Habitat International最新文献

Indigeneity in India and globally remains largely tied to rurality, and in urban spaces, as primary (re)negotiations of their urban affiliations, portrayals and experiences. This paper instead introduces a negligent trope of urban indigeneity, particularly as it manifests in often overlooked yet advancing urban spaces within the ‘indigenous geographies’ of the global south. Focusing on Jharkhand, an eastern state of India with a predominant tribal population, the paper explores cities and towns with strong indigenous character, embracing both their customary associations and contemporary socio-spatial formations. Employing a mixed-method approach, we examine their embedded urban social landscapes through tribal toponyms (landmarks or place names) and evolving urban socio-spatial interactions via demographic concentrations, both as indicators of growing integrations into indigenous urbanscapes. Findings suggest that despite their long-established histories and enduring identities, to a greater or lesser extent, urban tribals are increasingly adapting an outward-pushed urban socio-spatial formation. With shrinking urban cores and shifting social peripheries, indigenous cities and towns are reproducing a socio-spatial dialectic that impedes most urban-led social mobility and perpetuates the precariousness of urban indigeneity.

Sustainable integration of rural settlements into metropolises is one of the most challenging issues in the Global South. Due to rapid urbanisation, various villages, which often have underdeveloped infrastructure and amenities, have been incorporated into cities and have become Villages-in-the-City (ViCs). ViCs represent neighbourhoods that have not been designed by professionals, but they generally have strong social network and house millions of inhabitants. While the proliferation of ViCs within the cities of the Global South has been phenomenal due to their economic, spatial, and social integration with their urban environments, the morphogenesis of ViCs remains largely understudied. By analysing multiple case studies in the Global South using extensive urban mapping, the article puts forward a typology of ViCs characterised by their incorporation process. Four primary types, namely Separation, Oasis, Maze, and Sprawl, are illustrated based on two criteria: the relationship between ViCs and surrounding built-up areas, and incremental development within ViCs. The study raises an emerging question about the visibility of ViCs in relation to the politics of upgrading within cities.

Analyzing the impact of the housing purchase restriction policy on residential land supply is crucial for land and real estate market regulation. Although numerous studies have investigated the impact of the purchase restriction policy on the real estate market, there is relatively less research on their effect on the land transfer market. Herein, we examined the impact of the purchase restriction policy on the real estate market and the land grant market through the“price-volume” dimension using a panel of 273 cities from 2004 to 2018 in China. The results are as follows: (1)purchase restriction policy can have a significant impact on the real estate supply market (land grant market) in China; (2)the impact of the purchase restriction policy on the number of land sales is significantly negative, but there is a difference in the impact on the price of land sales; (3)the impact of the purchase restriction policy on the reduction of the number of land grants and the increase of the price of land grants is extremely significant in first-tier cities, with decreasing effects on second- and third-tier cities decreases in turn; (4) the purchase restriction reduces the number of land sales most strongly and lifts the price of land grants the most in the eastern city in China. The policy effect was significantly weakened in the central and western regions. In the western region, the purchase restriction even hit the land supply market, with a significant negative impact on both the volume of land sales and the price of land sales.

Food deserts in Chile present a singularity in the context of the Global South. Unlike other countries where food security is mainly achieved through informal trade, in Chile, weekly streets markets is the structural system providing fresh food. Supermarkets complement spatially and functionally street markets. Both systems and their temporal operation makes that the Chilean food deserts main characteristic is their intermittency. The purpose of this research is to analyze the Chilean food deserts to contrast them with the predominant North and Global South discourses and position the Chilean case internationally. Specifically, this article looks to analyze the importance of the spatiotemporal dimension in food access studies where a healthy diet depends on systems other than supermarkets characterized by intermittent operation over week. For this purpose, this article takes the Metropolitan Area of Concepcion as case. First, the research identifies the location and the socioeconomic groups associated with the different degrees of access from a static perspective based on the spatial distribution of supermarkets and street markets. Then, the dynamic analysis introduces the time dimension to reveal the variability of access patterns and the impact on vulnerable groups.

The intermittency of the food deserts positions Chile as halfway between the Global South and North models. The particularity of this model is that intermittently and regularly provides a healthy food environment within food deserts. Additionaly, it has the potential to be planned for overcoming structural inequalities in spatial fresh food access.

Working-residential spaces segregation has become a pressing issue, exacerbated by the unequal allocation of spatial and social resources within contemporary metropolitans. However, limited research has delved into working-residential spaces segregation through the lens of urban space allocation, and few studies have investigated the interplay between policy and spatial segregation within urban expansion. To deepen our understanding of the triad relationship among government, residents, and spaces in the urbanization process, it is essential to promote the rational allocation of spatial resources, mitigate the conflict between working-residential spaces, and bolster the government's socialized governance and sustainable regulation. Therefore, this study takes Chengdu as a case to identify working-residential spaces, and categorize working-residential spaces segregation into nine types, analyzing the spatial functions and working-residential spaces segregation. Results show that spaces segregation varies considerably between inner-outer cities, and that urban expansion of outer cities has not alleviated working-residential spaces segregation. In terms of spatial distribution, the inner cities have a large number of residential spaces, while working spaces are located in the west and south sides of the outer cities. In terms of work-residential spaces segregation, the segregation is much more severe in the outer cities than inner cities, especially in the government-planned high-tech zone and new districts, which show extremely severe spatial segregation. Critically, the study challenges the efficacy of constructing new districts in resolving urban segregation. It contributes valuable insights into comprehending urban spatial equity and justice through the lens of urban spaces, offering a reference point for the enhancement of urban social governance.

Research on climate migration is increasingly analyzing not only the role of climate as a migration driver but also migration's adaptive and maladaptive outcomes. However, despite broad recognition that climate-related migration is overwhelmingly rural-to-urban, migration's effects on the vulnerability and adaptive capacity of the receiving urban destinations, many of which struggle to adapt to climate change, have received scant attention. To begin addressing this gap, this study examines how urban planners and policymakers in flood-prone Dar es Salaam, Tanzania's main migration destination and Africa's fastest-growing metropolis, perceive these effects. To this end, we utilize semi-structured interviews to examine three interrelated dimensions: migration's effects on flooding, the potential responses to ameliorate its adverse effects, and migrants' capabilities and the ways the city can harness those capabilities to reduce flooding.

The results show that most planners and policymakers view migration as mainly exacerbating flooding yet also perceive migrants as possessing the potential to contribute to urban adaptation. This potential encompasses aspects recognizing migrants' agency, such as adaptation knowledge and planning skills, alongside ‘physical-economic’ elements linked with the use of migrants as labor for maintaining drainage channels and their contribution to enlarging the city's tax base, which may assist in funding flood-prevention infrastructure. However, the results also point to Dar es Salaam's inaction to exploit this potential, accompanied by a perceived lack of responsibility for advancing adaptation. We conclude by highlighting the importance of adopting a proactive approach to mapping and harnessing migrants' capabilities, ultimately contingent on cities' willingness to assume this responsibility.