Journal of Archaeological Science-Reports最新文献_第4页

“From blue to red: first evidence of heat treatment in the production of Minoan serpentinite vases through non-invasive study and experimental petrology” “从蓝色到红色：通过非侵入性研究和实验岩石学发现米诺斯蛇纹岩花瓶生产过程中热处理的第一个证据”

IF 1.5 2区历史学 0 ARCHAEOLOGY

Journal of Archaeological Science-Reports

Pub Date : 2026-04-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.jasrep.2025.105557

Killian Regnier , Antoine Triantafyllou , Jean-Philippe Perrillat , Charlotte Langohr , Gilles Montagnac , Clémentine Fellah , Jérôme Bascou , Anne-Christine Da Silva

The intentional heat treatment of stone to alter its appearance remains a largely understudied practice in archaeology, and its identification in the archaeological record is often challenging. By combining portable and non-invasive X-ray fluorescence (pXRF) and magnetic susceptibility (pMS) analyses with controlled heating experiments on local serpentinite used in Minoan (Bronze Age Crete) contexts, this study presents the first documented evidence of intentional heating in the production of stone vases. It also proposes a replicable analytical framework broadly applicable, yet particularly suited to ultramafic lithologies. It focuses on a unique assemblage from the late Protopalatial period at Quartier Mu, Malia (Crete, 1800–1700 BCE), where twenty-five serpentinite vases exhibit a distinct red coloration.

Macro-petrographic observations and pXRF analyses confirm that the red vases consist of serpentinite and show no trace of added pigments. pMS values are significantly lower in the red serpentinite vases than in the blueish (unheated) ones, which is consistent with the effect of heating samples of Cretan serpentinite in our experimental results. In our high-temperature heating experiments, the red coloration is driven by the natural transformation of magnetite into low-magnetic iron oxides at temperatures above 700 °C under oxidising conditions. The application of this thermal threshold, combined with contextual evidence showing no signs of large-scale burning, allows us to reject the hypothesis of accidental firing.

These findings provide new insights into Minoan stone-vase production, identifying heat treatment as a deliberate technological choice at Quartier Mu. More broadly, the methodology illustrates how experimental petrology and non-invasive techniques can together highlight ancient heat-related practices while preserving the artifacts.

在考古学中，故意对石头进行热处理以改变其外观的做法在很大程度上仍未得到充分研究，而且在考古记录中对其进行鉴定往往具有挑战性。通过将便携式和非侵入性x射线荧光（pXRF）和磁化率（pMS）分析与米诺斯（青铜时代克里特岛）环境中使用的当地蛇纹岩的受控加热实验相结合，本研究首次提出了在石花瓶生产中故意加热的文献证据。它还提出了一个可复制的分析框架，广泛适用，但特别适合超镁质岩性。它的重点是来自玛丽亚（克里特岛，公元前1800-1700年）的穆区（Quartier Mu）原始时期晚期的独特组合，其中25个蛇纹岩花瓶呈现出明显的红色。宏观岩石学观察和pXRF分析证实，红色花瓶由蛇纹岩组成，没有显示添加色素的痕迹。红色蛇纹石花瓶的pMS值明显低于蓝色（未加热）花瓶，这与我们实验结果中加热克里特岛蛇纹石样品的效果一致。在我们的高温加热实验中，红色是由磁铁矿在氧化条件下在700°C以上的温度下自然转化为低磁性氧化铁所驱动的。这个热阈值的应用，结合上下文证据显示没有大规模燃烧的迹象，使我们能够拒绝意外射击的假设。这些发现为米诺斯石花瓶的生产提供了新的见解，确定了热处理是穆区故意的技术选择。更广泛地说，该方法说明了实验岩石学和非侵入性技术如何在保护文物的同时突出古代与热有关的实践。

