Family Relations最新文献_第10页

Expanding the family circle: Local in-law relationships and their role in supporting foreign spouses 扩大家庭圈：本地姻亲关系及其在支持外籍配偶方面的作用

IF 1.7 3区社会学 Q2 FAMILY STUDIES

Family Relations

Pub Date : 2024-03-19 DOI: 10.1111/fare.13022

Ruth Ang-Tan, Hyekyung Choo

Objective

This study investigates the role of local families-in-law in the lives of foreign spouses from low-income, cross-national families in Singapore, focusing on their potential as a source of support for social integration and access to resources.

Background

Foreign spouses in Singapore face challenges related to social integration and access to resources, and local in-law relationships have been identified as a potential source of support.

Method

In-depth interviews with 18 Chinese-national foreign spouses were analyzed using thematic analysis.

Results

Siblings-in-law were vital to foreign spouses, providing more emotional and practical support than parents-in-law. Local in-law relationships influenced foreign spouses' identification with locals, and the local in-laws' familiarity with local resources and networks facilitated access to formal and informal services, contributing to equitable outcomes.

Conclusion

Local families-in-law play a critical role in the lives of foreign spouses in Singapore, especially siblings-in-law. The findings highlight the potential of local in-law relationships as a support system for cross-national families.

Implications

The study's findings can inform policies and practices that support the well-being of cross-national families. Policymakers and practitioners should recognize the potential of local in-law relationships and develop programs to strengthen them.

本研究调查了本地姻亲关系在新加坡低收入跨国家庭外籍配偶生活中的作用，重点关注他们作为社会融合和获取资源的潜在支持来源。当地的姻亲关系影响了外籍配偶对当地人的认同，而当地姻亲对当地资源和网络的熟悉程度促进了获得正规和非正规服务的机会，有助于实现公平的结果。研究结果凸显了本地姻亲关系作为跨国家庭支持系统的潜力。政策制定者和从业人员应认识到本地姻亲关系的潜力，并制定计划加强这种关系。

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引用次数: 0

The role of gender, stress, and social support in parents' pandemic well-being: A cross-national study 性别、压力和社会支持在父母的流行病福祉中的作用：一项跨国研究

IF 1.7 3区社会学 Q2 FAMILY STUDIES

Family Relations

Pub Date : 2024-03-15 DOI: 10.1111/fare.13018

Kjærsti Thorsteinsen, Marie Heijens, Elizabeth J. Parks-Stamm, Laura Froehlich, Sarah E. Martiny

Objective

The goal was to investigate whether and how the well-being of mothers and fathers was differentially affected by the COVID-19 pandemic in four European countries and whether differences in stress and social support explain observed gender differences.

Background

Previous research documents that the COVID-19 pandemic had a significant impact on many people's lives and that some groups, such as women and parents, were affected more negatively than others. This study investigates potential underlying mechanisms and protective factors.

Method

In November 2020, 448 parents (218 fathers and 230 mothers, M_age = 41.18, SD = 8.47) from four European countries (Norway, Sweden, Germany, and the United Kingdom) completed an online questionnaire. Parents of elementary schoolchildren reported their stress, well-being, and social support currently and retrospectively for the first lockdown (spring 2020).

Results

Mothers experienced lower well-being than fathers during the pandemic, and parental well-being differed between countries. In addition, the stress caused by the need to combine paid work and child care partly mediated the relationship between gender and well-being, and social support played a protective role by buffering individuals from the negative impact of stress on well-being.

Conclusion

The study allows a more differentiated perspective on the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on parental well-being in Europe.

Implications

Results suggest in future health-related crises, policymakers and practitioners working with families should focus on providing additional support to mothers of young children to maintain their well-being.

本研究旨在调查欧洲四国的母亲和父亲的福祉是否以及如何受到 COVID-19 大流行的不同影响，以及压力和社会支持的差异是否可以解释观察到的性别差异。2020 年 11 月，来自四个欧洲国家（挪威、瑞典、德国和英国）的 448 名家长（218 名父亲和 230 名母亲，Mage = 41.18，SD = 8.47）填写了一份在线问卷。在大流行期间，母亲的幸福感低于父亲，各国父母的幸福感也不尽相同。此外，需要兼顾有偿工作和照顾孩子所造成的压力在一定程度上调节了性别与幸福感之间的关系，而社会支持则通过缓冲个人压力对幸福感的负面影响发挥了保护作用。研究结果表明，在未来与健康相关的危机中，政策制定者和从事家庭工作的从业人员应侧重于为幼儿母亲提供额外支持，以维持她们的幸福感。

