Journal of Archaeological Science-Reports最新文献_第3页

Provenance and first technological insights of African amphorae from the Roman Forum of Cumae, Southern Italy 意大利南部库迈罗马广场非洲双耳罐的来源和首次技术见解

IF 1.5 2区历史学 0 ARCHAEOLOGY

Journal of Archaeological Science-Reports

Pub Date : 2026-01-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.jasrep.2026.105582

Michela Scanu , Filippo Barattolo , Carmela Capaldi , Antonella Ciotola , Francesco D’Uva , Vincenzo Morra , Maria Verde , Alberto De Bonis

The aim of this work is to define the provenance and the production technology of nineteen samples of African Amphorae found in the forum of the ancient Cumae in the Bay of Naples.

These materials were used to transport goods from the North Africa, where several regions were involved in the amphora production, including the Zeugitania and Byzacena (S Tunisia), Tripolitania (S Tunisia/W Libya), and Mauretania Caesarensis (between Morocco and Algeria).

The archaeometric investigation was performed via mineralogical-petrographic techniques. Polarized light microscopy (PLM) highlights two different groups of samples and some outliers according to their petrographic composition, which shows affinity with the geological features of the supposed area of production. X-ray powder diffraction (XRPD) revealed that quartz is the prevalent mineralogical phase along with calcite, feldspar, hematite, sporadic mica, and neoformed Ca-silicates that provided useful information about the EFTs (Equivalent Firing Temperatures) estimation. Confirmed by the FESEM analysis as well.

The chemical analysis via X-ray fluorescence (XRF) shows that most samples have a high concentration of CaO (>6 wt.%) and comparison with literature data show that they are linked to the Tunisian area.

Thanks to the comparison with reference data of archaeological samples from North African productive centers (such as kiln refuses, large number of fragments of the same ceramic class, mainly from the Tunisian coasts) and local geological features, each group of samples can be ascribed to a specific atelier.

这项工作的目的是确定19个在那不勒斯湾古库马广场发现的非洲双耳瓶样品的来源和生产技术。这些材料被用来运输来自北非的货物，那里有几个地区参与了双耳罐的生产，包括扎吉塔尼亚和拜占庭塞纳（突尼斯南部）、的黎波里塔尼亚（突尼斯南部/利比亚西部）和毛里塔尼亚（摩洛哥和阿尔及利亚之间）。考古调查是通过矿物学-岩石学技术进行的。偏振光显微镜（PLM）根据样品的岩石组成突出显示出两组不同的样品和一些异常值，这表明它们与假定生产区域的地质特征密切相关。x射线粉末衍射（XRPD）显示石英是主要的矿物相，方解石、长石、赤铁矿、零星云母和新形成的钙硅酸盐也为等效燃烧温度的估算提供了有用的信息。FESEM分析也证实了这一点。通过x射线荧光（XRF）进行的化学分析表明，大多数样品具有高浓度的CaO (>6 wt.%)，与文献数据比较表明，它们与突尼斯地区有关。通过与北非生产中心的考古样本的参考数据（如窑渣、大量同一陶瓷类别的碎片，主要来自突尼斯海岸）和当地的地质特征进行比较，每组样本都可以归因于特定的工作室。

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引用次数: 0

Ceramic technology used in the cast iron industry during the Han dynasty: A case study of the Qigucheng Site, Linzi, Shandong, China 汉代铸铁工业中使用的陶瓷技术：以中国山东临淄七谷城遗址为例

IF 1.5 2区历史学 0 ARCHAEOLOGY

Journal of Archaeological Science-Reports

Pub Date : 2026-01-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.jasrep.2026.105594

