Habitat International最新文献_第4页

From fragile states to fragile cities: institutional weakness and urban displacement in Sub-Saharan Africa 从脆弱国家到脆弱城市：撒哈拉以南非洲的制度弱点和城市流离失所

IF 7 1区经济学 Q1 DEVELOPMENT STUDIES

Habitat International

Pub Date : 2025-11-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.habitatint.2025.103668

Emmanuel K. Manu

This paper explores the underexamined role of institutional fragility in shaping urban displacement across Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), a region experiencing rapid urbanization amid persistent governance challenges. Drawing on a panel dataset of 38 SSA countries from 2000 to 2024, the study applies Difference-in-Differences (DID) and Quantile DID (QDID) methods to examine how political instability, public sector weakness, and legal fragility influence displacement trends. The results show that political instability measured through political violence, refugee outflows, and net migration is strongly associated with rising urban displacement. Importantly, this relationship is conditioned by resilience factors: countries with stronger electricity access and higher public health expenditure experience less severe displacement pressures. Public sector weakness captured by government effectiveness, expenditure, and regulatory quality also increases displacement risks, though these effects vary depending on how fiscal resources are directed toward service provision. Legal fragility indicators such as weak rule of law, corruption, and limited voice further exacerbate displacement where institutional protections and services are absent. The quantile analysis highlights that the most severe effects occur in already vulnerable urban contexts. Policy recommendations call for context-specific responses, including resilience-oriented infrastructure, targeted legal reforms, improved data systems, and more inclusive public spending. The findings provide new empirical insights into the institutional roots of Africa's urban displacement crisis and offer a framework for designing adaptive responses to future risks.

本文探讨了制度脆弱性在撒哈拉以南非洲（SSA）地区形成城市流离失所问题中未被充分考虑的作用，该地区正在经历快速城市化，同时面临持续的治理挑战。利用2000年至2024年38个SSA国家的面板数据集，该研究应用差异中差异（DID）和分位数差异（QDID）方法来研究政治不稳定、公共部门薄弱和法律脆弱性如何影响流离失所趋势。结果表明，通过政治暴力、难民外流和净移民来衡量的政治不稳定与城市流离失所者的增加密切相关。重要的是，这种关系受到复原力因素的制约：电力供应更充足和公共卫生支出更高的国家面临的流离失所压力较小。政府效率、支出和监管质量反映的公共部门弱点也增加了流离失所风险，尽管这些影响因财政资源如何用于提供服务而异。法律脆弱性指标，如法治薄弱、腐败和发言权有限，进一步加剧了缺乏制度保护和服务的流离失所。分位数分析强调，最严重的影响发生在本已脆弱的城市环境中。政策建议要求采取因地制宜的应对措施，包括以韧性为导向的基础设施、有针对性的法律改革、改进的数据系统和更具包容性的公共支出。这些发现为了解非洲城市流离失所危机的制度根源提供了新的实证见解，并为设计应对未来风险的适应性对策提供了框架。

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引用次数: 0

The dual mechanism of fixability-flexibility in territorial spatial planning based on the food-energy-water nexus: An empirical simulation case from China 基于食物-能源-水关系的国土空间规划的固定性-灵活性双重机制——以中国为例

IF 7 1区经济学 Q1 DEVELOPMENT STUDIES

Habitat International

Pub Date : 2025-11-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.habitatint.2025.103673

Liping Shan , Tianxiao Zhou , Jiaojiao Luo , Yuzhe Wu

Territorial spatial planning strongly influences the resource allocation and sustainable development of cities in China. Given that agricultural space, urban construction space and ecological space factors exhibit obvious systematic characteristics, the traditional scale and spatial control mode of thinking in territorial spatial planning, which is single and fragmented, has limitations. However, there has been little research on how to combine fixability and flexibility in spatial control strategies to address the increasingly complex contradiction between land space development and protection. For navigating the dual challenges of development and protection within territorial spatial planning and advance high-quality development of national space, this paper puts forth an innovative systematic framework for analysis by combining the territorial spatial planning with food–energy–water nexus (F-E-W Nexus), and designs an integration mechanism that harmonizes fixability and flexibility in territorial spatial planning. Employing system dynamics (SD) methodology, a system model is developed to verify the effectiveness of the fixability-flexibility integration mechanism in territorial spatial planning, and Yiwu city is chosen for the simulation. The results reveal that the “flexible development” mode for urban spatial development, the “quality priority protection” mode for the cultivated land scale of agricultural spatial protection, and the “rigid spatial protection” mode for high-quality cultivated land for agricultural spatial protection enable cities in rapid urbanization to achieve the best performance in sustainable development.

