Pub Date : 2025-02-01DOI: 10.1016/j.jasrep.2024.104923
Suchi Liu , Mingrui Zhang , Jie Liu , Madalina Georgiana Albu Kaya , Keyong Tang
The tomb mural paintings discovered in Baode County, China from the Song and Jin Dynasties provide invaluable insights into the funeral culture and daily customs at that time, making them of significant research value. In this work, a non-destructive survey of the mural paintings was conducted using multiple modern techniques. The visual inspection of the mural paintings was performed with a mobile microscope and colorimeter. The composition identification of the pigments was employed using portable X-Ray fluorescence spectrometer (XRF) and Raman spectrometer. It was revealed that the orange and black pigments were composed of minium and carbon black, respectively. Notably, the yellow pigment was found to be made of goethite, which was rarely reported in mural paintings from Shanxi Province, China. Additionally, the white pigments employed in the three mural paintings were identified as calcite and gypsum. A comprehensive evaluation on pigments was conducted, which is expected to provide a practical scientific foundation for the protection and restoration of the tomb mural paintings in Baode County, as well as necessary reference and support for the analysis of pigment components in cultural heritage.
{"title":"Non-destructive pigment analysis of mural paintings from the Song and Jin Dynasties in Baode County","authors":"Suchi Liu , Mingrui Zhang , Jie Liu , Madalina Georgiana Albu Kaya , Keyong Tang","doi":"10.1016/j.jasrep.2024.104923","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jasrep.2024.104923","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The tomb mural paintings discovered in Baode County, China from the Song and Jin Dynasties provide invaluable insights into the funeral culture and daily customs at that time, making them of significant research value. In this work, a non-destructive survey of the mural paintings was conducted using multiple modern techniques. The visual inspection of the mural paintings was performed with a mobile microscope and colorimeter. The composition identification of the pigments was employed using portable X-Ray fluorescence spectrometer (XRF) and Raman spectrometer. It was revealed that the orange and black pigments were composed of minium and carbon black, respectively. Notably, the yellow pigment was found to be made of goethite, which was rarely reported in mural paintings from Shanxi Province, China. Additionally, the white pigments employed in the three mural paintings were identified as calcite and gypsum. A comprehensive evaluation on pigments was conducted, which is expected to provide a practical scientific foundation for the protection and restoration of the tomb mural paintings in Baode County, as well as necessary reference and support for the analysis of pigment components in cultural heritage.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48150,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Archaeological Science-Reports","volume":"61 ","pages":"Article 104923"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143148087","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-02-01DOI: 10.1016/j.jasrep.2024.104927
Benjamin Audiard , Julien Monney , Marco Padovin , Thierry Blasco , Giovanna Battipaglia , Isabelle Théry-Parisot
Wood taxonomic analyses are a useful tool for reconstructing local woody environments. Typically, the palaeoecological relevance of anthracological remains is assessed through the examination of numerous wood charcoal fragments scattered in sediments, which reflect relatively long periods of occupation. Sampling is conducted through sieving or flotation to minimize collection bias, followed by interpretation based on the frequency spectrum of the taxa. However, when applied to Palaeolithic sequences, the limited taxonomic diversity, coupled with occasionally poor preservation of the charcoal, may restrict the interpretations of conventional anthracological approaches. Furthermore, certain chrono-stratigraphic contexts and the potential loss of material during sampling can complicate these studies.
In this article, we propose an alternative and complementary approach for studying charcoal from Points Cave (Upper Palaeolithic, Gard, France). Manual collection of charcoal, with recording of spatial coordinates, was supplemented by systematic sediment sieving. A combined taxonomic and isotopic analysis (δ13C) was then applied to the entire corpus. Spatial restitution of the data was subsequently performed.
This original approach enabled us to identify several distinct “isotopic sets”, defining multiple phases of successive occupation under varying climatic and environmental conditions. These chrono-environmental data allowed the targeting of additional radiocarbon dates, which validated this division. While a purely taxonomic analysis would have provided a general overview of forest composition over an extended chronological period, the combination of an adapted protocol and a multiproxy charcoal analysis allowed for an expanded discussion on a finer chronological scale.
