Pub Date : 2025-12-01DOI: 10.1016/j.jedc.2025.105219
Guanyi Yang
People often delay starting college or temporarily leave college to work. To examine the welfare implications of intermittent college attendance, I incorporate flexible age-by-age college enrollment choice in a life-cycle model in general equilibrium. College serves as an investment device for the young and reduces risk for the old. Removing flexible access reduces the total welfare value of college by one quarter. Moreover, higher wealth and better human capital preparedness at age 18 incentivize early-age degree completion. However, accessing college at a later age matters more for those who are initially less advantaged. Thus, policies that alleviate financial costs generate considerable long-term welfare improvements.
{"title":"Better late than never: Macroeconomic impact of intermittent college enrollment and tuition subsidies","authors":"Guanyi Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.jedc.2025.105219","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jedc.2025.105219","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>People often delay starting college or temporarily leave college to work. To examine the welfare implications of intermittent college attendance, I incorporate flexible age-by-age college enrollment choice in a life-cycle model in general equilibrium. College serves as an investment device for the young and reduces risk for the old. Removing flexible access reduces the total welfare value of college by one quarter. Moreover, higher wealth and better human capital preparedness at age 18 incentivize early-age degree completion. However, accessing college at a later age matters more for those who are initially less advantaged. Thus, policies that alleviate financial costs generate considerable long-term welfare improvements.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48314,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Economic Dynamics & Control","volume":"181 ","pages":"Article 105219"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145615743","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-11-30DOI: 10.1016/j.jedc.2025.105231
Antonio Granese
A recent influential study based on a Structural VAR with frequency-domain identification argues that most cyclical fluctuations in real activity are driven by a single shock. We revisit this view using a large-dimensional Dynamic Factor Model estimated on more than 100 U.S. macroeconomic series. Our data-rich approach uncovers two main shocks that jointly drive the business cycle: one transitory and demand-like, the other persistent and supply-like. This two-shock structure explains the bulk of both business-cycle and long-run fluctuations in key macroeconomic aggregates. The findings support a classical AD-AS interpretation and challenge the notion of a single dominant business-cycle shock.
{"title":"Two main business cycle shocks are better than one","authors":"Antonio Granese","doi":"10.1016/j.jedc.2025.105231","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jedc.2025.105231","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A recent influential study based on a Structural VAR with frequency-domain identification argues that most cyclical fluctuations in real activity are driven by a single shock. We revisit this view using a large-dimensional Dynamic Factor Model estimated on more than 100 U.S. macroeconomic series. Our data-rich approach uncovers two main shocks that jointly drive the business cycle: one transitory and demand-like, the other persistent and supply-like. This two-shock structure explains the bulk of both business-cycle and long-run fluctuations in key macroeconomic aggregates. The findings support a classical AD-AS interpretation and challenge the notion of a single dominant business-cycle shock.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48314,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Economic Dynamics & Control","volume":"182 ","pages":"Article 105231"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145694256","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-11-29DOI: 10.1016/j.jedc.2025.105220
Elnura Baiaman kyzy , Roberto Leon-Gonzalez
This paper proposes a novel Laplace-based solution to non-linear DSGE models that has a closed-form likelihood. We implicitly use a non-linear approximation to the policy function that is invertible with respect to the shocks, implying that in the approximation the shocks can be recovered uniquely from some of the control variables. Using perturbation methods and a Lagrange inversion formula, we are able to calculate the derivatives of the likelihood and construct the Laplace based solution. In contrast with previous likelihood-based approaches, the method used here requires neither the introduction of linear shocks nor simulation to evaluate the likelihood. Using US data, we estimate linear and nonlinear variants of a well-known neoclassical growth model with and without time-varying variances. We find that a nonlinear heteroscedastic model has a much better empirical performance. Furthermore, our models allow us to ascertain that the monetary policy shock causes most of the time changes in economic uncertainty.
