This study explored the relationship between communicative openness (CO) and adoptive parents' attachment styles and reflective functioning.
Background
CO involves addressing adoption-related issues within the family. Few studies have examined the connection between parental characteristics and CO.
Method
Two hundred seventeen adoptive parents (158 women) completed the Communication About Adoption Within the Family Questionnaire, the Parental Bonding Instrument, the Parental Reflective Functioning Questionnaire, and the Experiences in Close Relationships—Revised. Path model analyses were conducted.
Results
Parents' avoidant attachment (β = −.19, p = .008), maternal overprotection (β = −.19, p = .031), and prementalizing modes (β = −.41, p = .002; β = −.37, p = .001; β = −.45, p < .001, respectively) were linked to lower, less emotionally attuned, and unsatisfying CO. In turn, paternal overprotection (β = .21, p = .008) and certainty about the children's mental states (β = .20, p = .012; β = .33, p < .001; β = .26, p = .010, respectively) were related to more frequent, emotionally attuned, and satisfying CO.
Conclusion
These findings highlight the role of parents' attachment styles and reflective functioning in shaping CO.
Implications
Health care professionals should consider parents' attachment styles and reflective capacities to support CO in adoptive families.
目的探讨交流开放性与养父母依恋类型和反思功能的关系。背景CO涉及处理家庭内部与收养有关的问题。方法对217名养父母（158名女性）完成了《家庭内收养沟通问卷》、《父母关系量表》、《父母反思功能问卷》和《亲密关系中的经历-修订版》。进行路径模型分析。结果父母回避依恋(β =−；19, p = .008)，产妇过度保护（β = .008）。19, p = .031)和预化模式(β = -。41, p = .002；β =−。37, p = .001；β =−。p <；相反，父亲的过度保护（β = .21, p = .008）和对孩子心理状态的确定性(β = .20, p = .012; β = .33, p < 001；β = 0.26, p = 0.010)与更频繁的、情感上协调的、结论这些发现突出了父母的依恋风格和反思功能在形成CO中的作用。启示卫生保健专业人员应考虑父母的依恋风格和反思能力来支持收养家庭的CO。
{"title":"Openly communicate about adoption: The role of parents' attachment and reflective functioning","authors":"Laura Gorla, Chiara Fusco, Alessandra Santona","doi":"10.1111/fare.70052","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/fare.70052","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study explored the relationship between communicative openness (CO) and adoptive parents' attachment styles and reflective functioning.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>CO involves addressing adoption-related issues within the family. Few studies have examined the connection between parental characteristics and CO.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Method</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Two hundred seventeen adoptive parents (158 women) completed the Communication About Adoption Within the Family Questionnaire, the Parental Bonding Instrument, the Parental Reflective Functioning Questionnaire, and the Experiences in Close Relationships—Revised. Path model analyses were conducted.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Parents' avoidant attachment (β = −.19, <i>p</i> = .008), maternal overprotection (β = −.19, <i>p</i> = .031), and prementalizing modes (β = −.41, <i>p</i> = .002; β = −.37, <i>p</i> = .001; β = −.45, <i>p</i> < .001, respectively) were linked to lower, less emotionally attuned, and unsatisfying CO. In turn, paternal overprotection (β = .21, <i>p</i> = .008) and certainty about the children's mental states (β = .20, <i>p</i> = .012; β = .33, <i>p</i> < .001; β = .26, <i>p</i> = .010, respectively) were related to more frequent, emotionally attuned, and satisfying CO.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>These findings highlight the role of parents' attachment styles and reflective functioning in shaping CO.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Implications</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Health care professionals should consider parents' attachment styles and reflective capacities to support CO in adoptive families.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":48206,"journal":{"name":"Family Relations","volume":"74 5","pages":"2471-2486"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/fare.70052","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145486920","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Emma Watson, Gretchen Biesecker, Jane Carpenter, Ashlan Speck, Molly E. DuBuc
Objective
This study examines changes in family protective factors and parenting stress upon completion of a strengths-based, universal parenting program.
Background
Parenting programs can contribute to children's well-being and resilience by increasing protective factors and reducing parenting stress.
