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Emergency management through enduring collaborative networks: Lessons on phases and levels 通过持久合作网络进行应急管理：关于阶段和级别的经验教训

IF 3.5 2区管理学 Q1 POLITICAL SCIENCE

Public Administration

Pub Date : 2024-04-11 DOI: 10.1111/padm.12998

Asbjørn Røiseland, Håkon Solbu Trætteberg

This article explores the conditions that underpin networks as enduring collaborative relationships. To identify key features that sustain long-term collaboration, we use the Norwegian system of emergency management as our empirical case. Norway is characterized by the important role played by volunteers and voluntary organizations as partners to the police in search and rescue operations. In particular, the article focuses on two possible explanations for the endurability of these networks: the broad involvement of volunteers in the different phases and the role of intermediaries. The article concludes that intermediaries can compensate for a lack of broad involvement, which may be particularly relevant for emergency management where many different resources have to be mobilized in a short time span and in a fashion that enables fluid interaction. This finding is a reminder that both phases and levels need to be explored in empirical studies of collaborations.

本文探讨了网络作为持久合作关系的基础条件。为了确定维持长期合作的关键特征，我们以挪威的应急管理系统作为实证案例。挪威的特点是，志愿者和志愿组织作为警方的合作伙伴，在搜救行动中发挥着重要作用。文章特别关注了这些网络持久性的两个可能解释：志愿者在不同阶段的广泛参与和中介机构的作用。文章的结论是，中介可以弥补广泛参与的不足，这可能与应急管理特别相关，因为在应急管理中，必须在短时间内调动许多不同的资源，并以一种能够实现流畅互动的方式进行。这一发现提醒我们，在对合作进行实证研究时，需要同时探讨两个阶段和两个层面。

引用次数: 0

Correction to “Public value creation and appropriation mechanisms in public–private partnerships: How does it play a role?” 更正 "公私伙伴关系中的公共价值创造和拨款机制：如何发挥作用？

IF 3.5 2区管理学 Q1 POLITICAL SCIENCE

Public Administration

Pub Date : 2024-04-05 DOI: 10.1111/padm.12996

Reis, C. J. O., & Gomes, R. C. (2023). Public value creation and appropriation mechanisms in public–private partnerships: How does it play a role? Public Administration, 101(2), 693–715. https://doi.org/10.1111/padm.12826

On Page 693, the affiliations of co-author Ricardo Corrêa Gomes associated with “Postgraduate Programme in Management (PPGA), Universidade de Brasília (UnB), Brasília, Brazil” and “School of Business and Economics, Fundação Getulio Vargas (FGV), São Paulo, Brazil” are incorrect.

This should have read: “Public Management Department, Escola de Administração de Empresas – Fundação Getulio Vargas (FGV EAESP), São Paulo, Brazil”.

We apologize for this error.

Reis, C. J. O., & Gomes, R. C. (2023).公私合作伙伴关系中的公共价值创造和分配机制：如何发挥作用？Public Administration, 101(2), 693-715. https://doi.org/10.1111/padm.12826On 第 693 页，合著者 Ricardo Corrêa Gomes 与 "Postgraduate Programme in Management (PPGA)，Universidade de Brasília (UnB)，Brasília，Brazil "和 "School of Business and Economics，Fundação Getulio Vargas (FGV)，Sao Paulo，Brazil "相关的隶属关系不正确。应为："Public Management Department，Escola de Brasília (UnB)，Brasília，Brazil"："巴西圣保罗 Getulio Vargas 基金会企业管理学院公共管理系"，我们对此错误深表歉意。

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Does political ideology still matter? A meta‐analysis of government contracting decisions 政治意识形态是否仍然重要？对政府合同决策的元分析

IF 3.5 2区管理学 Q1 POLITICAL SCIENCE

Public Administration

Pub Date : 2024-04-03 DOI: 10.1111/padm.12995

Yiying Chen, Jiahuan Lu

In the field of government contracting research, whether and to what extent political ideology drives government contracting has been a subject of ongoing debate for decades. This study conducts a comprehensive meta‐analysis, incorporating 418 effect sizes drawn from 68 previous studies spanning over three decades. The findings indicate that right‐wing political ideology generally yields a significant, positive effect on driving contracting out. Moreover, meta‐regression analysis suggests that this ideological effect is stronger in government contracting for social services and in non‐Anglo‐American administrative traditions. The results emphasize the enduring relevance of political ideology in government contracting decisions, even though its impact may vary slightly in magnitude and circumstances.

