Pub Date : 2024-09-18DOI: 10.1177/21582440241278236
T. K. F. Tlou, V. Koen, M. Erasmus
This study’s aim was to explore and describe positive leisure activities in South African Batswana families. The research employed a qualitative, explorative-descriptive research design. The population included adult Tswana family members residing in Mafikeng in the North West Province of South Africa. Through the utilization of purposive sampling, the sample size (seven families consisting of 13 individual adult family members, three males and 10 females, mean age of 34) was determined through data saturation. Family semi-structured interviews were utilized to collect data and analyzed using thematic analysis. The findings allude to five main themes: participants’ understanding of family leisure, positive leisure activities families engage in, leisure activities families enjoy the most, the role of positive leisure activities, and the role played by leisure activities during Covid-19 and lockdown in 2020.
{"title":"An exploration of positive leisure activities in Batswana families","authors":"T. K. F. Tlou, V. Koen, M. Erasmus","doi":"10.1177/21582440241278236","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/21582440241278236","url":null,"abstract":"This study’s aim was to explore and describe positive leisure activities in South African Batswana families. The research employed a qualitative, explorative-descriptive research design. The population included adult Tswana family members residing in Mafikeng in the North West Province of South Africa. Through the utilization of purposive sampling, the sample size (seven families consisting of 13 individual adult family members, three males and 10 females, mean age of 34) was determined through data saturation. Family semi-structured interviews were utilized to collect data and analyzed using thematic analysis. The findings allude to five main themes: participants’ understanding of family leisure, positive leisure activities families engage in, leisure activities families enjoy the most, the role of positive leisure activities, and the role played by leisure activities during Covid-19 and lockdown in 2020.","PeriodicalId":48167,"journal":{"name":"Sage Open","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142250351","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-18DOI: 10.1177/21582440241280457
Shiyu Xie
This study aims to reveal the cognitive demands of senior high school English as a foreign language textbooks in China and their potential impact on students’ thinking development. To achieve this, the study employed content analysis, using an analytical framework adapted from the revised Bloom’s taxonomy, to examine the cognitive demands incorporated in the activities across nine target textbooks from three different publishers. The study found “Understand” to be the most common cognitive demand in the examined textbooks. However, it also identified that lower cognitive demands “Remember,” “Understand,” and “Apply” were less prevalent than the higher demands “Analyze,” “Evaluate,” and “Create.” Additionally, the study observed variations in the distribution of cognitive demands within the textbooks for 10th, 11th, and 12th grades. Despite these variations, the distribution of cognitive demands across the three grade-level textbooks was found to be remarkably similar, with an increase in the occurrence frequency of cognitive demands “Apply,” “Analyze,” “Evaluate,” and “Create,” and a corresponding decrease in the occurrence frequency of cognitive demands “Understand” and “Remember.” These findings indicate that senior high school English as a foreign language textbooks in China are intentionally designed to accommodate the thinking skill needs of students at each grade level and to promote the development of their thinking skills, with a particular emphasis on higher-order thinking skills. The findings hold significant implications for the design and use of language textbooks, highlighting the importance of integrating appropriate and challenging cognitive demands to effectively support students’ thinking development.
