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Spatial Factors Related to Occupants’ Behavioral Beliefs About Window and Blind Use in Multifamily Residential Buildings 多户住宅居住者对窗户和盲目使用行为信念的空间因素
IF 5.7 2区 心理学 Q1 Environmental Science Pub Date : 2023-05-01 DOI: 10.1177/00139165231176068
Hebatalla Nazmy, Suk-Kyung Kim, Eunsil Lee
Occupant behavior is one of the factors that impact the buildings’ energy consumption. Occupants interact with building systems to adjust their indoor environmental conditions to meet their comfort levels. Occupants’ behavior to control those multiple conditions have been studied in isolation. Previous research highlighted the impact that contextual factors, such as interior design, have on occupants’ energy-related behaviors. This study focused on psychological, contextual, and environmental reasons leading to energy-related occupants’ behavior. It investigated the impact of spatial factors: orientation, floor level, space type, and furniture layout on occupants’ behavioral beliefs about operating windows and adjusting blinds. Results revealed a significant relationship between the spatial factors and occupants’ behavioral beliefs about operating windows and adjusting blinds. It is recommended to consider occupants’ behavioral beliefs related to the spatial factors in the preliminary stages of the design process to contribute to efficient space planning and thus enhance the building’s energy performance.
居住者的行为是影响建筑能耗的因素之一。居住者与建筑系统相互作用,调整室内环境条件,以满足他们的舒适度。居住者控制这些多重条件的行为被孤立地研究。之前的研究强调了环境因素(如室内设计)对居住者能源相关行为的影响。本研究的重点是导致能源相关居住者行为的心理、情境和环境原因。研究了朝向、楼层、空间类型和家具布局等空间因素对居住者开窗和调节百叶窗行为信念的影响。结果表明,空间因素与居民开窗和调节百叶窗的行为信念之间存在显著的关系。建议在设计过程的初步阶段考虑居住者与空间因素相关的行为信念,以有助于有效的空间规划,从而提高建筑的能源性能。
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引用次数: 1
Is Neighborhood Nature an Ecological Precursor of Parenting Practices, Infant-Parent Bonding, and Infant Socioemotional Function? 邻里性质是育儿实践、婴儿-父母关系和婴儿社会运动功能的生态前兆吗?
IF 5.7 2区 心理学 Q1 Environmental Science Pub Date : 2023-05-01 DOI: 10.1177/00139165231182686
Lærke Mygind, C. Greenwood, P. Letcher, S. Mavoa, Kate Lycett, Yichao Wang, T. Flensborg-Madsen, P. Bentsen, J. Macdonald, K. Thomson, D. Hutchinson, C. Olsson, P. Enticott
Nurturing relationships are crucial for adaptive child development. The objectives of the study were to investigate whether nature availability was associated with early nurturing parenting practices, mother-infant bonding, and infant socioemotional function. Data were from the Australian Temperament Project (n = 809 infants to 515 parents residing in Victoria, Australia) and were linked cross-sectionally to residential greenness (i.e., Normalized Difference in Vegetation Index). There were no observable associations between residential greenness within a 1,600 m network radius and parenting practices, mother-infant bonding, or infant socioemotional function. The findings were largely corroborated by sensitivity analyses (i.e., NDVI within 100, 250, 500, and 1,000 m and distance to park). Shorter distances to a park were associated with less hostile parenting. More residential greenness (1,000 and 1,600 m) was associated with stronger father-infant bonding and more hostile parenting amongst the most stressed parents in exploratory analyses. Residential greenness might be a socioecological precursor for father-infant bonding.
