Pub Date : 2023-07-17DOI: 10.1080/14413523.2023.2233342
H. McDonald, J. Pallant, Daniel C. Funk, Thilo Kunkel
{"title":"Who doesn’t like sport? A taxonomy of non-fans","authors":"H. McDonald, J. Pallant, Daniel C. Funk, Thilo Kunkel","doi":"10.1080/14413523.2023.2233342","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14413523.2023.2233342","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":48057,"journal":{"name":"Sport Management Review","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2023-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47443941","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"教育学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-11DOI: 10.1080/14413523.2023.2233341
Carlos Gomez-Gonzalez, Helmut Dietl, David Berri, Cornel Nesseler
ABSTRACT
Whether one looks at revenue, investment or coverage, men’s sports do better than women’s. Many assume that absolute differences in quality of athletic performance are the driving force. However, the existence of stereotypes should alert us to another possibility: gender information might influence perceived quality. We perform an experiment in which 613 participants viewed clips of elite female and male soccer players. In the control group, participants evaluated unmodified videos where the gender of the players is clear to see. In the treatment group, participants evaluated the same videos but with gender obscured by blurring. Using a regression analysis, we find that participants rate men’s videos higher – but only when they know they are watching men. When blurring obscures the gender, ratings for female and male athletes do not differ. We discuss implications for research and the sports industry.
{"title":"Gender information and perceived quality: An experiment with professional soccer performance","authors":"Carlos Gomez-Gonzalez, Helmut Dietl, David Berri, Cornel Nesseler","doi":"10.1080/14413523.2023.2233341","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14413523.2023.2233341","url":null,"abstract":"<p><b>ABSTRACT</b></p><p>Whether one looks at revenue, investment or coverage, men’s sports do better than women’s. Many assume that absolute differences in quality of athletic performance are the driving force. However, the existence of stereotypes should alert us to another possibility: gender information might influence perceived quality. We perform an experiment in which 613 participants viewed clips of elite female and male soccer players. In the control group, participants evaluated unmodified videos where the gender of the players is clear to see. In the treatment group, participants evaluated the same videos but with gender obscured by blurring. Using a regression analysis, we find that participants rate men’s videos higher – but only when they know they are watching men. When blurring obscures the gender, ratings for female and male athletes do not differ. We discuss implications for research and the sports industry.</p>","PeriodicalId":48057,"journal":{"name":"Sport Management Review","volume":"32 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2023-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50167481","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"教育学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Research on human rights and large-scale sport events from 1990 to 2022: a scoping review","authors":"Stacy-Lynn Sant, Christine Maleske, Kathryn Vanderboll","doi":"10.1080/14413523.2023.2231315","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14413523.2023.2231315","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":48057,"journal":{"name":"Sport Management Review","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2023-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43654185","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"教育学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-03DOI: 10.1080/14413523.2023.2229097
Yonghwan Chang, Matthew S Katz
{"title":"When feeling is for pursuing: exploring the moderating role of spectatorship locus of control on fans’ emotion-directed pursuit of consumption goals","authors":"Yonghwan Chang, Matthew S Katz","doi":"10.1080/14413523.2023.2229097","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14413523.2023.2229097","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":48057,"journal":{"name":"Sport Management Review","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2023-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46010453","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"教育学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-26DOI: 10.1080/14413523.2023.2215557
Masayuki Yoshida, Mikihiro Sato, Anthony D. Pizzo, Rieko Kuramasu
ABSTRACT Psychological involvement is a leading concept within sport management used to understand consumers’ behavior and their connection with a sport entity. Despite the concept’s importance, there is limited evidence on the longitudinal dynamics of its three facets (pleasure, centrality, and sign). To examine the relationships between the facets of psychological involvement and customer loyalty (attitudinal loyalty and visit frequency) over time, we conducted a three-wave longitudinal investigation using data from new fitness center customers (n = 150). Results indicate that while the impact of pleasure on attitudinal loyalty decreased from time 1 to time 2, the relationship between centrality and attitudinal loyalty increased during the same time period. Our findings further demonstrate that baseline pleasure (t1) has a sequential relationship with visit frequency (t3), first through baseline attitudinal loyalty (t1), and then through future attitudinal loyalty (t2). Our results imply that pleasure and centrality are salient to loyalty development.