Haifeng Liu , Tingting Ma , Hongli Chen , Guisen Zou , Wei Qian , Jianli Chen

From the Western Zhou to the Han Dynasty, the Qigucheng Site was an important centre in eastern Shandong. This site contains a rich collection of long-lasting cast iron and ceramic industrial remains from the Han Dynasty. Although researchers have gained a comprehensive understanding of ancient Chinese ironmaking technology, such work has mainly focused on iron artifacts and slag, with few studies examining the ironmaking furnace itself, which includes facilities for smelting, melting, forging iron, and other high-temperature processes for heat treatment. Research exploring the origins and development of China’s unique cast iron smelting technology through the analysis of furnace wall materials has not been fully carried out. To address this gap, this study used petrographic analysis and chemical analyses to investigate the cast iron production-related ceramic materials in the Han dynasty through archaeological excavation and scientific analyses, and revealed the possible material and technological connections between metallurgical and ceramic industries at that time. The findings suggest that craftsmen at the time had mature technical choices for metallurgical ceramics. Further, despite variations in functional properties, metallurgical ceramics might share a common geological origin, as indicated by the consistent mineral composition of clay matrix and quartz silt across samples, indicating that different categories of technical ceramics may have shared technological practices.

从西周到汉代，祁古城遗址是山东东部的一个重要中心。这个遗址包含了大量汉代的铸铁和陶瓷工业遗迹。尽管研究人员对中国古代炼铁技术有了全面的了解，但这些工作主要集中在铁制品和炉渣上，很少有研究对炼铁炉本身进行研究，包括冶炼、熔化、锻造铁和其他高温热处理过程的设施。通过对炉壁材料的分析来探索中国独特的铸铁冶炼技术的起源和发展的研究尚未充分开展。为了弥补这一空白，本研究通过考古发掘和科学分析，采用岩相分析和化学分析的方法，对汉代与铸铁生产有关的陶瓷材料进行了研究，揭示了当时冶金工业与陶瓷工业之间可能存在的物质和技术联系。研究结果表明，当时的工匠对冶金陶瓷有成熟的技术选择。此外，尽管功能特性有所不同，但冶金陶瓷可能具有共同的地质起源，正如样品中粘土基质和石英粉的矿物组成一致所表明的那样，这表明不同类别的技术陶瓷可能具有共同的技术实践。

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引用次数: 0

Continuity of Millet-Dominated Farming: Archaeobotanical evidence of Han Dynasty at Lajia Site, Northeastern Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau 以谷子为主要耕作方式的延续：青藏高原东北部喇家遗址汉代植物考古证据

IF 1.5 2区历史学 0 ARCHAEOLOGY

Journal of Archaeological Science-Reports

Pub Date : 2026-01-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.jasrep.2026.105571

Fei Han , Jixiang Song , Zhanwei Du , Dan Zhao , Mengzhou Yu , Qianqian Wang , Wei Du , Qian Ma , Qiang Zhen , Liqun Bai

The Northeastern Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau (NETP) represents a critical zone for understanding agricultural adaptation in China. However, while archaeological research has significantly advanced our knowledge of prehistoric farming systems in this region, the agricultural practices during the historically pivotal Han Dynasty remain poorly understood due to a scarcity of archaeobotanical data. This paper presents new systematic evidence from the Han-period deposits at the Lajia site, revealing its agricultural economy dominated by millet crops, complemented by barley, wheat and minimal soybean. The flotation results demonstrate that this millet-based system represents the continuation of a long-standing local tradition. Its persistence is interpreted as the outcome of both external drivers and internal societal choices. Crucially, this millet-dominated subsistence strategy contrasts with contemporary barley/wheat-dominated regimes of most parts of northwest China.

青藏高原东北部是了解中国农业适应性的关键区域。然而，尽管考古研究大大提高了我们对该地区史前农业系统的认识，但由于考古植物学数据的缺乏，我们对历史上关键的汉代的农业实践仍然知之甚少。本文介绍了喇家遗址汉代沉积的新的系统证据，揭示了喇家遗址的农业经济以谷子为主，大麦、小麦为辅，少量大豆。浮选结果表明，这种以小米为基础的系统代表了当地长期传统的延续。它的持续存在被解释为外部驱动因素和内部社会选择的结果。至关重要的是，这种以小米为主导的生存策略与当代中国西北大部分地区以大麦/小麦为主导的制度形成了鲜明对比。