培养关系对儿童的适应性发展至关重要。该研究的目的是调查自然资源的可用性是否与早期养育父母的做法、母婴关系和婴儿的社会情感功能有关。数据来自澳大利亚气质项目(n = 809名婴儿对515名居住在澳大利亚维多利亚州的父母),并与住宅绿化度(即植被指数的归一化差异)进行了横断面联系。在1600 m网络半径和育儿实践、母婴关系或婴儿社会情感功能。敏感性分析在很大程度上证实了这一发现(即NDVI在100、250、500和1000范围内 m和到公园的距离)。到公园的距离越短,养育子女的敌意就越小。更多住宅绿化(1000和1600 m) 在探索性分析中,与压力最大的父母中更强的父子关系和更具敌意的育儿方式有关。住宅的绿色可能是父子关系的社会生态前兆。
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引用次数: 0
The Effect of Nature-Based Adventure Interventions on Depression: A Systematic Review 基于自然的冒险干预对抑郁症的影响:一项系统综述
IF 5.7 2区 心理学 Q1 Environmental Science Pub Date : 2023-04-01 DOI: 10.1177/00139165231174615
Claudio D. Rosa, T. S. Chaves, Silvia Collado, Lincoln R. Larson, C. Profice
We conducted a systematic review to synthesize evidence of the effect of nature-based adventure (NBA) interventions on depressive symptoms. Our search was conducted in April 2021 and utilized the following databases: MEDLINE (PubMed), PsycINFO, SPORTDiscus, CINAHL, Google Scholar, and Clinicaltrials.gov. Forty-two studies (n = 2,689 participants) with different designs, published between 1979 and 2021, were included. Collectively, results suggest highly variable effects of NBA interventions on depressive symptoms, ranging from reductions in mean depression scores of up to 64% to increases in means scores of up to 18%. Patient adherence to interventions was also variable, and serious adverse events (e.g., leg fractures) did occur. Despite variability across studies, research generally showed that mountain-based and surfing interventions, coupled with other forms of care, may substantially reduce adults’ depressive symptoms more than usual care alone or no intervention, highlighting the potential benefits of some NBA activities for individuals experiencing depressive symptoms.
我们进行了一项系统综述,以综合有关自然冒险(NBA)干预对抑郁症状影响的证据。我们的检索于2021年4月进行,使用了以下数据库:MEDLINE (PubMed)、PsycINFO、SPORTDiscus、CINAHL、谷歌Scholar和Clinicaltrials.gov。在1979年至2021年间发表的42项不同设计的研究(n = 2689名参与者)被纳入其中。总的来说,结果表明NBA干预对抑郁症状的影响变化很大,从平均抑郁评分降低高达64%到平均得分增加高达18%不等。患者对干预措施的依从性也各不相同,并且确实发生了严重的不良事件(例如腿部骨折)。尽管各研究存在差异,但研究普遍表明,山地和冲浪干预与其他形式的护理相结合,可能比常规护理单独或不干预更能显著减轻成年人的抑郁症状,这突出了一些NBA活动对经历抑郁症状的个体的潜在益处。
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引用次数: 2
Nature Exposure is Associated With Reduced Smartphone Use 自然暴露与智能手机使用减少有关
IF 5.7 2区 心理学 Q1 Environmental Science Pub Date : 2023-04-01 DOI: 10.1177/00139165231167165
Kelton Minor, Kristoffer Lind Glavind, A. Schwartz, C. Danforth, S. Lehmann, Andreas Bjerre-Nielsen
Evidence links greenspace exposure with restorative benefits to cognition and well-being, yet nature contact is declining for younger demographics. Although natural settings have been shown to restore the capacity to inhibit distracting stimuli, it remains unknown whether smartphone attention capture disrupts nature contact. Here, we analyzed ~2.5 million observations of logged smartphone use, texting, calling, and environmental exposures for 701 young adults over 2 years. Participants’ weekly smartphone screen-time was over double their green-time. The relationship between greenspace exposure and smartphone activity differed by exposure dose, type, and mobility state. Calling and texting increased during short recreational greenspace visits while all smartphone use declined over the first 3 hr in nature areas, suggesting that nature exposure may support digital impulse inhibition. Those with elevated baseline screen-time or green-time significantly reduced device use in nature, indicating that parts of the biosphere may provide a reprieve from the cybersphere for highly connected youth.