{"title":"An Analysis of the Cognitive Demands of Senior High School English as a Foreign Language Textbooks in China","authors":"Shiyu Xie","doi":"10.1177/21582440241280457","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/21582440241280457","url":null,"abstract":"This study aims to reveal the cognitive demands of senior high school English as a foreign language textbooks in China and their potential impact on students’ thinking development. To achieve this, the study employed content analysis, using an analytical framework adapted from the revised Bloom’s taxonomy, to examine the cognitive demands incorporated in the activities across nine target textbooks from three different publishers. The study found “Understand” to be the most common cognitive demand in the examined textbooks. However, it also identified that lower cognitive demands “Remember,” “Understand,” and “Apply” were less prevalent than the higher demands “Analyze,” “Evaluate,” and “Create.” Additionally, the study observed variations in the distribution of cognitive demands within the textbooks for 10th, 11th, and 12th grades. Despite these variations, the distribution of cognitive demands across the three grade-level textbooks was found to be remarkably similar, with an increase in the occurrence frequency of cognitive demands “Apply,” “Analyze,” “Evaluate,” and “Create,” and a corresponding decrease in the occurrence frequency of cognitive demands “Understand” and “Remember.” These findings indicate that senior high school English as a foreign language textbooks in China are intentionally designed to accommodate the thinking skill needs of students at each grade level and to promote the development of their thinking skills, with a particular emphasis on higher-order thinking skills. The findings hold significant implications for the design and use of language textbooks, highlighting the importance of integrating appropriate and challenging cognitive demands to effectively support students’ thinking development.","PeriodicalId":48167,"journal":{"name":"Sage Open","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142250352","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-18DOI: 10.1177/21582440241281408
Johannes Beller
Loneliness represents a serious health risk. However, studies investigating social inequalities in loneliness are rare. Thus, the current study investigates which socioeconomic groups are the most affected by loneliness. Data from the population-based German Aging Survey were used ( N = 3,784), with participants being 40+ years old. Education, income, and occupational prestige were used as socioeconomic indicators. It was found that loneliness scores were descriptively higher in groups with lower educational attainment, lower income and lower occupational prestige. In a linear regression analysis, significant socioeconomic differences in loneliness emerged only for income and occupational prestige. Thus, individuals with a low occupational position and those with low income are systematically more affected by loneliness than higher status groups. Material and occupational resources are likely to constitute major socio-structural explanatory variables for loneliness and should be further investigated as such by future studies.
{"title":"Social Inequalities in Loneliness: Disentangling the Contributions of Education, Income, and Occupation","authors":"Johannes Beller","doi":"10.1177/21582440241281408","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/21582440241281408","url":null,"abstract":"Loneliness represents a serious health risk. However, studies investigating social inequalities in loneliness are rare. Thus, the current study investigates which socioeconomic groups are the most affected by loneliness. Data from the population-based German Aging Survey were used ( N = 3,784), with participants being 40+ years old. Education, income, and occupational prestige were used as socioeconomic indicators. It was found that loneliness scores were descriptively higher in groups with lower educational attainment, lower income and lower occupational prestige. In a linear regression analysis, significant socioeconomic differences in loneliness emerged only for income and occupational prestige. Thus, individuals with a low occupational position and those with low income are systematically more affected by loneliness than higher status groups. Material and occupational resources are likely to constitute major socio-structural explanatory variables for loneliness and should be further investigated as such by future studies.","PeriodicalId":48167,"journal":{"name":"Sage Open","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142250353","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-17DOI: 10.1177/21582440241279713
Kirsten Calleja Salerno, Ma. Teresa Tuason, Bridget Stanton, Sara Buchanan
This study aims to identify which factors predict psychological distress among international college students attending American universities. International students experience unique stressors, as well as bring with them their own enculturation: culture of origin identity, language, and competence when acculturating. To get a comprehensive picture, we collected survey data on demographics, acculturation, stress, anxiety, depression, and symptomatology from N = 146 college students ( n = 51 international students; n = 95 U.S. citizens) from three universities in the southeastern United States. For international students, increased acculturation to the U.S. (English proficiency and culture competence) is related to decreased symptomatology and anxiety. Additionally, international students’ competencies in culture of origin are significantly associated with competencies in U.S. acculturation. Regression analyses indicated that among international students, higher U.S. acculturation and lower stress, significantly predicted less anxiety; lower stress significantly predicted less symptomatology. Implications for higher education and future research are discussed.