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引用次数: 0

First archaeobotanical evidence of bruchid beetle infestation of Vachellia seeds from the Christian site of Banganarti, Sudan 第一个考古植物学证据，证明在苏丹班加纳蒂的基督教遗址发现了毛茛甲虫侵染瓦切利亚种子的证据

IF 1.5 2区历史学 0 ARCHAEOLOGY

Journal of Archaeological Science-Reports

Pub Date : 2026-01-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.jasrep.2026.105591

Hamad Mohamed Hamdeen , Karolina Resnerová , Maha A. Kordofani , Michał Dzik , Jakub Dušek , Alena Říhová

In this study, we present the first archaeobotanical evidence for bruchid beetle (Chrysomelidae: Bruchinae) infestation of Vachellia trees from the Christian site at Banganarti, located on the right bank of the Nile in Northern Sudan. Since 2019, extensive systematic archaeobotanical sampling has been conducted in the NECH and SSCH sectors of the site. A total of 63 soil samples were collected, subjected to flotation, and sieved using 2.0 and 0.5 mm mesh sizes. Subsequent processing and identification were performed using light microscopy, multidetector computed tomography (CT), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Identification, based on anatomical and morphological comparisons with reference collections, revealed a diverse assemblage of domesticated and wild plants. In two selected Vachellia seed samples, BA-19 P211 and BA-19-P113, CT and SEM analyses revealed characteristic internal features indicative of bruchid beetle infestation. Infestation traces were observed in a total of eight seeds of V. nilotica and six seeds of V. tortilis. Two of the best-preserved specimens from each species were selected for SEM imaging. The scans provided evidence of larval tunnels and internal boreholes, confirming bruchid larval development within the seed coat and subsequent emergence via perforation of the seed surface. These findings extend the record of insect–plant interactions in Sub-Saharan Africa and highlight their implications for human–plant relationships during the Christian period.

在这项研究中，我们提出了第一个考古植物学证据，证明在位于苏丹北部尼罗河右岸的Banganarti基督教遗址的Vachellia树中有bruchid甲虫（金龟子科：bruchia科）侵染。自2019年以来，在该遗址的NECH和SSCH部分进行了广泛系统的考古植物学采样。共收集63份土壤样品，进行浮选，并使用2.0和0.5 mm的筛孔尺寸进行筛选。随后的处理和鉴定使用光学显微镜、多探测器计算机断层扫描（CT）和扫描电子显微镜（SEM）进行。根据与参考资料的解剖和形态比较，鉴定显示驯化和野生植物的组合多样化。在选取的BA-19 P211和BA-19- p113两个Vachellia种子样本中，CT和SEM分析显示了表明糙皮甲虫侵染的特征性内部特征。共有8个nilotica种子和6个tortilis种子被侵染。从每个物种中选择两个保存最好的标本进行扫描电镜成像。扫描结果提供了幼虫通道和内部钻孔的证据，证实了在种皮内发育的粗口幼虫，随后通过种子表面穿孔出现。这些发现扩展了撒哈拉以南非洲昆虫与植物相互作用的记录，并强调了它们对基督教时期人类与植物关系的影响。

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引用次数: 0

Pottery production, cultural interaction, and technological evolution: a multi-method analysis of the Xueshan pottery assemblage from Neolithic Northern China 陶器生产、文化互动和技术演变：中国北方新石器时代雪山陶器组合的多方法分析

IF 1.5 2区历史学 0 ARCHAEOLOGY

Journal of Archaeological Science-Reports

Pub Date : 2026-01-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.jasrep.2026.105596