{"title":"The evolution of psychological involvement and customer loyalty: a longitudinal analysis of fitness facility members","authors":"Masayuki Yoshida, Mikihiro Sato, Anthony D. Pizzo, Rieko Kuramasu","doi":"10.1080/14413523.2023.2215557","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14413523.2023.2215557","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Psychological involvement is a leading concept within sport management used to understand consumers’ behavior and their connection with a sport entity. Despite the concept’s importance, there is limited evidence on the longitudinal dynamics of its three facets (pleasure, centrality, and sign). To examine the relationships between the facets of psychological involvement and customer loyalty (attitudinal loyalty and visit frequency) over time, we conducted a three-wave longitudinal investigation using data from new fitness center customers (n = 150). Results indicate that while the impact of pleasure on attitudinal loyalty decreased from time 1 to time 2, the relationship between centrality and attitudinal loyalty increased during the same time period. Our findings further demonstrate that baseline pleasure (t1) has a sequential relationship with visit frequency (t3), first through baseline attitudinal loyalty (t1), and then through future attitudinal loyalty (t2). Our results imply that pleasure and centrality are salient to loyalty development.","PeriodicalId":48057,"journal":{"name":"Sport Management Review","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2023-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45853472","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"教育学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-25DOI: 10.1080/14413523.2023.2210360
Jeeyoon Kim, Yukyoum Kim
ABSTRACT This study investigates how sport fans psychologically process and cope with the loss of one’s team and how the process is linked to temporal well-being. Grounded on need theory and Lazarus’ model of stress, need unfulfillment is introduced as a psychological threat derived from a loss, which triggers coping strategies to deal with the negative well-being effects associated with the loss. With a two-wave survey-based natural field study conducted with identified NFL team fans, the relations among need unfulfillment (of arousal, achievement and social needs), coping strategies (i.e., seeking social support, positive reinterpretation/growth, venting, denial and CORFing) and temporal well-being (i.e., self-worth and negative affect) are examined with structural equation modeling. Need unfulfillment after a loss, particularly achievement unfulfillment, was found as a meaningful antecedent of coping behavior. The five coping strategies had distinctive effects on self-worth and negative affect. Strategies to help fans effectively cope with losses are discussed.
{"title":"Coping with losses: Need unfulfillment, coping strategies and temporal well-being of sport fans","authors":"Jeeyoon Kim, Yukyoum Kim","doi":"10.1080/14413523.2023.2210360","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14413523.2023.2210360","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This study investigates how sport fans psychologically process and cope with the loss of one’s team and how the process is linked to temporal well-being. Grounded on need theory and Lazarus’ model of stress, need unfulfillment is introduced as a psychological threat derived from a loss, which triggers coping strategies to deal with the negative well-being effects associated with the loss. With a two-wave survey-based natural field study conducted with identified NFL team fans, the relations among need unfulfillment (of arousal, achievement and social needs), coping strategies (i.e., seeking social support, positive reinterpretation/growth, venting, denial and CORFing) and temporal well-being (i.e., self-worth and negative affect) are examined with structural equation modeling. Need unfulfillment after a loss, particularly achievement unfulfillment, was found as a meaningful antecedent of coping behavior. The five coping strategies had distinctive effects on self-worth and negative affect. Strategies to help fans effectively cope with losses are discussed.","PeriodicalId":48057,"journal":{"name":"Sport Management Review","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2023-05-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44390564","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"教育学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-21DOI: 10.1080/14413523.2023.2190431
Qi Peng, Chunbin Liu, N. Scelles, Yuhei Inoue
ABSTRACT This paper seeks to answer the question: what impacts athletes’ decision-making to continue or withdraw from an endurance sport event under environmental uncertainty amid the rise of extreme weathers? Underpinned by prospect theory and the framework of risk information seeking, qualitative data were collected via 14 in-depth semi-structured interviews with amateur and professional athletes and coded using thematic analysis. Findings suggest that endurance sport athletes do consider withdrawal as an option before and during an event. The severity of weather and a lack of physical and psychological preparedness may lead to the decision of withdrawal. Additionally, different decisions can be made under an interplay between weather conditions and physical and psychological status. Event organisers, family, friends and fellow participants may also influence athletes’ decision-making. Finally, based on personal goals set for an event, both risk-seeking (continue) and risk-aversion (discontinue) behaviours may occur when facing the same environmental uncertainty. The paper calls attention to protecting athletes’ wellbeing by undertaking timely withdrawals under environmental uncertainty. By highlighting the vulnerability of endurance sport athletes to environmental uncertainty, this study encourages event organisers to evidence their ability to face environmental uncertainty and enhance/preserve their reputation in event risk management. HIGHLIGHTS This paper illustrates endurance athletes’ decision to withdraw from events. Crucial factors impacting athletes’ decision-making process under environmental uncertainty are identified. The study calls for timely withdrawal under environmental uncertainty to protect athletes’ health and wellbeing.