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引用次数: 0

Making family meals happen: Working mothers' work–family boundary management strategies in Singapore 让家庭聚餐成为现实：新加坡职业母亲的工作与家庭边界管理策略

IF 1.7 3区社会学 Q2 FAMILY STUDIES

Family Relations

Pub Date : 2024-03-15 DOI: 10.1111/fare.13021

Simone Tan Hwee Boon, Eunae Cho

Objective

We examined how working mothers, who often juggle paid work and family meal preparation, manage work–family boundaries to optimize their family meal practice.

Background

Despite the well-established benefits of family meals, reconciliation of work demands with family meal preparation represents a challenge for many working mothers. A better understanding of malleable antecedents of family meals can be instrumental in enabling more families to have meals together.

Method

Full-time working mothers of young children (aged below 12) in Singapore were individually interviewed (N = 34). In addition to the information about their typical family meal arrangements, we explored work and family factors that shape family meals and the strategies working mothers use to manage work–family boundaries. Data were analyzed using thematic analysis.

Results

Working mothers adopt various work–family boundary management strategies (temporal, behavioral, and communication) to achieve desired family meal frequency and quality of mealtime interactions. Mothers' broad views on work–family management and thoughts about family meals undergird their choice of specific strategies.

Conclusion

This research revealed working mothers' active management of work–family boundaries as a novel answer to the critical question of how working mothers of young children make family meals happen.

Implications

Our research has practical implications for working mothers' ability to facilitate family meals.

尽管家庭聚餐的益处已得到公认，但对于许多职业母亲来说，如何协调工作需求与家庭聚餐是一项挑战。更好地了解家庭聚餐的可塑因素有助于让更多的家庭能够共进晚餐。我们对新加坡有年幼子女（12 岁以下）的全职工作母亲进行了个别访谈（34 人）。除了了解她们典型的家庭用餐安排外，我们还探讨了影响家庭用餐的工作和家庭因素，以及职业母亲处理工作与家庭界限的策略。职业母亲采取各种工作与家庭边界管理策略（时间、行为和沟通），以达到理想的家庭用餐频率和用餐时间互动质量。这项研究揭示了职场母亲对工作与家庭界限的积极管理，这是对有年幼子女的职场母亲如何实现家庭聚餐这一关键问题的一个新答案，我们的研究对职场母亲促进家庭聚餐的能力具有实际意义。

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引用次数: 0

Leisure time and parenting in Europe: a more difficult equation for mothers? 欧洲的闲暇时间与养育子女：母亲们更难达成的等式？

IF 1.7 3区社会学 Q2 FAMILY STUDIES

Family Relations

Pub Date : 2024-03-10 DOI: 10.1111/fare.13017

Anna Martinez Mendiola, Clara Cortina

Objective

This paper analyzes gender inequalities in leisure time within coresident opposite-sex couples with and without children at home in five European countries to evaluate the gendered parental impact in leisure time.

Background

In European societies, women continue to bear much of the physical and mental burden involved in running a household and managing family life resulting in greater levels of stress and time deprivation. Time spent in leisure has been associated with better physical and psychological wellness. Understanding how gender influences the distribution of leisure time among couples living with and without children at home, and how these effects differ across European countries, is important to understand individual and couples' well-being.

Method

Drawing on information from the Multinational Time Use Study for 15,024 matched couples residing in Spain, Italy, France, Finland, and the United Kingdom, we conduct a series of ordinary-least-squares regression analyses with country fixed effects.

Results

The general trends reveal that women in Europe allocate less time to leisure and that mothers experience lower leisure of high quality compared to their partners when their children are below the age of 5. However, Finnish and British couples exhibit a more egalitarian distribution of leisure time regardless of their parental status, particularly when compared to Italian and Spanish ones.

Conclusion

This study unveils a gendered use of leisure time, as well as a gendered parental impact when children are young. However, the impact of women's second shift in leisure time varies across countries, suggesting a cultural and institutional effect.

Implications

These findings have implications for researchers, health professionals, and policymakers concerned with understanding and alleviating situations of overstress, time poverty, and depression among women, but especially among mothers of young children.