{"title":"Spatial analysis of the isotopic signal (δ13C) of palaeolithic charcoal: A suitable tool in chrono-environmental contextualisation of Points Cave (Gard, France)","authors":"Benjamin Audiard , Julien Monney , Marco Padovin , Thierry Blasco , Giovanna Battipaglia , Isabelle Théry-Parisot","doi":"10.1016/j.jasrep.2024.104927","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jasrep.2024.104927","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Wood taxonomic analyses are a useful tool for reconstructing local woody environments. Typically, the palaeoecological relevance of anthracological remains is assessed through the examination of numerous wood charcoal fragments scattered in sediments, which reflect relatively long periods of occupation. Sampling is conducted through sieving or flotation to minimize collection bias, followed by interpretation based on the frequency spectrum of the taxa. However, when applied to Palaeolithic sequences, the limited taxonomic diversity, coupled with occasionally poor preservation of the charcoal, may restrict the interpretations of conventional anthracological approaches. Furthermore, certain chrono-stratigraphic contexts and the potential loss of material during sampling can complicate these studies.</div><div>In this article, we propose an alternative and complementary approach for studying charcoal from Points Cave (Upper Palaeolithic, Gard, France). Manual collection of charcoal, with recording of spatial coordinates, was supplemented by systematic sediment sieving. A combined taxonomic and isotopic analysis (δ<sup>13</sup>C) was then applied to the entire corpus. Spatial restitution of the data was subsequently performed.</div><div>This original approach enabled us to identify several distinct “isotopic sets”, defining multiple phases of successive occupation under varying climatic and environmental conditions. These chrono-environmental data allowed the targeting of additional radiocarbon dates, which validated this division. While a purely taxonomic analysis would have provided a general overview of forest composition over an extended chronological period, the combination of an adapted protocol and a multiproxy charcoal analysis allowed for an expanded discussion on a finer chronological scale.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48150,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Archaeological Science-Reports","volume":"61 ","pages":"Article 104927"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143148090","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-02-01DOI: 10.1016/j.jasrep.2025.104975
Yingjun Lin , Xinxin Zuo 左昕昕 , Lin Fu , Yunming Huang , Jun Yang , Weiwei Liu , Shuo Zhang , Jinqi Dai , Hui Xie , Lin Ren , Yongjun Huang , Zekai Hu
Late Neolithic cultures in the southeastern mountainous region of China were diverse and frequently interacted with surrounding areas. Understanding the emergence of agriculture and its relationship with the regional cultural background is crucial for comprehending the development of societies. This study combined detailed phytolith analysis with archaeological and historical data and examined Late Neolithic sites in the inland mountainous area of Fujian. The results revealed the presence of various rice phytoliths from the Niubishan to Maling period (5300–3800 cal BP), indicating that rice cultivation occurred in this region at least 5000 years ago. Furthermore, the earliest millet phytoliths emerged in the Upper Niubishan Culture layers 4500 years ago. These findings provide a comprehensive understanding of the agricultural development in this region. This study suggests that the emergence of rice and millet in the southeastern mountainous areas of China may be linked to interactions between prehistoric cultures in different regions. The initial emergence of rice at approximately 7500 cal BP likely spread from the lower Yangtze River along the coastal route. Between 5500 and 3500 cal BP, the gradual opening of land routes facilitated the southward dispersal of agriculture from the middle and lower Yangtze River, creating interconnected land and sea routes. This integration possibly led to the formation of a mixed rice-millet agricultural system that spread to Southeast Asia. Additionally, environmental factors, such as early to mid-Holocene sea level rise and mid to late Holocene drought, appear to have played a crucial role in the emergence and spread of agriculture in this region. Overall, These findings provide significant insights into the emergence, development, and dispersal of prehistoric agriculture and its relationship with cultural exchange and environmental changes in this region.
