Pub Date : 2024-08-22DOI: 10.1177/21582440241268809
Zhen Zhang
The Hollywood narrative film is often viewed as an overall causal relationship driven by the protagonist’s pursuits. Contrary to this point of view, this study treats the Hollywood narrative film as a complex of primary and secondary causal relationships dominated by protagonists and supporting roles, respectively, and proposes to use the protagonist-led causal relationship to segment the Hollywood narrative film. The paper also advocates the use of visual, verbal, and aural performance cues to demarcate primary and secondary narrative units. The narrative units obtained through this segmentation method can be used to study Hollywood narrative film development, characters, and the relation between narrative and performance. This paper selects four Hollywood films ( Roman Holiday, Interstellar, Joker, and Lolita) representing different narrative paths to test the segmentation method. The validation process shows that the proposed method can effectively segment linear and non-linear Hollywood narrative films and distinguish narrative units. However, this study only applies the proposed segmentation method to limited Hollywood narrative films. Larger-scale validations are required in the future to test the effectiveness of the method and further refine it.
{"title":"Strategies for Partitioning Narratives","authors":"Zhen Zhang","doi":"10.1177/21582440241268809","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/21582440241268809","url":null,"abstract":"The Hollywood narrative film is often viewed as an overall causal relationship driven by the protagonist’s pursuits. Contrary to this point of view, this study treats the Hollywood narrative film as a complex of primary and secondary causal relationships dominated by protagonists and supporting roles, respectively, and proposes to use the protagonist-led causal relationship to segment the Hollywood narrative film. The paper also advocates the use of visual, verbal, and aural performance cues to demarcate primary and secondary narrative units. The narrative units obtained through this segmentation method can be used to study Hollywood narrative film development, characters, and the relation between narrative and performance. This paper selects four Hollywood films ( Roman Holiday, Interstellar, Joker, and Lolita) representing different narrative paths to test the segmentation method. The validation process shows that the proposed method can effectively segment linear and non-linear Hollywood narrative films and distinguish narrative units. However, this study only applies the proposed segmentation method to limited Hollywood narrative films. Larger-scale validations are required in the future to test the effectiveness of the method and further refine it.","PeriodicalId":48167,"journal":{"name":"Sage Open","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142223563","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-08-22DOI: 10.1177/21582440241274127
Samuel Opoku, Kingsley Opoku Appiah, Prince Gyimah
This study investigates the predictors of financial distress of banks in Sub-Saharan Africa. Specifically, we examine the relationship between bank financial distress and the 5Cs (i.e., Character, Capacity, Capital, Condition, and Collateral). We use logistic regression and panel data from 228 listed and non-listed Sub-Sahara Africa Banks over the period 2006 to 2016 to test the hypotheses. We find that the rating measures of capacity (cost to income), capital (leverage), and condition (loan loss reserves to gross loan and inflation) positively affect the financial distress of the banks in Sub-Saharan Africa. Control of corruption decreases the probability of financial distress; however, the collateral and character indicators do not predict the financial distress of the banks. This study adds to the debate on how Character, Capacity, Capital, Condition, and Collateral affect bank financial distress in Sub-Saharan Africa, a region with high bank insolvency but research remains scant.