Methods
Participants included 442 caregivers of at least one child prenatal to age 8 years who graduated from Families First's Power of Parenting Program (i.e., attended at least eight of 12 sessions), and 95 who attended zero to four sessions. Most identified as Hispanic/Latinx, women, and between the ages of 26 and 40 years. Differences in subscale scores on the Protective Factors Survey (PFS) and Parenting Stress Index, Fourth Edition Short Form (PSI-4-SF) from pre- to post-program were measured based on attendance.
Results
Paired-samples t tests indicated parents who graduated from the program scored significantly higher in all subscales of both the PFS and PSI-4-SF in the postsurvey compared with the presurvey. Parents who attended zero to four sessions demonstrated no significant difference between pre and post scores in any subscale. Program graduates showed the greatest growth in concrete support.
Conclusion
These findings support the efficacy of the Power of Parenting Program's strengths-based approach.
Implications
This study supports the continued development and evaluation of strengths-based approaches to parenting programs.
{"title":"Evaluation of family protective factors and parenting stress following the strengths-based Power of Parenting Program","authors":"Emma Watson, Gretchen Biesecker, Jane Carpenter, Ashlan Speck, Molly E. DuBuc","doi":"10.1111/fare.70034","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/fare.70034","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study examines changes in family protective factors and parenting stress upon completion of a strengths-based, universal parenting program.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Parenting programs can contribute to children's well-being and resilience by increasing protective factors and reducing parenting stress.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Participants included 442 caregivers of at least one child prenatal to age 8 years who graduated from Families First's Power of Parenting Program (i.e., attended at least eight of 12 sessions), and 95 who attended zero to four sessions. Most identified as Hispanic/Latinx, women, and between the ages of 26 and 40 years. Differences in subscale scores on the Protective Factors Survey (PFS) and Parenting Stress Index, Fourth Edition Short Form (PSI-4-SF) from pre- to post-program were measured based on attendance.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Paired-samples <i>t</i> tests indicated parents who graduated from the program scored significantly higher in all subscales of both the PFS and PSI-4-SF in the postsurvey compared with the presurvey. Parents who attended zero to four sessions demonstrated no significant difference between pre and post scores in any subscale. Program graduates showed the greatest growth in concrete support.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>These findings support the efficacy of the Power of Parenting Program's strengths-based approach.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Implications</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study supports the continued development and evaluation of strengths-based approaches to parenting programs.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":48206,"journal":{"name":"Family Relations","volume":"75 1","pages":"9-23"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145987022","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Frederique Corcoran, Adrianna N. Bell, Elizabeth L. Shaver, Katie J. Stone, Lauren A. Hindt, Rebecca J. Shlafer
Objective
We explored how relationship closeness across six contexts form distinct profiles among Minnesota youth with a history of parental incarceration and how these profiles relate to self-reported anxiety and depression.
Background
In Minnesota, one in six youth report having a parent who has been incarcerated. There is a need for strengths-based research on protective factors associated with positive mental health outcomes for this population.
Method
Data were analyzed from the cross-sectional 2022 Minnesota Student Survey, which included a sample of eighth, ninth, and 11th graders in public schools who reported parental incarceration (17%; N = 13,423). Latent profile analysis identified patterns of closeness to parents, relatives, friends, teachers, school adults, and community adults. Wald chi-square tests and regressions examined differences in self-reported anxiety and depression across profiles, controlling for age, sex, race/ethnicity, and food and housing insecurity.
Results
Six distinct relationship profiles emerged. Youth with higher levels of closeness across all relationships, especially with family, reported significantly lower levels of anxiety and depression symptoms.
Conclusions
Our findings reveal associations between constellations of close relationships and reduced anxiety and depression among youth with a history of parental incarceration.
Implications
Results inform multisystem policies and programs aimed at strengthening youth relationships, particularly family bonds, during and after parental incarceration.