{"title":"What Makes an International Student in the U.S. Have Less Psychological Distress?","authors":"Kirsten Calleja Salerno, Ma. Teresa Tuason, Bridget Stanton, Sara Buchanan","doi":"10.1177/21582440241279713","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/21582440241279713","url":null,"abstract":"This study aims to identify which factors predict psychological distress among international college students attending American universities. International students experience unique stressors, as well as bring with them their own enculturation: culture of origin identity, language, and competence when acculturating. To get a comprehensive picture, we collected survey data on demographics, acculturation, stress, anxiety, depression, and symptomatology from N = 146 college students ( n = 51 international students; n = 95 U.S. citizens) from three universities in the southeastern United States. For international students, increased acculturation to the U.S. (English proficiency and culture competence) is related to decreased symptomatology and anxiety. Additionally, international students’ competencies in culture of origin are significantly associated with competencies in U.S. acculturation. Regression analyses indicated that among international students, higher U.S. acculturation and lower stress, significantly predicted less anxiety; lower stress significantly predicted less symptomatology. Implications for higher education and future research are discussed.","PeriodicalId":48167,"journal":{"name":"Sage Open","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142250354","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-14DOI: 10.1177/21582440241279137
Natalia Tsybuliak, Hanna Lopatina, Liudmyla Shevchenko, Anastasia Popova, Yana Suchikova
This study examines the impact of migration processes on burnout among Ukrainian university academic staff during the full-scale war. A survey involving 836 participants from 164 higher education institutions revealed that 37% of respondents became forced migrants, either internally (24%) or externally (13%). Significant connections were found between forced migration and burnout among academic staff, with noticeable distinctions between external migrants, internal migrants, and non-migrants. Academic staff who were forced to migrate displayed higher levels of emotional exhaustion compared to non-migrant counterparts. External migrants experienced energy depletion, while internal migrants reported reduced professional accomplishment. Inadequate pay, social security instability, increased professional activity, insufficient state support, anxiety, constant stress, and concern for their country, city, and university were common factors contributing to burnout among all groups. External migrants faced challenges with social protection, team relations, and workload. Internal migrants encountered difficulties in rebuilding professional activities and experienced a heightened sense of danger, particularly for those living in temporarily occupied territories. The findings highlight the necessity for targeted support strategies to address the unique needs of academic staff during conflict and migration, promoting their mental health and resilience at the policymaker and university administrator levels during times of crisis by implementing support strategies and programs to help them cope with the challenges of migration and promote overall job satisfaction for quality education of the next generation of citizens.
{"title":"Burnout and Migration of Ukrainian University Academic Staff During the War","authors":"Natalia Tsybuliak, Hanna Lopatina, Liudmyla Shevchenko, Anastasia Popova, Yana Suchikova","doi":"10.1177/21582440241279137","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/21582440241279137","url":null,"abstract":"This study examines the impact of migration processes on burnout among Ukrainian university academic staff during the full-scale war. A survey involving 836 participants from 164 higher education institutions revealed that 37% of respondents became forced migrants, either internally (24%) or externally (13%). Significant connections were found between forced migration and burnout among academic staff, with noticeable distinctions between external migrants, internal migrants, and non-migrants. Academic staff who were forced to migrate displayed higher levels of emotional exhaustion compared to non-migrant counterparts. External migrants experienced energy depletion, while internal migrants reported reduced professional accomplishment. Inadequate pay, social security instability, increased professional activity, insufficient state support, anxiety, constant stress, and concern for their country, city, and university were common factors contributing to burnout among all groups. External migrants faced challenges with social protection, team relations, and workload. Internal migrants encountered difficulties in rebuilding professional activities and experienced a heightened sense of danger, particularly for those living in temporarily occupied territories. The findings highlight the necessity for targeted support strategies to address the unique needs of academic staff during conflict and migration, promoting their mental health and resilience at the policymaker and university administrator levels during times of crisis by implementing support strategies and programs to help them cope with the challenges of migration and promote overall job satisfaction for quality education of the next generation of citizens.","PeriodicalId":48167,"journal":{"name":"Sage Open","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142250356","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-14DOI: 10.1177/21582440241256537
Guo Ying
Although research acknowledges the role of digital entrepreneurship in driving corporate innovation, digital entrepreneurial orientation (DEO) remains limitedly explored. Based on resource-based view (RBV) and social network theory (SNT), we developed a model to examine the role of cross-organizational improvisation (COI) and social ties (specifically, business and political ties) in the relationship between DEO and green innovation (GI). Survey data from 217 start-ups support the findings that (a) DEO positively influences green innovation, (b) COI mediates the link between DEO and GI, and (c) business ties (BT) moderate the relationship between DEO and GI; however, the role of political ties (PT) requires further investigation. This study not only contributes to the research on digital entrepreneurship and green innovation, but also enhances our understanding of the path from digital strategy to GI. The insights gained hold significant value for managers seeking to leverage a digital entrepreneurship orientation to foster GI.