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引用次数: 0

First archaeobotanical evidence of bruchid beetle infestation of Vachellia seeds from the Christian site of Banganarti, Sudan 第一个考古植物学证据，证明在苏丹班加纳蒂的基督教遗址发现了毛茛甲虫侵染瓦切利亚种子的证据

IF 1.5 2区历史学 0 ARCHAEOLOGY

Journal of Archaeological Science-Reports

Pub Date : 2026-04-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.jasrep.2026.105591

Hamad Mohamed Hamdeen , Karolina Resnerová , Maha A. Kordofani , Michał Dzik , Jakub Dušek , Alena Říhová

In this study, we present the first archaeobotanical evidence for bruchid beetle (Chrysomelidae: Bruchinae) infestation of Vachellia trees from the Christian site at Banganarti, located on the right bank of the Nile in Northern Sudan. Since 2019, extensive systematic archaeobotanical sampling has been conducted in the NECH and SSCH sectors of the site. A total of 63 soil samples were collected, subjected to flotation, and sieved using 2.0 and 0.5 mm mesh sizes. Subsequent processing and identification were performed using light microscopy, multidetector computed tomography (CT), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Identification, based on anatomical and morphological comparisons with reference collections, revealed a diverse assemblage of domesticated and wild plants. In two selected Vachellia seed samples, BA-19 P211 and BA-19-P113, CT and SEM analyses revealed characteristic internal features indicative of bruchid beetle infestation. Infestation traces were observed in a total of eight seeds of V. nilotica and six seeds of V. tortilis. Two of the best-preserved specimens from each species were selected for SEM imaging. The scans provided evidence of larval tunnels and internal boreholes, confirming bruchid larval development within the seed coat and subsequent emergence via perforation of the seed surface. These findings extend the record of insect–plant interactions in Sub-Saharan Africa and highlight their implications for human–plant relationships during the Christian period.

在这项研究中，我们提出了第一个考古植物学证据，证明在位于苏丹北部尼罗河右岸的Banganarti基督教遗址的Vachellia树中有bruchid甲虫（金龟子科：bruchia科）侵染。自2019年以来，在该遗址的NECH和SSCH部分进行了广泛系统的考古植物学采样。共收集63份土壤样品，进行浮选，并使用2.0和0.5 mm的筛孔尺寸进行筛选。随后的处理和鉴定使用光学显微镜、多探测器计算机断层扫描（CT）和扫描电子显微镜（SEM）进行。根据与参考资料的解剖和形态比较，鉴定显示驯化和野生植物的组合多样化。在选取的BA-19 P211和BA-19- p113两个Vachellia种子样本中，CT和SEM分析显示了表明糙皮甲虫侵染的特征性内部特征。共有8个nilotica种子和6个tortilis种子被侵染。从每个物种中选择两个保存最好的标本进行扫描电镜成像。扫描结果提供了幼虫通道和内部钻孔的证据，证实了在种皮内发育的粗口幼虫，随后通过种子表面穿孔出现。这些发现扩展了撒哈拉以南非洲昆虫与植物相互作用的记录，并强调了它们对基督教时期人类与植物关系的影响。

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引用次数: 0

Terrapins as a dietary resource for Bronze Age populations in the Southeast Iberian Peninsula 作为伊比利亚半岛东南部青铜时代人群饮食资源的水龟

IF 1.5 2区历史学 0 ARCHAEOLOGY

Journal of Archaeological Science-Reports

Pub Date : 2026-04-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.jasrep.2026.105595

Iratxe Boneta Jiménez

Iberian Peninsula extant terrapins, the European Pond Turtle (i.e. Emys orbicularis) and the Spanish Terrapin (i.e. Mauremys leprosa), are relatively frequent within Bronze Age archaeofaunal assemblages. Specifically, its remains appear to concentrate in southeastern sites, at times related to El Argar settlements. The available data and firsthand detailed study of some of the terrapin remains from twenty-two peninsular Bronze Age sites are here presented. This update on the knowledge concerning the Iberian Peninsula archaeological turtle record provides new justified taxonomic evidence regarding the Iberian turtle taxa distribution during the second millennium BC. Also, new interpretations in cultural terms that deepen into the relationship between human southeastern populations and these reptiles are discussed. Results show that terrapins were mainly captured as local freshwater food resource, depicting the dynamics between human populations and marsh, river, and other freshwater bodies ecosystems.