{"title":"Parental incarceration, youth mental health, and resilience: Relationships at home and beyond","authors":"Frederique Corcoran, Adrianna N. Bell, Elizabeth L. Shaver, Katie J. Stone, Lauren A. Hindt, Rebecca J. Shlafer","doi":"10.1111/fare.70047","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/fare.70047","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We explored how relationship closeness across six contexts form distinct profiles among Minnesota youth with a history of parental incarceration and how these profiles relate to self-reported anxiety and depression.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In Minnesota, one in six youth report having a parent who has been incarcerated. There is a need for strengths-based research on protective factors associated with positive mental health outcomes for this population.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Method</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Data were analyzed from the cross-sectional 2022 Minnesota Student Survey, which included a sample of eighth, ninth, and 11th graders in public schools who reported parental incarceration (17%; <i>N</i> = 13,423). Latent profile analysis identified patterns of closeness to parents, relatives, friends, teachers, school adults, and community adults. Wald chi-square tests and regressions examined differences in self-reported anxiety and depression across profiles, controlling for age, sex, race/ethnicity, and food and housing insecurity.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Six distinct relationship profiles emerged. Youth with higher levels of closeness across all relationships, especially with family, reported significantly lower levels of anxiety and depression symptoms.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Our findings reveal associations between constellations of close relationships and reduced anxiety and depression among youth with a history of parental incarceration.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Implications</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Results inform multisystem policies and programs aimed at strengthening youth relationships, particularly family bonds, during and after parental incarceration.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":48206,"journal":{"name":"Family Relations","volume":"74 5","pages":"2720-2737"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/fare.70047","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145486743","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Zeinab Azizi, Mariana K. Falconier, Mark J. Lachowicz
Objective
This study evaluated the TOGETHER program's effectiveness by comparing pre- and postintervention assessments of psychological distress, relationship functioning, and financial management among online, in-person, and control groups.
Background
The COVID-19 pandemic necessitated the shift of couple relationship education programs online, including the TOGETHER program. This study evaluated whether the online version is as effective as the in-person program.
Method
Self-report data from 604 couples recruited from the Washington, DC, metropolitan area were analyzed using dyadic multilevel models to test mean differences from pre- to postintervention within and across groups, controlling for demographics and baseline outcomes.
Results
The online group's improvements in positive conflict management, conflict management satisfaction, relationship quality, shared time with partner, and relationship satisfaction, as well as reductions in psychological distress and negative conflict management, were not significantly different from those of the in-person group. Improvements in positive conflict management, relationship quality and satisfaction, and reduction in negative conflict management were significantly different from the control group. There were no significant differences between the intervention groups in attrition and attendance rates.
Conclusion
The online TOGETHER program is as effective as the in-person version in improving individual well-being and relationship functioning.
Implications
This study illustrates that online couple relationship programs can offer a vital alternative for couples facing barriers to attending in-person programs.
{"title":"Evaluation of the online TOGETHER relationship and financial education program for couples","authors":"Zeinab Azizi, Mariana K. Falconier, Mark J. Lachowicz","doi":"10.1111/fare.70044","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/fare.70044","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study evaluated the TOGETHER program's effectiveness by comparing pre- and postintervention assessments of psychological distress, relationship functioning, and financial management among online, in-person, and control groups.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The COVID-19 pandemic necessitated the shift of couple relationship education programs online, including the TOGETHER program. This study evaluated whether the online version is as effective as the in-person program.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Method</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Self-report data from 604 couples recruited from the Washington, DC, metropolitan area were analyzed using dyadic multilevel models to test mean differences from pre- to postintervention within and across groups, controlling for demographics and baseline outcomes.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The online group's improvements in positive conflict management, conflict management satisfaction, relationship quality, shared time with partner, and relationship satisfaction, as well as reductions in psychological distress and negative conflict management, were not significantly different from those of the in-person group. Improvements in positive conflict management, relationship quality and satisfaction, and reduction in negative conflict management were significantly different from the control group. There were no significant differences between the intervention groups in attrition and attendance rates.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The online TOGETHER program is as effective as the in-person version in improving individual well-being and relationship functioning.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Implications</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study illustrates that online couple relationship programs can offer a vital alternative for couples facing barriers to attending in-person programs.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":48206,"journal":{"name":"Family Relations","volume":"74 5","pages":"2761-2780"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145486914","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study aimed to explore the process of economic hardship among low-income, cross-national families with couples formed through marriages where one spouse is a citizen of Singapore and the other spouse a noncitizen, focusing on their coping strategies.
Background
In high-income Asian countries, low-income, cross-national families face various psycho-socio-economic challenges. Although it is established that they live with significantly lower income than their mono-national counterparts, qualitative research is scarce on their lived experiences of economic hardship and coping strategies.
Method
We thematically analyzed paired interviews by 35 cross-national couples with low income in Singapore. Using the capability approach, we examined their lived experiences of economic hardship, two dimensions of capability (external opportunities and internal abilities), and the interactions of different capabilities between noncitizen and citizen spouses in coping with economic hardship.