{"title":"Can We Predict the Financial Distress of Banks in Sub-Saharan Africa?","authors":"Samuel Opoku, Kingsley Opoku Appiah, Prince Gyimah","doi":"10.1177/21582440241274127","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/21582440241274127","url":null,"abstract":"This study investigates the predictors of financial distress of banks in Sub-Saharan Africa. Specifically, we examine the relationship between bank financial distress and the 5Cs (i.e., Character, Capacity, Capital, Condition, and Collateral). We use logistic regression and panel data from 228 listed and non-listed Sub-Sahara Africa Banks over the period 2006 to 2016 to test the hypotheses. We find that the rating measures of capacity (cost to income), capital (leverage), and condition (loan loss reserves to gross loan and inflation) positively affect the financial distress of the banks in Sub-Saharan Africa. Control of corruption decreases the probability of financial distress; however, the collateral and character indicators do not predict the financial distress of the banks. This study adds to the debate on how Character, Capacity, Capital, Condition, and Collateral affect bank financial distress in Sub-Saharan Africa, a region with high bank insolvency but research remains scant.","PeriodicalId":48167,"journal":{"name":"Sage Open","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142223564","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-08-22DOI: 10.1177/21582440241271319
Renjie Song, Yaru Zheng
Learning Management Systems (LMS) are crucial in modern educational technology, enhancing education through personalized support, efficient resource management, and data-driven decision-making. LMS holds a pivotal position in contemporary higher education. This research explores undergraduate students’ continued learning intentions, grounded in the Expectation-Confirmation Model and Flow Theory, while assessing the moderating effect of intrinsic motivation within this context. From January to August 2023, an online survey gathered self-reported data on satisfaction, confirmation, perceived value, continued intention, flow experience, and intrinsic motivation from 232 undergraduate students across three universities in Henan Province using the Questionnaire Star platform. Analysis using Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) confirmed all research hypotheses except for the insignificant impact of flow on satisfaction and continued intention, demonstrating the model’s significant explanatory power for continued intention, explaining 90.8% of the variance. The adjusted R2 was 90.6%, and the Q2 value reached 78.5%. Intrinsic motivation was found to moderate the relationship between satisfaction and continued intention positively, but it did not affect the relationship between perceived value and continued intention. The findings underscore the importance of LMS in educational settings and provide insights into enhancing user experience, student engagement, and satisfaction. Recommendations include the need for developers to improve the LMS interface and functionalities, for educators to enrich learning resources, and for students to recognize the value of LMS and set clear goals to foster their intrinsic motivation.
{"title":"Predicting Continuance Intention to Use Learning Management Systems among Undergraduates: The Moderating Effect of Intrinsic Motivation","authors":"Renjie Song, Yaru Zheng","doi":"10.1177/21582440241271319","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/21582440241271319","url":null,"abstract":"Learning Management Systems (LMS) are crucial in modern educational technology, enhancing education through personalized support, efficient resource management, and data-driven decision-making. LMS holds a pivotal position in contemporary higher education. This research explores undergraduate students’ continued learning intentions, grounded in the Expectation-Confirmation Model and Flow Theory, while assessing the moderating effect of intrinsic motivation within this context. From January to August 2023, an online survey gathered self-reported data on satisfaction, confirmation, perceived value, continued intention, flow experience, and intrinsic motivation from 232 undergraduate students across three universities in Henan Province using the Questionnaire Star platform. Analysis using Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) confirmed all research hypotheses except for the insignificant impact of flow on satisfaction and continued intention, demonstrating the model’s significant explanatory power for continued intention, explaining 90.8% of the variance. The adjusted R<jats:sup>2</jats:sup> was 90.6%, and the Q<jats:sup>2</jats:sup> value reached 78.5%. Intrinsic motivation was found to moderate the relationship between satisfaction and continued intention positively, but it did not affect the relationship between perceived value and continued intention. The findings underscore the importance of LMS in educational settings and provide insights into enhancing user experience, student engagement, and satisfaction. Recommendations include the need for developers to improve the LMS interface and functionalities, for educators to enrich learning resources, and for students to recognize the value of LMS and set clear goals to foster their intrinsic motivation.","PeriodicalId":48167,"journal":{"name":"Sage Open","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142223562","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-08-21DOI: 10.1177/21582440241271231
