International Journal of Psychology最新文献

This article presents a divergent replication of a recent study exploring the phenomenon of moral conformity in online video interactions. The replication introduced intentional variations, such as a different cultural context—specifically, Russian—and varied stimulus materials to examine the cross-cultural stability and consistency of the observed moral conformity effect. The research utilised a well-established Asch conformity paradigm and encompassed 15 moral situations, including trolley-type, factual and Haidt's moral scenarios. The study recruited a total of 104 participants, aged 18–28, comprising 68 females and 36 males. In the experimental condition, participants confronted moral dilemmas in the presence of confederates via the online video meeting service, while participants in the control condition made decisions alone. The results revealed significant differences between experimental and control conditions for both consequentialist and deontological pressure, as well as for the overall conformity level, affirming the robustness of the moral conformity effect across cultural contexts. No significant difference was observed between trolley-type and factual dilemmas. These findings suggest that moral conformity is a stable behavioural phenomenon that transcends cultural boundaries, highlighting its relevance for understanding moral behaviour in online interactions.

This study investigated the psychological mechanism underlying the relationship between green consumption values and green purchasing behaviour amongst undergraduates. Using a two-wave prospective research design, this study surveyed 1198 students from a large university in China. The results showed that students' green consumption values positively related to their green purchasing behaviour, with gratitude serving as a partial mediator. Green product availability moderated both the relationship between gratitude and green purchasing behaviour and the indirect effect of green consumption values on green purchasing behaviour. Notably, when green products were easily accessible, the positive impact of gratitude on purchasing behaviour became weak. Similarly, the indirect effect of gratitude connecting consumption values and purchasing behaviour weakened with increased green product availability. These results offer insights into how and when green consumption values promote undergraduates' green purchasing behaviour, providing important implications for promoting sustainable consumption amongst young people.

Prosocial behaviour consistently correlates positively with individual well-being. However, the specific role of autonomy, a basic psychological need in self-determination theory, remains debated. To address this debate and fill theoretical and methodological gaps, this study takes a cross-cultural approach and examines the moderating and mediating effects of autonomy on the relationship between prosocial behaviour and well-being. The study utilises data from the extensive World Values Survey (N = 76,897 from 51 countries or territories). Results indicate a positive correlation between prosocial behaviour and well-being, with autonomy moderating this relationship. Notably, individuals with lower autonomy experience greater well-being benefits than those with higher autonomy. Additionally, autonomy partially mediates the positive relationship between prosocial behaviour and well-being. Upon simultaneous exploration of the dual roles of autonomy, both its mediating and interactive functions in the relationship between prosocial behaviour and well-being were identified. These findings shed light on the intricate dynamics of autonomy in the relationship between prosocial behaviour and well-being. The study concludes by discussing interpretations, implications, and avenues for future research.

Belief in pseudoscience, especially astrology, is common and can have negative consequences (e.g., financial and psychological) for the believer. We examined the relationships between belief in astrology, vulnerable and grandiose narcissism and celebrity admiration. University students (n = 252) completed the Belief in Astrology Inventory, Maladaptive Covert Narcissism Scale, Narcissistic Personality Inventory and Celebrity Attitude Scale. We discovered that vulnerable and grandiose narcissism, and celebrity admiration, are significantly and positively related to belief in astrology. Multiple regression analysis revealed that vulnerable narcissism and celebrity admiration, but not grandiose narcissism, are the only variables that account for unique variance in belief in astrology when controlling for all variables. Results are discussed in terms of how common characteristics associated with vulnerable narcissism may underlie relationships to celebrity admiration and belief in astrology.

The popularity and practice of adventure physical activities in nature (APAN) have risen substantially in the past 20 years. At the same time, the number of events leading to serious injury has increased substantially. Several factors account for the occurrence of such events, albeit individual differences in personality traits together with sex differences appear as important intervening factors. Social or evolutionary approaches might be helpful to explain the higher risk taking and accidents in males compared with females. We evaluated whether sex similarities or differences emerged when relating individual traits with accidents in adventure sports, with a sample of Spanish practitioners of adventure sports (337 males, 168 females). Males endured more accidents than females albeit scoring similarly in risk taking. There was a more robust association between age and deliberate risk taking for males than for females, and risk taking was a more robust predictor of accidents for males than for females. Further, males remained more prone than females to endure an accident when scoring high in risk taking.

This study investigated whether men's memories of parental rejection in childhood affect their ability to recognise facial expressions of six basic emotions, possibly mediated by their current psychological maladjustment. Participants, including 350 men (M_age = 28.29, SD = 5.69) responded to the mother and father short forms of the Adult Parental Acceptance-Rejection Questionnaire (PARQ) and the Adult Personality Assessment Questionnaire (PAQ). They also completed the Facially Expressed Emotion Labelling Test. Results showed that the more rejected the men felt they had been in childhood by their mothers and fathers, and the more psychologically maladjusted they reported themselves to be at the current time, the more difficulty they had correctly identifying facial expressions of emotion. Further, results indicated that perceived maternal and paternal rejection, and psychological maladjustment, each predicted significant variations in the ability of men to recognise different facial expressions of emotion and predicted longer average reaction times to recognise facial expressions of emotions.

There are many helpful tools that exist for conducting power analyses. However, even the simplest tools require the researcher to make specific decisions about the research design and analytic methodology. This is not always a simple task, especially when the design and/or analysis are more sophisticated (e.g., in the case of longitudinal data with multiple levels). The aims of this paper are to (1) provide an overview of some existing tools in R that researchers can use and (2) introduce simulated power analyses in R. Existing tools are powerful, and it is important to consider their use, as they are often user-friendly and may be more appropriate in some cases. The purpose of introducing simulations for power analysis is that it provides the most control for researchers in terms of how the sample size is determined. This paper will focus on the use of R for power analysis, which requires some background in coding, although some examples provided can be copy/pasted if the R environment is already available, as it is free and open-source, and tools are continually evolving that facilitate advances in power analytic approaches.