在政府合同研究领域，政治意识形态是否以及在多大程度上推动了政府合同的签订，几十年来一直是一个争论不休的话题。本研究进行了一项全面的元分析，纳入了之前 68 项研究中的 418 个效应大小，时间跨度超过 30 年。研究结果表明，右翼政治意识形态通常对推动外包产生显著的积极影响。此外，元回归分析表明，这种意识形态效应在政府承包社会服务和非英美行政传统中更为明显。研究结果强调了政治意识形态在政府合同决策中的持久相关性，尽管其影响程度和环境可能略有不同。

引用次数: 0

Disentangling the separate and combined effects of privatization and cooperation on local government service delivery 厘清私有化与合作对地方政府提供服务的单独和综合影响

IF 3.5 2区管理学 Q1 POLITICAL SCIENCE

Public Administration

Pub Date : 2024-04-03 DOI: 10.1111/padm.12992

Germà Bel, Thomas Elston

Inter‐municipal cooperation is often regarded as an alternative to privatizing local public services. But cooperation and privatization can also be combined into a dual reform package in which several municipalities jointly issue contracts relating to multiple jurisdictions. Evaluation of these mixed cooperation‐privatization reforms rests on disentangling the separate and combined effects of each strategy. This we undertake for the case of solid waste collection in Catalonia, using environmental protection as our focal performance standard. Drawing on two waves of data (for 2000 and 2019) for 186 municipalities that together use all four combinations of public, private, single and cooperative service delivery, we show that superior environmental performance was initially confined to conventional cooperations involving only public production. But latterly, any form of cooperation, using public or private production, resulted in significant gains. This reinforces the need for evaluators to isolate the “active ingredient” in composite reforms.

市际合作通常被视为地方公共服务私有化的替代方案。但是，合作与私有化也可以结合成一个双重改革方案，即几个城市联合签发与多个管辖区有关的合同。对这些混合合作-私有化改革的评估取决于对每种战略的单独效果和综合效果的分析。我们以加泰罗尼亚地区的固体废物收集为例，将环境保护作为重点绩效标准。我们利用 186 个城市的两波数据（2000 年和 2019 年），这些城市同时采用了公共、私营、单一和合作提供服务的所有四种组合，结果表明，优越的环境绩效最初仅限于只涉及公共生产的传统合作。但后来，任何形式的合作，无论是使用公共生产还是私人生产，都能带来显著收益。这就更加说明，评估人员需要找出综合改革中的 "有效成分"。

引用次数: 0

Oversharing: The downside of data sharing in local government 过度共享：地方政府数据共享的弊端

IF 3.5 2区管理学 Q1 POLITICAL SCIENCE

Public Administration

Pub Date : 2024-03-19 DOI: 10.1111/padm.12993

Mattia Caldarulo, Jared Olsen, Mary K. Feeney

Health crises, climate change, and technological hazards pose serious managerial and equity challenges for local governments. To effectively navigate the uncertainties and complexity, municipalities are increasingly collaborating with one another and sharing data and information to improve decision‐making. While data sharing fosters effectiveness in responding to threats, it also entails risks. One major concern is that local government managers often lack the knowledge and technical skills required for safe and effective data sharing, exposing municipalities to cyberthreats. Drawing on data sharing and cybersecurity scholarship, we investigate whether increased data sharing among local governments makes cities more or less vulnerable to cyberincidents. We test our hypotheses using data from two national surveys of U.S. local government managers conducted in 2016 and 2018. Our findings contribute to the literature on technology and risk in government by informing both public managers and researchers about the potential threats associated with data sharing.

健康危机、气候变化和技术危害给地方政府带来了严峻的管理和公平挑战。为了有效驾驭这些不确定性和复杂性，市政当局正越来越多地相互协作，共享数据和信息，以改善决策。虽然数据共享可以提高应对威胁的效率，但也会带来风险。一个主要问题是，地方政府管理人员往往缺乏安全有效地共享数据所需的知识和技术技能，从而使市政当局面临网络威胁。借鉴数据共享和网络安全方面的学术研究，我们研究了地方政府之间数据共享的增加是否会使城市更容易或更不容易受到网络事件的影响。我们使用 2016 年和 2018 年对美国地方政府管理人员进行的两次全国性调查的数据来检验我们的假设。我们的研究结果为公共管理者和研究人员提供了有关数据共享潜在威胁的信息，从而为有关政府技术和风险的文献做出了贡献。