{"title":"Estimation of nonlinear DSGE models through Laplace based solutions","authors":"Elnura Baiaman kyzy , Roberto Leon-Gonzalez","doi":"10.1016/j.jedc.2025.105220","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jedc.2025.105220","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper proposes a novel Laplace-based solution to non-linear DSGE models that has a closed-form likelihood. We implicitly use a non-linear approximation to the policy function that is invertible with respect to the shocks, implying that in the approximation the shocks can be recovered uniquely from some of the control variables. Using perturbation methods and a Lagrange inversion formula, we are able to calculate the derivatives of the likelihood and construct the Laplace based solution. In contrast with previous likelihood-based approaches, the method used here requires neither the introduction of linear shocks nor simulation to evaluate the likelihood. Using US data, we estimate linear and nonlinear variants of a well-known neoclassical growth model with and without time-varying variances. We find that a nonlinear heteroscedastic model has a much better empirical performance. Furthermore, our models allow us to ascertain that the monetary policy shock causes most of the time changes in economic uncertainty.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48314,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Economic Dynamics & Control","volume":"182 ","pages":"Article 105220"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-11-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145694255","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-11-28DOI: 10.1016/j.jedc.2025.105230
Shuonan Zhang
This paper studies uncertainty shocks in the context of an intangible economy. I build a two-sector dynamic stochastic general equilibrium (DSGE) model to understand a shift in investment composition and its implications for the transmission of uncertainty shocks. The model is motivated by the role of intangible capital as a cushion, mitigating the adverse effects of uncertainty on investment, as suggested by firm-level data. The quantitative analysis shows that heightened uncertainty directs resources toward the intangible sector, making the economy more intangible-intensive. The rising importance of intangibles diminishes aggregate volatility in the uncertainty-driven business cycle.
{"title":"Uncertainty shocks in an intangible economy","authors":"Shuonan Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.jedc.2025.105230","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jedc.2025.105230","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper studies uncertainty shocks in the context of an intangible economy. I build a two-sector dynamic stochastic general equilibrium (DSGE) model to understand a shift in investment composition and its implications for the transmission of uncertainty shocks. The model is motivated by the role of intangible capital as a cushion, mitigating the adverse effects of uncertainty on investment, as suggested by firm-level data. The quantitative analysis shows that heightened uncertainty directs resources toward the intangible sector, making the economy more intangible-intensive. The rising importance of intangibles diminishes aggregate volatility in the uncertainty-driven business cycle.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48314,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Economic Dynamics & Control","volume":"182 ","pages":"Article 105230"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145694257","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-11-26DOI: 10.1016/j.jedc.2025.105223
Matteo Iacoviello , Ricardo Nunes , Andrea Prestipino
We study optimal credit market policy in a stochastic, quantitative, general equilibrium, infinite-horizon economy with collateral constraints tied to housing prices. Collateral constraints imply that the competitive equilibrium is Pareto inefficient. Taxing housing or borrowing in good states and subsidizing it in recessions leads to a Pareto-improving allocation for borrowers and savers. Quantitatively, the welfare gains afforded by the optimal tax are significant. The optimal tax reduces the covariance of house prices with consumption, and, by doing so, it increases house prices on average and delivers welfare gains both in steady state and around it. We also show that the welfare gains stem from mopping up after the crash rather than the ex-ante macroprudential aspect, aligning with prior research that emphasizes the importance of ex-post measures compared to preventive policies alone.
{"title":"Optimal credit market policy","authors":"Matteo Iacoviello , Ricardo Nunes , Andrea Prestipino","doi":"10.1016/j.jedc.2025.105223","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jedc.2025.105223","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We study optimal credit market policy in a stochastic, quantitative, general equilibrium, infinite-horizon economy with collateral constraints tied to housing prices. Collateral constraints imply that the competitive equilibrium is Pareto inefficient. Taxing housing or borrowing in good states and subsidizing it in recessions leads to a Pareto-improving allocation for borrowers and savers. Quantitatively, the welfare gains afforded by the optimal tax are significant. The optimal tax reduces the covariance of house prices with consumption, and, by doing so, it increases house prices on average and delivers welfare gains both in steady state and around it. We also show that the welfare gains stem from mopping up after the crash rather than the ex-ante macroprudential aspect, aligning with prior research that emphasizes the importance of ex-post measures compared to preventive policies alone.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48314,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Economic Dynamics & Control","volume":"182 ","pages":"Article 105223"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-11-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145694260","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-11-26DOI: 10.1016/j.jedc.2025.105225
Aryan Eftekhari , Michel Juillard , Normann Rion , Simon Scheidegger
For over three decades, Dynare has been a cornerstone of dynamic stochastic modeling in economics, relying primarily on perturbation-based local solution methods. However, these techniques often falter in high-dimensional, non-linear models that demand more comprehensive approaches. This paper demonstrates that global solutions of economic models with substantial heterogeneity and frictions can be computed accurately and swiftly by augmenting Dynare with adaptive sparse grids (SGs) and high-dimensional model representation (HDMR). SGs mitigate the curse of dimensionality, as the number of grid points grows significantly slower than in traditional tensor-product Cartesian grids. Additionally, adaptivity focuses grid refinement on regions with steep gradients or non-differentiabilities, enhancing computational efficiency. Complementing SGs, HDMR tackles large state spaces by approximating policy functions with a hierarchical expansion of low-dimensional terms. Using a time iteration algorithm, we benchmark our approach on an international real business cycle model. Our results show that both SGs and HDMR alleviate the curse of dimensionality, enabling accurate solutions for at least 100-dimensional models on standard hardware in relatively short times. This advancement extends Dynare’s capabilities beyond perturbation approaches, establishing a versatile platform for sophisticated non-linear models and paving the way for integrating the most recent global solution methods, such as those from machine learning.