尽管研究承认数字创业在推动企业创新方面的作用，但对数字创业导向（DEO）的探讨仍然有限。基于资源观（RBV）和社会网络理论（SNT），我们建立了一个模型来研究跨组织即兴创作（COI）和社会关系（特别是商业和政治关系）在 DEO 与绿色创新（GI）之间的关系中的作用。来自 217 家初创企业的调查数据支持以下结论：（a）DEO 积极影响绿色创新；（b）COI 在 DEO 和绿色创新之间起到中介作用；（c）商业联系（BT）缓和 DEO 和绿色创新之间的关系；然而，政治联系（PT）的作用还需要进一步研究。这项研究不仅为数字创业和绿色创新研究做出了贡献，而且加深了我们对从数字战略到绿色创新的路径的理解。对于希望利用数字创业导向来促进绿色创新的管理者来说，所获得的见解具有重要价值。
{"title":"Digital Entrepreneurial Orientation and Green Innovation in the VUCA Era: The Impact of Cross-organizational Improvisation and Social Ties","authors":"Guo Ying","doi":"10.1177/21582440241256537","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/21582440241256537","url":null,"abstract":"Although research acknowledges the role of digital entrepreneurship in driving corporate innovation, digital entrepreneurial orientation (DEO) remains limitedly explored. Based on resource-based view (RBV) and social network theory (SNT), we developed a model to examine the role of cross-organizational improvisation (COI) and social ties (specifically, business and political ties) in the relationship between DEO and green innovation (GI). Survey data from 217 start-ups support the findings that (a) DEO positively influences green innovation, (b) COI mediates the link between DEO and GI, and (c) business ties (BT) moderate the relationship between DEO and GI; however, the role of political ties (PT) requires further investigation. This study not only contributes to the research on digital entrepreneurship and green innovation, but also enhances our understanding of the path from digital strategy to GI. The insights gained hold significant value for managers seeking to leverage a digital entrepreneurship orientation to foster GI.","PeriodicalId":48167,"journal":{"name":"Sage Open","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142250357","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-14DOI: 10.1177/21582440241276177
Laura Nathans, Oluwatobi Mogbojuri, Emmanuel Addai, Bridget Walsh, Matthew Aguirre, Julie Lucero, Keira Hambrick
This study involved development and validation of the Family Involvement in Graduate School measure, the first instrument to measure involvement of family in graduate students’ educational process. The measure was originally designed with six subscales. It was developed based on Hoover-Dempsey et al.’s model of parent involvement. Feedback on the measure was given by expert reviewers to refine the measure. The measure was validated with exploratory factor analysis of a sample of 150 family members of graduate students. Data was collected from family members of (a) a program for underprivileged graduate students and (b) graduate students enrolled in two large Western universities. A five-factor solution was supported by the Exploratory Factor Analysis, which was shown to be a good fit with SRMR fit statistics. Future research should validate the measure in other geographic locations and with a more diverse sample.