{"title":"Continuing or withdrawing from endurance sport events under environmental uncertainty: athletes’ decision-making","authors":"Qi Peng, Chunbin Liu, N. Scelles, Yuhei Inoue","doi":"10.1080/14413523.2023.2190431","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14413523.2023.2190431","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This paper seeks to answer the question: what impacts athletes’ decision-making to continue or withdraw from an endurance sport event under environmental uncertainty amid the rise of extreme weathers? Underpinned by prospect theory and the framework of risk information seeking, qualitative data were collected via 14 in-depth semi-structured interviews with amateur and professional athletes and coded using thematic analysis. Findings suggest that endurance sport athletes do consider withdrawal as an option before and during an event. The severity of weather and a lack of physical and psychological preparedness may lead to the decision of withdrawal. Additionally, different decisions can be made under an interplay between weather conditions and physical and psychological status. Event organisers, family, friends and fellow participants may also influence athletes’ decision-making. Finally, based on personal goals set for an event, both risk-seeking (continue) and risk-aversion (discontinue) behaviours may occur when facing the same environmental uncertainty. The paper calls attention to protecting athletes’ wellbeing by undertaking timely withdrawals under environmental uncertainty. By highlighting the vulnerability of endurance sport athletes to environmental uncertainty, this study encourages event organisers to evidence their ability to face environmental uncertainty and enhance/preserve their reputation in event risk management. HIGHLIGHTS This paper illustrates endurance athletes’ decision to withdraw from events. Crucial factors impacting athletes’ decision-making process under environmental uncertainty are identified. The study calls for timely withdrawal under environmental uncertainty to protect athletes’ health and wellbeing.","PeriodicalId":48057,"journal":{"name":"Sport Management Review","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2023-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42959296","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"教育学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-15DOI: 10.1080/14413523.2022.2163074
Gidon S. Jakar, Kiernan O. Gordon, Qian He
ABSTRACT Road safety is one of the world’s greatest public health challenges, with more than 3,500 deaths on the roads each day and estimated 50 million injuries annually (World Health Organization, 2021). This study explores the relationship between professional sporting events and vehicular crashes by examining crash data, game times, and venues using longitudinal data from Cleveland, Ohio (2017–2019). We employ two multivariate modeling analyses and spatial statistical techniques to examine the extent to which sporting events are related to car crashes before, during, and after events and the spatial relationship between where the venues are located and the number of crashes. The temporal analyses (n = 28,260) show that crashes with damage reported a significant increase, particularly after the more attended NFL games. Meanwhile, a spatial analysis (n=741) shows that the location of the sports venue also demonstrates associations with the number of crashes, while the significance varies across spatial distances. From a scholarly perspective, our study identifies the relationship between sports events and car crashes nearby sports venues, which adds to the broader literature on vehicular crashes and society. Practically, addressing this relationship can provide a concise strategy for both the public and private sectors to reduce car crashes. HIGHLIGHTS We explore the relationship between sporting events and vehicular crashes. Crashes with damage particularly increase after NFL games nearby the stadium. We find a non-linear relationship between distances from sport venues to vehicle crash rates. Neighborhoods adjacent but not next to stadiums have higher crash rates. Findings contribute to the growing literature on the externalities of sports.