国土空间规划对中国城市资源配置和可持续发展具有重要影响。由于农业空间、城市建设空间和生态空间因子具有明显的系统性特征，传统的国土空间规划尺度和空间控制思维模式存在着单一、碎片化的局限性。然而，如何将空间控制策略的固定性与灵活性相结合，以解决日益复杂的土地空间开发与保护矛盾，却鲜有研究。为应对国土空间规划中发展与保护的双重挑战，推动国家空间高质量发展，本文将国土空间规划与食物-能源-水关系（F-E-W nexus）相结合，提出了创新的系统分析框架，设计了国土空间规划的固定性与灵活性相协调的整合机制。运用系统动力学（SD）方法，建立系统模型，验证国土空间规划中固定性-柔性整合机制的有效性，并选择义乌市进行仿真。研究结果表明：城市空间发展的“柔性发展”模式、农业空间保护耕地规模的“质量优先保护”模式和农业空间保护优质耕地的“刚性空间保护”模式使快速城市化城市的可持续发展绩效达到最佳。

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引用次数: 0

Tracing informality: The spatial legacy of post-war informal settlements in Brisbane, Australia 追踪非正式性：澳大利亚布里斯班战后非正式住区的空间遗产

IF 7 1区经济学 Q1 DEVELOPMENT STUDIES

Habitat International

Pub Date : 2025-11-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.habitatint.2025.103650

Rachel Gallagher

Informal settlements are often associated with cities in the global South, yet they also emerge in high-income countries during periods of acute housing shortage. This study examines the spatial evolution of informal settlements, including temporary housing camps, in Brisbane (Australia). Through a mixed-methods approach, integrating urban morphology, spatial analysis, and archival research, findings reveal how these settlements were gradually absorbed into or reshaped by the surrounding urban fabric. By digitising historical land use maps and aerial imagery, this paper traces changes in pathways, building forms and property boundaries from 1951 to 2024. Archival materials, such as newspaper reports, add social and political context. Findings show that these settlements, while often dismissed as temporary, persisted for decades until alleviated by substantial government investment in housing. While largely forgotten from historical narratives, informal settlements left lasting spatial and social imprints by shaping subsequent development on these sites. The legacy of informal settlements serves as powerful reminders of the consequences of housing scarcity, including in high income countries, and offer valuable lessons for contemporary urban policy, particularly the importance of recognising and planning for informal responses to housing crises.

非正式住区通常与全球南方的城市联系在一起，但在住房严重短缺时期，它们也出现在高收入国家。本研究考察了布里斯班（澳大利亚）非正式住区的空间演变，包括临时住房营地。通过将城市形态、空间分析和档案研究相结合的混合方法，研究结果揭示了这些聚落是如何逐渐被周围的城市结构吸收或重塑的。通过数字化历史土地利用地图和航空图像，本文追溯了1951年至2024年间道路、建筑形式和财产边界的变化。档案材料，如报纸报道，增加了社会和政治背景。调查结果显示，这些定居点虽然经常被认为是暂时的，但却持续了几十年，直到政府对住房的大量投资才得到缓解。虽然在很大程度上被历史叙述所遗忘，但非正式定居点通过塑造这些遗址的后续发展，留下了持久的空间和社会印记。非正式住区的遗产有力地提醒人们注意住房短缺的后果，包括在高收入国家，并为当代城市政策提供了宝贵的经验，特别是认识和规划非正式应对住房危机的重要性。