Mengtong Zhang , Tao Wang , Jincheng Yu

The discovery of Xueshan phase I and Phase II cultures excavated from the Changping Xueshan site in Beijing is significant for a deeper understanding of the cultural pattern of the late Neolithic period in North China and its interactions with surrounding regions. However, since only a brief summary of the site has been published, it is still poorly understood. To gain deeper insights into the pottery production and cultural interactions of the late Neolithic period in North China, we conducted a multidisciplinary study of the pottery unearthed from the site. Using X-ray Fluorescence Spectroscopy (XRF) and X-ray Diffraction (XRD) techniques, combined with the pottery making technology analysis, this study investigated the production techniques and cultural exchanges of the pottery artifacts excavated from the Xueshan site. The spectroscopic analysis results indicate that the choice of pottery raw materials for both coarse-paste and fine-paste pottery in the two phases of the Xueshan site is not significantly different, suggesting a common source. However, the talc-tempered pottery, which is frequently found in Phase I, appears to have been subject to special selection. The pottery making technology analysis shows that the pottery manufacturing techniques of Xueshan Phase Ⅱ culture are clearly more advanced than those of Xueshan Phase Ⅰ culture, reflecting the development of manual production technology over time. In combination with the chemical composition data, the pottery also reveals characteristics associated with neighboring cultures, reflecting the cultural exchanges that occurred during that period.

北京昌平雪山遗址出土的雪山一期和二期文化，对于深入了解华北地区新石器时代晚期的文化格局及其与周边地区的相互作用具有重要意义。然而，由于只发布了该网站的简短摘要，人们对它的了解仍然很少。为了更深入地了解中国北方新石器时代晚期的陶器生产和文化互动，我们对该遗址出土的陶器进行了多学科研究。利用x射线荧光光谱（XRF）和x射线衍射（XRD）技术，结合制陶工艺分析，对雪山遗址出土陶器的制作工艺和文化交流进行了研究。光谱分析结果表明，雪山遗址两期粗膏陶和细膏陶的制陶原料选择没有显著差异，表明其来源相同。然而，在第一阶段经常发现的滑石回火陶器似乎是经过特殊选择的。制陶技术分析表明，雪山期Ⅱ文化的制陶技术明显比雪山期Ⅰ文化先进，反映了手工制作技术的发展。结合化学成分数据，陶器还揭示了与邻近文化相关的特征，反映了那个时期发生的文化交流。

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引用次数: 0

Shifting foodways in Central Anatolia: A millenium of macrolithic artefacts at Tepecik-Çiftlik (6800/6700–5800/5700 cal BCE) 安纳托利亚中部食物方式的变化：泰佩西克-Çiftlik（公元前6800/6700-5800/5700 cal BCE）一千年的宏观石器制品

IF 1.5 2区历史学 0 ARCHAEOLOGY

Journal of Archaeological Science-Reports

Pub Date : 2026-01-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.jasrep.2026.105575

Jaroslav Řídký , Daniel Pilař , Kristina Doležalová , Aleš Bajer , Yasin Gökhan Çakan

Central Anatolia played an important role in the process of the Neolithization of Southwest Asia and Europe. Its diverse landscape offers a wealth of natural and raw material resources, as evidenced by several long-term researched Neolithic sites. One of the key sites of this period is Tepecik-Çiftlik, where the same area was used for settlement for a thousand years. Previous results of element and isotopic analysis of numerous human bones suggest changing trends in the dietary habits of Neolithic communities on various construction-chronological levels of the site. Using morphometry, use-wear analysis and statistical methods, the aim of this study was to determine whether these trends are also reflected in the composition of macrolithic artefacts, a significant portion of which are related to food preparation. The assemblage divided into nine morphometric classes and especially into paired sets – lower and upper stones, mortars and pestles – proves considerable variability in quantity and preservation across the three best preserved levels designated as Level 2, 3, and 5/4. Improvements in the quantity and shape variability of the paired sets used for grinding-milling and pounding are most noticeable in Late Neolithic Level 3, where diverse analyses in human bones suggest an increased consumption of plants. Three other similarly rich Neolithic assemblages from the Anatolian Peninsula were compared in order to determine whether identical shapes and dimensions of ‘typical Neolithic’ food preparation tools could be confirmed during this important period, when domesticated resources began to be widely used. The results show various tool compositions at different sites.