Sia Woon Teen, Tan Jih Huei, Lee Tiong Chan, Tay Jia Chyi
Covid-19 pandemic has brought drastic and unprecedented challenges to the medical education and medical students, affecting them physically, mentally and emotionally. While progressing through the post-pandemic recovery phase, it is crucial to comprehensively evaluate the pandemic’s consequences and tackle the underlying problems. To investigate the impact of Covid-19 pandemic on medical students’ mental health, social well-being, and academic progression. A cross-sectional study was carried out with voluntary sampling of students from both government and private medical schools in Malaysia. A self-administered online survey form containing three validated psychological tools was distributed (Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale HADS, Rosenberg Self-esteem Scale, NIH Toolbox Social Relationship Scales). There were also questions regarding the challenges faced by medical students and their academic performance during Covid-19 pandemic. Scores of each questionnaire were tabulated, analyzed and interpreted according to their specific cut-points. Two hundred and thirteen responses were received. 89.2% (n = 190) were domestic students while 10.8% (n = 23) were international students. Out of 32 medical universities in Malaysia, the participants were from 19 of them (9 public and 10 private universities). About half of the participants had contracted Covid-19 infection during the study period (n = 124, 58.2%). Majority had chosen “Lack of on-campus learning and training session causing incompetency” as the most relevant impact of Covid-19 on their academic progression (n = 85, 39.9%). Above 90% of participants passed their Final Academic Assessment in 2020 (91.5%) and 2021 (93.9%). About half of them (n = 86, 40.4%) were having symptoms considerable of anxiety while only 19.2% (n = 41) were having symptoms considerable of depression. Majority had normal self-esteem (n = 177, 83.1%). For social relationship, around two-third of them had great social support and companionship. However, more than half had social distress. The median for the period of time having absolute online classes, absolute physical classes and hybrid classes were 18, 4, and 9 months, respectively. Having absolute online classes of >18 months was associated significantly with higher perceived hostility (16.49vs. 14.47, p = .012). In addition, being infected with Covid-19 was associated significantly with higher self-esteem (26.88vs. 25.85, p = .009). Large proportion of students were affected by Covid-19 pandemic. Absolute online classes has huge impact on emotions of medical students especially from the aspect of perceived hostility. Hence, implementation of online medical education during Covid-19 era requires modifications and improvements.
{"title":"Post-Pandemic Evaluation: Impact of Covid-19 Pandemic on Medical Students’ Mental Health, Self-Esteem, Social Interactions, and Academic Progression in Malaysia","authors":"Sia Woon Teen, Tan Jih Huei, Lee Tiong Chan, Tay Jia Chyi","doi":"10.1177/21582440241271231","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/21582440241271231","url":null,"abstract":"Covid-19 pandemic has brought drastic and unprecedented challenges to the medical education and medical students, affecting them physically, mentally and emotionally. While progressing through the post-pandemic recovery phase, it is crucial to comprehensively evaluate the pandemic’s consequences and tackle the underlying problems. To investigate the impact of Covid-19 pandemic on medical students’ mental health, social well-being, and academic progression. A cross-sectional study was carried out with voluntary sampling of students from both government and private medical schools in Malaysia. A self-administered online survey form containing three validated psychological tools was distributed (Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale HADS, Rosenberg Self-esteem Scale, NIH Toolbox Social Relationship Scales). There were also questions regarding the challenges faced by medical students and their academic performance during Covid-19 pandemic. Scores of each questionnaire were tabulated, analyzed and interpreted according to their specific cut-points. Two hundred and thirteen responses were received. 89.2% (n = 190) were domestic students while 10.8% (n = 23) were international students. Out of 32 medical universities in Malaysia, the participants were from 19 of them (9 public and 10 private universities). About half of the participants had contracted Covid-19 infection during the study period (n = 124, 58.2%). Majority had chosen “Lack of on-campus learning and training session causing incompetency” as the most relevant impact of Covid-19 on their academic progression (n = 85, 39.9%). Above 90% of participants passed their Final Academic Assessment in 2020 (91.5%) and 2021 (93.9%). About half of them (n = 86, 40.4%) were having symptoms considerable of anxiety while only 19.2% (n = 41) were having symptoms considerable of depression. Majority had normal self-esteem (n = 177, 83.1%). For social relationship, around two-third of them had great social support and companionship. However, more than half had social distress. The median for the period of time having absolute online classes, absolute physical classes and hybrid classes were 18, 4, and 9 months, respectively. Having absolute online classes of >18 months was associated significantly with higher perceived hostility (16.49vs. 14.47, p = .012). In addition, being infected with Covid-19 was associated significantly with higher self-esteem (26.88vs. 25.85, p = .009). Large proportion of students were affected by Covid-19 pandemic. Absolute online classes has huge impact on emotions of medical students especially from the aspect of perceived hostility. Hence, implementation of online medical education during Covid-19 era requires modifications and improvements.","PeriodicalId":48167,"journal":{"name":"Sage Open","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142177285","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-08-17DOI: 10.1177/21582440241266440