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引用次数: 0

The intensity of China’s climate change policy from 1992 to 2023: Measurement, evolution and consequence 1992 - 2023年中国气候变化政策强度：测度、演变与后果

IF 7 1区经济学 Q1 DEVELOPMENT STUDIES

Habitat International

Pub Date : 2025-11-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.habitatint.2025.103667

Yilin Li , Jianfu Shen , Yaoyu Lin , Xinrui Liu

Climate change policies are essential in responding to climate change. This study investigates 1310 Chinese national climate policies from 1992 to 2023 by applying deep learning models (ERNIE 3.0, BERT, and RoBERTa) and measuring climate policy intensity from three dimensions, policy objective intensity, policy instrument intensity, and policy stringency intensity. The subsequent analysis focuses on how policy intensity impacts on urban carbon emissions. The analysis of climate policy intensity reveals that policy intensity growth aligns with China’s developmental trajectory. Measurable policy objectives (rather than policy quantity), diverse instruments, and systematic integration of administrative constraints with actionable measures are associated with enhancing policy intensity for mitigation and adaptation efforts. Further analysis suggests that greater policy intensity reduces subsequent carbon emissions in cities, particularly in non-carbon intensive cities, where flexible, tertiary-dominated economic structures facilitate stronger policy responses through technological upgrades and energy optimization. The consequences also indicate that climate policy intensity plays a significant role in achieving carbon neutrality. This study contributes to climate policy evaluation by developing a quantitative framework integrating theoretical and empirical analyses, enhances climate governance research by highlighting economic structure’s role in policy responsiveness, and advances policy formulation by leveraging deep learning for empirically validated, targeted strategies. These findings provide insights for optimizing climate policy design to achieve carbon neutrality and demonstrate the broader applicability of deep learning models in climate policy research, guiding policymakers toward effective, context-specific climate governance strategies.

气候变化政策对应对气候变化至关重要。本文运用ERNIE 3.0、BERT和RoBERTa深度学习模型，从政策目标强度、政策工具强度和政策严格强度三个维度对1992 - 2023年中国1310项国家气候政策进行了研究。随后的分析侧重于政策强度对城市碳排放的影响。对气候政策强度的分析表明，政策强度的增长符合中国的发展轨迹。可衡量的政策目标（而不是政策数量）、多样化的工具以及将行政限制与可采取行动的措施系统地结合起来，都与加强缓解和适应工作的政策强度有关。进一步分析表明，更大的政策强度可以减少城市后续的碳排放，特别是在非碳密集型城市，在这些城市，灵活的、以第三产业为主导的经济结构通过技术升级和能源优化促进了更强有力的政策响应。结果还表明，气候政策强度在实现碳中和方面发挥着重要作用。本研究通过建立一个整合理论和实证分析的定量框架，为气候政策评估做出了贡献；通过强调经济结构在政策响应中的作用，加强了气候治理研究；通过利用深度学习制定经验验证的、有针对性的策略，推进了政策制定。这些发现为优化气候政策设计以实现碳中和提供了见解，并展示了深度学习模型在气候政策研究中的更广泛适用性，指导决策者制定有效的、针对具体情况的气候治理策略。

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引用次数: 0

Social inclusion of domestic tourism migrants: Evidence from four destinations in China 国内旅游移民的社会包容：来自中国四个目的地的证据

IF 7 1区经济学 Q1 DEVELOPMENT STUDIES

Habitat International

Pub Date : 2025-11-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.habitatint.2025.103665

Zengxian Liang , Hui Luo , Jie Sun , Zidan Mao

This study investigates social inclusion strategies and how they differ among various domestic tourism migrants. Through data collection in four Chinese destination cities, the current study: (1) develops a two-dimensional model of the social inclusion strategies of domestic tourism migrants, which includes four strategies (assimilate into local society, assimilate into parallel society, assimilate into reconstructed society, and non-assimilating); (2) identifies four groups of domestic tourism migrants (peripatetic visitors, amenity migrants, seasonal migrants, and full residents) based on their spatiotemporal mobility patterns; and (3) compares the variations in social inclusion strategies among different tourism migrants from different destinations. The results add to the body of knowledge on tourism migration and offer practitioners practical advice on how to make the destinations more appealing.