安纳托利亚中部在西南亚和欧洲新石器化过程中发挥了重要作用。其多样的景观提供了丰富的自然和原材料资源，几个长期研究的新石器时代遗址证明了这一点。这一时期的重要遗址之一是Tepecik-Çiftlik，在那里，同一地区被用作定居点长达一千年。先前对许多人类骨骼进行的元素和同位素分析结果表明，在该遗址不同的建筑年代水平上，新石器时代社区饮食习惯的变化趋势。利用形态计量学、使用磨损分析和统计方法，本研究的目的是确定这些趋势是否也反映在宏观石器文物的组成中，其中很大一部分与食物制备有关。该组合分为9个形态测量类，特别是成对的组合-下层和上层石头，臼和杵-证明了数量和保存在三个保存最好的级别上的相当大的变化，即2级，3级和5/4级。在新石器时代晚期的第3阶段，用于研磨和敲打的配对组的数量和形状可变性的改进最为明显，对人类骨骼的各种分析表明，植物的消耗增加了。研究人员比较了来自安纳托利亚半岛的另外三个类似的丰富的新石器时代组合，以确定在这一重要时期，驯化资源开始被广泛使用，是否可以证实“典型的新石器时代”食物制备工具的形状和尺寸相同。结果表明，不同地点的工具成分不同。

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引用次数: 0

Feces, fragrance and medicine chemical evidence of ancient therapeutics in a Roman unguentarium 罗马墓室中古代疗法的粪便、香味和药物化学证据

IF 1.5 2区历史学 0 ARCHAEOLOGY

Journal of Archaeological Science-Reports

Pub Date : 2026-01-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.jasrep.2026.105589

Cenker Atila , İlker Demirbolat , Rana Babaç Çelebi

Fecal-based pharmacological treatments are widely attested in Greco-Roman medical texts, yet no direct chemical evidence has until now supported their practical application. This study presents the first molecular confirmation of such practices through GC–MS/FID analysis of organic residues from a Roman glass unguentarium (artifact no. 4027) excavated in Pergamon, a major center of Roman medicine. The vessel’s contents revealed a distinctive blend of human fecal biomarkers (including coprostanol and 24-ethylcoprostanol) and aromatic compounds such as carvacrol, a major constituent of thyme oil. These results align with classical prescriptions that combined dung with odor-masking agents to enhance patient compliance −practices noted in the works of Galen, Dioscorides, and Pliny the Elder.

By integrating archaeometric analysis with historical and philological research, the study reframes Roman unguentaria as vehicles not only for cosmetics, but also for socially managed therapeutic substances. The findings contribute critical empirical support for the pharmacological use of excrement in antiquity and offer a replicable interdisciplinary model for investigating ancient medicine. In light of contemporary interest in microbiome-based therapies, this evidence also prompts a reconsideration of early traditions once dismissed as marginal or irrational.

以粪便为基础的药理学治疗在希腊罗马医学文献中得到广泛证实，但直到现在还没有直接的化学证据支持其实际应用。本研究首次通过GC-MS /FID分析了罗马玻璃瓮（人工制品号no. 1）的有机残留物，证实了这种做法。公元4027年在罗马主要医学中心佩加蒙出土的。该容器的内容物显示了一种独特的人类粪便生物标志物（包括粪前列醇和24-乙基粪前列醇）和芳香族化合物（如香芹酚，百里香油的主要成分）的混合物。这些结果与经典处方相一致，这些处方将粪便与气味掩蔽剂结合起来，以提高患者的依从性——盖伦、迪奥斯科里德斯和老普林尼的作品中提到的做法。通过将考古分析与历史和语言学研究相结合，该研究将罗马龙葵重新定义为不仅是化妆品的载体，而且是社会管理的治疗物质。这些发现为古代粪便的药理作用提供了关键的经验支持，并为研究古代医学提供了一个可复制的跨学科模型。鉴于当代对基于微生物组的疗法的兴趣，这一证据也促使人们重新考虑曾经被视为边缘或非理性的早期传统。

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引用次数: 0

The development of early polychrome porcelain in China under microstructural view 显微结构视野下中国早期彩瓷的发展

IF 1.5 2区历史学 0 ARCHAEOLOGY

Journal of Archaeological Science-Reports

Pub Date : 2026-01-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.jasrep.2026.105587

