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From a Public Trust to “Bulls for Billionaires”: The Collision of Wealth and Politics in Big Sky Country 从公共信托到“亿万富翁的公牛”:大天空国家财富与政治的碰撞
IF 2.5 3区 社会学 Q1 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2023-03-15 DOI: 10.1080/08941920.2023.2188506
S. Eliason
Abstract Montana has long been known for the big game hunting opportunities it provides both residents and nonresidents. This may change in the future, as the state confronts a number of challenging issues that pose a serious threat to its long-standing hunting culture. This paper examines key changes that have occurred in recent years involving population and technology, landownership and access, and politics and license allocation. The potential impacts of these issues on the hunting experience are discussed.
蒙大拿州长期以来一直以其为居民和非居民提供的大型狩猎机会而闻名。这种情况在未来可能会改变,因为该州面临着一系列具有挑战性的问题,这些问题对其长期存在的狩猎文化构成了严重威胁。本文考察了近年来发生的主要变化,涉及人口和技术、土地所有权和使用权、政治和许可证分配。讨论了这些问题对狩猎体验的潜在影响。
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引用次数: 0
Measuring and Predicting Iowa Farmers’ Current and Potential Future Use of Cover Crops 测量和预测爱荷华州农民目前和潜在的未来使用覆盖作物
IF 2.5 3区 社会学 Q1 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2023-03-15 DOI: 10.1080/08941920.2023.2183442
Laurie Nowatzke, J. Arbuckle
Abstract Iowa currently relies on voluntary mechanisms to promote the adoption of agricultural conservation practices to mitigate soil and water quality impacts. We draw on the reasoned action approach and diffusion-adoption frameworks to understand individual-level and external factors that influence farmers’ adoption of cover crops, an agricultural conservation practice. We examined farmers’ likelihoods of being a firm nonuser, a potential future user, or a current user of cover crops. Using data from a survey of 6,006 Iowa farmers, we conducted a multinomial logistic regression to analyze predictors of adoption and potential future adoption of cover crops. Positive predictors include no-till usage; support for environmental action; influence by local social networks and public agencies; and pasture acres. Negative predictors include rented land and perceptions about agronomic barriers to Iowa water quality improvement. This work explores variation among non-adopters and contributes to a more nuanced understanding of potential future adopters of cover crops in Iowa.
摘要爱荷华州目前依靠自愿机制来促进采用农业保护措施,以减轻对土壤和水质的影响。我们利用合理的行动方法和扩散采用框架来了解影响农民采用覆盖作物(一种农业保护做法)的个人层面和外部因素。我们调查了农民成为覆盖作物的坚定非使用者、潜在未来使用者或当前使用者的可能性。利用对6006名爱荷华州农民的调查数据,我们进行了多项逻辑回归,以分析覆盖作物的采用和未来潜在采用的预测因素。积极的预测因素包括不收银的使用;支持环境行动;当地社交网络和公共机构的影响;牧场面积。负面预测因素包括租用的土地和对爱荷华州水质改善的农艺障碍的看法。这项工作探索了非采用者之间的差异,并有助于更细致地了解爱荷华州覆盖作物的潜在未来采用者。
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引用次数: 2
Despite Workforce Diversity Efforts, Career Metrics Differ for Some Demographic Groups in the USDA Forest Service 尽管努力实现劳动力多样化,但美国农业部林业局的一些人口统计群体的职业指标存在差异
IF 2.5 3区 社会学 Q1 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2023-03-15 DOI: 10.1080/08941920.2023.2183447
Sonya S. Sachdeva, Lynne M. Westphal, L. Kenefic, M. Dockry, D. Locke, C. L. Fisher
Abstract A diverse, representative workforce is both beneficial and legally mandated for U.S. federal agencies. While previous research documents overall diversity within public agencies, like the USDA Forest Service, little is known about career outcomes and trajectories within these agencies. In this work, we look at individual-level career metrics which reveal patterns in employee retention, advancement, and termination. Using employment data for over 25,000 USDA Forest Service employees, we found that race/ethnicity, gender, and the interaction of these variables significantly related to each career metric. For instance, BIPOC female employees entered at a higher grade but advanced more slowly and spent fewer years with the agency. BIPOC male employees started at lower grades and were more likely to be terminated than any other group. These results suggest that career performance within the Forest Service varies substantially as a function of race and gender. Additional research is needed to uncover why these unequal outcomes occur.