本文分析了五个欧洲国家家中有孩子和没有孩子的同居异性夫妇在休闲时间上的性别不平等现象，以评估父母在休闲时间上的性别影响。在欧洲社会中，妇女继续承担着操持家务和管理家庭生活的大部分身心负担，导致压力更大、时间更少。休闲时间与更好的身心健康息息相关。了解性别如何影响家中有孩子和没有孩子的夫妇的休闲时间分配，以及这些影响在欧洲各国有何不同，对于了解个人和夫妇的幸福非常重要。我们利用多国时间利用研究（Multinational Time Use Study）中关于居住在西班牙、意大利、法国、芬兰和英国的 15,024 对匹配夫妇的信息，进行了一系列带有国家固定效应的普通最小二乘法回归分析。然而，芬兰和英国的夫妇在闲暇时间的分配上更加平等，无论他们的父母地位如何，尤其是与意大利和西班牙的夫妇相比。这项研究揭示了闲暇时间使用的性别特征，以及在孩子年幼时父母的性别影响。这些发现对研究人员、卫生专业人员和政策制定者了解和缓解妇女，尤其是幼儿母亲压力过大、时间贫乏和抑郁的情况具有重要意义。

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引用次数: 0

Mothering in liminality: Toward a definition of third culture parenting 边缘中的母爱：第三文化养育的定义

IF 1.7 3区社会学 Q2 FAMILY STUDIES

Family Relations

Pub Date : 2024-03-08 DOI: 10.1111/fare.13019

Claire D'Attoma, Jennie Germann Molz

Objective

This study proposes a preliminary definition of third culture parenting drawn from the experiences of relatively privileged expat mothers who raise their children outside of their passport country.

Background

A vast literature examining third culture kids (TCKs) in the context of expatriate postings exists, as does research on parenting styles among middle-class, U.S. families; however, there is little scholarship exploring where these intersect: an emerging style of third culture parenting.

Method

This gap was explored through an inductive, qualitative analysis of data collected from 11 in-depth interviews with middle-class mothers who were all married and globally mobile because of their husbands' work. In total, these families lived in 17 countries.

Results

Respondents reflected on the challenges and opportunities of parenting while suspended in a liminal space between geographic locations and cultural contexts.

Conclusion

This article examines several paradoxes that emerged in the analysis: juggling intensive parenting with children's increased independence, navigating family dynamics that are both insular and egalitarian, and creating a sense of belonging in mobility. Analysis of these paradoxes of mothering in liminality is significant if the transnational lives of expatriate families are harbingers of the kinds of identities and family relations that are becoming commonplace in a mobile world.

Implications

The phenomenon of TCKs is well documented in the scholarship, but it must also be understood in relation to an emerging style of third culture parenting among expatriate families, which may inform therapeutic interventions aimed at these families.

目的本研究根据相对优越的外籍母亲在其护照国以外的地方抚养子女的经验，提出了第三文化养育的初步定义。背景大量文献研究了外派人员背景下的第三文化小孩（TCKs），也有研究美国中产阶级家庭的养育方式；然而，很少有学者探讨这些研究的交叉点：一种新兴的第三文化养育方式。研究方法通过对 11 个中产阶级母亲的深入访谈所收集的数据进行归纳和定性分析，对这一空白进行了探索。这些家庭共居住在 17 个国家。结果受访者在地理位置和文化背景之间的边缘空间中，反思了为人父母的挑战和机遇。结论本文探讨了分析中出现的几种悖论：兼顾密集育儿与子女独立性的增强，驾驭既孤立又平等的家庭动态，以及在流动中创造归属感。如果外籍家庭的跨国生活预示着在流动的世界中，各种身份和家庭关系正变得司空见惯，那么对这些处于边缘状态的母亲的悖论进行分析就具有重要意义。意义学术界对第三文化养育者（TCKs）现象有大量记载，但还必须结合外籍家庭中新出现的第三文化养育方式来理解，这可能会为针对这些家庭的治疗干预措施提供参考。

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引用次数: 0

“We should be treated like we are somebody”: Building supportive relationships with LGBTQ foster youth "我们应该被视为有身份的人"：与女同性恋、男同性恋、双性恋和变性者寄养青年建立支持关系

IF 1.7 3区社会学 Q2 FAMILY STUDIES

Family Relations

Pub Date : 2024-03-07 DOI: 10.1111/fare.13020

June C. Paul, Caro Cruys

Objective

This study uses in-depth interviews and ecomapping techniques to explore LGBTQ youths' relationships with child welfare professionals and other affiliated, nonparental adults (CWP/ANPAs) who play a primary role in providing them with care and services.

