International Migration最新文献

International migration systems are, usually, addressed from the perspective of networks between migration flows that have countries of origin and destination as units of analysis. This paper proposes a complementary approach in which the units restricting migration networks are national sub-regions at origin and countries at destination. What gives specificity to such migration systems based on a kind of conditional selectivity of emigration? How can the validity of such systems be tested? The methodology we propose to answer such questions is applied to the case of emigration from Romania. Regions of origin and six countries of destination of recent migration are linked through flows that structure the analysed migration system. The analysis highlights changes between emigration flows to Italy, Spain, Germany, Great Britain, France and Austria, during the 2011–2021 intercensary period. Recent emigration flows are specified by reference to NUTS 3 regions, differentiated by urban and rural residential areas. Emigration contexts are highlighted by multiple regression analyses and factor analysis.

Researchers broadly define sanctuary cities as localities with policies that limit local cooperation or participation in federal immigration enforcement, but this is often a binary definition. Existing scholarship has examined the roles that sanctuary cities play in limiting cooperation in federal immigration enforcement but has tended to rely on an inconsistent definition of what constitutes a ‘sanctuary city’. Much of the existing research also analytically treats sanctuary cities the same, regardless of the individual components of a given policy. To address these shortcomings, we draw on a content analysis of 379 municipal policies passed from 1971 to 2021, coding each policy along a seven-point scale originally developed by the Immigrant Legal Resource Center (ILRC). We draw on individual city case studies to illustrate each component of the scale and then score each locality from one to seven based on a content analysis of the policy's text. We demonstrate that policies vary in the limits they place on cooperation in federal immigration enforcement and that these limits vary geographically and temporally. We find that sanctuary policies have added new components over time, as federal immigration policies and agencies have changed, with the most comprehensive policies passed after Trump won the presidency in 2016.

Climate change has been irreversibly increasing its impact on human migration. This issue calls for an inclusive protection framework worldwide. In this context, one could expect the European Union (EU), a leading actor in global climate governance, to pioneer a more holistic conceptual framework for climate migration. However, the EU's rationality tends to portray a different picture in policymaking. This study conducts a content analysis of 62 selected legal and other acts between 2009 and 2024 to evaluate the EU's governmentality of climate migration. The use of climate change and migration-related concepts, both separately and interrelatedly, is analysed using MAXQDA through both quantitative and qualitative methodologies. The research theoretically benefits from Michel Foucault's governmentality perspective. It finds that the conceptualisation and human rights-based approach (HRBA) of the EU to climate-induced migration are notably limited in the documents. The EU's governmentality of climate-induced migration reveals itself as slow-moving policymaking.

This article examines how the political resocialisation of Chilean emigrants shapes their electoral preferences in constitutional plebiscites. We propose a set of hypotheses linking democracy levels in residence countries, prior electoral experience, ideology, and exposure to constitutional reforms abroad to voting behaviour. Using both administrative and individual-level data, our analysis yields three key findings. First, Chileans residing in less democratic countries than Chile are more likely to reject constitutional plebiscites. Second, while prior electoral experience and partisan ideology contribute to stable voting patterns, exposure to constitutional reforms in residence countries does not significantly shape non-residents' vote choices. Third, individual-level evidence underscores the role of democratic pluralism, prior voting participation, ideology, and socioeconomic factors in structuring electoral behaviour abroad. By situating non-resident Chilean voters within broader debates on migrant political participation, this study provides insights into how transnational experiences shape electoral engagement in origin-country politics.

This paper is part of a larger study investigating the educational experiences of Syrian refugees in Jordan. It explores the reflective accounts of 129 Syrian refugee university learners in Jordan, collected during the third week following the fall of Bashar al-Assad, a period marked by significant political transition and the voluntary return of nearly 60 000 Syrians. Using a discursive analytical approach, the research investigates how language reflects the learners' decisions about returning to Syria or remaining in Jordan. The analysis identifies key language strategies, including the use of conditional framing to express hypothetical scenarios, modal verbs to convey future intentions, affective language that positions education as both a personal and collective responsibility, concessive structures to navigate the interplay of familial support, financial constraints, and educational aspirations, temporal framing that situates actions within a specific time context, a combination of agentive verbs, intensification, presupposition, and comparative evaluation. This study contributes to understanding the relationship between language, identity, and post-conflict reconstruction in refugee contexts by highlighting the language strategies employed by Syrian refugee learners at a pivotal historical moment. It thereby advances sociolinguistic understandings of how refugee learners use language to frame return as a morally situated decision shaped by displacement, education, and political change.