Results
Noncitizen spouses' limited external opportunities related to structural barriers and small social networks not only reduced their ability to be independent but also strained their citizen spouses' financial and help-seeking capacity when families coped with economic hardship.
Conclusion
The participants' responses suggest a systemic connection between limited external opportunities, marital power imbalance, and undermined internal abilities among low-income, cross-national couples in Singapore.
Implications
To enhance the capabilities of cross-national couples in Singapore, we propose that a family-centered approach to policy may provide benefits for low-income, cross-national families.
{"title":"Low-income cross-national couples' coping with economic hardship in Singapore","authors":"Hyekyung Choo, Yu Wei Neo, Imelda Diamse Lee","doi":"10.1111/fare.70043","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/fare.70043","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study aimed to explore the process of economic hardship among low-income, cross-national families with couples formed through marriages where one spouse is a citizen of Singapore and the other spouse a noncitizen, focusing on their coping strategies.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In high-income Asian countries, low-income, cross-national families face various psycho-socio-economic challenges. Although it is established that they live with significantly lower income than their mono-national counterparts, qualitative research is scarce on their lived experiences of economic hardship and coping strategies.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Method</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We thematically analyzed paired interviews by 35 cross-national couples with low income in Singapore. Using the capability approach, we examined their lived experiences of economic hardship, two dimensions of capability (external opportunities and internal abilities), and the interactions of different capabilities between noncitizen and citizen spouses in coping with economic hardship.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Noncitizen spouses' limited external opportunities related to structural barriers and small social networks not only reduced their ability to be independent but also strained their citizen spouses' financial and help-seeking capacity when families coped with economic hardship.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The participants' responses suggest a systemic connection between limited external opportunities, marital power imbalance, and undermined internal abilities among low-income, cross-national couples in Singapore.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Implications</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To enhance the capabilities of cross-national couples in Singapore, we propose that a family-centered approach to policy may provide benefits for low-income, cross-national families.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":48206,"journal":{"name":"Family Relations","volume":"74 5","pages":"2900-2920"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/fare.70043","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145486685","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Inka-Liisa Kuusiaho, Sanna Moilanen, Petteri Eerola, Marja Leena Böök, Kaisa Malinen, Liana Leach, Anna Rönkä
Objective
This study examined changes in the sufficiency of emotional and practical social support from relatives and friends for first-time parents between 6 and 18 months postpartum and its association with psychological distress during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Background
While the positive impact of social support on parental well-being is well documented in cross-sectional studies, longitudinal research about sources and types of support and its effects on psychological distress during the COVID-19 pandemic is limited.
Method
Using longitudinal survey data from 287 Finnish first-time parents during the pandemic, we employed multiple regression analysis to examine how changes in the sufficiency of emotional and practical support were associated with psychological distress. To investigate the nature of support further, open-ended survey responses were analyzed thematically.
Results
We found changes and stability in the sufficiency of support from relatives and friends. Stable sufficient or improved support was associated with lower psychological distress, whereas insufficient or weakening support was predominantly associated with higher psychological distress. Based on thematic analysis, we found that those with weak support networks struggled to access practical support during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Conclusion
The findings from both quantitative and qualitative analyses highlight the polarization of perceived sufficient social support. Rather than the source of support, the experience of sufficiency is crucial for parents' well-being.
Implications
Strengthening societal actions, such as developing support networks and providing guidance proactively, is essential to improving parental well-being during crises.
