International Journal of Psychology最新文献

Hedonic and eudaimonic well-being were studied depending on indicators of distress in countries with cultures differing in survival/self-realisation values. A total of 2216 respondents from Chile, China, Italy, Russia and the United States participated. The Psychological Well-Being Scale, the Satisfaction With Life Scale, and the Depression, Anxiety, Stress Scale were used. Findings provided evidence that in countries with high survival values, the levels of hedonic and eudaimonic well-being were lower. Hedonic well-being across countries was negatively associated with depression and survival values; in addition, it was also negatively associated with stress based on analysis in the total sample. In countries characterised by self-realisation (Italy and the United States), eudaimonic well-being was negatively associated with depression only. In countries characterised by survival, observed links differed: In China, eudaimonic well-being was negatively associated with depression and stress, and in Russia, eudaimonic well-being was negatively associated with depression, but positively with stress. In the total sample, eudaimonic well-being was negatively associated with depression and anxiety and positively associated with sex (higher in women). The moderation effect of values and distress on well-being varied across countries.

The study uses partly a review-oriented approach, with the primary objective to examine the influence of information technologies on the sports motivation of students. The research employed a content analysis method, examining scholarly articles within the databases of ScienceDirect, Springer, Taylor & Francis Online, and Google Scholar from 2019 to 2023, about the fields of sports psychology and the digitization of sports education. Additionally, a psychodiagnostic method was utilised to explore the sports motivation of 187 students from a sports college through the application of “The Sports Motivation Scale.” The relevance of the issue of sports education and student training, as well as the utilisation of information technologies in sports education, has been demonstrated in the context of China. It has been discerned that this topic is inadequately addressed within the corpus of scientific literature. The study corroborates that the employment of information technologies exerts a positive influence on the sports motivation of students, primarily about indicators of intrinsic motivation. It has been established that a tendency toward an increase in extrinsic motivation indicators among students for engaging in sports, coupled with minimal changes in intrinsic motivation, may signify the presence of psychological pressure on the athlete's psyche.

Close relationships generally help foster and sustain interpersonal trust, but also intensify harm when trust is violated by deception. Based on Expectancy Violation Theory and Decision System Theory, this study explored how social distance moderates the impact of deception on trust through three experiments. In Study 1 (N = 86), deception by acquaintances (vs. strangers) resulted in a higher decline in trust. Building on this, Study 2 (N = 202) further examined mediating mechanisms, indicating that the deception of acquaintances reduces trust more by causing negative emotions, while deception of strangers affects trust more by decreasing integrity perception. From the perspective of trust repair, Study 3 (N = 51) found that apologies from acquaintances were more effective in restoring trust, revealing the deeper role of the deceiver's social distance on trust dynamics. Results suggest that deception at different social distances has distinct effects on trust-related outcomes, thereby deepening the understanding of the relationship between social distance and trust, and offering practical guidance for managing trust violations in social relationships.

Literature reveals that people who feel happy are more inclined to demonstrate prosocial behaviour. Considering the development of social functioning during adolescence, this study aims to investigate the psychological mechanism underlying the relationship between happiness and prosocial tendencies among adolescents with high- and low-income from a perspective of social functioning (i.e., peer trust and social competence). A sample of 2042 Chinese adolescents (1039 girls, Mage = 15.00, SD = 1.85) were surveyed. Results indicated that peer trust mediated the positive association between happiness and prosocial tendencies, and the second-stage path was weaker in the low-income group. The latent moderated structural equation (LMS) modelling revealed that self-perceived social competence moderated the relation between peer trust and prosocial tendencies among low-income adolescents, with stronger effects among those who have higher competence. These findings add to the evidence on the contributing factors to adolescents' prosociality and reveal how social functioning acts across high- and low-income groups. As for practical application, this study highlights the importance of happiness and social functioning in the education of prosociality among adolescents, particularly for those from disadvantaged backgrounds.

Drawing on social exchange theory, this study intends to investigate the association between supervisor ostracism and employee knowledge sabotage behaviour. The study further examines the serial mediating roles of employee neuroticism and time theft in the link between supervisor ostracism and knowledge sabotage, as well as the moderating influence of leader-member exchange (LMX). We collected time-lagged survey data from three rounds, involving 503 employees working in the service sector in Guangdong Province, China. To analyse the data, we used SEM with Mplus. The results indicate that supervisor ostracism is positively related to employee knowledge sabotage behaviour. Furthermore, employee neuroticism and time theft act as serial mediators of the link between supervisor ostracism and knowledge sabotage. Furthermore, high LMX weakens the positive association between supervisor ostracism and employee neuroticism, as well as the link to knowledge sabotage behaviour.

The Hamas terror attack on October 7, 2023, and the subsequent ‘Iron Swords’ war represent a profound national tragedy in Israeli history. Emerging Adults (EAs) aged 18–30 constitute a vulnerable group due to an inherent lack of social and economic resources. This study explores the secondary trauma stress (STS) experienced by both Israeli Jewish and Arab EAs, examining their levels of indirect exposure, fear, resilience, and coping strategies. The study sample included 562 Israeli EAs, approximately half of whom identified as Jewish and most others as Muslim. The findings reveal high levels of indirect exposure, with more than half of the participants knowing someone who was harmed during the attack. Fear emerged as a strong predictor of STS, surpassing the effects of exposure. Compared with Arab participants, Jewish participants reported greater exposure and fear but also higher resilience and coping strategy use. Despite these differences, STS levels were similar across groups, highlighting Arab EAs' greater vulnerability due to pre-existing disparities in resources and sociopolitical tensions. Coping strategies failed to mitigate STS, suggesting a “panic-coping cycle”. These findings emphasise the need for resource-based and culturally sensitive interventions to address the distinct vulnerabilities of Arab EAs and support recovery in crisis contexts.

As a form of recovery experience, mastery experience often has a distinct relationship with work stressors compared to the other three types of recovery experiences. Being a growth-oriented recovery experience, analysing how work challenges impact is invaluable for replenishing individual resources, fostering employee growth, and achieving an upward resource spiral. However, existing research on this relationship is limited. This study focuses on subjective perceptions, analysing the mediating role of affective experiences during work and cognitive and physical vitality perceptions after work in the relationship between Challenging Stressor and recovery experiences. Additionally, it explores the moderating role of self-efficacy in this context—a sample of 111 full-time employees from various industries completed daily measurements over five consecutive workdays. Cross-level data analysis revealed the following results: Challenging Stressors during the workday reduce positive affect at work, further diminishing employees' subjective vitality after work, ultimately hindering mastery experiences. However, this negative phenomenon can be alleviated in individuals with high self-efficacy. The study results indicate that if employees maintain high levels of affective, cognitive, and physical perceptions, along with high self-efficacy, their mastery experiences after work will not be significantly negatively affected, even when facing high levels of Challenging Stressors in daily work.