有证据表明,绿地暴露与认知和幸福感的恢复性益处有关,但年轻人与自然的接触正在减少。尽管自然环境已被证明可以恢复抑制分心刺激的能力,但智能手机的注意力捕捉是否会干扰自然接触仍不得而知。在这里,我们分析了701名2岁以上年轻人对智能手机使用、发短信、打电话和环境暴露的250万次观察 年。参与者每周的智能手机屏幕时间是他们绿色时间的两倍多。绿地暴露与智能手机活动之间的关系因暴露剂量、类型和活动状态而异。在短暂的娱乐绿地访问中,电话和短信增加,而前三年所有智能手机的使用量都有所下降 自然区域的hr,表明自然暴露可能支持数字脉冲抑制。那些基线屏幕时间或绿色时间增加的人在自然界中显著减少了设备的使用,这表明生物圈的部分地区可能会为高度联系的年轻人提供一个从网络圈中解脱出来的机会。
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引用次数: 1
Nature Sounds for Stress Recovery and Healthy Eating: A Lab Experiment Differentiating Water and Bird Sound 恢复压力和健康饮食的自然声音:区分水声和鸟声的实验室实验
IF 5.7 2区 心理学 Q1 Environmental Science Pub Date : 2023-04-01 DOI: 10.1177/00139165231174622
N. Michels, Preben Hamers
This lab-based study tested whether nature sounds can lead to less stress reactivity, better stress recovery, less stress-induced eating and healthy food choice stimulation, while differentiating between bird and water sounds. Before (5 min) and after (8 min) the Trier Social Stress Test, 59 participants (47% men, 18–30 years) were exposed to one of three soundtracks: birds, streaming water, or wind as control. Group differences were tested on negative affect, salivary cortisol, heart rate variability, hunger, food craving, snack intake and influence expectations. Both bird and water sounds led to better cortisol recovery (not reactivity) and were reported to be more stress-reducing than wind only. The recovery effect was highest for water sounds. No differential sound effects were found for the food variables. The results confirm the potential implementation of bird and water sounds for stress restoration but future research should test the effects (especially on diet) in real-life settings.
这项基于实验室的研究测试了自然声音是否可以减少压力反应,更好地恢复压力,减少压力诱导的饮食和健康的食物选择刺激,同时区分鸟叫声和水叫声。之前(5 min)和之后(8 min)Trier社会压力测试,59名参与者(47%为男性,18-30岁 年)被暴露在三种配乐中的一种:鸟类、流水或风作为对照。在消极情绪、唾液皮质醇、心率变异性、饥饿感、食物渴望、零食摄入和影响预期方面测试了组间差异。鸟叫声和水叫声都能更好地恢复皮质醇(而不是反应性),据报道,它们比只听风更能减轻压力。水声的恢复效果最高。食物变量没有发现不同的声音效应。研究结果证实了鸟类和水的声音有可能用于恢复压力,但未来的研究应该在现实生活中测试其效果(尤其是对饮食的影响)。
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引用次数: 1
A Quasi-Experimental Exploration of Activity-Based Flexible Office Design and Demographic Differences in Employee Absenteeism 基于活动的灵活办公设计与员工缺勤的人口统计学差异的准实验探索
IF 5.7 2区 心理学 Q1 Environmental Science Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1177/00139165231163549
A. Lauterbach, Florian Kunze
This study examines whether transitioning from cellular offices to an activity-based flexible office (A-FO) impacts employee absenteeism over time. Based on privacy theory, we hypothesized that changing from cell offices to an A-FO setting would lead to increased employee absenteeism. We further assumed that longer-tenured and female employees would experience greater difficulty with the transition, leading to more absenteeism among these groups. Using a sample of 2,017 white-collar workers tracked over 8 years, we quasi-experimentally investigated if absenteeism in the group with the office design intervention (1,035 individuals) differed from the control group (982 individuals). In the difference-in-difference (DiD) framework, nested negative binomial regression showed no difference in absenteeism between the intervention and control groups. However, a three-way interaction revealed that long-term employees showed higher absenteeism when switching to an A-FO. We discuss our contributions and the implications for corporate leadership, human resources, and change management.