Miguel Ángel Sánchez-Tena, Clara Martinez-Perez, Laura Rocha-Rocha, Cesar Villa-Collar, Cristina Alvarez-Peregrina
Nowadays, due to the increase in traffic accidents, research has emphasized the importance of vision in driving. This research aims to study the relationships between publications and their corresponding authors and identify the different research areas on vision and safe driving that have awakened interest in researchers. Web of Science was the database utilized for searching publications from the first paper published (1957) to December 2021, selecting the keywords: driv*, safety, and vision. The publications’ analysis was made using the CitNetExplorer, VOSviewer, and CiteSpace software. A total of 3,777 publications and 3,887 citation networks were found. In 2019, there was a total of 391 publications and 15 citation networks. The most cited publication was “Older Drivers and Cataract: Driving Habits and Crash Risk” published by Owsley et al. in 1999, with 76 as citation index. By the clustering function, five groups were found that cover the main research areas in this field: ocular movements, detection systems, road safety, and age. The citation network offers both, a quantitative and qualitative analysis of the main articles. Being a multidisciplinary field of study, current research emphasizes the importance of eye movements while driving, the visual impairment in elderly drivers, and the new video-based detection systems.
{"title":"Importance of Visual Health for a Safe Driving: A Citations Network Analysis","authors":"Miguel Ángel Sánchez-Tena, Clara Martinez-Perez, Laura Rocha-Rocha, Cesar Villa-Collar, Cristina Alvarez-Peregrina","doi":"10.1177/21582440241266440","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/21582440241266440","url":null,"abstract":"Nowadays, due to the increase in traffic accidents, research has emphasized the importance of vision in driving. This research aims to study the relationships between publications and their corresponding authors and identify the different research areas on vision and safe driving that have awakened interest in researchers. Web of Science was the database utilized for searching publications from the first paper published (1957) to December 2021, selecting the keywords: driv*, safety, and vision. The publications’ analysis was made using the CitNetExplorer, VOSviewer, and CiteSpace software. A total of 3,777 publications and 3,887 citation networks were found. In 2019, there was a total of 391 publications and 15 citation networks. The most cited publication was “Older Drivers and Cataract: Driving Habits and Crash Risk” published by Owsley et al. in 1999, with 76 as citation index. By the clustering function, five groups were found that cover the main research areas in this field: ocular movements, detection systems, road safety, and age. The citation network offers both, a quantitative and qualitative analysis of the main articles. Being a multidisciplinary field of study, current research emphasizes the importance of eye movements while driving, the visual impairment in elderly drivers, and the new video-based detection systems.","PeriodicalId":48167,"journal":{"name":"Sage Open","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142177286","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-08-16DOI: 10.1177/21582440241271936
Zuhal Gök Demir, Fulya Erendağ Sümer, Çiğdem Karakaya, Şükrü Aydın
It is important to examine how video games affect gender-based dynamics in society as their popularity continues to rise. Video games can be a powerful force in shaping perceptions of social reality, including teenage gamers’ perceptions of gender roles. The impact of video games may be more influential for teenagers who are maturing their expectations, thoughts, and attitudes by providing images and messages that can shape the perceptions of gender roles and societal expectations of appearances. Thus, the paper aims to introduce the gender insights of teenage gamers in Türkiye by conducting separate focus group discussions for male and female teenage gamers via the Zoom platform in June 2021. Data were analyzed using thematic analysis under seven themes; representation of game style; depiction of characters in video games; reflection about stereotypes towards gamers; equality of characters in video games; bullying in video games; representation of others in video games; and perspective on gender equality. The findings suggest that both male and female teenagers are more open-minded about gender equality and aware of the struggles of change. However, when their insights are researched in detail it is clear that male gamers still perceive stereotypic gender roles whereas female gamers naturalized gender equality.