{"title":"Scalable global solution techniques for high-dimensional models in Dynare","authors":"Aryan Eftekhari , Michel Juillard , Normann Rion , Simon Scheidegger","doi":"10.1016/j.jedc.2025.105225","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jedc.2025.105225","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>For over three decades, Dynare has been a cornerstone of dynamic stochastic modeling in economics, relying primarily on perturbation-based local solution methods. However, these techniques often falter in high-dimensional, non-linear models that demand more comprehensive approaches. This paper demonstrates that global solutions of economic models with substantial heterogeneity and frictions can be computed accurately and swiftly by augmenting Dynare with adaptive sparse grids (SGs) and high-dimensional model representation (HDMR). SGs mitigate the curse of dimensionality, as the number of grid points grows significantly slower than in traditional tensor-product Cartesian grids. Additionally, adaptivity focuses grid refinement on regions with steep gradients or non-differentiabilities, enhancing computational efficiency. Complementing SGs, HDMR tackles large state spaces by approximating policy functions with a hierarchical expansion of low-dimensional terms. Using a time iteration algorithm, we benchmark our approach on an international real business cycle model. Our results show that both SGs and HDMR alleviate the curse of dimensionality, enabling accurate solutions for at least 100-dimensional models on standard hardware in relatively short times. This advancement extends Dynare’s capabilities beyond perturbation approaches, establishing a versatile platform for sophisticated non-linear models and paving the way for integrating the most recent global solution methods, such as those from machine learning.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48314,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Economic Dynamics & Control","volume":"182 ","pages":"Article 105225"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-11-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145625015","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This paper analyses the pass-through of gas shocks to inflation in the euro area. First, it uses a Bayesian Structural Vector Autoregressive (BSVAR) framework to estimate the effects of gas supply shocks on headline inflation in the euro area and its four largest economies. A gas supply shock that increases gas prices by 10 % raises euro area headline inflation by 0.6 percentage points after one year. The transmission of gas supply shocks is driven by direct and indirect effects, i.e. by households consuming gas products and by second-round effects through production costs. We document cross-country heterogeneity arising from differences in reliance on energy commodities across consumption and production, as well as from variation in the regulation of retail energy prices. Second, we build a New Keynesian Dynamic Stochastic General Equilibrium (NK-DSGE) model augmented with energy and show that indirect effects account for approximately 75 % of the cumulative response of headline inflation after three years.
{"title":"The pass-through to inflation of gas price shocks","authors":"Lucia López , Florens Odendahl , Susana Párraga Rodríguez , Edgar Silgado-Gómez","doi":"10.1016/j.jedc.2025.105218","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jedc.2025.105218","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper analyses the pass-through of gas shocks to inflation in the euro area. First, it uses a Bayesian Structural Vector Autoregressive (BSVAR) framework to estimate the effects of gas supply shocks on headline inflation in the euro area and its four largest economies. A gas supply shock that increases gas prices by 10 % raises euro area headline inflation by 0.6 percentage points after one year. The transmission of gas supply shocks is driven by direct and indirect effects, i.e. by households consuming gas products and by second-round effects through production costs. We document cross-country heterogeneity arising from differences in reliance on energy commodities across consumption and production, as well as from variation in the regulation of retail energy prices. Second, we build a New Keynesian Dynamic Stochastic General Equilibrium (NK-DSGE) model augmented with energy and show that indirect effects account for approximately 75 % of the cumulative response of headline inflation after three years.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48314,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Economic Dynamics & Control","volume":"182 ","pages":"Article 105218"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-11-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145694259","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-11-26DOI: 10.1016/j.jedc.2025.105228
James Hebden, Fabian Winkler
We propose an efficient procedure to solve for policy counterfactuals in sequence space. Forecasts of the variables relevant for the policy problem, and their impulse responses to anticipated policy shocks, constitute sufficient information to construct valid counterfactuals. Knowledge of the structural model equations or filtering of structural shocks is not required. The underlying model has to be linear but occasionally binding constraints are allowed under quasi-perfect foresight. We solve for deterministic and stochastic paths under instrument rules as well as under optimal policy with commitment or subgame-perfect discretion. As an application, we compute counterfactuals of the U.S. economy after the pandemic shock of 2020 under several monetary policy regimes.