伊比利亚半岛现存的龟类，欧洲池龟（即圆形龟）和西班牙龟（即麻风龟），在青铜器时代的考古组合中相对常见。具体来说，它的遗迹似乎集中在东南部的遗址，有时与阿尔加尔定居点有关。这里介绍了来自22个半岛青铜时代遗址的一些水龟遗骸的可用数据和第一手详细研究。这一关于伊比利亚半岛考古龟记录知识的更新为公元前2000年伊比利亚龟分类群分布提供了新的合理的分类证据。此外，在文化方面的新解释，深入到人类东南种群和这些爬行动物之间的关系进行了讨论。结果表明，龟类主要作为当地的淡水食物资源被捕获，描绘了人类种群与沼泽、河流等淡水水体生态系统之间的动态关系。

引用次数: 0

Feces, fragrance and medicine chemical evidence of ancient therapeutics in a Roman unguentarium 罗马墓室中古代疗法的粪便、香味和药物化学证据

IF 1.5 2区历史学 0 ARCHAEOLOGY

Journal of Archaeological Science-Reports

Pub Date : 2026-04-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.jasrep.2026.105589

Cenker Atila , İlker Demirbolat , Rana Babaç Çelebi

Fecal-based pharmacological treatments are widely attested in Greco-Roman medical texts, yet no direct chemical evidence has until now supported their practical application. This study presents the first molecular confirmation of such practices through GC–MS/FID analysis of organic residues from a Roman glass unguentarium (artifact no. 4027) excavated in Pergamon, a major center of Roman medicine. The vessel’s contents revealed a distinctive blend of human fecal biomarkers (including coprostanol and 24-ethylcoprostanol) and aromatic compounds such as carvacrol, a major constituent of thyme oil. These results align with classical prescriptions that combined dung with odor-masking agents to enhance patient compliance −practices noted in the works of Galen, Dioscorides, and Pliny the Elder.

By integrating archaeometric analysis with historical and philological research, the study reframes Roman unguentaria as vehicles not only for cosmetics, but also for socially managed therapeutic substances. The findings contribute critical empirical support for the pharmacological use of excrement in antiquity and offer a replicable interdisciplinary model for investigating ancient medicine. In light of contemporary interest in microbiome-based therapies, this evidence also prompts a reconsideration of early traditions once dismissed as marginal or irrational.

以粪便为基础的药理学治疗在希腊罗马医学文献中得到广泛证实，但直到现在还没有直接的化学证据支持其实际应用。本研究首次通过GC-MS /FID分析了罗马玻璃瓮（人工制品号no. 1）的有机残留物，证实了这种做法。公元4027年在罗马主要医学中心佩加蒙出土的。该容器的内容物显示了一种独特的人类粪便生物标志物（包括粪前列醇和24-乙基粪前列醇）和芳香族化合物（如香芹酚，百里香油的主要成分）的混合物。这些结果与经典处方相一致，这些处方将粪便与气味掩蔽剂结合起来，以提高患者的依从性——盖伦、迪奥斯科里德斯和老普林尼的作品中提到的做法。通过将考古分析与历史和语言学研究相结合，该研究将罗马龙葵重新定义为不仅是化妆品的载体，而且是社会管理的治疗物质。这些发现为古代粪便的药理作用提供了关键的经验支持，并为研究古代医学提供了一个可复制的跨学科模型。鉴于当代对基于微生物组的疗法的兴趣，这一证据也促使人们重新考虑曾经被视为边缘或非理性的早期传统。