{"title":"Phytolith evidence of agricultural emergence and its dispersal routes in the southeastern mountain area of China","authors":"Yingjun Lin , Xinxin Zuo 左昕昕 , Lin Fu , Yunming Huang , Jun Yang , Weiwei Liu , Shuo Zhang , Jinqi Dai , Hui Xie , Lin Ren , Yongjun Huang , Zekai Hu","doi":"10.1016/j.jasrep.2025.104975","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jasrep.2025.104975","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Late Neolithic cultures in the southeastern mountainous region of China were diverse and frequently interacted with surrounding areas. Understanding the emergence of agriculture and its relationship with the regional cultural background is crucial for comprehending the development of societies. This study combined detailed phytolith analysis with archaeological and historical data and examined Late Neolithic sites in the inland mountainous area of Fujian. The results revealed the presence of various rice phytoliths from the Niubishan to Maling period (5300–3800 cal BP), indicating that rice cultivation occurred in this region at least 5000 years ago. Furthermore, the earliest millet phytoliths emerged in the Upper Niubishan Culture layers 4500 years ago. These findings provide a comprehensive understanding of the agricultural development in this region. This study suggests that the emergence of rice and millet in the southeastern mountainous areas of China may be linked to interactions between prehistoric cultures in different regions. The initial emergence of rice at approximately 7500 cal BP likely spread from the lower Yangtze River along the coastal route. Between 5500 and 3500 cal BP, the gradual opening of land routes facilitated the southward dispersal of agriculture from the middle and lower Yangtze River, creating interconnected land and sea routes. This integration possibly led to the formation of a mixed rice-millet agricultural system that spread to Southeast Asia. Additionally, environmental factors, such as early to mid-Holocene sea level rise and mid to late Holocene drought, appear to have played a crucial role in the emergence and spread of agriculture in this region. Overall, These findings provide significant insights into the emergence, development, and dispersal of prehistoric agriculture and its relationship with cultural exchange and environmental changes in this region.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48150,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Archaeological Science-Reports","volume":"61 ","pages":"Article 104975"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143148143","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-02-01DOI: 10.1016/j.jasrep.2024.104959
Rie Bloch , Niels N. Johannsen
Abstract (non-figurative) decoration is ubiquitous in human material culture, yet understanding its cultural purpose or role in specific contexts remains a key challenge for archaeology and other disciplines studying material decoration and art. Arguably, identifying basic structures in abstract decoration by applying formal methods is a useful prerequisite for proceeding to well-grounded interpretation of its role in a given cultural context. It may also inform intermediate, middle-range analyses, such as experimental work. We present a new, network-analytical method designed to identify basic structures in decoration, such as relations between decorative elements, the centrality rank of individual elements included in a given pattern or other relational structures hypothesized to be significant to the perceptual and cognitive effects of a pattern. To demonstrate its use and potential, we apply the method to pottery of the Neolithic Funnel Beaker/TRB period in southern Scandinavia (4000–2600 BCE), which exhibits elaborate abstract decoration. While most formal studies of ceramic morphology and decoration in archaeology have focused on typology and chronology, we argue that structures identified using this method can be used to explore the syntax of decorative patterns, which may reflect underlying aesthetic, ideological and social preferences. Applying network analyses to materially static patterns of decoration differs fundamentally from previous applications of formal network theory and modelling in archaeology, and faces different challenges. In addition to demonstrating the former in practice, we address the potentials and problems of this novel application and discuss its relevance in the wider study of material culture.