{"title":"Finnish first-time parents' support and psychological distress during the covid-19 pandemic: A longitudinal study","authors":"Inka-Liisa Kuusiaho, Sanna Moilanen, Petteri Eerola, Marja Leena Böök, Kaisa Malinen, Liana Leach, Anna Rönkä","doi":"10.1111/fare.70042","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/fare.70042","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study examined changes in the sufficiency of emotional and practical social support from relatives and friends for first-time parents between 6 and 18 months postpartum and its association with psychological distress during the COVID-19 pandemic.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>While the positive impact of social support on parental well-being is well documented in cross-sectional studies, longitudinal research about sources and types of support and its effects on psychological distress during the COVID-19 pandemic is limited.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Method</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Using longitudinal survey data from 287 Finnish first-time parents during the pandemic, we employed multiple regression analysis to examine how changes in the sufficiency of emotional and practical support were associated with psychological distress. To investigate the nature of support further, open-ended survey responses were analyzed thematically.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We found changes and stability in the sufficiency of support from relatives and friends. Stable sufficient or improved support was associated with lower psychological distress, whereas insufficient or weakening support was predominantly associated with higher psychological distress. Based on thematic analysis, we found that those with weak support networks struggled to access practical support during the COVID-19 pandemic.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The findings from both quantitative and qualitative analyses highlight the polarization of perceived sufficient social support. Rather than the source of support, the experience of sufficiency is crucial for parents' well-being.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Implications</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Strengthening societal actions, such as developing support networks and providing guidance proactively, is essential to improving parental well-being during crises.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":48206,"journal":{"name":"Family Relations","volume":"74 5","pages":"2255-2276"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/fare.70042","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145486786","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study explored how caring for COVID-19 patients impacted the marriages and support systems of healthcare workers in Turkey.
Background
The pandemic intensified mental health challenges for healthcare workers, significantly affecting their personal and professional relationships. Understanding the experiences of married healthcare workers is crucial for addressing unique stressors and enhancing relational resilience.
Method
Seventeen healthcare professionals treating COVID-19 patients were interviewed. Thematic analysis was used to examine couple dynamics and connections with broader support systems.
Results
Within couple relationships, themes included communication patterns (both positive and negative), division of domestic labor, adherence to hygiene measures, emotional bonding and physical intimacy, and financial strains. At a broader systems level, participants described experiencing both supportive actions and emotional distance from their close social circles and organizational structures, underscoring the pandemic's complex influence on healthcare workers’ relational worlds.
Conclusion
Many participants reported strengthened relationships through shared activities and emotional support. However, some couples, burdened by long hours and lack of support, experienced negative interaction patterns.
Implications
The study highlights the influence of gender on the pandemic's impact on healthcare workers’ marriages and social connections, underscoring the need for targeted support systems during global health crises.
{"title":"Navigating couple and larger systems dynamics: Healthcare workers’ COVID-19 experiences in Turkey","authors":"Fatma Arıcı-Şahin, Özlem Köse","doi":"10.1111/fare.70045","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/fare.70045","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study explored how caring for COVID-19 patients impacted the marriages and support systems of healthcare workers in Turkey.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The pandemic intensified mental health challenges for healthcare workers, significantly affecting their personal and professional relationships. Understanding the experiences of married healthcare workers is crucial for addressing unique stressors and enhancing relational resilience.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Method</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Seventeen healthcare professionals treating COVID-19 patients were interviewed. Thematic analysis was used to examine couple dynamics and connections with broader support systems.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Within couple relationships, themes included communication patterns (both positive and negative), division of domestic labor, adherence to hygiene measures, emotional bonding and physical intimacy, and financial strains. At a broader systems level, participants described experiencing both supportive actions and emotional distance from their close social circles and organizational structures, underscoring the pandemic's complex influence on healthcare workers’ relational worlds.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Many participants reported strengthened relationships through shared activities and emotional support. However, some couples, burdened by long hours and lack of support, experienced negative interaction patterns.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Implications</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The study highlights the influence of gender on the pandemic's impact on healthcare workers’ marriages and social connections, underscoring the need for targeted support systems during global health crises.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":48206,"journal":{"name":"Family Relations","volume":"74 5","pages":"2277-2296"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145486961","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Rose Wesche, Madelyn Toman, Katherine R. Allen, Shivangi Gupta, Erika L. Grafsky
Objective
This systematic review examined how parents socialize their adolescents' sexual behaviors and attitudes through indirect communication processes.
Background
Sexual socialization between parents and adolescents extends beyond formal conversations about sexuality. Understanding indirect sexual socialization can identify messages that may be helpful or harmful to adolescents living in the United States, a culture where family conversations about sex are often uncomfortable and infrequent.
Method
We systematically reviewed 41 articles from 2012–2022 that addressed how U.S. parents indirectly socialize their adolescents' sexuality.
Results
Parents conveyed messages about sexuality through their behaviors (modeling behaviors and enforcing rules), words (and silence) in everyday conversations, and emotional reactions to sexual topics. These processes reflected parents' own sexualization within contexts in which sexual behavior during adolescence is seen as inappropriate, embarrassing, or private. Some adolescents internalized parents' indirect sexual socialization. However, parents and adolescents are also agentic and sometimes resisted problematic socialization processes.