{"title":"Women’s Struggle for a Voice in Gaming Culture Among Youth in Türkiye","authors":"Zuhal Gök Demir, Fulya Erendağ Sümer, Çiğdem Karakaya, Şükrü Aydın","doi":"10.1177/21582440241271936","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/21582440241271936","url":null,"abstract":"It is important to examine how video games affect gender-based dynamics in society as their popularity continues to rise. Video games can be a powerful force in shaping perceptions of social reality, including teenage gamers’ perceptions of gender roles. The impact of video games may be more influential for teenagers who are maturing their expectations, thoughts, and attitudes by providing images and messages that can shape the perceptions of gender roles and societal expectations of appearances. Thus, the paper aims to introduce the gender insights of teenage gamers in Türkiye by conducting separate focus group discussions for male and female teenage gamers via the Zoom platform in June 2021. Data were analyzed using thematic analysis under seven themes; representation of game style; depiction of characters in video games; reflection about stereotypes towards gamers; equality of characters in video games; bullying in video games; representation of others in video games; and perspective on gender equality. The findings suggest that both male and female teenagers are more open-minded about gender equality and aware of the struggles of change. However, when their insights are researched in detail it is clear that male gamers still perceive stereotypic gender roles whereas female gamers naturalized gender equality.","PeriodicalId":48167,"journal":{"name":"Sage Open","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142177309","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-08-16DOI: 10.1177/21582440241272016
Angel Deroncele-Acosta, Omar Bellido-Valdiviezo, María de los Ángeles Sánchez-Trujillo, Madeleine Lourdes Palacios-Núñez, Hernán Rueda-Garcés, José Gregorio Brito-Garcías
Although Artificial Intelligence (AI) is notable in education, the studies on its specific application in university science education are still incipient. At the same time, the research demonstrates a critical need to systematize AI pillars to provide a coherent and clear structure to guide the development, implementation, and understanding of this technology in various fields, but very little progress has been made in the field of university science education. Therefore, the present study was aimed at exploring the essential pillars of AI for university science education. This scoping review followed the Arksey and O’Malley methodology, which unfolds five stages; based on established criteria 89 texts were finally selected and included in the study. Ten pillars were found: (1) AI Ethics, (2) AI Didactic Integration (AI-DI), (3) Machine Learning (ML), (4) Deep Learning (DL), (5) Active Learning (AL), (6) Intelligent Prediction (AI-IP), (7) Natural Language Processing (NLP), (8) Augmented reality and Virtual reality (AR/VR), (9) Artificial Neural Network (ANN), and (10) Intelligent Tutoring System (ITS). The study provides a comprehensive synthesis of current trends and advances in this field, highlighting good practices that provide empirical evidence, highlighting ethical, pedagogical, and technical challenges associated with the application of AI in science education, which can contribute to the formation of an aware and ethical educational community in the use of AI.
