International Journal of Psychology最新文献

Although workplace incivility (WI) has been extensively studied, limited attention has been paid to its validation in culturally diverse contexts such as China and Pakistan. Addressing this gap, the present study examines the psychometric properties of the instigated WI scale within these two distinct cultural settings. Furthermore, it investigates the cross-cultural measurement equivalence of the scale using a daily diary methodology. Participants were full-time employees from service-sector organisations in China (n = 110) and Pakistan (n = 118), recruited through snowball sampling. Over 10 days, 758 daily observations were collected from Chinese employees and 836 from Pakistani employees. The findings provide evidence supporting the validity and reliability of the scale in both samples, affirming the conceptual transferability of WI across these cultural contexts. The study also highlights the importance of accounting for cultural nuances in the manifestation and assessment of incivility. Establishing the scale's validity and equivalence contributes critical methodological groundwork for future cross-cultural research on workplace mistreatment.

While spatial autoregressive (SAR) models are increasingly used in population-level psychological studies, researchers often overlook the crucial step of parsing effects into direct, indirect and total impacts, a standard practice in spatial econometrics. In this paper, we demonstrate the necessity of this practice by re-analyzing Gruda et al.'s (2024) U.S. Dark-Triad and health dataset with heteroskedasticity-robust SAR models and full impact decomposition, revealing significant changes. The previously observed direct protective effect of state-level narcissism on hypertension mortality disappeared when accounting for interstate spillovers. Conversely, the association with lower cancer prevalence and depression strengthened. Several health-behaviour findings reversed direction, indicating naïve regressions conflated within- and between-state effects. Machiavellianism and psychopathy coefficients also shifted. These results demonstrate that spatial spillovers can dilute, negate or reverse local effects, cautioning against policy inferences based solely on direct estimates.

Borderline personality disorder (BPD) is marked by emotional instability, identity disturbances and interpersonal difficulties. While deficits in emotion regulation (ER) and parenting styles are associated with BPD, their combined impact on specific BPD features remains unclear. This study used network analysis to explore the complex associations between parenting styles, ER strategies and specific BPD features in a sample of 1289 undergraduate students. Participants completed the Personality Assessment Inventory—Borderline subscale, the Emotion Regulation Questionnaire and the Parenting Styles and Dimensions Questionnaire. Gaussian graphical models combined with exploratory graph analysis identified central and bridge nodes within the network. Expressive suppression emerged as the most central node in the model, strongly linked to affective instability, negative relationships and self-harm. Cognitive reappraisal showed protective associations with reduced affective instability and identity problems. Authoritative parenting was associated with greater reappraisal and less suppression, whereas authoritarian and permissive parenting styles were linked to maladaptive ER patterns. Bridge nodes (affective instability and negative relationships) connected ER and interpersonal domains, indicating potential pathways for cross-domain distress transmission. This study advances dimensional models of personality pathology by integrating parenting variables into BPD features networks, revealing both intra- and cross-domain intervention targets.

Research has shown that independent vs. interdependent self-construals are largely shaped by culture and can predict the endorsement of distinct relational schemes when dealing with close others. Intriguingly, individuals exposed to both Eastern and Western cultures can develop both independent and interdependent self-construals and possess the two seemingly conflicting self-construals simultaneously. What is less explored is how different management of both independent and interdependent self-construals influence individuals' navigation of relational schemas in their romantic relationships. The current research examines the influence of how one's dual self-construal integration (DSCI)—an individual difference measure that captures the degree to which individuals perceive independent and interdependent self-construals as compatible or conflictual—is associated with romantic relationship satisfaction as well as creativity. Using samples comprising college students from Singapore, a society that is exposed to both Asian and Western influence, results showed that DSCI was a valid individual difference construct that was positively associated with enhanced creativity in relationships, which in turn mediated the effects of DSCI on relationship satisfaction. Theoretical and practical implications are discussed.

This multi-wave longitudinal study among six research universities in Israel examines a potential mechanism by which COVID-19-related concerns in early phases are associated with students' academic achievements as the epidemic progressed. Based on Hobfoll Conservation of Resources Theory (COR), it examined the potential mediating role of loss of resources on the associations between COVID-19-related concerns and academic achievements. It further assessed whether social support moderates the potential mediation effect of resource loss on students' academic achievements. Participants included 564 higher-education students who completed the research questionnaire in the three measurement times: at Time 1 (September–October 2020), at time two that was conducted 7 months later, and at time three that was conducted 15–18 months after Time 1 (January–March 2022). The findings revealed that loss of resources served as a mediator; higher levels of COVID-19-related concerns at T1 were associated with a greater loss of resources at T2, and a greater loss of resources at T2 was linked with fewer academic achievements at T3. Moreover, social support moderated the mediation effect of loss of resources. In conclusion, the COR theoretical model plays a significant role in explaining the mechanism behind academic functioning in the context of the pandemic.

Children's gender socialisation begins from a young age and one socialisation context used to provide gender-based information is toy play. Adults play a key role in prescribing children's toys; however, the factors that motivate adults to consider toys as gender-typed for boys or girls require further investigation. We investigated predictors of gender-typing of children's toys by women and men, both parents and non-parents. In this study, 1200 adult participants (562 parents, 638 non-parents, 603 women, 597 men) reported their gender-typing of children's toys, gender essentialist beliefs, social role attitudes and retrospective experiences with toys as a child. Results revealed that parental experience, gender essentialist beliefs, gender role attitudes and retrospective toy experiences demonstrated reliable associations with both women's and men's tendency to gender-type children's toys.

This study aimed to investigate the dyadic association between romantically involved young couples' insecure attachment (attachment anxiety and attachment avoidance) and romantic relationship quality in the Chinese cultural context, with the moderating role of disintegration avoidance. We recruited 297 dyads of Chinese couples who were currently in heterosexual romantic relationships. The couples completed measures of their adult attachment orientation, disintegration avoidance, and romantic relationship quality. Cross-sectional actor–partner interdependence model (APIM) revealed the following results: (A) Actor effects existed. Women's insecure attachment (both attachment anxiety and attachment avoidance) was negatively associated with their own perceptions of romantic relationship quality, while men's attachment avoidance was negatively associated with their own relationship quality. (B) Partner effects of attachment avoidance existed for both genders. Chinese couples' attachment avoidance was negatively associated with their partners' perceptions of romantic relationship quality. (C) Significant moderating effects of men's disintegration avoidance existed between both men's and women's attachment avoidance and men's relationship quality, as well as men's attachment anxiety and women's relationship quality. The present study provided evidence on how insecure attachment hindered relationship quality and how disintegration avoidance moderated such associations through dyadic pathways in the Chinese context.