Conclusion
Findings suggest that a cultural discourse of silence on adolescent sexuality leaves parents unprepared for everyday interactions that present socializing opportunities. Overcoming this lack of preparation requires conscious effort on the part of parents and adolescents.
Implications
Understanding indirect sexual socialization processes allows researchers and practitioners to identify strategies to interrupt problematic intergenerational cycles and to challenge the harmful effects of macrolevel political divisiveness on families and children.
{"title":"Beyond “the talk”: Parent–adolescent sexual socialization in a culture that silences discourse about adolescent sexuality","authors":"Rose Wesche, Madelyn Toman, Katherine R. Allen, Shivangi Gupta, Erika L. Grafsky","doi":"10.1111/fare.70041","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/fare.70041","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This systematic review examined how parents socialize their adolescents' sexual behaviors and attitudes through indirect communication processes.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Sexual socialization between parents and adolescents extends beyond formal conversations about sexuality. Understanding indirect sexual socialization can identify messages that may be helpful or harmful to adolescents living in the United States, a culture where family conversations about sex are often uncomfortable and infrequent.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Method</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We systematically reviewed 41 articles from 2012–2022 that addressed how U.S. parents indirectly socialize their adolescents' sexuality.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Parents conveyed messages about sexuality through their behaviors (modeling behaviors and enforcing rules), words (and silence) in everyday conversations, and emotional reactions to sexual topics. These processes reflected parents' own sexualization within contexts in which sexual behavior during adolescence is seen as inappropriate, embarrassing, or private. Some adolescents internalized parents' indirect sexual socialization. However, parents and adolescents are also agentic and sometimes resisted problematic socialization processes.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Findings suggest that a cultural discourse of silence on adolescent sexuality leaves parents unprepared for everyday interactions that present socializing opportunities. Overcoming this lack of preparation requires conscious effort on the part of parents and adolescents.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Implications</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Understanding indirect sexual socialization processes allows researchers and practitioners to identify strategies to interrupt problematic intergenerational cycles and to challenge the harmful effects of macrolevel political divisiveness on families and children.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":48206,"journal":{"name":"Family Relations","volume":"74 5","pages":"3077-3103"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/fare.70041","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145486800","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ruth Maman, Tehila Zisman, Debbie Rand, Michal Avrech Bar
Objective
To explore the maternal role through the subjective experiences of community-dwelling older mothers.
Background
Participation in meaningful life roles is essential for older adults' health. Motherhood, a meaningful life role of many women, includes various activities, but research has not focused on this role at older age. This study was conceptually guided by the model of human occupation (MOHO), emphasizing interactions between individuals' occupational identity, occupational competence and environment.
Method
A qualitative phenomenological method was used. Data were analyzed using inductive thematic analysis. Healthy community-dwelling mothers aged 65 years and older with at least one child were interviewed using semistructured in-depth interviews, face-to-face or via video conference calls.
Results and conclusion
Thirty-seven older mothers, aged 66 to 93 years, participated in this study. All interviews were audio-recorded and transcribed verbatim and inductive content analysis was conducted. Three main categories were identified: (a) transformation within the maternal role, (b) mothers' need for belonging and differentiation, and (c) motherhood within occupational identity. Findings reveal that the maternal role remained central to the older mothers. Their participation and identity evolved in response to their aging and their children's life transitions. Values unique to older mothers, such as uniting the family and preserving independence in daily activities, were identified.
Implications
Barriers to older mothers' participation were identified—for example, wishing to unite the family but experiencing difficulties in organizing family gatherings due to age-related physical limitations. Implications to the health and well-being of older mothers are discussed.