Background

Supportive relationships with caring adults are essential in reducing minority stress impacts and improving outcomes for LGBTQ foster youth, who often face victimization affecting their access to support. However, limited knowledge exists regarding LGBTQ foster youths' relationships with CWP/ANPAs and the role of relational support in their identity disclosure and access to appropriate care and services.

Method

Twenty-one LGBTQ foster youth, aged 17 to 21, participated in interviews and constructed visual diagrams of their relationships with CWP/ANPAs. Data were analyzed using directed content analysis.

Results

Findings highlight the need for CWP/ANPAs to improve relationships with LGBTQ foster youth. These improvements can be achieved through engagement in attitudes and practices that facilitate relationship development (e.g., empathy, respect, affirmation, knowledge, responsiveness), and reduce existing barriers (e.g., neglect, discrimination, mistreatment, lack of knowledge, fear of rejection).

Conclusions

To provide better support LGBTQ foster youth, CWP/ANPAs and child welfare agencies should increase their knowledge and skills, be more responsive to LGBTQ youths' specific needs, and implement inclusive policies and practice standards.

Implications

CWP/ANPAs and agencies working with LGBTQ foster youth must develop an awareness and understanding of the strengths, needs, and challenges of LGBTQ foster youth to reduce stigma, bias, and discrimination in the foster care system and engage in affirming actions and practices that create a more inclusive environment for this population.

目标本研究采用深度访谈和电子绘图技术，探讨 LGBTQ 青少年与儿童福利专业人员及其他附属的非父母成年人（CWP/ANPA）之间的关系，这些人在为 LGBTQ 青少年提供照顾和服务方面发挥着主要作用。背景与关爱青少年的成年人建立支持性关系对于减少少数群体的压力影响和改善 LGBTQ 寄养青少年的结果至关重要，因为 LGBTQ 寄养青少年经常面临受害问题，影响他们获得支持。然而，关于 LGBTQ 寄养青少年与 CWP/ANPA 的关系以及关系支持在他们的身份披露和获得适当护理和服务方面所起的作用，目前所知有限。方法 21 名年龄在 17 至 21 岁之间的 LGBTQ 寄养青年参加了访谈，并构建了他们与 CWP/ANPA 关系的可视化图表。采用定向内容分析法对数据进行分析。结果研究结果表明，CWP/ANPA 需要改善与 LGBTQ 寄养青少年的关系。这些改善可以通过参与促进关系发展的态度和实践来实现（例如，移情、尊重、肯定、了解、回应），并减少现有的障碍（例如，忽视、歧视、虐待、缺乏了解、害怕被拒绝）。结论为了给 LGBTQ 寄养青少年提供更好的支持，CWP/ANPA 和儿童福利机构应增加他们的知识和技能，更好地满足 LGBTQ 青少年的特殊需求，并实施包容性政策和实践标准。影响社区福利规划师/全国儿童福利规划师和从事 LGBTQ 寄养青少年工作的机构必须提高对 LGBTQ 寄养青少年的优势、需求和挑战的认识和理解，以减少寄养系统中的污名化、偏见和歧视，并采取积极的行动和做法，为这一群体创造更具包容性的环境。

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引用次数: 0

Playtime and bedtime relate to cortisol levels for children facing economic hardship 游戏时间和就寝时间与经济困难儿童的皮质醇水平有关

IF 1.7 3区社会学 Q2 FAMILY STUDIES

Family Relations

Pub Date : 2024-03-04 DOI: 10.1111/fare.13016

Eleanor D. Brown, Fola X. Shokunbi, Mallory L. Garnett

Objective

This study elucidates relations among playtime, bedtime, and cortisol levels for children facing economic hardship.

Background

Poverty-related stressors overburden physiological systems that respond to stress, with implications for child health and development. The family microsystem can offer protection, yet no prior published studies have explored whether time allocated to various home activities might relate to stress levels.

Method

The study included 130 children aged 3 to 5 years who attended a Head Start preschool, and their primary caregivers. Trained research assistants completed daily telephone interviews with the caregivers across 10 days near the start of the preschool year to assess activities at home and, at a midyear time point, collected child saliva samples upon preschool arrival on 2 weekdays to assess morning levels of the stress hormone cortisol.