{"title":"Element network analysis: A method for exploring the syntax of abstract decoration on artefacts","authors":"Rie Bloch , Niels N. Johannsen","doi":"10.1016/j.jasrep.2024.104959","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jasrep.2024.104959","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Abstract (non-figurative) decoration is ubiquitous in human material culture, yet understanding its cultural purpose or role in specific contexts remains a key challenge for archaeology and other disciplines studying material decoration and art. Arguably, identifying basic structures in abstract decoration by applying formal methods is a useful prerequisite for proceeding to well-grounded interpretation of its role in a given cultural context. It may also inform intermediate, middle-range analyses, such as experimental work. We present a new, network-analytical method designed to identify basic structures in decoration, such as relations between decorative elements, the centrality rank of individual elements included in a given pattern or other relational structures hypothesized to be significant to the perceptual and cognitive effects of a pattern. To demonstrate its use and potential, we apply the method to pottery of the Neolithic Funnel Beaker/TRB period in southern Scandinavia (4000–2600 BCE), which exhibits elaborate abstract decoration. While most formal studies of ceramic morphology and decoration in archaeology have focused on typology and chronology, we argue that structures identified using this method can be used to explore the syntax of decorative patterns, which may reflect underlying aesthetic, ideological and social preferences. Applying network analyses to materially static patterns of decoration differs fundamentally from previous applications of formal network theory and modelling in archaeology, and faces different challenges. In addition to demonstrating the former in practice, we address the potentials and problems of this novel application and discuss its relevance in the wider study of material culture.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48150,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Archaeological Science-Reports","volume":"61 ","pages":"Article 104959"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143148145","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-02-01DOI: 10.1016/j.jasrep.2024.104925
Laure Dussubieux , Alison Carter , Miriam T. Stark , T.O. Pryce
We conducted Sr and Nd isotope analysis on 27 glass beads found at Angkor Borei, southern Cambodia (200 BCE-200 CE) belonging to three different glass types: m-Na-Al 1, m-Na-Ca-Al and v-Na-Ca. The m-Na-Al 1 and m-Na-Ca-Al glass types split quite similarly into two sub-groups based on their εNd signatures. High εNd values are associated with a possible Sri Lankan provenance whereas low εNd values point toward a possible eastern South Indian provenance. For both glasses, those sub-groups are correlated to specific trace element signatures and more specifically to distinct Cr and V levels. The high εNd m-Na-Al 1 and m-Na-Ca-Al glasses have low Cr and V concentrations and the low εNd m-Na-Al 1 and m-Na-Ca-Al glasses have higher Cr and V concentrations. Extrapolating these observations to all the Angkor Borei m-Na-Al 1 and m-Na-Ca-Al glass samples analyzed for elemental compositions, we were able to attribute a provenance to most of them. Most of the samples from Angkor Borei seem to come from eastern South India. The v-Na-Ca glass samples were manufactured in the Middle East but from possibly at least two different locations. For this study, we noted that the addition of manganese in glass for coloring purpose could also bring strontium and other elements that interfere with the strontium signature of the glass and also its trace element signature (including V and Cr).
{"title":"Provenance of iron Age glass types present in Southeast Asia: Strontium and neodymium isotope analysis of glass beads excavated at Angkor Borei, Cambodia","authors":"Laure Dussubieux , Alison Carter , Miriam T. Stark , T.O. Pryce","doi":"10.1016/j.jasrep.2024.104925","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jasrep.2024.104925","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We conducted Sr and Nd isotope analysis on 27 glass beads found at Angkor Borei, southern Cambodia (200 BCE-200 CE) belonging to three different glass types: m-Na-Al 1, m-Na-Ca-Al and v-Na-Ca. The m-Na-Al 1 and m-Na-Ca-Al glass types split quite similarly into two sub-groups based on their ε<sub>Nd</sub> signatures. High ε<sub>Nd</sub> values are associated with a possible Sri Lankan provenance whereas low ε<sub>Nd</sub> values point toward a possible eastern South Indian provenance. For both glasses, those sub-groups are correlated to specific trace element signatures and more specifically to distinct Cr and V levels. The high ε<sub>Nd</sub> m-Na-Al 1 and m-Na-Ca-Al glasses have low Cr and V concentrations and the low ε<sub>Nd</sub> m-Na-Al 1 and m-Na-Ca-Al glasses have higher Cr and V concentrations. Extrapolating these observations to all the Angkor Borei m-Na-Al 1 and m-Na-Ca-Al glass samples analyzed for elemental compositions, we were able to attribute a provenance to most of them. Most of the samples from Angkor Borei seem to come from eastern South India.<!--> <!-->The v-Na-Ca glass samples were manufactured in the Middle East but from possibly at least two different locations. For this study, we noted that the addition of manganese in glass for coloring purpose could also bring strontium and other elements that interfere with the strontium signature of the glass and also its trace element signature (including V and Cr).</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48150,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Archaeological Science-Reports","volume":"61 ","pages":"Article 104925"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143146981","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-02-01DOI: 10.1016/j.jasrep.2024.104968