{"title":"The maternal role of community-dwelling older women: A qualitative study","authors":"Ruth Maman, Tehila Zisman, Debbie Rand, Michal Avrech Bar","doi":"10.1111/fare.70037","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/fare.70037","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To explore the maternal role through the subjective experiences of community-dwelling older mothers.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Participation in meaningful life roles is essential for older adults' health. Motherhood, a meaningful life role of many women, includes various activities, but research has not focused on this role at older age. This study was conceptually guided by the model of human occupation (MOHO), emphasizing interactions between individuals' occupational identity, occupational competence and environment.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Method</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A qualitative phenomenological method was used. Data were analyzed using inductive thematic analysis. Healthy community-dwelling mothers aged 65 years and older with at least one child were interviewed using semistructured in-depth interviews, face-to-face or via video conference calls.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results and conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Thirty-seven older mothers, aged 66 to 93 years, participated in this study. All interviews were audio-recorded and transcribed verbatim and inductive content analysis was conducted. Three main categories were identified: (a) transformation within the maternal role, (b) mothers' need for belonging and differentiation, and (c) motherhood within occupational identity. Findings reveal that the maternal role remained central to the older mothers. Their participation and identity evolved in response to their aging and their children's life transitions. Values unique to older mothers, such as uniting the family and preserving independence in daily activities, were identified.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Implications</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Barriers to older mothers' participation were identified—for example, wishing to unite the family but experiencing difficulties in organizing family gatherings due to age-related physical limitations. Implications to the health and well-being of older mothers are discussed.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":48206,"journal":{"name":"Family Relations","volume":"75 1","pages":"197-212"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/fare.70037","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145958074","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The COVID-19 pandemic imposed unprecedented stressors on families, compelling parents to adapt to a global crisis of unparalleled magnitude. Research has emphasized the need to study the contributions of family resources, positive perceptions, and adaptive coping to parental adaptation outcomes.
Objective
The current cross-sectional study examined parental adaptation during the pandemic, specifically the contributory role of family resources, positive perceptions, and adaptive coping using the double ABC-X model.
Method
The analytical cohort comprised 1,386 parents extracted from the American sample of Ben Brik's (2020) Family Study. Intervariable relationships were assessed through multiple regression analyses.
Results
Parenting quality, family relationships, resilience beliefs, and adaptive coping were found to significantly contribute to parental adaptation. Parenting quality was the strongest and most significant contributor to parental adaptation. Family resilience beliefs were found to be a significant moderator between stressors and parental adaptation, whereas parenting quality acted as a moderator between stressor pileup and marital satisfaction.
Implications
This study have several implications for clinical service provision and policy development. Policymakers should address educational disparities, allocate resources to parenting education programs and mental health services, and reinforce family capital and support networks.
Conclusion
The double ABC-X model offers a robust framework for evaluating parental adaptation, stressors, resources, and coping strategies during the pandemic. The current study suggests the potential importance of understanding the complex interplay between these factors and their effects on parental outcomes. Findings can help inform interventions and support systems designed to assist parents in managing stress and fostering healthy family relationships.
{"title":"Factors influencing parental adaptation: A double ABC-X model approach","authors":"Anis Ben Brik, Yunqi Wang","doi":"10.1111/fare.70038","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/fare.70038","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The COVID-19 pandemic imposed unprecedented stressors on families, compelling parents to adapt to a global crisis of unparalleled magnitude. Research has emphasized the need to study the contributions of family resources, positive perceptions, and adaptive coping to parental adaptation outcomes.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The current cross-sectional study examined parental adaptation during the pandemic, specifically the contributory role of family resources, positive perceptions, and adaptive coping using the double ABC-X model.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Method</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The analytical cohort comprised 1,386 parents extracted from the American sample of Ben Brik's (2020) Family Study. Intervariable relationships were assessed through multiple regression analyses.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Parenting quality, family relationships, resilience beliefs, and adaptive coping were found to significantly contribute to parental adaptation. Parenting quality was the strongest and most significant contributor to parental adaptation. Family resilience beliefs were found to be a significant moderator between stressors and parental adaptation, whereas parenting quality acted as a moderator between stressor pileup and marital satisfaction.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Implications</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study have several implications for clinical service provision and policy development. Policymakers should address educational disparities, allocate resources to parenting education programs and mental health services, and reinforce family capital and support networks.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The double ABC-X model offers a robust framework for evaluating parental adaptation, stressors, resources, and coping strategies during the pandemic. The current study suggests the potential importance of understanding the complex interplay between these factors and their effects on parental outcomes. Findings can help inform interventions and support systems designed to assist parents in managing stress and fostering healthy family relationships.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":48206,"journal":{"name":"Family Relations","volume":"74 5","pages":"2585-2606"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/fare.70038","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145486977","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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