Hunter (<span>2023</span>) and the commentary in this issue for a nice illustration of this).</p><p>One of the vulnerabilities faced by older migrants is loneliness – the perceived discrepancy between the quality and/or quantity of an individual's actual and desired social relationships (Peplau & Perlman, <span>1982</span>). Quantitative studies to date show, almost without exception, that older migrants on average report substantially higher levels of loneliness compared with their native-born counterparts (Dolberg et al., <span>2016</span>; Fokkema & Naderi, <span>2013</span>; Lin et al., <span>2016</span>; Uysal-Bozkir et al., <span>2017</span>; van Tilburg & Fokkema, <span>2021</span>; Wu & Penning, <span>2015</span>). When older migrants are further differentiated by ethnicity, those from countries of origin with greater cultural and linguistic distance are particularly prone to experiencing above-average levels of loneliness. In Great Britain, for instance, older migrants from India showed a loneliness prevalence similar to that of the native-born (8% versus 9%), whereas it was much higher for older migrants from the Caribbean (24%) and even more so for those from Bangladesh (40%), China (40%), Pakistan (50%), and Africa (50%) (Victor et al., <span>2012</span>). In Canada, older migrants are on average lonelier than their native-born age peers, except for those who migrated from Britain or France (de Jong Gierveld et al., <span>2015</span>) and identify themselves as British or French (Wu & Penning, <span>2015</span>).</p><p>Addressing loneliness, especially when it becomes chronic, is paramount due to its detrimental effects on physical and mental health. Prolonged loneliness increases the risk of health issues such as cardiovascular disease, accelerated cognitive decline, dementia, depression, anxiety disorders, and even premature all-cause mortality (Cachón-Alonso et al., <span>2023</span>; Holt-Lunstad et al., <span>2015</span>; Holwerda et al., <span>2014</span>; Park et al., <span>2020</span>). Loneliness may also lead to unhealthy coping
年龄、性别、社会经济地位、健康状况）。这些多重身份的交织会极大地影响孤独的表现形式及其诱因。如果不能把握这些细微差别，孤独干预措施可能无法充分满足不同风险群体的不同需求。事实上，干预措施只有与孤独感的根本原因相一致才能有效。其次，虽然现有的研究已经揭示了导致老年移民孤独的个人层面的因素（见上文），但环境（中观）和社会（宏观）背景的影响几乎没有被调查过（Kemppainen 等人，2023 年）。这是一个重大疏忽，因为孤独不仅是个人的挑战，也是集体的责任。在中观层面上，可能对形成孤独体验起重要作用的因素包括邻里间的种族多样性以及是否有针对老年移民需求的服务。宏观层面上可能影响老年移民孤独感的因素包括福利国家的类型、移民政策以及对移民的态度。考虑到这些背景因素及其与个人因素之间的相互作用，可以更全面地了解老年移民的孤独感，并确定社会多个层面的干预杠杆点。虽然已经开发了许多干预措施来预防或减少老年人的孤独感（de Jong Gierveld & Fokkema, 2015; Fakoya等人，2020），但专门为老年移民设计或调整的干预措施屈指可数（Salway等人，2020）。除了通过新知识扩大为老年移民量身定制的干预措施的数量外，干预措施的种类也将大大增加。现有的针对老年移民的干预措施主要旨在创建社交聚会场所（例如，在社区或宗教中心开展社交和文化活动；Li & Southcott，2012；Patzelt，2017；Zhang & Zhan，2009），其假设是 "一旦融入人群并建立新的联系，孤独感就会消失"。对于那些缺乏社交网络的人来说，这类干预是有意义的。然而，大多数老年移民都有良好的社会关系（Fokkema & Das, 2023; Steinbach, 2018），这证实了孤独和独处是不同的概念（de Jong-Gierveld & van Tilburg, 2016）。如上所述，在个人、中观和宏观层面有多种因素会影响老年移民的孤独感。这些都需要采取不同的方法，如管理对社会关系的期望、提高现有关系的质量、提供实际支持、增加邻里信任、促进社区资源的获取以及消除种族歧视。第三，目前还缺乏关于专门针对老年移民的孤独干预措施有效性的高质量研究。上述研究主要针对创造社交聚会场所的干预措施，这些研究都属于定性研究。这些研究通过概述干预措施的多方面功能（例如，与家庭以外的同龄同族人聚会的机会、提供熟悉的空间、创造归属感、分散注意力），间接暗示了干预措施的有效性。在极少数情况下，参与者或实施者称干预措施减少或避免了孤独感，但对这些结果的解释应谨慎。正面评价可能会受到一些因素的影响，如社会期望偏差和取悦研究人员的愿望。因此，定量研究孤独干预措施的有效性至关重要，最好采用随机对照试验（RCT）设计（Schoenmakers 等人，2024 年）。我承认，由于资金、实践和伦理方面的巨大挑战，这并不容易实施。第四，需要就如何打破对孤独的沉默开展更多研究。孤独仍然是一种禁忌，这种禁忌在老年移民中可能更加明显。在集体主义文化中，讨论个人和敏感话题通常被认为不太合适（Heu et al.羞耻感和怕丢面子也是集体主义文化的特征。 只有当老年移民公开分享他们的感受时，家人、社区成员和专业人士才能识别孤独的迹象，并提供有意义的支持。打破对孤独的沉默不仅是个人的责任，也是社会环境的责任。例如，儿童可以促进开放式交流，而社区则可以创造让老年移民感到舒适和受重视的空间。此外，儿童和社区都可以发挥作用，降低向福利组织寻求支持的门槛，克服参与孤独干预的障碍。总之，关于老年移民的孤独感以及如何有效解决这一问题，显然还有许多研究工作要做。本评论中所表达的观点仅代表作者本人，并不一定反映编辑、编辑委员会、国际移民组织或 John Wiley & Sons 的观点。