Amir Zaribaf , Joseph W. Lehner , Scott Branting , Dominique Langis-Barsetti , Sarah J. Kelloway , Elizabeth A. Carter
The discovery of amber inlays from Kerkenes, an Iron Age settlement located in central Anatolia, represents one of the easternmost points in Anatolia where amber has been reliably retrieved from an archaeological excavation. Consequently, the provenance and transportation mechanisms involved in the procurement of these artefacts became a subject of inquiry. Utilising FTIR spectroscopy and stylistic analysis, the current study aims to answer those questions by investigating the provenance and physical conditions of the Kerkenes amber specimens. The results of spectroscopic analysis have indicated a Baltic origin for all analysed amber samples from Kerkenes. Moreover, the analysis has also hinted at the heat treatment and subsequent oxidisation of the samples. These findings, when considered alongside decades of archaeological investigations on amber in Europe, confirm that amber supply networks from the Baltic Sea to the Aegean and Black Sea regions exhibited a degree of resilience over time and/or underwent re-establishment during the period of Phrygian dominance in central Anatolia. Furthermore, a stylistic analysis of the amber and ivory inlays from the same context indicates a cultural association not only with Phrygian Gordion but also with the broader regional cultural horizons.
{"title":"Non-destructive analysis of archaeological amber from Iron Age Kerkenes in central Anatolia","authors":"Amir Zaribaf , Joseph W. Lehner , Scott Branting , Dominique Langis-Barsetti , Sarah J. Kelloway , Elizabeth A. Carter","doi":"10.1016/j.jasrep.2024.104968","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jasrep.2024.104968","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The discovery of amber inlays from Kerkenes, an Iron Age settlement located in central Anatolia, represents one of the easternmost points in Anatolia where amber has been reliably retrieved from an archaeological excavation. Consequently, the provenance and transportation mechanisms involved in the procurement of these artefacts became a subject of inquiry. Utilising FTIR spectroscopy and stylistic analysis, the current study aims to answer those questions by investigating the provenance and physical conditions of the Kerkenes amber specimens. The results of spectroscopic analysis have indicated a Baltic origin for all analysed amber samples from Kerkenes. Moreover, the analysis has also hinted at the heat treatment and subsequent oxidisation of the samples. These findings, when considered alongside decades of archaeological investigations on amber in Europe, confirm that amber supply networks from the Baltic Sea to the Aegean and Black Sea regions exhibited a degree of resilience over time and/or underwent re-establishment during the period of Phrygian dominance in central Anatolia. Furthermore, a stylistic analysis of the amber and ivory inlays from the same context indicates a cultural association not only with Phrygian Gordion but also with the broader regional cultural horizons.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48150,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Archaeological Science-Reports","volume":"61 ","pages":"Article 104968"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143147231","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-02-01DOI: 10.1016/j.jasrep.2024.104939
Maria Rosaria Marulli, Giusi Sorrentino, Marco Paggi
This work presents a multi-scale and multi-resolution digital twin model of Upper Paleolithic ground stone tools (GSTs) to simulate their tribological evolutions. The physics-based digital twin relies on a multi-scale dataset of a passive tool used in a replicative experiment, incorporating the stone macroscale 3D reconstruction and the profilometric microscale surface map. The computational model, simulating a vertical pounding action, allows the prediction of the pressure distributions and the real contact area, where surface modifications due to contact are prone to appear. It is based on the Boundary Elements Method for solving the contact problem at different scales, using the photogrammetric reconstruction of the stone surface at the macroscale and the 3D confocal scanning at the microscale. This unprecedented digital twin model links macroscale to microscale contact mechanics simulations and is validated against experimental replicas, comparing the prediction with the wear patterns observed on the passive tool’s surface.