{"title":"Ten Essential Pillars in Artificial Intelligence for University Science Education: A Scoping Review","authors":"Angel Deroncele-Acosta, Omar Bellido-Valdiviezo, María de los Ángeles Sánchez-Trujillo, Madeleine Lourdes Palacios-Núñez, Hernán Rueda-Garcés, José Gregorio Brito-Garcías","doi":"10.1177/21582440241272016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/21582440241272016","url":null,"abstract":"Although Artificial Intelligence (AI) is notable in education, the studies on its specific application in university science education are still incipient. At the same time, the research demonstrates a critical need to systematize AI pillars to provide a coherent and clear structure to guide the development, implementation, and understanding of this technology in various fields, but very little progress has been made in the field of university science education. Therefore, the present study was aimed at exploring the essential pillars of AI for university science education. This scoping review followed the Arksey and O’Malley methodology, which unfolds five stages; based on established criteria 89 texts were finally selected and included in the study. Ten pillars were found: (1) AI Ethics, (2) AI Didactic Integration (AI-DI), (3) Machine Learning (ML), (4) Deep Learning (DL), (5) Active Learning (AL), (6) Intelligent Prediction (AI-IP), (7) Natural Language Processing (NLP), (8) Augmented reality and Virtual reality (AR/VR), (9) Artificial Neural Network (ANN), and (10) Intelligent Tutoring System (ITS). The study provides a comprehensive synthesis of current trends and advances in this field, highlighting good practices that provide empirical evidence, highlighting ethical, pedagogical, and technical challenges associated with the application of AI in science education, which can contribute to the formation of an aware and ethical educational community in the use of AI.","PeriodicalId":48167,"journal":{"name":"Sage Open","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142223565","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-08-16DOI: 10.1177/21582440241263147
Felix Machleid, Roberto Fernandez Crespo, Kelsey Flott, Saira Ghafur, Ara Darzi, Erik Mayer, Ana Luisa Neves
The COVID-19 pandemic has driven the transition from face-to-face visits to virtual care delivery. In this study, we explore patients’ perceptions of the benefits and challenges of using virtual primary care technologies during the pandemic, using machine learning approaches. A cross-sectional survey was conducted in August 2020 in Italy, Sweden, Germany, and the UK. Latent Dirichlet Allocation was used to identify themes of two open-ended questions. Comparisons between participant characteristics were made using Wilcoxon rank-sum test. 6,331 participants were included (51.7% female; 42.4% +55 years; 60.5% white ethnicity; 86.6% low literacy). The benefits extracted included: primary care delivery, infection control, reducing contacts, virtual care, timeliness, patient-doctor interaction, convenience, and safety. Participants from Sweden were most likely to mention “primary care delivery” (UK p = .007, IT p = .03, DE p < .001), from the UK “virtual care” (SE p < .001, IT p < .001, DE p < .001) and from Italy “patient-doctor interaction” (UK p < .001, SE p < .001, DE p < .001). The challenges included: diagnostic difficulties, physical examination, digital health risks, technical challenges, virtual care, data security and protection, and lack of personal contact. “Diagnostic difficulties” was most significantly mentioned in Sweden (UK p = .009, IT p < .001, DE p < .001), “virtual care” in the UK (IT p = .02, SE p = .001, DE p < .001), and “data security and protection” in Germany (UK p < .001, IT p = .019, SE p < .001). Our study reinforces the feasibility of using machine learning to explore large qualitative datasets. Our findings contribute to a better identification of the lessons learned during the pandemic and inform improvements in policy and practice.