本研究探讨国内旅游移民的社会包容策略及其差异。通过对中国4个目的地城市的数据收集，本研究：(1)建立了国内旅游流动人口社会包容策略的二维模型，该模型包括同化当地社会、同化平行社会、同化重构社会和非同化四种策略；(2)基于国内旅游流动人口的时空流动特征，划分出了四类国内旅游流动人口（游客型、便利型、季节性和常住型）；(3)比较不同目的地旅游移民社会包容策略的差异。研究结果增加了旅游移民的知识体系，并为从业者提供了如何使目的地更具吸引力的实用建议。

引用次数: 0

Policy for poverty alleviation and relocation promotes synergistic development of the cross-regional social-ecological system: A case study of Guizhou, China 扶贫搬迁政策促进跨区域社会生态系统协同发展——以贵州为例

IF 7 1区经济学 Q1 DEVELOPMENT STUDIES

Habitat International

Pub Date : 2025-11-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.habitatint.2025.103666

Fang Tang , Zhongfa Zhou , Yangbing Li , Yating Jing

The policy of ex situ poverty alleviation and relocation (PAR) effectively achieves socioecological sustainable development goals. However, crossregional socioecological system (SES) interactions and their spatial heterogeneity remain insufficiently explored, potentially constraining constrain the efficacy of subsequent support policies for migrant relocation. Based on the continuous monitoring data, this study constructs an evaluation index system of social adaptability (SA) using four dimensions, namely, economy, livelihood, psychology and development ability. This study applied the methods of ecosystem health (EH) index, coupling coordination degree, and generalized additive model and introduced the telecoupling theory of SES to construct an analysis framework connecting the EH of the migrant outflow sites (MOS) and the SA of the migrant inflow sites (MIS). Results revealed that the SA improved significantly from 2019 to 2022, increaseing by 7.22 % and 15.93 % in 2021 and 2022, respectively. The EH decreased initially and then increased suddenly before stabilizing. Moreover, 18.75 % of the emigration counties continued to increase spatially. Microanalysis revealed the contribution process of PAR to EH. The telecoupling of SA and EH demonstrated a synergistic developmental trend, and spatial distance was found to affect this relationship through complex nonlinear characteristics. Our research deliver insights facilitating the consolidating of the outcomes of ex situ PAR and provide practical support for efforts to reduce global poverty reduction and ensure the coordinated development of cross-regional SES.

异地扶贫搬迁政策有效地实现了社会生态可持续发展目标。然而，跨区域社会生态系统（SES）相互作用及其空间异质性研究仍不充分，可能制约后续移民安置支持政策的有效性。本研究以连续监测数据为基础，从经济、生计、心理、发展能力四个维度构建社会适应性评价指标体系。本研究采用生态系统健康指数、耦合协调度、广义加性模型等方法，引入SES的远耦合理论，构建了连接移民流出地EH与移民流入地SA的分析框架。结果显示，从2019年到2022年，SA显著改善，2021年和2022年分别增长7.22%和15.93%。EH先下降后突然升高，趋于稳定。此外，18.75%的移民县在空间上继续增加。微量分析揭示了PAR对EH的贡献过程。SA和EH的远耦合表现出协同发展的趋势，空间距离通过复杂的非线性特征影响这种关系。我们的研究成果为巩固非地PAR成果提供了有益的见解，为全球减贫和跨区域经济社会协调发展提供了实践支持。

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引用次数: 0

Urban vacant land identification and its distribution rules of China's urban system based on fast segment anything model 基于快速分段任何模型的中国城市体系城市空地识别及其分布规律

IF 7 1区经济学 Q1 DEVELOPMENT STUDIES

Habitat International

Pub Date : 2025-11-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.habitatint.2025.103663