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Learning to govern: A typology of ministerial learning styles 学会治理：部长学习风格类型

IF 3.5 2区管理学 Q1 POLITICAL SCIENCE

Public Administration

Pub Date : 2024-03-12 DOI: 10.1111/padm.12994

John Boswell, Jessica C. Smith, Daniel Devine, Jack Corbett

A quirk of the Westminster system is that Ministers invariably have to “learn on the job”. Yet “learning” has been surprisingly understudied in work on executive government in Britain especially. In this paper, we offer a systematic account of Ministerial learning based on a comprehensive analysis of the Ministers Reflect archive—the largest dataset of research interviews with former Westminster ministers ever assembled. We identify six distinct learning styles—incremental, risk‐averse, managerial, creative, instrumental and instinctive—and assess the implications for how Ministers adjust to the challenges of high political office. We conclude by showing what an appreciation for this variety of Ministerial learning styles can offer the study and practice of executive government in Britain and beyond.

威斯敏斯特制度的一个怪癖是，大臣们总是必须 "在工作中学习"。然而，在有关英国行政政府的研究中，对 "学习 "的研究却少得令人吃惊。在本文中，我们基于对 "部长反思 "档案的全面分析，对部长的学习进行了系统阐述。"部长反思 "档案是迄今为止对威斯敏斯特前部长进行研究访谈的最大数据集。我们确定了六种不同的学习风格--进取型、风险规避型、管理型、创造型、工具型和本能型，并评估了这些风格对大臣们如何适应高级政治职位挑战的影响。最后，我们展示了对部长学习风格多样性的认识对英国及其他国家行政政府的研究和实践有何帮助。

引用次数: 0

Getting what you expect: How civil servant stereotypes affect citizen satisfaction and perceived performance 如愿以偿：公务员的刻板印象如何影响公民满意度和感知绩效

IF 3.5 2区管理学 Q1 POLITICAL SCIENCE

Public Administration

Pub Date : 2024-03-01 DOI: 10.1111/padm.12986

Isa Bertram, Robin Bouwman, Lars Tummers

This study tests whether civil servant stereotypes affect how citizens experience public service delivery. Using a pre‐registered survey vignette experiment (n = 1130), we activate civil servant stereotypes (negative, positive, or control) and assess whether this affects subsequent perceptions and evaluations of public services. Results indicate that stereotypes shape experiences, with the activation of negative stereotypes leading to lower levels of satisfaction and perceived performance, compared to positive stereotype activation and control. These findings emphasize that negative civil servant stereotypes can have problematic consequences, and contribute to our understanding of the commonly used Expectancy Disconfirmation Model in citizen satisfaction research.

本研究检验了公务员的刻板印象是否会影响公民对公共服务的体验。通过预先登记的调查小实验（n = 1130），我们激活了公务员的刻板印象（消极、积极或控制），并评估这是否会影响随后对公共服务的感知和评价。结果表明，刻板印象会影响体验，与激活积极刻板印象和对照组相比，激活消极刻板印象会导致满意度和感知绩效水平降低。这些发现强调了公务员的负面刻板印象可能会产生问题后果，并有助于我们理解公民满意度研究中常用的期望不确认模型。

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Do monetary or nonmonetary incentives promote citizens' use of a government crowdsourcing: A case of the City of Omaha's 311‐type of crowdsourcing platform 货币或非货币激励措施是否会促进公民使用政府众包：奥马哈市 311 类众包平台案例

IF 3.5 2区管理学 Q1 POLITICAL SCIENCE

Public Administration

Pub Date : 2024-02-26 DOI: 10.1111/padm.12985

Danbee Lee, Yeonkyung Kim, Jooho Lee

Increasing numbers of local governments have adopted crowdsourcing platforms to engage citizens in public service provisions. As citizen engagement plays a critical role in the success of government crowdsourcing, we focus on incentive strategies to facilitate it. While studies have considered monetary incentives the primary motivator traditionally, recent research has examined the potency of nonmonetary strategies that stimulate citizens' territorial or civic motivation. Linking the coproduction framework of incentives to expectancy theories as a theoretical framework, we compare the effects of those incentives with vignette experiments that include Omahahotline—a 311‐type of government crowdsourcing platform run by the City of Omaha. The results show that not just a material incentive but also a solidary incentive increases residents' willingness to participate in the platform effectively. By conducting experiments with Omaha residents, we offer implications for local governments to use effective incentive strategies to engage citizens in the government crowdsourcing platform.