{"title":"The temporal and spatial relationships between professional sport events and reported vehicular crashes: an analysis of Cleveland, Ohio","authors":"Gidon S. Jakar, Kiernan O. Gordon, Qian He","doi":"10.1080/14413523.2022.2163074","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14413523.2022.2163074","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Road safety is one of the world’s greatest public health challenges, with more than 3,500 deaths on the roads each day and estimated 50 million injuries annually (World Health Organization, 2021). This study explores the relationship between professional sporting events and vehicular crashes by examining crash data, game times, and venues using longitudinal data from Cleveland, Ohio (2017–2019). We employ two multivariate modeling analyses and spatial statistical techniques to examine the extent to which sporting events are related to car crashes before, during, and after events and the spatial relationship between where the venues are located and the number of crashes. The temporal analyses (n = 28,260) show that crashes with damage reported a significant increase, particularly after the more attended NFL games. Meanwhile, a spatial analysis (n=741) shows that the location of the sports venue also demonstrates associations with the number of crashes, while the significance varies across spatial distances. From a scholarly perspective, our study identifies the relationship between sports events and car crashes nearby sports venues, which adds to the broader literature on vehicular crashes and society. Practically, addressing this relationship can provide a concise strategy for both the public and private sectors to reduce car crashes. HIGHLIGHTS We explore the relationship between sporting events and vehicular crashes. Crashes with damage particularly increase after NFL games nearby the stadium. We find a non-linear relationship between distances from sport venues to vehicle crash rates. Neighborhoods adjacent but not next to stadiums have higher crash rates. Findings contribute to the growing literature on the externalities of sports.","PeriodicalId":48057,"journal":{"name":"Sport Management Review","volume":"26 1","pages":"628 - 648"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2023-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48863337","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"教育学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-08DOI: 10.1080/14413523.2023.2171276
R. Ramos, Veerle De Bosscher, A. Pankowiak, C. W. Valleser
ABSTRACT The importance of contexts in analysing elite sport systems and policies, as reflected in substantial research over the past couple of decades, is considered to nurture or constrain the development and outcome of elite sport systems toward international sporting success. Theorising elite sport systems as institutions operating and embedded in an open system may provide insight into the “hows” (throughput processes) and the “whys” (conditions) of the effectiveness of sport systems and policies to determine what may work (or not work) for each country’s specific context. This scoping review aims to examine and map determinants of elite sport development in nations. Specifically, the review analysed how studies: (1) theorised the determinants, (2) used terms to denote contextual determinants for elite sport development and success and (3) described or conceptualised context. Further, the review identified context dimensions derived from the elite sport development determinants. The scoping review identified 19 studies that contain relevant contextual determinants. Findings present seven context dimensions derived from a neo-institutional organisation framework that pertain to different institutional contexts that may influence the development of elite sport policy systems. An improved conceptualisation of context may enhance our understanding of the relationship between processes (i.e., sport policy mechanisms) and contexts. HIGHLIGHTS The scoping review analysed how studies: (1) theorised the elite sport determinants; (2) used terms to denote contextual determinants for elite sport development and success; and (3) described or conceptualised context. The scoping review identified 19 studies describing determinants of the development of elite athletes and sport systems in relation to success. Findings present seven context dimensions derived from a neo-institutional organisation framework that pertains to different institutional contexts that may influence the development of elite sport policy systems. Contextual determinants in the 19 studies can be categorised into seven different context dimensions, namely: (1) belief system; (2) historical development; (3) culture; (4) dominant interest groups; (5) legal rules and structures; (6) development standards of conduct and conventions; and (7) transnational influence. Further improved conceptual clarity on contextual dimensions of elite sport systems may enhance our understanding of the interdependent relationship between mechanisms (i.e., sport policy processes) and the contexts.