{"title":"Computation of policy counterfactuals in sequence space","authors":"James Hebden, Fabian Winkler","doi":"10.1016/j.jedc.2025.105228","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jedc.2025.105228","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We propose an efficient procedure to solve for policy counterfactuals in sequence space. Forecasts of the variables relevant for the policy problem, and their impulse responses to anticipated policy shocks, constitute sufficient information to construct valid counterfactuals. Knowledge of the structural model equations or filtering of structural shocks is not required. The underlying model has to be linear but occasionally binding constraints are allowed under quasi-perfect foresight. We solve for deterministic and stochastic paths under instrument rules as well as under optimal policy with commitment or subgame-perfect discretion. As an application, we compute counterfactuals of the U.S. economy after the pandemic shock of 2020 under several monetary policy regimes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48314,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Economic Dynamics & Control","volume":"182 ","pages":"Article 105228"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-11-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145840091","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-11-25DOI: 10.1016/j.jedc.2025.105222
Christopher Gust , Edward Herbst , David López-Salido
Under finite horizon planning, households and firms evaluate a full set of state-contingent paths along which the economy might evolve out to a finite horizon but have limited ability to process events beyond that horizon. We show–analytically and empirically–that such a model accounts for an initial underreaction and subsequent overreaction of inflation forecasts. A planning horizon of four quarters can account for the evidence on the predictability of inflation forecast errors and macroeconomic data. Our identification and estimation strategies combine full-information methods based on aggregate data with regression-based estimates that directly use inflation expectations data.
{"title":"Inflation expectations with finite horizon planning","authors":"Christopher Gust , Edward Herbst , David López-Salido","doi":"10.1016/j.jedc.2025.105222","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jedc.2025.105222","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Under finite horizon planning, households and firms evaluate a full set of state-contingent paths along which the economy might evolve out to a finite horizon but have limited ability to process events beyond that horizon. We show–analytically and empirically–that such a model accounts for an initial underreaction and subsequent overreaction of inflation forecasts. A planning horizon of four quarters can account for the evidence on the predictability of inflation forecast errors and macroeconomic data. Our identification and estimation strategies combine full-information methods based on aggregate data with regression-based estimates that directly use inflation expectations data.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48314,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Economic Dynamics & Control","volume":"182 ","pages":"Article 105222"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145748442","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-11-24DOI: 10.1016/j.jedc.2025.105224
Beatrice Cherrier , Aurélien Saïdi , Francesco Sergi
In this article, we document Michel Juillard’s contribution to macroeconomics. Best known as the creator of the computer package Dynare, Juillard’s impact extends far beyond software development. We trace his training and career from his first encounter with computers in high school through his ongoing work on Dynare. His contribution to macroeconomics, we argue, is threefold: intellectual (devising algorithms and addressing specific computational problems for a class of models), technical (writing code and developing a computer package), and institutional (establishing and maintaining the governance structures that ensure Dynare’s sustainability as a digital commons). Juillard’s career highlights broader questions about adapting Ostrom’s framework to digital commons development, the principles that govern software development, and the place computational economics should occupy in the history of macroeconomics.
{"title":"“Write your model almost as you would on paper and Michel will take care of the rest!” Michel Juillard’s contribution to macroeconomics in historical perspective","authors":"Beatrice Cherrier , Aurélien Saïdi , Francesco Sergi","doi":"10.1016/j.jedc.2025.105224","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jedc.2025.105224","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this article, we document Michel Juillard’s contribution to macroeconomics. Best known as the creator of the computer package Dynare, Juillard’s impact extends far beyond software development. We trace his training and career from his first encounter with computers in high school through his ongoing work on Dynare. His contribution to macroeconomics, we argue, is threefold: intellectual (devising algorithms and addressing specific computational problems for a class of models), technical (writing code and developing a computer package), and institutional (establishing and maintaining the governance structures that ensure Dynare’s sustainability as a digital commons). Juillard’s career highlights broader questions about adapting Ostrom’s framework to digital commons development, the principles that govern software development, and the place computational economics should occupy in the history of macroeconomics.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48314,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Economic Dynamics & Control","volume":"182 ","pages":"Article 105224"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-11-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145748439","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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