本研究考察了从蜂窝办公室过渡到基于活动的灵活办公室(A-FO)是否会随着时间的推移影响员工的缺勤。基于隐私理论,我们假设从单元办公室转变为A-FO设置会导致员工缺勤率增加。我们进一步假设,长期员工和女性员工在转型过程中会遇到更大的困难,从而导致这些群体中出现更多的缺勤现象。我们对2017名白领进行了为期8年的跟踪调查,以准实验的方式调查了办公室设计干预组(1035人)与对照组(982人)的缺勤率是否存在差异。在差异中差异(DiD)框架中,嵌套负二项回归显示干预组和对照组的缺勤率无差异。然而,三方互动显示,长期员工在转换为a - fo时,缺勤率更高。我们将讨论我们的贡献以及对企业领导力、人力资源和变革管理的影响。
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引用次数: 0
Factors Affecting Pedestrians’ Perceptions of Safety, Comfort, and Pleasantness Induced by Public Space Lighting: A Systematic Literature Review 公共空间照明对行人安全、舒适和愉悦感的影响因素:系统文献综述
IF 5.7 2区 心理学 Q1 Environmental Science Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1177/00139165231163550
Tamar Trop, Sharon Shoshany Tavory, B. Portnov
Public space lighting (PSL), if adequately designed, may significantly enhance pedestrians’ sense of safety and comfort. Yet, the accumulated knowledge about subjective evaluation of PSL is still insufficient. This paper presents a systematic literature review, carried out according to the PRISMA guidelines, of factors affecting pedestrians’ perceptions of safety, comfort, and pleasantness induced by PSL. The screening process, which focused on studies combining technical- and observer-based environmental assessments, yielded 53 eligible papers, which were then synthesized according to an adapted model for outdoor place-human relationship. This framework-based review comprehensively highlights a few common findings and practical implications, as well as multiple gaps in research coverage, many inconsistencies, and significant generalization and transferability constraints. As the review indicates, one size does not fit all, and much further research is needed to improve the tailoring of PSL to a range of contextual conditions, such as different climates, cultures, and city characteristics.
如果设计得当,公共空间照明可以显著增强行人的安全感和舒适感。然而,对PSL的主观评价所积累的知识仍然不足。本文根据PRISMA指南,对PSL引起的影响行人安全、舒适和愉悦感的因素进行了系统的文献综述。筛选过程侧重于将基于技术和观察者的环境评估相结合的研究,产生了53篇符合条件的论文,然后根据户外场所人际关系的自适应模型进行合成。这篇基于框架的综述全面强调了一些共同的发现和实际意义,以及研究覆盖范围中的多个差距、许多不一致以及显著的泛化和可转移性限制。正如综述所指出的,一种尺寸并不适合所有人,还需要进一步的研究来改进PSL对一系列背景条件的定制,例如不同的气候、文化和城市特征。
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引用次数: 0
Pro-Environmental Behavior Triggers Moral Inference, Not Licensing by Observers 环保行为引发道德推理,不受观察者许可
IF 5.7 2区 心理学 Q1 Environmental Science Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1177/00139165231163547
J. Urban, Š. Bahník, Markéta Braun Kohlová
Several studies have shown that moral licensing by observers makes observers more lenient in their judgment of subsequent immoral behaviors committed by a person. Environmental behavior is generally perceived as moral behavior, but it is not known whether it can trigger moral licensing by observers. In two pre-registered experimental laboratory studies (N1 = 198, N2 = 501), we have tested whether prior engagement in pro-environmental behavior triggers licensing by observers and thus makes observers judge more positively actors’ subsequent immoral behavior (Study 1) and their subsequent anti- and pro-environmental behaviors (Study 2). We found that people engaging in pro-environmental behavior were subsequently rated as more pro-environmental and moral, and their subsequent pro- and anti-environmental behaviors (but not outright immoral behavior) were rated as more moral by observers. As these effects also concern subsequent pro-environmental behaviors, they are broader than what licensing theory suggests.
几项研究表明,观察者的道德许可使观察者在判断一个人随后的不道德行为时更加宽容。环境行为通常被认为是道德行为,但尚不清楚它是否能引发观察者的道德许可。在两项预先注册的实验实验室研究中(N1 = 198,N2 = 501),我们测试了先前参与亲环境行为是否会触发观察者的许可,从而使观察者更积极地判断行为者随后的不道德行为(研究1)及其随后的反环境和亲环境行为(研究2)。我们发现,从事环保行为的人随后被评为更环保、更道德,他们随后的环保和反环保行为(但不是完全不道德的行为)被观察者评为更道德。由于这些影响也涉及随后的环保行为,它们比许可证理论所暗示的范围更广。
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引用次数: 0
A Splash and a Crowd: Do Water Fountains and Storefronts Improve Plaza’s Visitability? 飞溅和人群:喷泉和店面能提高广场的可参观性吗?