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引用次数: 0

The mountain caracara (Phalcoboenus megalopterus) as an accumulator of faunal remains: neotaphonomic insights for the assessment of Andean zooarchaeological records 山卡拉（大翅雉）作为动物遗骸的累积者：安第斯动物考古记录评估的新学见解

IF 1.5 2区历史学 0 ARCHAEOLOGY

Journal of Archaeological Science-Reports

Pub Date : 2026-04-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.jasrep.2026.105599

Nicolás M. Guardia , E. Martín Pérez , Guillermo Chiaradia , José Manuel López

Archaeological research in the Andes has traditionally focused on stratified sites, while the role of natural agents in the formation of faunal assemblages remains underexplored. This study presents a neotaphonomic analysis of prey remains accumulated by the mountain caracara (Phalcoboenus megalopterus), a facultative scavenger widely distributed across highland Andean environments. Fieldwork was conducted in the southern Puna of central-western Argentina, where pellets and non-ingested materials were collected from a caracara nest and roost located near guanaco (Lama guanicoe) kill sites attributed to puma (Puma concolor) predation. Laboratory analyses included taxonomic identification and taphonomic assessment, focusing on skeletal element representation, breakage patterns, chemical digestion, and mechanical modifications.

The assemblage is dominated by large-sized mammals, particularly guanaco, alongside smaller proportions of southern mountain viscachas (Lagidium viscacia), rodents, leporids, small birds, and reptiles. Guanaco remains were primarily represented by cervical vertebrae and basipodial elements, with cranial bones notably absent. Ingested specimens exhibited heavy to extreme digestion, while non-ingested remains showed tooth marks, crenulated edges, and helical fractures indicative of both carnivore predation and avian scavenging. The high frequency of juvenile guanaco individuals, the selective representation of skeletal elements, and the combination of mechanical and chemical modifications produced by P. megalopterus constitute a distinctive taphonomic signature.

These findings demonstrate that mountain caracaras can significantly contribute to the formation and alteration of bone assemblages in Andean environments. By highlighting the interplay between carnivore hunting and raptor scavenging, this study provides a comparative framework for distinguishing natural from cultural formation processes in zooarchaeological contexts, thereby refining interpretations of human–faunal interactions in highland South America.

安第斯山脉的考古研究传统上集中在分层遗址上，而自然因素在动物群落形成中的作用仍未得到充分探索。本研究对广泛分布于安第斯高原的兼性食腐动物山卡拉（Phalcoboenus megalopterus）所积累的猎物遗骸进行了新学分析。在阿根廷中西部的普纳南部进行了实地调查，从美洲狮（puma concolor）捕食造成的瓜纳科（Lama guanicoe）捕杀地点附近的卡拉卡拉巢穴和栖息地收集了颗粒和未摄入的物质。实验室分析包括分类鉴定和分类评估，重点是骨骼元素的表现、断裂模式、化学消化和机械修饰。该组合以大型哺乳动物为主，尤其是鬣蜥，还有较小比例的南部山地鬣蜥（Lagidium viscacia）、啮齿动物、leporids、小型鸟类和爬行动物。瓜纳科人的遗骸主要由颈椎和基足部组成，颅骨明显缺失。被摄入的标本显示出严重到极度消化，而非被摄入的遗骸显示出牙印、圆齿状边缘和螺旋状骨折，表明它们是食肉动物捕食和鸟类食腐动物。幼鸟个体的高频率、骨骼元素的选择性代表以及巨翼翅虫产生的机械和化学修饰的结合构成了一个独特的地形学特征。这些发现表明，山地卡拉卡拉对安第斯环境中骨骼组合的形成和改变有重要的贡献。通过强调食肉动物狩猎和猛禽食腐之间的相互作用，本研究为区分动物考古学背景下的自然和文化形成过程提供了一个比较框架，从而完善了对南美高原人类-动物相互作用的解释。