Xinyu Wang , Ying Long

Urban Vacant Land (UVL) is both a resource and a challenge for sustainable urban development. However, large-scale UVL identification remains understudied. This study addresses this gap by proposing an innovative automated UVL identification method utilizing the cutting-edge Segment Anything Model (SAM), applied across all 2446 Natural Cities (NCs) in China. Our findings reveal several distribution patterns. First, the UVL ratio, which refers to the proportion of the UVL area in each NC, follows a log-normal distribution and remains independent of city size. Second, the UVL area adheres to Zipf's law and scaling law, where larger cities tend to have larger UVL areas. Third, we identify five distinct UVL spatial types based on intra-city distribution patterns. In large cities, UVL tends to cluster to form local types, while in smaller cities, they are more dispersed, forming central, peripheral, and scatter types. Forth, regional analysis reveals significant spatial heterogeneity in UVL types across China. Global and peripheral types require special attention, as they present unique challenges due to high UVL ratios and larger average UVL sizes. This study not only advances the methodological framework for UVL identification and providing a comprehensive UVL dataset for China, but also delivers actionable insights for sustainable urban development through the application of AI technology.

城市空地既是城市可持续发展的资源，也是城市可持续发展的挑战。然而，大规模的紫外线识别仍有待进一步研究。本研究提出了一种创新的自动UVL识别方法，利用尖端的细分模型（SAM）解决了这一问题，该方法应用于中国所有2446个自然城市（nc）。我们的发现揭示了几种分布模式。首先，UVL比率，即UVL面积在每个NC中的比例，遵循对数正态分布，并且与城市规模无关。其次，UVL面积符合Zipf定律和比例定律，大城市的UVL面积越大。第三，基于城市内部分布模式，我们确定了五种不同的UVL空间类型。在大城市中，UVL倾向于聚集形成局部型，而在较小的城市中，UVL则更加分散，形成中心型、外围型和分散型。第四，区域分析显示中国UVL类型具有显著的空间异质性。全局和外围类型需要特别注意，因为它们由于高UVL比率和较大的平均UVL尺寸而呈现出独特的挑战。本研究不仅推进了UVL识别的方法框架，为中国提供了一个全面的UVL数据集，而且通过应用人工智能技术为可持续城市发展提供了可操作的见解。

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引用次数: 0

Fragmented landscapes or fragmented futures? Multi-scale mechanistic insights into cultivated land fragmentation in mountainous areas 破碎的景观还是破碎的未来？山区耕地破碎化的多尺度机理研究

IF 7 1区经济学 Q1 DEVELOPMENT STUDIES

Habitat International

Pub Date : 2025-11-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.habitatint.2025.103662

Rui Yang , Li Pan , Zhixi Zhu , Yi Wang , Yi Zhong

Cultivated land fragmentation has long constrained economic-social development, particularly in mountainous regions. Classifying mountain types and analyzing the spatial heterogeneity and multi-scale mechanisms are essential to mitigation. Taking Guizhou Province, China as a case study, this study develops a geomorphic zone-county-township classification framework based on slope, elevation and terrain relief, identifying seven types: non-mountainous (NM), purely hilly (PH), semi-mountainous (SM), quasi-mountainous (QM), apparently mountainous (AM), Type II completely mountainous (ⅡCM), and Type I completely mountainous (ⅠCM). Integrating GIS, remote sensing and DEM data, and applying the entropy weight method to combine multi-dimensional indicators, the study analyzes the multi-scale mechanisms of farmland landscape fragmentation (FLF) in Guizhou's mountainous areas from 1990 to 2020. The results reveal that: (1) At the geomorphic-zone scale, eastern Yunnan and western Guizhou karst plateau subregion and low mountainous river valley subregion in southern Guizhou have the highest CLF, driven by both natural conditions and human activities; (2) At the county scale, ⅡCM and AM counties have the most severe FLF, SM counties show the fastest growth, and a sensitivity threshold emerges when the proportion of mountainous area reaches 80 %–95 %; (3) At the township scale, spatial heterogeneity is evident, with NM and ⅠCM townships experiencing accelerated fragmentation, while PH townships exhibit localized reverse trends, showing declines in FLF even as county-level averages increase. The study offers a transferable multi-scale classification framework and proposes scale-based farmland consolidation strategies, providing references for managing FLF in mountainous and hilly regions worldwide.