Siwen Xu , Renfang Wang , Jingjing Cui , Yimin Yang

Polychrome porcelain appeared in China about 1700 years ago; however, the decoration techniques of early polychrome porcelains remain unclear, and the underlying physics and chemistry are still poorly understood. A representative example is Diancai celadon, a type of celadon with brown spot decorations that marks the earliest phase of Chinese polychrome porcelain from the 3rd century CE. Subsequent productions at Changsha kiln and other sites developed much richer polychrome decorations, motivating the exploration of the inheritance and development of the polychrome porcelain craftsmanship. In this study, Diancai celadons were characterized microscopically. It is firstly reported that the inglaze technique was used for brown decorations. The interface between the liquid pigment phase and porous unfired glaze phase resulted in a coffee-ring effect on the surface of some samples. The light brown region formed by this effect contains ε-Fe₂O₃, here identified as the earliest known artificially synthesized occurrence of ε-Fe₂O₃. The technological parallels between the inglaze brown decorations of early Diancai wares and later Changsha kiln wares offers valuable insights into the inter-regional inheritance and evolution of ceramic production.

彩瓷大约在1700年前出现在中国；然而，早期多彩瓷的装饰技术仍不清楚，其潜在的物理和化学仍然知之甚少。典型的例子是滇彩青瓷，一种带有棕色斑点装饰的青瓷，标志着公元3世纪中国彩瓷的最早阶段。长沙窑和其他窑址的后续生产发展了更丰富的彩绘装饰，推动了对彩绘陶瓷工艺传承和发展的探索。本研究对滇彩青瓷进行了显微表征。这是首次报道将釉料技术用于棕色装饰。液态颜料相与多孔未烧制釉相之间的界面导致部分样品表面出现咖啡环效应。这一作用形成的浅棕色区域含有ε-Fe2O3，这是已知最早的人工合成的ε-Fe2O3产状。早期电彩器物与后来长沙窑器物釉面棕色装饰在技术上的相似之处，为陶瓷生产的跨区域传承和演变提供了宝贵的见解。

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引用次数: 0

“From blue to red: first evidence of heat treatment in the production of Minoan serpentinite vases through non-invasive study and experimental petrology” “从蓝色到红色：通过非侵入性研究和实验岩石学发现米诺斯蛇纹岩花瓶生产过程中热处理的第一个证据”

IF 1.5 2区历史学 0 ARCHAEOLOGY

Journal of Archaeological Science-Reports

Pub Date : 2026-01-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.jasrep.2025.105557

Killian Regnier , Antoine Triantafyllou , Jean-Philippe Perrillat , Charlotte Langohr , Gilles Montagnac , Clémentine Fellah , Jérôme Bascou , Anne-Christine Da Silva

The intentional heat treatment of stone to alter its appearance remains a largely understudied practice in archaeology, and its identification in the archaeological record is often challenging. By combining portable and non-invasive X-ray fluorescence (pXRF) and magnetic susceptibility (pMS) analyses with controlled heating experiments on local serpentinite used in Minoan (Bronze Age Crete) contexts, this study presents the first documented evidence of intentional heating in the production of stone vases. It also proposes a replicable analytical framework broadly applicable, yet particularly suited to ultramafic lithologies. It focuses on a unique assemblage from the late Protopalatial period at Quartier Mu, Malia (Crete, 1800–1700 BCE), where twenty-five serpentinite vases exhibit a distinct red coloration.

Macro-petrographic observations and pXRF analyses confirm that the red vases consist of serpentinite and show no trace of added pigments. pMS values are significantly lower in the red serpentinite vases than in the blueish (unheated) ones, which is consistent with the effect of heating samples of Cretan serpentinite in our experimental results. In our high-temperature heating experiments, the red coloration is driven by the natural transformation of magnetite into low-magnetic iron oxides at temperatures above 700 °C under oxidising conditions. The application of this thermal threshold, combined with contextual evidence showing no signs of large-scale burning, allows us to reject the hypothesis of accidental firing.

These findings provide new insights into Minoan stone-vase production, identifying heat treatment as a deliberate technological choice at Quartier Mu. More broadly, the methodology illustrates how experimental petrology and non-invasive techniques can together highlight ancient heat-related practices while preserving the artifacts.