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引用次数: 0

Investigating animal exploitation in Late Byzantine Greece: a zooarchaeological study from Ismenion, Thebes 调查晚期拜占庭希腊的动物剥削：一项来自底比斯的动物考古研究

IF 1.5 2区历史学 0 ARCHAEOLOGY

Journal of Archaeological Science-Reports

Pub Date : 2026-04-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.jasrep.2026.105578

Dimitris Filioglou , Rachel M. Winter , Dimitrios Michailidis , Stephanie Larson , Kevin Daly , Katherine B. Harrington , Alexandra Charami

This study investigates animal husbandry, fishing techniques, diet and their socio-economic implications within the changing political landscape of Late Byzantine Thebes (13^th-15^th centuries CE) through an integrated zooarchaeological approach. It draws evidence from faunal assemblages from 9 refuse pits (bothroi) on the Ismenion Hill, an area with some habitation in southeastern Thebes. Results indicate a reliance on caprines—especially sheep—as the dominant livestock, suggesting an organized system of mutton production. Pigs and cattle likely played a supplementary role in inhabitants’ diet and economic activities, at least in the examined households. A portion of the herds were likely in-house stalled while deadstock was processed in a standardized way. Fish remains indicate a marked reliance on aquatic resources from near-shore, coastal marine environments, with a notable abundance of the gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata). Furthermore, while Thebes experienced successive foreign rule from the 13^th century onward, continuity in animal exploitation during these times suggests resilience in local foodways. Ismenion Hill residents matched the general trends in animal exploitation and meat consumption seen in other regions of the Greek peninsula since the first centuries of the Byzantine Period. These findings contribute significantly to the underexplored field of Byzantine zooarchaeology and shed light on subsistence strategies in medieval Greece.

本研究通过综合动物考古方法，调查了晚期拜占庭底比斯（公元13 -15世纪）不断变化的政治景观中的畜牧业、捕鱼技术、饮食及其社会经济影响。它从底比斯东南部有一些居民的Ismenion山上的9个垃圾坑（bothroi）的动物群落中获得证据。研究结果表明，该国主要依靠辣椒素（尤其是羊）作为家畜，这表明该国存在有组织的羊肉生产体系。猪和牛可能在居民的饮食和经济活动中起着辅助作用，至少在被调查的家庭中是这样。一部分畜群可能在内部圈养，而死畜则以标准化的方式处理。鱼类遗骸表明对近岸、沿海海洋环境的水生资源的明显依赖，其中有大量的金头海鲷（Sparus aurata）。此外，虽然底比斯从13世纪开始经历了连续的外国统治，但在此期间，动物开采的连续性表明了当地食物方式的弹性。自拜占庭时期的第一个世纪以来，Ismenion山的居民与希腊半岛其他地区的动物剥削和肉类消费的总体趋势相吻合。这些发现对未被充分探索的拜占庭动物考古学领域做出了重大贡献，并揭示了中世纪希腊的生存策略。

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引用次数: 0

Following the lynx: taphonomic insights into leporid accumulations from unit 2 of Cova del Coll Verdaguer (Iberian Peninsula) 跟踪猞猁：伊比利亚半岛Cova del Coll Verdaguer 2单元的鳞虫群的分类学见解

IF 1.5 2区历史学 0 ARCHAEOLOGY

Journal of Archaeological Science-Reports

Pub Date : 2026-04-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.jasrep.2026.105567

Souksavath Sanphasouk , Maria Joana Gabucio , Patricia Martín Rodríguez , Montserrat Sanz , Joan Daura

Leporids are an abundant taxon in Upper Pleistocene sites of the Iberian Peninsula, commonly accumulated through various processes, including human activity, animal predation, and natural burrowing. The main objective of this study is to identify the agent(s) responsible for the leporid accumulation in Unit 2 of Cova del Coll Verdaguer, an Upper Pleistocene deposit. A total of 2,606 leporid remains and 25 remains of medium-sized carnivores −Lynx pardinus, Vulpes vulpes, and Felis silvestris- were analysed using zooarchaeological and taphonomic methods. The leporid assemblage is characterized by a predominance of distal appendicular elements, followed by cranial, proximal appendicular, axial, and innominate bones. The results, including breakage patterns and tooth marks, suggest that the accumulation of leporids was primarily the result of lynx activity, with a lesser contribution by foxes, highlighting the significant role of medium-sized carnivores in Pleistocene faunal assemblages.