COVID-19 大流行推动了从面对面就诊到虚拟医疗服务的转变。在本研究中，我们利用机器学习方法探讨了患者对大流行期间使用虚拟初级保健技术的益处和挑战的看法。我们于 2020 年 8 月在意大利、瑞典、德国和英国进行了一项横断面调查。采用潜在 Dirichlet 分配法确定了两个开放式问题的主题。参与者特征之间的比较采用 Wilcoxon 秩和检验。共纳入 6331 名参与者（51.7% 为女性；42.4% 年龄在 55 岁以上；60.5% 为白人；86.6% 文化程度较低）。所提取的益处包括：初级医疗服务、感染控制、减少接触、虚拟医疗、及时性、医患互动、便利性和安全性。来自瑞典的参与者最有可能提到 "提供初级医疗服务"（英国 p = .007，信息技术 p = .03，德国 p <.001），来自英国的参与者最有可能提到 "虚拟医疗服务"（瑞典 p <.001，信息技术 p <.001，德国 p <.001），来自意大利的参与者最有可能提到 "医患互动"（英国 p <.001，瑞典 p <.001，德国 p <.001）。挑战包括：诊断困难、身体检查、数字健康风险、技术挑战、虚拟医疗、数据安全和保护以及缺乏个人接触。"诊断困难 "在瑞典被提及最多（英国 p = .009，信息技术 p = .001，德国 p = .001），"虚拟医疗 "在英国被提及最多（信息技术 p = .02，东南欧 p = .001，德国 p = .001），"数据安全和保护 "在德国被提及最多（英国 p = .001，信息技术 p = .019，东南欧 p = .001）。我们的研究加强了使用机器学习探索大型定性数据集的可行性。我们的研究结果有助于更好地识别大流行病期间的经验教训，并为政策和实践的改进提供信息。
{"title":"Assessing Public Perceptions of Virtual Primary Care During the COVID-19 Pandemic in the UK, Germany, Sweden, and Italy: A Topic Modeling Approach","authors":"Felix Machleid, Roberto Fernandez Crespo, Kelsey Flott, Saira Ghafur, Ara Darzi, Erik Mayer, Ana Luisa Neves","doi":"10.1177/21582440241263147","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/21582440241263147","url":null,"abstract":"The COVID-19 pandemic has driven the transition from face-to-face visits to virtual care delivery. In this study, we explore patients’ perceptions of the benefits and challenges of using virtual primary care technologies during the pandemic, using machine learning approaches. A cross-sectional survey was conducted in August 2020 in Italy, Sweden, Germany, and the UK. Latent Dirichlet Allocation was used to identify themes of two open-ended questions. Comparisons between participant characteristics were made using Wilcoxon rank-sum test. 6,331 participants were included (51.7% female; 42.4% +55 years; 60.5% white ethnicity; 86.6% low literacy). The benefits extracted included: primary care delivery, infection control, reducing contacts, virtual care, timeliness, patient-doctor interaction, convenience, and safety. Participants from Sweden were most likely to mention “primary care delivery” (UK p = .007, IT p = .03, DE p < .001), from the UK “virtual care” (SE p < .001, IT p < .001, DE p < .001) and from Italy “patient-doctor interaction” (UK p < .001, SE p < .001, DE p < .001). The challenges included: diagnostic difficulties, physical examination, digital health risks, technical challenges, virtual care, data security and protection, and lack of personal contact. “Diagnostic difficulties” was most significantly mentioned in Sweden (UK p = .009, IT p < .001, DE p < .001), “virtual care” in the UK (IT p = .02, SE p = .001, DE p < .001), and “data security and protection” in Germany (UK p < .001, IT p = .019, SE p < .001). Our study reinforces the feasibility of using machine learning to explore large qualitative datasets. Our findings contribute to a better identification of the lessons learned during the pandemic and inform improvements in policy and practice.","PeriodicalId":48167,"journal":{"name":"Sage Open","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142177288","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-08-16DOI: 10.1177/21582440241271183
Muhammad Zakiy
Leaders have become a key factor in determining the future of an organization. For this reason, support from leaders is very influential on work engagement and employee performance in the organization. Leaders can form a conducive work atmosphere so that employees can be motivated to work. This study aims to link person supervisor fit to employee performance and work engagement mediated by a leader-member exchange. Respondents in this study were employees of six Islamic banks in the province of DIY. Collecting data through questionnaires were distributed online and offline to 158 employees of Islamic Banks. Data were analyzed through SEM-PLS using SMART-PLS software. The results of this study prove that PS-Fit can have a positive effect on employee performance and work engagement. In addition, this study can also examine the role of LMX as a mediating variable that connects PS-Fit to employee performance and employee work engagement. For this reason, managers at Islamic Banks need to optimize the role of leaders in the company, such as improving interpersonal relationships with employees in order to improve employee performance and employee work engagement.