{"title":"Contexts shaping the development and success of elite sport systems: a scoping review","authors":"R. Ramos, Veerle De Bosscher, A. Pankowiak, C. W. Valleser","doi":"10.1080/14413523.2023.2171276","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14413523.2023.2171276","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The importance of contexts in analysing elite sport systems and policies, as reflected in substantial research over the past couple of decades, is considered to nurture or constrain the development and outcome of elite sport systems toward international sporting success. Theorising elite sport systems as institutions operating and embedded in an open system may provide insight into the “hows” (throughput processes) and the “whys” (conditions) of the effectiveness of sport systems and policies to determine what may work (or not work) for each country’s specific context. This scoping review aims to examine and map determinants of elite sport development in nations. Specifically, the review analysed how studies: (1) theorised the determinants, (2) used terms to denote contextual determinants for elite sport development and success and (3) described or conceptualised context. Further, the review identified context dimensions derived from the elite sport development determinants. The scoping review identified 19 studies that contain relevant contextual determinants. Findings present seven context dimensions derived from a neo-institutional organisation framework that pertain to different institutional contexts that may influence the development of elite sport policy systems. An improved conceptualisation of context may enhance our understanding of the relationship between processes (i.e., sport policy mechanisms) and contexts. HIGHLIGHTS The scoping review analysed how studies: (1) theorised the elite sport determinants; (2) used terms to denote contextual determinants for elite sport development and success; and (3) described or conceptualised context. The scoping review identified 19 studies describing determinants of the development of elite athletes and sport systems in relation to success. Findings present seven context dimensions derived from a neo-institutional organisation framework that pertains to different institutional contexts that may influence the development of elite sport policy systems. Contextual determinants in the 19 studies can be categorised into seven different context dimensions, namely: (1) belief system; (2) historical development; (3) culture; (4) dominant interest groups; (5) legal rules and structures; (6) development standards of conduct and conventions; and (7) transnational influence. Further improved conceptual clarity on contextual dimensions of elite sport systems may enhance our understanding of the interdependent relationship between mechanisms (i.e., sport policy processes) and the contexts.","PeriodicalId":48057,"journal":{"name":"Sport Management Review","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2023-03-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48261490","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"教育学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-07DOI: 10.1080/14413523.2023.2175493
Yannick Kluch
ABSTRACT Drawing from interviews with 31 collegiate athlete activists, the goal of this study was to identify barriers to athlete activism in the hegemonic arena of U.S. college sport. I utilize a multilevel analysis to map how activism is rendered counter-hegemonic, non-normative behavior in college sport through barriers manifesting at the macro-level (societal), meso-level (organizational), and micro-level (individual). Barriers at the macro-level include social norms prioritizing athlete identity and stigma attached to activism, while barriers at the meso-level include the strict regulation of athletes’ lives, isolation on campus, team cultural norms, and institutional power relations. Finally, emotional exhaustion and lack of rapport with peers manifested at the micro-level, further constituting barriers to activist efforts. The complex interplay of barriers at multiple levels, I argue, perpetuates a hegemonic order where contemporary collegiate athlete activists and the arena of sport become sites for the struggle for power – that is, cultural sites in which the battle between hegemonic forces and agents of resistance becomes manifested and visible. HIGHLIGHTS Collegiate activists face barriers to activism on many levels, ranging from macro-(societal) to meso- (organizational) and micro-levels (individual). There continues to be intense stigma attached to activist behaviors in U.S.intercollegiate sport, despite an increase in activism. On an emotional level, collegiate athlete activists often experience feelings of isolation and exhaustion. At the institutional level, unsupportive institutional climates and team cultural norms can prevent athletes from engaging in activism. The barriers identified serve as powerful hegemonic tools to render activism non-normative behavior in U.S.intercollegiate sport.
{"title":"Why don’t more college athletes engage in activism? A multilevel analysis of barriers to activism in the hegemonic arena of intercollegiate sport","authors":"Yannick Kluch","doi":"10.1080/14413523.2023.2175493","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14413523.2023.2175493","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Drawing from interviews with 31 collegiate athlete activists, the goal of this study was to identify barriers to athlete activism in the hegemonic arena of U.S. college sport. I utilize a multilevel analysis to map how activism is rendered counter-hegemonic, non-normative behavior in college sport through barriers manifesting at the macro-level (societal), meso-level (organizational), and micro-level (individual). Barriers at the macro-level include social norms prioritizing athlete identity and stigma attached to activism, while barriers at the meso-level include the strict regulation of athletes’ lives, isolation on campus, team cultural norms, and institutional power relations. Finally, emotional exhaustion and lack of rapport with peers manifested at the micro-level, further constituting barriers to activist efforts. The complex interplay of barriers at multiple levels, I argue, perpetuates a hegemonic order where contemporary collegiate athlete activists and the arena of sport become sites for the struggle for power – that is, cultural sites in which the battle between hegemonic forces and agents of resistance becomes manifested and visible. HIGHLIGHTS Collegiate activists face barriers to activism on many levels, ranging from macro-(societal) to meso- (organizational) and micro-levels (individual). There continues to be intense stigma attached to activist behaviors in U.S.intercollegiate sport, despite an increase in activism. On an emotional level, collegiate athlete activists often experience feelings of isolation and exhaustion. At the institutional level, unsupportive institutional climates and team cultural norms can prevent athletes from engaging in activism. The barriers identified serve as powerful hegemonic tools to render activism non-normative behavior in U.S.intercollegiate sport.","PeriodicalId":48057,"journal":{"name":"Sport Management Review","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2023-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43799323","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"教育学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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