{"title":"Multi-scale contact mechanics framework for upper palaeolithic ground stone tools","authors":"Maria Rosaria Marulli, Giusi Sorrentino, Marco Paggi","doi":"10.1016/j.jasrep.2024.104939","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jasrep.2024.104939","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This work presents a multi-scale and multi-resolution digital twin model of Upper Paleolithic ground stone tools (GSTs) to simulate their tribological evolutions. The physics-based digital twin relies on a multi-scale dataset of a passive tool used in a replicative experiment, incorporating the stone macroscale 3D reconstruction and the profilometric microscale surface map. The computational model, simulating a vertical pounding action, allows the prediction of the pressure distributions and the real contact area, where surface modifications due to contact are prone to appear. It is based on the Boundary Elements Method for solving the contact problem at different scales, using the photogrammetric reconstruction of the stone surface at the macroscale and the 3D confocal scanning at the microscale. This unprecedented digital twin model links macroscale to microscale contact mechanics simulations and is validated against experimental replicas, comparing the prediction with the wear patterns observed on the passive tool’s surface.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48150,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Archaeological Science-Reports","volume":"61 ","pages":"Article 104939"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143147427","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-02-01DOI: 10.1016/j.jasrep.2024.104966
Lucie Biehler-Gomez , Claudia Moro , Beatrice del Bo , Mirko Mattia , Lucrezia Rodella , Giorgio Manzi , Cristina Cattaneo
Entheseal changes have been traditionally considered as indicators of skeletal markers of activity and occupational stress in bioarchaeology, although many factors may influence their development including age, sex, body size, pathological conditions, and traumatic injuries. In the present study, we scored and examined entheseal robusticity of 46 entheseal sites (23 left and right) of 250 skeletons from the Anthropological Collection of the Laboratory of Forensic Anthropology and Odontology in Milan, Italy. The skeletons come from the same urban and socioeconomic context (low/middle classes in Milan) and were equally divided between males and females and archaeologically dated to five consecutive time periods spanning from Roman to contemporary era, traversing a total of about 2,000 years. Analysis of entheseal robusticity focused on three aspects: asymmetry, differences between sexes and diachronic trends. While results revealed no statistically significant disparities between left and right side, differences were found in sexes potentially related to gender division of labor. In addition, post-hoc comparisons demonstrated significant changes in mean individual scores across historical periods, with an overall increase in robusticity for both sexes. These changes are consistent with historically documented activities performed by males and females over time in Milan. Through the analysis of the degree of robusticity of entheseal sites and by engaging with historical sources, the study explores physical activity in a major European metropolis and reveals its evolution in females and males over time.
{"title":"Physical activity over 2,000 years in Milan: Using entheseal robusticity as indicator of occupational stress","authors":"Lucie Biehler-Gomez , Claudia Moro , Beatrice del Bo , Mirko Mattia , Lucrezia Rodella , Giorgio Manzi , Cristina Cattaneo","doi":"10.1016/j.jasrep.2024.104966","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jasrep.2024.104966","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Entheseal changes have been traditionally considered as indicators of skeletal markers of activity and occupational stress in bioarchaeology, although many factors may influence their development including age, sex, body size, pathological conditions, and traumatic injuries. In the present study, we scored and examined entheseal robusticity of 46 entheseal sites (23 left and right) of 250 skeletons from the Anthropological Collection of the Laboratory of Forensic Anthropology and Odontology in Milan, Italy. The skeletons come from the same urban and socioeconomic context (low/middle classes in Milan) and were equally divided between males and females and archaeologically dated to five consecutive time periods spanning from Roman to contemporary era, traversing a total of about 2,000 years. Analysis of entheseal robusticity focused on three aspects: asymmetry, differences between sexes and diachronic trends. While results revealed no statistically significant disparities between left and right side, differences were found in sexes potentially related to gender division of labor. In addition, post-hoc comparisons demonstrated significant changes in mean individual scores across historical periods, with an overall increase in robusticity for both sexes. These changes are consistent with historically documented activities performed by males and females over time in Milan. Through the analysis of the degree of robusticity of entheseal sites and by engaging with historical sources, the study explores physical activity in a major European metropolis and reveals its evolution in females and males over time.