Journal of Mental Health最新文献

Background: Many anti-stigma programs for healthcare workers already exist however there is less research on the effectiveness of training in skills for health professionals to counter stigma and its impacts on patients.

Aims: The objective of this study was to examine the theory base, content, delivery, and outcomes of interventions for healthcare professionals which aim to equip them with knowledge and skills to aid patients to mitigate stigma and discrimination and their health impacts.

Methods: Five electronic databases and grey literature were searched. Data were screened by two independent reviewers, conflicts were discussed. Quality appraisal was realized using the ICROMS tool. A narrative synthesis was carried out.

Results: The final number of studies was 41. In terms of theory base, there are three strands - responsibility as part of the professional role, correction of wrongful practices, and collaboration with local communities. Content focusses either on specific groups experiencing health-related stigma or health advocacy in general.

Conclusions: Findings suggest programs should link definitions of stigma to the role of the professional. They should be developed following a situational analysis and include people with lived experience. Training should use interactive delivery methods. Evaluation should include follow-up times that allow examination of behavioural change. PROSPERO, ID: CRD42020212527.

Background: Self-harm amongst young people in the United Kingdom is higher than in other European countries. Young people who self-harm are often reluctant to seek professional help, turning increasingly to the internet for support, including online forums. There are concerns about misinformation or harmful content being shared, potentially leading to self-harm contagion. Moderation of online forums can reduce risks, improving forum safety. Moderation of self-harm content, however, is an under-researched area.

Aims: Using the Behaviour Change Wheel (BCW), this study examines the barriers and enablers to moderation of self-harm content and suggests behaviour change techniques (BCTs) to address barriers.

Method: Qualitative interviews with 8 moderators (of a total of 16) from the UK's leading young people's support service for under 25s, The Mix, were conducted.

Results: Thematic analysis identified eleven enablers, four barriers and one both an enabler and a barrier. Barriers included emotional exhaustion, working with partial information, access to timely support, vagueness within the guidelines and influence of community users. BCTs selected included increasing social support through a moderation buddy.

Conclusions: Optimisation strategies focus on increasing the support and level of information available to moderators and could be considered by other organisations providing similar services.

Background: Brief motivational coaching, integrated into health care; seems promising to address physical inactivity of people with serious mental illness (SMI).

Aims: To test the impact of a self-determined health coaching approach (the "SAMI" intervention) during outpatient mental health treatment on moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) of people with SMI.

Methods: Adults (mean age = 41.9, SD = 10.9) with an ICD-10 diagnosis of mental illness were semi-randomized to the SAMI-intervention group (IG) or control group (CG). The IG received 30 minutes of health coaching based on the self-determination theory (SDT). MVPA and sedentary time (ST) were measured with the International Physical Activity Questionnaire - short form (IPAQ-SF) and symptoms of mental illness with the Brief Symptom Inventory (BSI-18), each at baseline and follow-up (3-4 months). Differences in primary (MVPA) and secondary (ST, BSI-18) outcomes were evaluated using negative binomial regressions and general linear models.

Results: In the IG (n = 30), MVPA increased from 278 (interquartile range [IQR] = 175-551) to 435 (IQR = 161-675) min/week compared to a decrease from 250 (IQR = 180-518) to 155 (IQR = 0-383) min/week in the CG (n = 26; adjusted relative difference at follow-up: Incidence Rate Ratio [IRR] = 2.14, 95% CI: 1.17-3.93, p = 0.014). There were no statistically significant differences in ST and BSI-18.

Conclusions: Brief self-determined health coaching during outpatient treatment could increase post-treatment MVPA in people with SMI, potentially up to a clinically relevant level. However, great uncertainty (for all outcomes) weakens the assessment of clinical relevance.

Background: Mental illnesses and mental health challenges have become increasingly pervasive among Chinese university students. However, the utilization rate of mental health services is low among students.

Aims: We aimed to explore Chinese university students' help-seeking behaviors to understand how they deal with mental health challenges and use the results to inform the development of effective mental health promotion initiatives.

Methods: In this study, we conducted 13 focus group interviews with students in six universities in Jinan, China, including 91 (62%) female students and 56 (38%) male students. We drew on the Theory of Planned Behaviors to guide our thematic analysis to gain a contextual understanding of participants' accounts on help-seeking.

Results: Our results have depicted the help-seeking patterns of Chinese university students and show that there are four major behaviors which are self-reliance, seeking support from peers and families, seeking professional support, and accessing virtual mental health care.

Conclusion: Results from this study can be used to inform the development of mental health literacy programming for students in universities that share similar contexts, and the study has also opened up a new space for using qualitative approaches to study mental health needs and access to care in diverse populations.