Results

Zero-order correlational and linear regression analyses indicated that a greater proportion of playtime and earlier bedtime relative to waketime (i.e., more sleep time) related to lower morning cortisol levels.

Conclusion

Greater playtime and sleep time may mitigate the tax of poverty on physiological stress response systems.

Implications

Implications concern family strengths that might be built upon to promote the well-being of children facing economic hardship.

目的本研究阐明了经济困难儿童的游戏时间、就寝时间和皮质醇水平之间的关系。背景与贫困相关的压力使生理系统不堪重负，从而影响儿童的健康和发展。家庭微观系统可以提供保护，但之前没有公开发表的研究探讨了分配给各种家庭活动的时间是否与压力水平有关。研究方法这项研究包括 130 名年龄在 3-5 岁、就读于启蒙学前班的儿童及其主要照顾者。训练有素的研究助理在学前班即将开学的 10 天内，每天对这些儿童的看护人进行电话访谈，以评估他们在家中的活动情况，并在学年中期的两个工作日，在儿童到达学前班时采集他们的唾液样本，以评估早晨压力荷尔蒙皮质醇的水平。结果零阶相关分析和线性回归分析表明，相对于清醒时间，玩耍时间越长、就寝时间越早（即睡眠时间越长），早晨皮质醇水平越低。结论增加游戏时间和睡眠时间可减轻贫困对生理应激反应系统的影响。影响影响涉及家庭的优势，可以利用这些优势促进面临经济困难的儿童的福祉。

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引用次数: 0

Experiences of post-divorce parentification and parental affection: Implications for emerging adults' well-being 离婚后的亲子关系和父母之爱：对新成人福祉的影响

IF 1.7 3区社会学 Q2 FAMILY STUDIES

Family Relations

Pub Date : 2024-02-28 DOI: 10.1111/fare.13013

Renée E. Wilkins-Clark, Zijun Wu, Melinda Stafford Markham

Objective

The present study examined how emerging adults' perceived parentification and parental affection toward themselves and their sibling after parental divorce are associated with mental health so that researchers and practitioners can better understand the influence of sibling dynamics in this process.

Background

Although parentification may be prevalent within the context of parental divorce, little is known about how perceived sibling parentification and parental affection (i.e., individual and sibling) are related to individuals' reports of mental health for those who have experienced parental divorce.

Method

The sample consisted of 106 emerging adults with a living biological sibling and parents who divorced. Hierarchical regressions were used to investigate associations among levels (i.e., individual and sibling) and differences (i.e., individual versus sibling) in self-perceived post-divorce parentification and parental affection and outcomes (i.e., current symptoms of depression, anxiety, and stress).

Results

Higher reports of self-perceived parentification were significantly related to higher reports of participants' depressive and stress symptomology. Greater self-perceived parental affection for siblings had a significant positive relationship with the aforementioned outcomes.

Implications

Important implications on the potentially long-lasting effects of perceived parental treatment are included for divorce education facilitators and family therapists working with divorcing parents.

本研究探讨了父母离异后，新兴成人感知到的亲子关系以及父母对自己和兄弟姐妹的爱与心理健康之间的关系，以便研究人员和从业人员更好地了解兄弟姐妹动态在这一过程中的影响。虽然亲子关系在父母离异的背景下可能很普遍，但对于感知到的兄弟姐妹亲子关系和父母的爱（即个人和兄弟姐妹）与经历过父母离异的人的心理健康报告之间的关系，人们知之甚少、虽然亲子关系在父母离异的情况下可能很普遍，但人们对感知到的兄弟姐妹亲子关系和父母亲情（即个人和兄弟姐妹）与经历过父母离异的人的心理健康报告之间的关系却知之甚少。我们使用层次回归法研究了自我认知的离婚后亲子关系和父母亲情的水平（即个人和兄弟姐妹）和差异（即个人和兄弟姐妹）与结果（即当前的抑郁、焦虑和压力症状）之间的关系。对于离婚教育促进者和与离婚父母合作的家庭治疗师来说，感知到的父母对待子女的方式可能会产生长期的影响。

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引用次数: 0

Partner and social support in childbearing and rearing in a Gulf Coast Native American community 墨西哥湾沿岸美国原住民社区在生儿育女方面的伙伴和社会支持

IF 1.7 3区社会学 Q2 FAMILY STUDIES

Family Relations

Pub Date : 2024-02-26 DOI: 10.1111/fare.13011

Jessica L. Liddell, Emily C. Hicks

Objective

This study sought to understand the roles of partners in pregnancy, childbirth, and childrearing in Indigenous communities. It explores supportive and unsupportive attitudes in the relationships mothers experienced, and how these relationships affected their lives.