{"title":"Linking Person Supervisor Fit With Employee Performance and Work Engagement: The Mediating Role of LMX","authors":"Muhammad Zakiy","doi":"10.1177/21582440241271183","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/21582440241271183","url":null,"abstract":"Leaders have become a key factor in determining the future of an organization. For this reason, support from leaders is very influential on work engagement and employee performance in the organization. Leaders can form a conducive work atmosphere so that employees can be motivated to work. This study aims to link person supervisor fit to employee performance and work engagement mediated by a leader-member exchange. Respondents in this study were employees of six Islamic banks in the province of DIY. Collecting data through questionnaires were distributed online and offline to 158 employees of Islamic Banks. Data were analyzed through SEM-PLS using SMART-PLS software. The results of this study prove that PS-Fit can have a positive effect on employee performance and work engagement. In addition, this study can also examine the role of LMX as a mediating variable that connects PS-Fit to employee performance and employee work engagement. For this reason, managers at Islamic Banks need to optimize the role of leaders in the company, such as improving interpersonal relationships with employees in order to improve employee performance and employee work engagement.","PeriodicalId":48167,"journal":{"name":"Sage Open","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142177304","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-08-16DOI: 10.1177/21582440241271229
Mei-Hui Chen, Chih-Hung Yuan, Kune-Muh Tsai
Entrepreneurship benefits economic development and innovation, and provides competitive advantages. Thus, entrepreneurship issues have received widespread attention from both academia and governments. However, there is relatively scarce research on the issues or topics that concern most people when talking about entrepreneurship on social media platforms. This study explores global entrepreneurship issues on Twitter. It adopts a text-mining technique followed by a social network analysis to analyze global, real-time longitudinal, and qualitative data from Twitter using 138,089 tweets related to entrepreneurship from 28,592 Twitter users. We observe that the startup phase is the most critical issue when talking about entrepreneurship because most people are interested in acquiring information on how to start a new venture. We also find that busy entrepreneurs prefer obtaining tips to help them work smart. Finally, the four most discussed topics are starting a business, success tips, startup, and team building. The research period is not long enough and all samples in the study are from Twitter Although they are representative, future research can improve the academic and practical implications with extended data collection periods and cross-platforms.
{"title":"Exploring Global Entrepreneurship Issues on Twitter","authors":"Mei-Hui Chen, Chih-Hung Yuan, Kune-Muh Tsai","doi":"10.1177/21582440241271229","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/21582440241271229","url":null,"abstract":"Entrepreneurship benefits economic development and innovation, and provides competitive advantages. Thus, entrepreneurship issues have received widespread attention from both academia and governments. However, there is relatively scarce research on the issues or topics that concern most people when talking about entrepreneurship on social media platforms. This study explores global entrepreneurship issues on Twitter. It adopts a text-mining technique followed by a social network analysis to analyze global, real-time longitudinal, and qualitative data from Twitter using 138,089 tweets related to entrepreneurship from 28,592 Twitter users. We observe that the startup phase is the most critical issue when talking about entrepreneurship because most people are interested in acquiring information on how to start a new venture. We also find that busy entrepreneurs prefer obtaining tips to help them work smart. Finally, the four most discussed topics are starting a business, success tips, startup, and team building. The research period is not long enough and all samples in the study are from Twitter Although they are representative, future research can improve the academic and practical implications with extended data collection periods and cross-platforms.","PeriodicalId":48167,"journal":{"name":"Sage Open","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142177302","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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