{"title":"The Effect of Future Pension Benefits on Labor Supply in a Developing Economy","authors":"O. Becerra","doi":"10.1086/725338","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1086/725338","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":48055,"journal":{"name":"Economic Development and Cultural Change","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44546567","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
R. Suryanarayana, K. Chaudhuri, Mrithyunjayan Nilayamgode, N. Jha
While alcohol regulation policies may help control crime, the effects of such policies are highly dynamic and may be difficult to understand using the annual crime data normally available in developing countries. We use district-level monthly crime data from the Indian states of Bihar and Jharkhand and a difference-in-differences reasearch design to provide evidence that a prohibition imposed in Bihar led to a 0.21 standard deviation reduction in the incidence of violent crimes but had no significant impact on non-violent crimes. These results illustrate the idea that intoxication may reduce risk aversion, thereby increasing the probability of committing a violent crime. Our results are concentrated in areas where the ban may have had a larger impact - due to either higher alcoholism at the baseline or where the ban may be easier to implement - and are robust to a number of alternate specifications, including the use of a synthetic control group.
{"title":"Alcohol Ban and Crime: The ABC's of the Bihar Prohibition","authors":"R. Suryanarayana, K. Chaudhuri, Mrithyunjayan Nilayamgode, N. Jha","doi":"10.1086/725452","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1086/725452","url":null,"abstract":"While alcohol regulation policies may help control crime, the effects of such policies are highly dynamic and may be difficult to understand using the annual crime data normally available in developing countries. We use district-level monthly crime data from the Indian states of Bihar and Jharkhand and a difference-in-differences reasearch design to provide evidence that a prohibition imposed in Bihar led to a 0.21 standard deviation reduction in the incidence of violent crimes but had no significant impact on non-violent crimes. These results illustrate the idea that intoxication may reduce risk aversion, thereby increasing the probability of committing a violent crime. Our results are concentrated in areas where the ban may have had a larger impact - due to either higher alcoholism at the baseline or where the ban may be easier to implement - and are robust to a number of alternate specifications, including the use of a synthetic control group.","PeriodicalId":48055,"journal":{"name":"Economic Development and Cultural Change","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42813125","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Power of Securing Property Rights: Evidence from China's Land Titling Policy","authors":"Le Wen, K. Paudel, Youhua Chen, Qinying He","doi":"10.1086/725453","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1086/725453","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":48055,"journal":{"name":"Economic Development and Cultural Change","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41857940","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
We investigate how means-tested public pensions interact with the informal sector, by exploiting a reform in the noncontributory old-age pension system in South Africa, where the eligibility age was lowered from 65 to 60 for men. By employing a difference-in-discontinuities (“diff-in-disc”) approach, we show that this reform triggered a large drop in elderly male employment. The response at the extensive margin comes from informal workers, who drop out of the labor force, while formal employment is mostly unaffected, despite the implicit incentive to draw benefits and simultaneously work informal jobs. This heterogeneity is not due to the lower earnings in informal jobs; at the same level of hourly earnings, informal workers drop out, while formal workers do not. Overall, we argue that this response is indicative of the “subsistence” nature of informal employment in South Africa, in particular, among the elderly.
{"title":"Large Means-Tested Pensions with Informal Labor Markets: Evidence from South Africa","authors":"Paul Dutronc-Postel, Alessandro Tondini","doi":"10.1086/717618","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1086/717618","url":null,"abstract":"We investigate how means-tested public pensions interact with the informal sector, by exploiting a reform in the noncontributory old-age pension system in South Africa, where the eligibility age was lowered from 65 to 60 for men. By employing a difference-in-discontinuities (“diff-in-disc”) approach, we show that this reform triggered a large drop in elderly male employment. The response at the extensive margin comes from informal workers, who drop out of the labor force, while formal employment is mostly unaffected, despite the implicit incentive to draw benefits and simultaneously work informal jobs. This heterogeneity is not due to the lower earnings in informal jobs; at the same level of hourly earnings, informal workers drop out, while formal workers do not. Overall, we argue that this response is indicative of the “subsistence” nature of informal employment in South Africa, in particular, among the elderly.","PeriodicalId":48055,"journal":{"name":"Economic Development and Cultural Change","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42457179","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Effort and Social Comparison: Experimental Evidence from Uganda","authors":"Ben d’Exelle, R. Habraken, A. Verschoor","doi":"10.1086/725231","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1086/725231","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":48055,"journal":{"name":"Economic Development and Cultural Change","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44570961","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Media’s Influence on Citizen Demand for Public Goods","authors":"Philip Keefer, Stuti Khemani","doi":"10.1086/725019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1086/725019","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":48055,"journal":{"name":"Economic Development and Cultural Change","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46225584","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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