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48150,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Archaeological Science-Reports","volume":"61 ","pages":"Article 104966"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143148071","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-02-01DOI: 10.1016/j.jasrep.2024.104899
Peter E. Siegel , Simon F. Mitchell , Jeffrey R. Ferguson , Vanessa Glaser , Alan R. Hastie , Ulrich Schwarz Schampera , Zachary J.M. Beier , Simon Goldmann , Stephan Kaufhold , Dennis Kraemer , Selvenious A. Walters , Ann-Marie T.S. Howard-Brown , Matthew L. Gorring , Sherene A. James-Williamson , Gregory A. Pope , Kristian Ufer
White Marl is the largest, most intensively inhabited late-precolonial site documented to date for Jamaica. Its size and structural organization suggests that it functioned as a major sociopolitical/economic hub among the increasingly complex chiefdoms in the Greater Antilles. The White Marl artifact assemblage is dominated by massive quantities of ceramics. To address the origin(s) of materials from which White Marl pottery was produced, geochemical and petrographic analyses were conducted on samples of ceramics and nearby sediments. Geochemical and petrographic data were used to constrain the provenance of the pottery using a source-to-sink model. We show that the sediments in the Rio Cobre adjacent to the site originated from the nearby Above Rocks Inlier and that most of the pottery was sourced from these sediments (two geochemical pottery groups). A third pottery group has a distinctive geochemistry from a location outside of the Rio Cobre drainage. Thin sections demonstrate that a recipe of 60% clay and 40% temper was consistently followed in pottery manufacture. Multielement plots are used to distinguish sources and principal component analyses to characterize and link sediments to pottery groups. Integrating geochemical and petrographic analyses of raw sediment and pottery samples in a source-to-sink framework is a powerful way to reconstruct ceramic production strategies and trade-and-exchange networks.
{"title":"Source to sink in precolonial Jamaica: Tracing geochemistry and mineralogy from the rocks to the pots in understanding White Marl pottery production and exchange","authors":"Peter E. Siegel , Simon F. Mitchell , Jeffrey R. Ferguson , Vanessa Glaser , Alan R. Hastie , Ulrich Schwarz Schampera , Zachary J.M. Beier , Simon Goldmann , Stephan Kaufhold , Dennis Kraemer , Selvenious A. Walters , Ann-Marie T.S. Howard-Brown , Matthew L. Gorring , Sherene A. James-Williamson , Gregory A. Pope , Kristian Ufer","doi":"10.1016/j.jasrep.2024.104899","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jasrep.2024.104899","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>White Marl is the largest, most intensively inhabited late-precolonial site documented to date for Jamaica. Its size and structural organization suggests that it functioned as a major sociopolitical/economic hub among the increasingly complex chiefdoms in the Greater Antilles. The White Marl artifact assemblage is dominated by massive quantities of ceramics. To address the origin(s) of materials from which White Marl pottery was produced, geochemical and petrographic analyses were conducted on samples of ceramics and nearby sediments. Geochemical and petrographic data were used to constrain the provenance of the pottery using a source-to-sink model. We show that the sediments in the Rio Cobre adjacent to the site originated from the nearby Above Rocks Inlier and that most of the pottery was sourced from these sediments (two geochemical pottery groups). A third pottery group has a distinctive geochemistry from a location outside of the Rio Cobre drainage. Thin sections demonstrate that a recipe of 60% clay and 40% temper was consistently followed in pottery manufacture. Multielement plots are used to distinguish sources and principal component analyses to characterize and link sediments to pottery groups. Integrating geochemical and petrographic analyses of raw sediment and pottery samples in a source-to-sink framework is a powerful way to reconstruct ceramic production strategies and trade-and-exchange networks.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48150,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Archaeological Science-Reports","volume":"61 ","pages":"Article 104899"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143148086","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：
京公网安备 11010802042870号