Background

Settler colonialism has negatively impacted Indigenous communities. However, little research has explored how it has influenced partner and social support during the perinatal time period.

Methods

Through 31 semistructured interviews with women from a tribe in the southeastern United States, participants described their experiences with supportive and unsupportive partners and how that shaped their experiences during pregnancy, childbirth, and childrearing.

Results

Participants described themes of (a) supportive and unsupportive partner relationships, (b) importance of partner support in childbirth, and (c) mothers as primary caregivers.

Conclusion

Results suggest that women experienced a wide range of partner relationships, and they relied more on their female family members to provide support during this time, rather than counting on their male counterparts.

Implications

Health care providers may want to take these findings into consideration when approaching their patient's care. These findings indicate that the impacts of settler colonialism continue to impact family relationships for the participants in this study.

本研究旨在了解原住民社区中伴侣在怀孕、分娩和养育子女过程中所扮演的角色。它探讨了母亲们所经历的关系中支持和不支持的态度，以及这些关系如何影响她们的生活。定居殖民主义对土著社区产生了负面影响。通过对来自美国东南部一个部落的妇女进行 31 次半结构式访谈，参与者描述了她们与支持性和非支持性伴侣相处的经历，以及这些经历如何影响了她们在怀孕、分娩和育儿期间的经历。结果表明，妇女经历了各种各样的伴侣关系，她们在此期间更多地依靠女性家庭成员提供支持，而不是依靠男性家庭成员。医疗服务提供者在对病人进行护理时，可能需要考虑这些发现。这些研究结果表明，定居殖民主义的影响继续影响着本研究参与者的家庭关系。

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引用次数: 0

Development and validation of the Assessment Inventory on relationship Risks and Resources (AIRR) 关系风险和资源评估清单（AIRR）的编制和验证

IF 1.7 3区社会学 Q2 FAMILY STUDIES

Family Relations

Pub Date : 2024-02-22 DOI: 10.1111/fare.13007

Astrid B. Leth-Nissen, Hanne N. Fentz, Kaare B. Wellnitz, Tea L. Trillingsgaard

Objective

This study aimed to develop and validate the psychometric structure of the Assessment Inventory on relationship Risks and Resources (AIRR), a multidimensional, yet brief, package of existing single-domain measures (relationship satisfaction, intimacy, trust, commitment, conflict strategies, reconciliation, coparenting, sexual satisfaction, and responsive attention).

Background

In evidence-based approaches to couple interventions, a conceptualization of a couple's key issues and strengths is often an important clinical task.

Method

A representative sample of 1,371 individuals, 18–69 years of age and cohabiting with a partner, completed the AIRR online. Initially, we randomly split the data in two halves. On the first split-half of data, we reduced the number of items, explored the psychometrics, and tested the internal validity of each scale separately as well as combined, using exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses. On the second half, we tested replicability of initial results.

Results

After item reduction, each scale in the AIRR showed internal reliabilities (Cronbach's alphas) ranging from .72 to .94. Results confirmed a seven-factor structure of the 52-item package with the coparenting scale omitted.

Conclusion and implications

Findings supported the AIRR as a reliable inventory that may effectively assist clinicians in the assessment of relationship risks and resources.

本研究旨在开发和验证 "夫妻关系风险与资源评估量表"（AIRR）的心理测量结构，该量表是由现有的单领域测量（夫妻关系满意度、亲密关系、信任、承诺、冲突策略、和解、共同养育子女、性满意度和响应性关注）组成的多维而简短的一揽子量表。在以证据为基础的夫妻干预方法中，对夫妻的关键问题和优势进行概念化通常是一项重要的临床任务。最初，我们随机将数据分成两半。在分成两半的第一部分数据中，我们减少了项目数量，探索了心理测量学，并使用探索性和确认性因素分析分别测试了每个量表的内部效度以及合并后的内部效度。减少项目后，AIRR 中每个量表的内部信度（Cronbach's alphas）从 0.72 到 0.94 不等。研究结果表明，AIRR 是一个可靠的量表，可以有效地帮助临床医生评估人际关系风险和资源。

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引用次数: 0