在考古学中，故意对石头进行热处理以改变其外观的做法在很大程度上仍未得到充分研究，而且在考古记录中对其进行鉴定往往具有挑战性。通过将便携式和非侵入性x射线荧光（pXRF）和磁化率（pMS）分析与米诺斯（青铜时代克里特岛）环境中使用的当地蛇纹岩的受控加热实验相结合，本研究首次提出了在石花瓶生产中故意加热的文献证据。它还提出了一个可复制的分析框架，广泛适用，但特别适合超镁质岩性。它的重点是来自玛丽亚（克里特岛，公元前1800-1700年）的穆区（Quartier Mu）原始时期晚期的独特组合，其中25个蛇纹岩花瓶呈现出明显的红色。宏观岩石学观察和pXRF分析证实，红色花瓶由蛇纹岩组成，没有显示添加色素的痕迹。红色蛇纹石花瓶的pMS值明显低于蓝色（未加热）花瓶，这与我们实验结果中加热克里特岛蛇纹石样品的效果一致。在我们的高温加热实验中，红色是由磁铁矿在氧化条件下在700°C以上的温度下自然转化为低磁性氧化铁所驱动的。这个热阈值的应用，结合上下文证据显示没有大规模燃烧的迹象，使我们能够拒绝意外射击的假设。这些发现为米诺斯石花瓶的生产提供了新的见解，确定了热处理是穆区故意的技术选择。更广泛地说，该方法说明了实验岩石学和非侵入性技术如何在保护文物的同时突出古代与热有关的实践。

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引用次数: 0

A semi-quantitative archaeothermometer based on feldspar and volcanic glass compositions in ancient ceramics from the Kibi region, Japan 基于日本Kibi地区古代陶瓷中长石和火山玻璃成分的半定量考古温度计

IF 1.5 2区历史学 0 ARCHAEOLOGY

Journal of Archaeological Science-Reports

Pub Date : 2026-01-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.jasrep.2026.105566

Toshio Nozaka , Naoya Ohbayashi , Yuki Toda , Taiji Anami , Kanako Sugiura , Takahiro Nozaki , Osamu Kimura , Naoko Matsumoto , Akira Seike

In this study, we analyzed the chemical compositions of feldspar and volcanic glass clasts in haniwa from kofuns and Sue ware from the Sabukaze kiln site, both in the Kibi region, southwestern Japan, to estimate the thermal conditions of ceramic firing in the 5th–8th centuries CE. Based on the coexistence of molten and unmolten feldspar rims, the solidus temperatures were estimated at ∼ 1050°C–1150°C for haniwa and ∼ 1150°C–1200°C for Sue ware. Volcanic glass compositions changed systematically during firing, showing increases in K₂O and decreases in Na₂O. From these observations, we propose a semi-quantitative archaeothermometer using variations in the K/Na molar ratio of volcanic glass within a ceramic matrix. This approach can be applied to investigate the development of kiln-firing in the Kibi region, the existence of haniwa potters employing different firing methods, variation in heat input for producing Sue vessels of differing sizes or functions, and temperature-controlled practices in Sue ware production.

在这项研究中，我们分析了来自日本西南部Kibi地区Sabukaze窑遗址的kofuns和Sue窑遗址的长石和火山玻璃碎屑的化学成分，以估计公元5 - 8世纪陶瓷烧制的热条件。基于熔融长石和未熔融长石边缘的共存，估计haniwa的固相温度为~ 1050°C - 1150°C， Sue ware的固相温度为~ 1150°C - 1200°C。火山玻璃的组成在烧制过程中发生了系统的变化，表现为K2O的增加和Na2O的减少。根据这些观察，我们提出了一种半定量的考古温度计，使用陶瓷基体中火山玻璃的K/Na摩尔比的变化。这种方法可以应用于研究Kibi地区窑烧的发展，使用不同烧制方法的haniwa陶工的存在，生产不同尺寸或功能的苏容器的热量输入的变化，以及苏器生产中的温度控制实践。

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引用次数: 0