Leporids是伊比利亚半岛上更新世遗址中丰富的分类群，通常通过各种过程积累，包括人类活动，动物捕食和自然挖洞。本研究的主要目的是确定Cova del Coll Verdaguer上更新世矿床2单元的leporoid成藏的原因。研究人员利用动物考古学和分类学的方法，分析了总共2606具leporid和25具中型食肉动物（山猫、Vulpes Vulpes和Felis silvestris）的遗骸。leporid组合的特点是远端附属骨占优势，其次是颅骨、近端附属骨、轴骨和无名骨。研究结果（包括破碎模式和牙印）表明，狐皮类动物的积累主要是猞猁活动的结果，狐狸的贡献较小，突出了中型食肉动物在更新世动物组合中的重要作用。

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引用次数: 0

Pottery specialization and household interdependence in Hongshan core Zone: Evidence from the Dongshanzui site 红山核心区陶器专业化与家庭相互依存——来自东山嘴遗址的证据

IF 1.5 2区历史学 0 ARCHAEOLOGY

Journal of Archaeological Science-Reports

Pub Date : 2026-04-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.jasrep.2026.105641

Zicheng Zhu , Tao Li

This study investigates household interdependence and economic differentiation in the Hongshan core zone through geochemical analysis of 231 sherds from six Late Hongshan (3500–3000 BCE) household units in the Dongshanzui area, western Liaoning, northeast China. The compositional analysis reveals that pottery was produced from a limited number of local clay sources, with hierarchical clustering analysis identifying three hypothetical production source units (PSU01, PSU02, and PSU03). This indicates a moderately centralized production system where a relatively small number of specialized households supplied a larger consumer community, confirming a moderate degree of pottery specialization and household interdependence. Households obtained pottery from different production source units and intermingled spatially within the Dongshanzui area; however, a north–south spatial gradient in resource access was identified. Southern households, including the higher-status unit D109, preferentially utilized the clay source PSU02, particularly for fine-paste ceremonial tongxingqi vessels, which showed markedly less compositional variability than utilitarian wares. Altogether, our findings challenge models where elites directly controlled production, suggesting instead that social differentiation was expressed through preferential access to high-quality goods within exchange networks.

本文通过对辽西东山嘴地区6个红山晚期（公元前3500-3000年）家庭单元的231个碎片的地球化学分析，探讨了红山核心区的家庭相互依存和经济分化。成分分析表明，陶器是由有限数量的当地粘土来源生产的，通过分层聚类分析确定了三个假设的生产来源单位（PSU01， PSU02和PSU03）。这表明了一个适度集中的生产系统，其中相对较少的专业家庭为较大的消费群体提供服务，证实了陶器专业化和家庭相互依存的适度程度。家庭从不同的生产来源单位获得陶器，并在东山嘴区域内空间上混杂；然而，资源获取的南北空间梯度被确定。南方家庭，包括地位较高的D109单元，优先使用粘土源PSU02，特别是细糊仪式铜行器，其成分变化明显小于实用器物。总之，我们的研究结果挑战了精英直接控制生产的模型，表明社会分化是通过在交换网络中优先获得高质量商品来表达的。

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引用次数: 0

Working with fowl tibiotarsals: insights into caponization and poultry keeping in medieval Portugal 研究家禽的生物特征：对中世纪葡萄牙caponization和家禽饲养的见解