摘要多样化、有代表性的劳动力对美国联邦机构既是有益的,也是合法的。虽然之前的研究记录了美国农业部林业局等公共机构的整体多样性,但对这些机构的职业成果和轨迹知之甚少。在这项工作中,我们研究了个人层面的职业指标,这些指标揭示了员工留任、晋升和解雇的模式。使用超过25000名美国农业部林业局员工的就业数据,我们发现种族/民族、性别以及这些变量的相互作用与每个职业指标显著相关。例如,BIPOC的女性员工进入的级别更高,但进步更慢,在该机构工作的时间更少。BIPOC男性员工的起点较低,比其他任何群体都更有可能被解雇。这些结果表明,林务局的职业表现因种族和性别而异。需要更多的研究来揭示为什么会出现这些不平等的结果。
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引用次数: 3
Public Responses to Fossil Fuel Export: Exporting Energy and Emissions in a Time of Transition 公众对化石燃料出口的反应:转型时期的能源出口与排放
IF 2.5 3区 社会学 Q1 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2023-03-08 DOI: 10.1080/08941920.2023.2184887
Leonard Henderson, Mehmet Soyer
boomtown dynamics
新兴城市动力学
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引用次数: 0
Application of the Heuristic-Systematic Model to Chronic wasting Disease Risk perceptions 启发式系统模型在慢性消耗性疾病风险认知中的应用
IF 2.5 3区 社会学 Q1 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2023-03-08 DOI: 10.1080/08941920.2023.2183443
Kyle Smith, Adam C. Landon, S. Schroeder, Leslie E. Mcinenly
Abstract The heuristic-systematic model (HSM) suggests that when presented with a choice, individuals will use either heuristic or systematic processing modes to arrive at a judgment. In this paper, we evaluate the HSM model in the context of hunter perceptions toward chronic wasting disease (CWD), a neurological disease found in members of the family Cervidae that threatens the health of cervid populations and the flow of benefits humans derive from them. Data were obtained from surveys of hunters who harvested inside (N = 1500) and outside (N = 3500) of Disease Management Areas (DMAs) across the state of Minnesota with an overall response rate of ∼33%. Results suggested that self-efficacy and information sufficiency were associated with heuristic processing, while motivation was associated with systematic processing. Heuristic processing was associated with lower levels of perceived risk than systematic processing. Our results have implications for the communication efforts related to CWD management and engagement with the public.
摘要启发式系统模型(HSM)表明,当提出选择时,个人将使用启发式或系统处理模式来做出判断。在这篇论文中,我们在猎人对慢性消耗性疾病(CWD)的认知背景下评估了HSM模型,这是一种在鹿科成员中发现的神经疾病,威胁着鹿种群的健康以及人类从中获得的利益。数据来自于对在内部狩猎的猎人的调查(N = 1500)和外部(N = 3500)的疾病管理区(DMA),总体响应率为~33%。结果表明,自我效能感和信息充分性与启发式加工有关,而动机与系统加工有关。与系统处理相比,启发式处理与较低的感知风险水平相关。我们的研究结果对CWD管理和公众参与相关的沟通工作具有启示意义。
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引用次数: 1
Testing the Affect of Modified Sense of Place, Conservation Ethic, and Good Farmer Identity Measures on Predicting the Adoption of Cover Crops in Working Landscapes in Iowa 改良的地方意识、保护伦理和好农民身份对爱荷华州工作景观覆盖作物种植预测的影响检验
IF 2.5 3区 社会学 Q1 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2023-03-08 DOI: 10.1080/08941920.2023.2177917
Elizabeth A. Bennett, M. Burnham, J. Ulrich-Schad, J. Arbuckle, Weston M. Eaton, Sarah P. Church, F. Eanes, J. Cross, M. Williamson
Abstract While sense of place (SOP) has been used in amenity landscapes to understand pro-environmental behavior, in working landscapes, SOP has not been a valid or reliable predictor for explaining conservation behavior. In this paper, we advance theory on SOP in working landscapes by assessing the relationship between several new and modified sense of place measures and farmer adoption of cover crops in Iowa. We used data from a 2018 survey of Iowa farmers and a Bayesian logistic regression, finding that physical dependence and economic dependence are distinct dimensions of SOP in working landscapes and the addition of a measure beyond SOP of who farmers feel responsible to when making land management decisions provides insights on how social groups are influential in farmers’ decision-making. Our results suggest the SOP conceptual framework has the potential to help explain conservation behavior in working landscapes, and identifies opportunities for further reconceptualization and testing.