{"title":"Unveiling the missing pieces: Addressing research gaps in tackling loneliness among older migrants","authors":"Tineke Fokkema","doi":"10.1111/imig.13300","DOIUrl":"10.1111/imig.13300","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Older migrants have long been an overlooked population (Fokkema & Ciobanu, <span>2021</span>). While gerontological research has a rather colour-blind history, migration research has predominantly focused on younger migrant populations (e.g., recent newcomers and second-generation). Especially in longstanding immigration countries, older migrants today represent a substantial segment of the ageing population (OECD/European Union, <span>2023</span>), and their numbers are expected to increase significantly in the near future (Apt, <span>2018</span>; also see Fargues this issue). There is also growing awareness of the specific vulnerabilities of older migrants arising from the intersection of ageing and migration (Ciobanu et al., <span>2017</span>). As a result, research on older migrants has gained momentum in recent years, encompassing a wide array of topics (see Torres and Hunter (<span>2023</span>) and the commentary in this issue for a nice illustration of this).</p><p>One of the vulnerabilities faced by older migrants is loneliness – the perceived discrepancy between the quality and/or quantity of an individual's actual and desired social relationships (Peplau & Perlman, <span>1982</span>). Quantitative studies to date show, almost without exception, that older migrants on average report substantially higher levels of loneliness compared with their native-born counterparts (Dolberg et al., <span>2016</span>; Fokkema & Naderi, <span>2013</span>; Lin et al., <span>2016</span>; Uysal-Bozkir et al., <span>2017</span>; van Tilburg & Fokkema, <span>2021</span>; Wu & Penning, <span>2015</span>). When older migrants are further differentiated by ethnicity, those from countries of origin with greater cultural and linguistic distance are particularly prone to experiencing above-average levels of loneliness. In Great Britain, for instance, older migrants from India showed a loneliness prevalence similar to that of the native-born (8% versus 9%), whereas it was much higher for older migrants from the Caribbean (24%) and even more so for those from Bangladesh (40%), China (40%), Pakistan (50%), and Africa (50%) (Victor et al., <span>2012</span>). In Canada, older migrants are on average lonelier than their native-born age peers, except for those who migrated from Britain or France (de Jong Gierveld et al., <span>2015</span>) and identify themselves as British or French (Wu & Penning, <span>2015</span>).</p><p>Addressing loneliness, especially when it becomes chronic, is paramount due to its detrimental effects on physical and mental health. Prolonged loneliness increases the risk of health issues such as cardiovascular disease, accelerated cognitive decline, dementia, depression, anxiety disorders, and even premature all-cause mortality (Cachón-Alonso et al., <span>2023</span>; Holt-Lunstad et al., <span>2015</span>; Holwerda et al., <span>2014</span>; Park et al., <span>2020</span>). Loneliness may also lead to unhealthy coping","PeriodicalId":48011,"journal":{"name":"International Migration","volume":"62 4","pages":"291-295"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/imig.13300","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141857771","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mathias Czaika, Heidrun Bohnet, Federica Zardo, Jakub Bijak
Migration inherently embodies uncertainty and dynamism, eluding precise conceptualization, definition and measurement. Embedded within intricate migration driver environments and shaped by the diverse agency of actors involved—prospective migrants, intermediaries and policymakers—migration defies easy prediction and effective policy response. This inherent complexity within international migration flows poses immediate and long‐term governance challenges. This paper delves into the impact of migration‐related uncertainty on European migration governance. We scrutinize how uncertainty shapes migration policy responses and investigate the roles of key actors in assessing and communicating various facets of migration‐related uncertainty. Employing illustrative cases—the Syrian refugee situation and environmentally induced migration—we uncover how uncertainty influences European migration governance and policymaking. Our study sheds light on the interplay between migration uncertainty and governance processes. The findings emphasize the need for nuanced policy approaches to navigate the complexities inherent in international migration processes.