耕地细碎化长期以来一直制约着经济社会发展，特别是在山区。山地类型分类、空间异质性分析和多尺度机制分析是减灾研究的重要内容。以贵州省为例，建立了基于坡度、高程和地形起伏度的地貌带-县乡分类框架，划分出非山地（NM）、纯山地（PH）、半山地（SM）、准山地（QM）、明显山地（AM）、二类完全山地（ⅡCM）和一类完全山地（ⅠCM） 7种类型。综合GIS、遥感和DEM数据，运用熵权法结合多维指标，分析了1990 - 2020年贵州山区农田景观破碎化的多尺度机制。结果表明：①在地貌带尺度上，受自然条件和人类活动的共同驱动，滇东黔西喀斯特高原亚区和黔南低山河谷亚区CLF最高；(2)在县域尺度上，ⅡCM县和AM县FLF最严重，SM县增长最快，当山区占比达到80% ~ 95%时出现敏感性阈值；(3)在乡镇尺度上，空间异质性明显，NM和ⅠCM乡镇破碎化加速，而PH乡镇局部呈现相反趋势，即使在县级平均水平增加的情况下，FLF也呈现下降趋势。该研究提供了一个可转移的多尺度分类框架，并提出了基于尺度的耕地整治策略，为全球山地丘陵区水土流失管理提供参考。

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引用次数: 0

Towards carbon neutrality: Developing an assessment framework for villages 迈向碳中和：为村庄制定评估框架

IF 7 1区经济学 Q1 DEVELOPMENT STUDIES

Habitat International

Pub Date : 2025-11-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.habitatint.2025.103658

Hui Zhang , Xueying Tu , Yihui Zhao , Cheng Zhang , Yan Shi , Hongquan Wang , Yixiang Wang

Addressing climate change requires both global cooperation and local action. Mountainous rural areas, with their significant carbon sink potential, play a crucial yet under-explored role in achieving carbon neutrality. However, it is not clear how far these villages are from carbon neutrality. This study proposes a novel carbon neutrality assessment framework specifically designed for mountainous villages, integrating carbon emission reduction, sink, and community engagement to assess and guide local carbon neutrality efforts. Case studies in Baizhang Town and its six surrounding villages showed that the town and four villages achieved carbon neutrality, illustrating the framework's effectiveness in reducing emissions and enhancing sink. Theoretical analysis further supports the framework by providing insights into its applicability and scalability for rural communities. The framework offers a practical tool for local communities to manage carbon emissions and implement sustainable practices. This framework can be adapted to other rural areas, offering a model for carbon neutrality efforts across diverse mountainous regions.

应对气候变化既需要全球合作，也需要地方行动。山区农村地区具有巨大的碳汇潜力，在实现碳中和方面发挥着至关重要但尚未得到充分开发的作用。然而，目前尚不清楚这些村庄离碳中和还有多远。本研究提出了一个专门为山区村庄设计的新型碳中和评估框架，将碳减排、碳汇和社区参与整合起来，以评估和指导当地的碳中和工作。百丈镇及其周边6个村庄的案例研究表明，该镇和4个村庄实现了碳中和，说明了该框架在减少排放和增强碳汇方面的有效性。理论分析进一步支持该框架，为其在农村社区的适用性和可扩展性提供了见解。该框架为地方社区管理碳排放和实施可持续做法提供了一个实用工具。这一框架可以适用于其他农村地区，为不同山区的碳中和工作提供了一个模式。

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引用次数: 0

Corrigendum to “Do the motivations behind home sales matter? Evidence from China's housing resale market” [Habitat International 166 (2025) 103625] “房屋销售背后的动机重要吗？”来自中国住房转售市场的证据”[Habitat International 166 (2025) 103625]

IF 7 1区经济学 Q1 DEVELOPMENT STUDIES

Habitat International

Pub Date : 2025-11-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.habitatint.2025.103664

Yiqi Huang , Weida Kuang

引用次数: 0