IF 1.5 2区历史学 0 ARCHAEOLOGY

Journal of Archaeological Science-Reports

Pub Date : 2026-04-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.jasrep.2026.105601

Marta Moreno-García , Carlos M. Pimenta

Caponization of young male birds is a practice undertaken to fatten and improve the quality of the bird’s flesh. Ethnographic work carried out in the village of Freamunde in northern Portugal, allowed us to record in detail the traditional method used to caponize young roosters. We also obtained a small reference collection of capon bones. Since studies of modern poultry indicate that tibiotarsals may be structurally modified as a result of caponization resulting in greater body weight, we focus our attention on this bone. The shape and the size of the tibiotarsals obtained are studied to explore osteological and metrical characters that might help in the recognition of capons in archaeological remains of this taxon. The same methodological approach is applied to Portuguese medieval poultry assemblages dated to the Islamic and late medieval period. However, the observed variations in the size and the shape of the archaeological chicken tibiotarsals are hypothetically interpreted as reflecting an increased interest in egg-production in the course of time.

对年轻的雄鸟进行Caponization是一种增肥和改善鸟肉质量的做法。在葡萄牙北部的Freamunde村进行的人种学工作，使我们能够详细记录用于给小公鸡做鸡冠的传统方法。我们还收集了一小块参考骨。由于对现代家禽的研究表明，由于caponization导致体重增加，胫跗骨可能会在结构上发生改变，因此我们将注意力集中在这种骨头上。对所获得的胫跖骨的形状和大小进行了研究，以探索可能有助于识别该分类单元考古遗迹中骨爪的骨学和测量特征。同样的方法方法也适用于追溯到伊斯兰和中世纪晚期的葡萄牙中世纪家禽组合。然而，考古发现的鸡胫跖骨大小和形状的变化被假设为反映了随着时间的推移，人们对产蛋的兴趣越来越大。

引用次数: 0

Surviving in the early Neolithic. Causal networks and complex systems in archaeology 生活在新石器时代早期的考古学中的因果网络和复杂系统

IF 1.5 2区历史学 0 ARCHAEOLOGY

Journal of Archaeological Science-Reports

Pub Date : 2026-04-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.jasrep.2026.105602

Olga Palacios, Laura Mameli, Juan Antonio Barceló

Difficulties surrounding the reconstruction of social systems in past communities have propitiated the development of multiple social theories and a variety of approaches to explain archaeological remains. The Bayesian Network approach has proved to be a crucial tool to model uncertainty and probability to estimate parameters and predict the effects of social decisions, even when some data entries are missing. This paper has the principal objective to present a research study centered on exploring how prehistoric early farmers survived in their environmental context by suggesting a causal complex model of a socio-ecological system.

To achieve this, two different causal models are proposed, both based on probabilistic Bayesian Networks, one built from expert knowledge and the other learned from ethnoarchaeological data. These models are used to define what variables would have been relevant to the socioeconomic organization of early Neolithic communities and to predict their behavior and social decisions in hypothetical case scenarios. The ultimate outcome is exploring the use of the Bayesian Network for investigating socio-ecological systems and defining its potentialities as a research method.

在过去的社区中，重建社会系统的困难促进了多种社会理论和各种解释考古遗迹的方法的发展。贝叶斯网络方法已被证明是建模不确定性和概率以估计参数和预测社会决策影响的关键工具，即使在一些数据条目缺失的情况下也是如此。本文的主要目的是通过提出社会生态系统的因果复杂模型，提出一项以探索史前早期农民如何在其环境背景下生存为中心的研究。为了实现这一目标，本文提出了两种不同的因果模型，它们都基于概率贝叶斯网络，一种基于专家知识，另一种基于民族考古数据。这些模型被用来定义与新石器时代早期社会经济组织相关的变量，并在假设的情况下预测他们的行为和社会决策。最终的结果是探索使用贝叶斯网络来调查社会生态系统，并定义其作为一种研究方法的潜力。

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引用次数: 0