越来越多的地方政府采用众包平台让公民参与公共服务的提供。由于公民参与对政府众包的成功起着至关重要的作用，因此我们将重点放在促进公民参与的激励策略上。尽管传统研究认为货币激励是主要的激励因素，但最近的研究则考察了激发公民地域或公民动机的非货币策略的效力。我们将激励机制的共同生产框架与期望理论作为理论框架联系起来，通过奥马哈热线（Omahahotline）--一个由奥马哈市政府运营的 311 型政府众包平台--的小实验来比较这些激励机制的效果。结果表明，不仅是物质激励，团结激励也能提高居民有效参与该平台的意愿。通过对奥马哈居民的实验，我们为地方政府使用有效的激励策略吸引市民参与政府众包平台提供了启示。

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Examining attitudes toward public participation across sectors: An experimental study of food assistance 考察各部门对公众参与的态度：粮食援助实验研究

IF 3.5 2区管理学 Q1 POLITICAL SCIENCE

Public Administration

Pub Date : 2024-02-23 DOI: 10.1111/padm.12991

Anna Amirkhanyan, Fei Roberts, Kenneth J. Meier, Miyeon Song

Public views of government are linked to trust, coproduction, regulatory compliance, and political participation. This study focuses on factors shaping public attitudes toward government programs by exploring whether direct participation in governance matters for how the public evaluates the performance of government programs. With an experiment involving governmentally funded food assistance, we randomize the presence of public participation, service providers' sector, and third‐party performance ratings and explore their influence on respondents' assessments of the program. We find that respondents have more confidence in the efficiency, equity, and other aspects of performance when ordinary people play a role in designing and implementing the program. We observe no sector bias among respondents. Individual assessments depend on objective performance information from a credible source. These findings have critical implications for the value people place on engagement in governance and point to the role of publicly available data in shaping public views of government.

公众对政府的看法与信任、共同生产、遵守法规和政治参与有关。本研究通过探讨直接参与管理是否会影响公众对政府项目绩效的评价，重点研究影响公众对政府项目态度的因素。通过一项涉及政府资助的食品援助的实验，我们对公众参与、服务提供商部门和第三方绩效评级的存在进行了随机化，并探讨了它们对受访者对项目评估的影响。我们发现，当普通民众参与项目的设计和实施时，受访者对项目的效率、公平性和其他方面的表现更有信心。我们发现受访者中没有部门偏见。个人评估取决于来自可信来源的客观绩效信息。这些发现对人们参与治理的价值具有重要影响，并指出了公开数据在塑造公众对政府看法方面的作用。

引用次数: 0

Member duality and policy tourism: Learning in interlocal policy networks 成员双重性与政策旅游：地方间政策网络中的学习

IF 3.5 2区管理学 Q1 POLITICAL SCIENCE

Public Administration

Pub Date : 2024-02-21 DOI: 10.1111/padm.12984

Ivy S. Liu, Hongtao Yi

Organizational learning has long been recognized as a key determinant of success, yet research often overlooks how individual mechanisms initiate and drive collective learning over time. Utilizing policy tourism as an indicator of intercity learning, we construct an interlocal learning network among US cities from 2009 to 2016. Employing a temporal exponential random graph model, our findings suggest that the member duality of local managers can initiate and facilitate self‐organizing learning interactions among US cities through preferential attachment. Consequently, a core group of influential cities with member duality of local managers can control entry into the learning network and strategically promote the transmission of innovative management practices in particular cities. This study (1) underscores the significance of member duality in local managers for facilitating interorganizational learning, (2) incorporates the aspect of temporality in understanding interorganizational learning, and (3) highlights broader practical implications for collaborative governance in diverse network settings.

长期以来，组织学习一直被认为是成功的关键决定因素，但研究往往忽略了个体机制如何随着时间的推移启动和推动集体学习。利用政策旅游作为城市间学习的指标，我们构建了 2009 年至 2016 年美国城市间的地方学习网络。利用时间指数随机图模型，我们的研究结果表明，地方管理者的成员双重性可以通过优先依附的方式启动和促进美国城市间的自组织学习互动。因此，拥有地方管理者双重成员的有影响力城市核心群体可以控制学习网络的进入，并战略性地促进创新管理实践在特定城市的传播。本研究（1）强调了地方管理者成员的双重性对促进组织间学习的重要意义，（2）在理解组织间学习时纳入了时间性因素，（3）强调了在不同网络环境中进行合作治理的广泛现实意义。

引用次数: 0

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