{"title":"Development and Validation of the Family Involvement in Graduate School (FIGS) Measure","authors":"Laura Nathans, Oluwatobi Mogbojuri, Emmanuel Addai, Bridget Walsh, Matthew Aguirre, Julie Lucero, Keira Hambrick","doi":"10.1177/21582440241276177","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/21582440241276177","url":null,"abstract":"This study involved development and validation of the Family Involvement in Graduate School measure, the first instrument to measure involvement of family in graduate students’ educational process. The measure was originally designed with six subscales. It was developed based on Hoover-Dempsey et al.’s model of parent involvement. Feedback on the measure was given by expert reviewers to refine the measure. The measure was validated with exploratory factor analysis of a sample of 150 family members of graduate students. Data was collected from family members of (a) a program for underprivileged graduate students and (b) graduate students enrolled in two large Western universities. A five-factor solution was supported by the Exploratory Factor Analysis, which was shown to be a good fit with SRMR fit statistics. Future research should validate the measure in other geographic locations and with a more diverse sample.","PeriodicalId":48167,"journal":{"name":"Sage Open","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142250355","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-14DOI: 10.1177/21582440241274533
Huilan Jin, Tingting Chen, Hanxiao Shi
As a new method for health knowledge dissemination, the short video has promoted the development of health communication greatly. In the context of the post-epidemic era, we selected the short home fitness video a kind of short video to guide users to do exercise at home and impart health knowledge to users as the research object, to provide suggestions on how to make better use of short videos for health communication. Liu Genghong is a home fitness coach who has gained 60 million fans in 3 months by teaching in-door aerobics originated by himself, and short home fitness videos he released are representative. We selected short home fitness videos published by Liu Genghong on Tiktok as the research sample, and obtained relevant data through crawler code. We applied a uses and gratifications approach, which is a theory about analyzing the motivation of users, to use media to analyze the collected data. The analysis result indicated that users watch the home fitness video mainly because of health cognition, personal relations, idolatry and entertainment. This study enriches the related research on health communication and shows theoretical and practical significance.
短视频作为一种新的健康知识传播方式，极大地推动了健康传播的发展。在后疫情时代背景下，我们选取了家庭健身短视频这种引导用户在家做运动、向用户传授健康知识的短视频作为研究对象，为如何更好地利用短视频进行健康传播提供建议。刘耕宏是一位家庭健身教练，他通过教授自创的室内健美操在 3 个月内收获了 6000 万粉丝，他发布的家庭健身短视频具有一定的代表性。我们选取了刘耿红在嘀嗒发布的家庭健身短视频作为研究样本，并通过爬虫代码获取了相关数据。我们运用使用与满足（uses and gratifications）方法，即分析用户使用媒体动机的理论，对收集到的数据进行分析。分析结果表明，用户观看家庭健身视频主要出于健康认知、人际关系、偶像崇拜和娱乐等动机。本研究丰富了健康传播的相关研究，具有重要的理论和实践意义。
{"title":"Beyond the Fitness: A Big Data Analysis of Home Exercisers Demand","authors":"Huilan Jin, Tingting Chen, Hanxiao Shi","doi":"10.1177/21582440241274533","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/21582440241274533","url":null,"abstract":"As a new method for health knowledge dissemination, the short video has promoted the development of health communication greatly. In the context of the post-epidemic era, we selected the short home fitness video a kind of short video to guide users to do exercise at home and impart health knowledge to users as the research object, to provide suggestions on how to make better use of short videos for health communication. Liu Genghong is a home fitness coach who has gained 60 million fans in 3 months by teaching in-door aerobics originated by himself, and short home fitness videos he released are representative. We selected short home fitness videos published by Liu Genghong on Tiktok as the research sample, and obtained relevant data through crawler code. We applied a uses and gratifications approach, which is a theory about analyzing the motivation of users, to use media to analyze the collected data. The analysis result indicated that users watch the home fitness video mainly because of health cognition, personal relations, idolatry and entertainment. This study enriches the related research on health communication and shows theoretical and practical significance.","PeriodicalId":48167,"journal":{"name":"Sage Open","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142268752","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study aims to assist Spanish authorities in enhancing the prevention of