{"title":"European migration governance in the context of uncertainty","authors":"Mathias Czaika, Heidrun Bohnet, Federica Zardo, Jakub Bijak","doi":"10.1111/imig.13308","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/imig.13308","url":null,"abstract":"Migration inherently embodies uncertainty and dynamism, eluding precise conceptualization, definition and measurement. Embedded within intricate migration driver environments and shaped by the diverse agency of actors involved—prospective migrants, intermediaries and policymakers—migration defies easy prediction and effective policy response. This inherent complexity within international migration flows poses immediate and long‐term governance challenges. This paper delves into the impact of migration‐related uncertainty on European migration governance. We scrutinize how uncertainty shapes migration policy responses and investigate the roles of key actors in assessing and communicating various facets of migration‐related uncertainty. Employing illustrative cases—the Syrian refugee situation and environmentally induced migration—we uncover how uncertainty influences European migration governance and policymaking. Our study sheds light on the interplay between migration uncertainty and governance processes. The findings emphasize the need for nuanced policy approaches to navigate the complexities inherent in international migration processes.","PeriodicalId":48011,"journal":{"name":"International Migration","volume":"29 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141768558","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Afees A. Salisu, Rabia Abdul Muhammad, Mojeed O. Saliu
This study analyzes the relationship between migration and inflation as well as the intervening role of interest rates in selected OECD countries from 1995 to 2020, covering periods of turbulence and tranquillity. The study finds that migration increases inflation in the short run but lowers it in the long run. In other words, the inflationary effect of migration is a long-run phenomenon. Additionally, we find that the high interest rates help mitigate the inflationary effect of migration in the short run relative to the low interest rates. Moreover, additional analysis using the panel threshold technique further lends credence to the mediating role of interest rates in the nexus, thus making our results robust to alternative estimation techniques. These findings have significant implications for policymakers responsible for managing inflation.
{"title":"Migration and inflation nexus under high and low interest rate environments: Some panel data evidence","authors":"Afees A. Salisu, Rabia Abdul Muhammad, Mojeed O. Saliu","doi":"10.1111/imig.13312","DOIUrl":"10.1111/imig.13312","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This study analyzes the relationship between migration and inflation as well as the intervening role of interest rates in selected OECD countries from 1995 to 2020, covering periods of turbulence and tranquillity. The study finds that migration increases inflation in the short run but lowers it in the long run. In other words, the inflationary effect of migration is a long-run phenomenon. Additionally, we find that the high interest rates help mitigate the inflationary effect of migration in the short run relative to the low interest rates. Moreover, additional analysis using the panel threshold technique further lends credence to the mediating role of interest rates in the nexus, thus making our results robust to alternative estimation techniques. These findings have significant implications for policymakers responsible for managing inflation.</p>","PeriodicalId":48011,"journal":{"name":"International Migration","volume":"62 6","pages":"59-77"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-07-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/imig.13312","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141730564","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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