摘要虽然地方感(SOP)已被用于舒适景观以理解环保行为,但在工作景观中,SOP并不是解释保护行为的有效或可靠的预测因素。在本文中,我们通过评估几种新的和改良的地方感措施与爱荷华州农民采用覆盖作物之间的关系,提出了景观作业中SOP的理论。我们使用了2018年对爱荷华州农民的调查数据和贝叶斯逻辑回归,发现在工作环境中,身体依赖和经济依赖是SOP的不同维度,在SOP之外增加一项衡量农民在做出土地管理决策时对谁负责的指标,可以深入了解社会群体对农民决策的影响。我们的研究结果表明,SOP概念框架有可能帮助解释工作景观中的保护行为,并确定进一步重新概念化和测试的机会。
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引用次数: 1
Local Perspectives Matter: The Case of the Seasonal Fishery Closure in the Visayan Sea, Philippines 地方观点很重要:菲律宾维萨扬海季节性渔业关闭的案例
IF 2.5 3区 社会学 Q1 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2023-03-08 DOI: 10.1080/08941920.2023.2183444
Farisal Ungkakay-Bagsit, H. Monteclaro, D. Griffith
Abstract This study examines the knowledge, perceptions, and compliance of fisheries stakeholders with the seasonal fishery closure implemented in the Visayan Sea, Philippines. We interviewed 235 municipal fisheries stakeholders composed of municipal fishers, fish dryers, fish traders/fish brokers (regulated group) and local government units, Philippine National Police-Maritime Group/Philippine Coast Guard, and fish wardens (regulator group) in 12 coastal towns surrounding the Visayan Sea. Data from interviews were complemented by focus group discussions. Overall, municipal fisheries stakeholders have a fair knowledge about the SFC. The regulated group in the municipalities within Panay Island are more knowledgeable about the SFC compared to their counterparts in other areas. There is a positive correlation between the regulated group’s knowledge and perceptions about, and compliance, with the SFC. The lack of alternative livelihoods, uneven implementation of the SFC and poverty also influence compliance. Given our findings, addressing these factors is crucial to effective fisheries management.
摘要本研究考察了渔业利益相关者对菲律宾维沙延海季节性渔业关闭的了解、看法和遵守情况。我们采访了235名市政渔业利益相关者,包括市政渔民、鱼类烘干机、鱼类贸易商/鱼类经纪人(受监管小组)和地方政府单位、菲律宾国家警察海事小组/菲律宾海岸警卫队,以及维萨扬海周围12个沿海城镇的鱼类管理员(监管小组)。访谈数据得到重点小组讨论的补充。总的来说,市政渔业利益相关者对证监会有相当的了解。与其他地区的同行相比,帕奈岛市政的受监管团体对证监会的了解更为深入。受监管群体对证监会的了解和看法与合规性之间存在正相关关系。缺乏替代生计、证监会实施不均衡以及贫困也会影响合规性。鉴于我们的调查结果,解决这些因素对于有效的渔业管理至关重要。
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引用次数: 0
Mainstreaming Indigenous Knowledge Systems and Practices in Climate-Sensitive Policies for Resilient Agricultural Systems in Ghana 将土著知识体系和实践纳入加纳有韧性农业系统气候敏感政策的主流
IF 2.5 3区 社会学 Q1 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2023-03-04 DOI: 10.1080/08941920.2023.2183446
Enoch Yeleliere, Philip Antwi‐Agyei, A. Nyamekye
Abstract Policymakers underestimate the extensive role of indigenous and local knowledge (ILK) in national climate adaptation action. Drawing from the mainstreaming theory, this study examined the extent to which ILK systems have been mainstreamed into Ghana’s climate policy framework for realizing adaptation outcomes in agriculture and rural development. The study employed qualitative approaches including content analysis of policy documents and 15 key informant interviews. Findings revealed that adaptation actions are only canvassed in the national actions for climate change adaptation but are spirally incorporated in agriculture and rural development policies which are critical adaptation areas for Ghana as emphasized in the National Climate Change Policy. Further, results suggested that ILK is less prioritized in Ghana’s policy framework despite its importance and emergence in local adaptation efforts. Finally, the results revealed inadequate information on ILK, lack of deliberate policy on ILK and practices, lack of government commitment toward ILK, under-sourced institutions and Lack of coordination and inherent overlap of mandate as key barriers militating against mainstreaming ILK and climate change adaptation in national policy. We conclude that mainstreaming ILK and local adaptation practices in Ghana’s climate policy has the potential to facilitate a collective and sustainable response to climate change and build resilient agricultural systems to address food security challenges and foster rural development.