negative attitudes towards immigrants by addressing two key questions derived from prior research by the authors: (1) Which variables consistently influence attitudes towards migration over time? (2) What are the distinct attitudinal differences among various groups? Thus, the study delves into the evolution of attitudes towards migration in Spain from 2015 to 2017. It employs a dynamic perspective and advanced machine learning (ML) techniques recognized for their superior predictive capacity in social sciences. It identifies key variables influencing attitudes within diverse groups, including Multicultural and Non-Multicultural, and traces their changes over time. The research addresses the persistence of specific variables tied to subtle biases and distinctions among attitudinal segments. Despite an overall positive trend towards welcoming differences, the study unveils enduring ambivalence, elements of aversive racism, and subtle prejudice, highlighting the intricate factors contributing to the non-acceptance of immigration. Notably, self-perception emerges as a determinant, with optimism and professional attributes correlating with heightened tolerance. In conclusion, the study provides nuanced insights into the multifaceted nature of attitudes towards migration, offering valuable perspectives for more informed policy development.
{"title":"Advancing the Knowledge of Spaniards’ Attitudes Towards Immigration","authors":"Raquel Caro-Carretero, Mercedes Fernández, Consuelo Valbuena","doi":"10.1177/21582440241271912","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/21582440241271912","url":null,"abstract":"This study aims to assist Spanish authorities in enhancing the prevention of negative attitudes towards immigrants by addressing two key questions derived from prior research by the authors: (1) Which variables consistently influence attitudes towards migration over time? (2) What are the distinct attitudinal differences among various groups? Thus, the study delves into the evolution of attitudes towards migration in Spain from 2015 to 2017. It employs a dynamic perspective and advanced machine learning (ML) techniques recognized for their superior predictive capacity in social sciences. It identifies key variables influencing attitudes within diverse groups, including Multicultural and Non-Multicultural, and traces their changes over time. The research addresses the persistence of specific variables tied to subtle biases and distinctions among attitudinal segments. Despite an overall positive trend towards welcoming differences, the study unveils enduring ambivalence, elements of aversive racism, and subtle prejudice, highlighting the intricate factors contributing to the non-acceptance of immigration. Notably, self-perception emerges as a determinant, with optimism and professional attributes correlating with heightened tolerance. In conclusion, the study provides nuanced insights into the multifaceted nature of attitudes towards migration, offering valuable perspectives for more informed policy development.","PeriodicalId":48167,"journal":{"name":"Sage Open","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142177236","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-10DOI: 10.1177/21582440241271195
Seham Mansour Alyousef, Sami Abdulrahman Alhamidi
Autism was initially identified as a discrete entity in 1943. This now recognized group of disorders is often identified in children, but is a lifelong disorder requiring specialized assessment, planning, and care for patients. Nurses practicing in the Saudi Arabian healthcare system are often the first healthcare providers to encounter autism in the clinical setting. To highlight the perspective of practicing mental health nurses in Saudi Arabia regarding their experiences in caring for clients who have this disorder. A qualitative inquiry, made up of two focus groups of five members each, composed of mental health graduate students with experience in the field, facilitated a detailed investigation of nurses’ experiences in providing care for clients with these aspects of autism in clinical settings. Four principal themes and subthemes emerged from the data, which informed researchers about mental health nurses’ experiences with autism: (1) knowledge of autism; (2) previous experience in caring for those with autism; (3) practical applications used; and (4) challenges felt by mental health nurses. The Saudi nursing community appears to be looking for better training in identifying and caring for autistic patients. There also appears to be a desire to open channels of communication between primary and tertiary care facilities to improve client access.
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