IF 5.7 2区 心理学 Q1 Environmental Science Pub Date : 2022-11-01 DOI: 10.1177/00139165221131262
Dina Abdulkarim, J. Nasar
Whyte made recommendations based on observational studies on making public plazas more livable. The present paper describes two experiments that looked at whether two design attributes he identified—water features and active streets—increase livability measured through visitability, a concept that replaced livability. The studies manipulated four scenarios for fountains (accessible, inaccessible, floor, nothing) and two for storefronts (present, absent) using slides of three plazas each manipulated to present one of the eight scenarios. Study 1 had 66 college students (34 women, 32 men). Study 2 had 93 participants (53 women, 39 men, 1 other) rate the slides on the Perceived Visitability Scale. Fountains and storefronts increased visitability. Accessible water improved visitability for people between the ages 25 and 44. Participants between 18 and 24 and those 45 and older judged plazas with floor fountains as less visitable, suggesting varying effects of certain design elements across age groups.
怀特根据对公共广场宜居性的观察研究提出了建议。本文描述了两个实验,研究了他确定的两个设计属性——水景和活跃的街道——是否通过可见性来提高宜居性,可见性是一个取代宜居性的概念。研究使用了三个广场的幻灯片,分别对喷泉(可进入的、不可进入的、地板的、没有的)和店面(存在的、不存在的)进行了四种场景操作,每个广场都被操作来呈现八种场景中的一种。研究1有66名大学生(34名女性,32名男性)。研究2有93名参与者(53名女性,39名男性,1名男性)根据感知可见性量表对幻灯片进行评分。喷泉和店面增加了游客数量。可获得的水源提高了25岁至44岁人群的游览率。18至24岁的参与者和45岁及以上的参与者认为,有地板喷泉的广场不太容易参观,这表明某些设计元素对不同年龄群体的影响是不同的。
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引用次数: 0
Blue, Rather Than Red Light Can Nudge Employees to Choose Delayed But Larger Wage Payment 蓝灯比红灯更能促使员工选择延迟但更高的工资支付
IF 5.7 2区 心理学 Q1 Environmental Science Pub Date : 2022-11-01 DOI: 10.1177/00139165231153160
Xiaowei Geng, Kai Zhang, Jiatao Ma, Huiming Yang, Ziguang Chen, Shu Li
Most businesses have been severely affected during the ongoing Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, as they lack sufficient cash reserves for turnaround in this devastated business environment. This study presents a nudge-based approach for encouraging employees to choose delayed but larger wage payment. Through two laboratory experiments and one field experiment, we found that blue light more likely promotes individuals choosing the farsighted intertemporal option (i.e., delayed but larger payment) than red light. We further investigated why blue light can promote such a farsighted decision and found that the intradimensional difference comparison—that is, comparing the difference between the two options in the time dimension (∆time A,B) and the difference in the payoff dimension (∆payoff A,B)—mediates the effect of blue (vs. red) light on intertemporal choice. The current study demonstrates the effectiveness of light color and provides a solution to nudge people to make farsighted choices.
在持续的2019冠状病毒病(新冠肺炎)大流行期间,大多数企业都受到了严重影响,因为它们缺乏足够的现金储备来扭转这一遭受破坏的商业环境。这项研究提出了一种基于推动的方法,鼓励员工选择延迟但更高的工资支付。通过两个实验室实验和一个实地实验,我们发现蓝光比红光更有可能促使个人选择有远见的跨期选择(即延迟但更大的付款)。我们进一步研究了为什么蓝光可以促进这样一个有远见的决定,并发现维度内的差异比较——即比较两个选项在时间维度(∆时间a,B)上的差异和在回报维度(∆)上的差分——介导了蓝光(与红光)对跨期选择的影响。目前的研究证明了浅色的有效性,并为推动人们做出有远见的选择提供了解决方案。
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引用次数: 1
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Environment and Behavior
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