摘要政策制定者低估了土著和地方知识在国家气候适应行动中的广泛作用。根据主流化理论,本研究考察了ILK系统在多大程度上被纳入加纳气候政策框架,以实现农业和农村发展的适应成果。该研究采用了定性方法,包括政策文件的内容分析和15 关键线人访谈。调查结果显示,适应行动只在适应气候变化的国家行动中进行了游说,但却螺旋式地纳入了农业和农村发展政策,正如国家气候变化政策所强调的那样,这些政策是加纳的关键适应领域。此外,研究结果表明,尽管ILK在当地适应工作中具有重要性和重要性,但在加纳的政策框架中,它的优先地位较低。最后,研究结果显示,关于ILK的信息不足,缺乏关于ILK和实践的深思熟虑的政策,政府对ILK缺乏承诺,机构来源不足,缺乏协调和固有的任务重叠是阻碍将ILK和气候变化适应纳入国家政策主流的主要障碍。我们的结论是,将ILK和地方适应做法纳入加纳气候政策的主流,有可能促进集体和可持续应对气候变化,建立有韧性的农业系统,以应对粮食安全挑战,促进农村发展。
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引用次数: 4
Building Community for Participatory Modeling: Network Composition, Trust, and Adaptive Process Design 为参与式模型建立社区:网络组成、信任和自适应过程设计
IF 2.5 3区 社会学 Q1 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2023-03-04 DOI: 10.1080/08941920.2023.2177916
W. Bartels, C. Furman
Abstract Complex environmental problems span multiple disciplines and scales of inquiry. Discovering solutions requires inclusive problem-solving spaces. Participatory modeling represents a collaborative research approach that engages stakeholders to co-produce knowledge and problem responses. Scholarship largely features the results of scientific modeling. Lacking are assessments of the nature of participant engagement and collaboration. Our paper offers insights on how to structure, support, and evaluate interactive spaces for participatory modeling, especially during the initial (community building) phase of projects when collaborative culture is established. The Floridan Aquifer Collaborative Engagement for Sustainability (FACETS) convenes stakeholders in the Southeast US from farming, forestry, government, conservation, and academia. We explore network assembly, trust diversity, and iterative process design in FACETS. Through longitudinal reflexive monitoring facilitators appreciate the range of participant needs, integrate feedback into agenda design, and catalyze group reflection.
复杂的环境问题跨越多个学科和探究的尺度。发现解决方案需要包容性的问题解决空间。参与式建模代表了一种合作研究方法,使利益相关者共同产生知识和问题响应。学术在很大程度上以科学建模的结果为特征。缺乏对参与者参与和合作性质的评估。我们的论文提供了关于如何构建、支持和评估参与式建模的互动空间的见解,特别是在项目的初始(社区建设)阶段,当协作文化建立时。佛罗里达含水层可持续发展合作参与(FACETS)召集了美国东南部农业、林业、政府、保护和学术界的利益相关者。我们在facet中探讨网络组装、信任多样性和迭代过程设计。通过纵向反身性监测,促进者了解参与者的需求范围,将反馈整合到议程设计中,并促进群体反思。
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引用次数: 0
Normative Basis for Climate-Related Civic Engagement by Residents of Lake Superior’s North Shore region 苏必利尔湖北岸地区居民参与气候相关公民活动的规范性依据
IF 2.5 3区 社会学 Q1 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2023-02-27 DOI: 10.1080/08941920.2023.2183441
Amit K. Pradhananga, Emily K. Green, Jenn Shepard, M. Davenport
Abstract This study examines the determinants of resident engagement in climate change using a survey of a sample of residents in Lake Superior’s North Shore region in Minnesota. We examine the influence of climate concern, responsibility, subjective norms and personal norms on civic engagement. Study findings indicate that climate concern, ascription of local responsibility, and subjective norms influence residents’ personal norms, or sense of personal obligation, which in turn positively predicts civic engagement. Study findings highlight the importance of norms as a motivator of climate-related engagement. Results point to the potential for engaging community members in climate-related activities by tapping feelings of personal obligation for climate change adaptation or mitigation.
摘要本研究通过对明尼苏达州苏必利尔湖北岸地区居民样本的调查,考察了居民参与气候变化的决定因素。我们考察了气候关注、责任、主观规范和个人规范对公民参与的影响。研究结果表明,气候关注、地方责任归属和主观规范会影响居民的个人规范或个人义务感,而这反过来又会积极预测公民参与。研究结果强调了规范作为气候相关参与动力的重要性。研究结果表明,通过挖掘适应或缓解气候变化的个人义务感,有可能让社区成员参与气候相关活动。
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引用次数: 0
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