Pub Date : 2025-11-14DOI: 10.1016/j.habitatint.2025.103663
Xinyu Wang , Ying Long
Urban Vacant Land (UVL) is both a resource and a challenge for sustainable urban development. However, large-scale UVL identification remains understudied. This study addresses this gap by proposing an innovative automated UVL identification method utilizing the cutting-edge Segment Anything Model (SAM), applied across all 2446 Natural Cities (NCs) in China. Our findings reveal several distribution patterns. First, the UVL ratio, which refers to the proportion of the UVL area in each NC, follows a log-normal distribution and remains independent of city size. Second, the UVL area adheres to Zipf's law and scaling law, where larger cities tend to have larger UVL areas. Third, we identify five distinct UVL spatial types based on intra-city distribution patterns. In large cities, UVL tends to cluster to form local types, while in smaller cities, they are more dispersed, forming central, peripheral, and scatter types. Forth, regional analysis reveals significant spatial heterogeneity in UVL types across China. Global and peripheral types require special attention, as they present unique challenges due to high UVL ratios and larger average UVL sizes. This study not only advances the methodological framework for UVL identification and providing a comprehensive UVL dataset for China, but also delivers actionable insights for sustainable urban development through the application of AI technology.
{"title":"Urban vacant land identification and its distribution rules of China's urban system based on fast segment anything model","authors":"Xinyu Wang , Ying Long","doi":"10.1016/j.habitatint.2025.103663","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.habitatint.2025.103663","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Urban Vacant Land (UVL) is both a resource and a challenge for sustainable urban development. However, large-scale UVL identification remains understudied. This study addresses this gap by proposing an innovative automated UVL identification method utilizing the cutting-edge Segment Anything Model (SAM), applied across all 2446 Natural Cities (NCs) in China. Our findings reveal several distribution patterns. First, the UVL ratio, which refers to the proportion of the UVL area in each NC, follows a log-normal distribution and remains independent of city size. Second, the UVL area adheres to Zipf's law and scaling law, where larger cities tend to have larger UVL areas. Third, we identify five distinct UVL spatial types based on intra-city distribution patterns. In large cities, UVL tends to cluster to form local types, while in smaller cities, they are more dispersed, forming central, peripheral, and scatter types. Forth, regional analysis reveals significant spatial heterogeneity in UVL types across China. Global and peripheral types require special attention, as they present unique challenges due to high UVL ratios and larger average UVL sizes. This study not only advances the methodological framework for UVL identification and providing a comprehensive UVL dataset for China, but also delivers actionable insights for sustainable urban development through the application of AI technology.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48376,"journal":{"name":"Habitat International","volume":"167 ","pages":"Article 103663"},"PeriodicalIF":7.0,"publicationDate":"2025-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145520770","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-11-13DOI: 10.1016/j.habitatint.2025.103662
Rui Yang , Li Pan , Zhixi Zhu , Yi Wang , Yi Zhong
Cultivated land fragmentation has long constrained economic-social development, particularly in mountainous regions. Classifying mountain types and analyzing the spatial heterogeneity and multi-scale mechanisms are essential to mitigation. Taking Guizhou Province, China as a case study, this study develops a geomorphic zone-county-township classification framework based on slope, elevation and terrain relief, identifying seven types: non-mountainous (NM), purely hilly (PH), semi-mountainous (SM), quasi-mountainous (QM), apparently mountainous (AM), Type II completely mountainous (ⅡCM), and Type I completely mountainous (ⅠCM). Integrating GIS, remote sensing and DEM data, and applying the entropy weight method to combine multi-dimensional indicators, the study analyzes the multi-scale mechanisms of farmland landscape fragmentation (FLF) in Guizhou's mountainous areas from 1990 to 2020. The results reveal that: (1) At the geomorphic-zone scale, eastern Yunnan and western Guizhou karst plateau subregion and low mountainous river valley subregion in southern Guizhou have the highest CLF, driven by both natural conditions and human activities; (2) At the county scale, ⅡCM and AM counties have the most severe FLF, SM counties show the fastest growth, and a sensitivity threshold emerges when the proportion of mountainous area reaches 80 %–95 %; (3) At the township scale, spatial heterogeneity is evident, with NM and ⅠCM townships experiencing accelerated fragmentation, while PH townships exhibit localized reverse trends, showing declines in FLF even as county-level averages increase. The study offers a transferable multi-scale classification framework and proposes scale-based farmland consolidation strategies, providing references for managing FLF in mountainous and hilly regions worldwide.
{"title":"Fragmented landscapes or fragmented futures? Multi-scale mechanistic insights into cultivated land fragmentation in mountainous areas","authors":"Rui Yang , Li Pan , Zhixi Zhu , Yi Wang , Yi Zhong","doi":"10.1016/j.habitatint.2025.103662","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.habitatint.2025.103662","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Cultivated land fragmentation has long constrained economic-social development, particularly in mountainous regions. Classifying mountain types and analyzing the spatial heterogeneity and multi-scale mechanisms are essential to mitigation. Taking Guizhou Province, China as a case study, this study develops a geomorphic zone-county-township classification framework based on slope, elevation and terrain relief, identifying seven types: non-mountainous (NM), purely hilly (PH), semi-mountainous (SM), quasi-mountainous (QM), apparently mountainous (AM), Type II completely mountainous (ⅡCM), and Type I completely mountainous (ⅠCM). Integrating GIS, remote sensing and DEM data, and applying the entropy weight method to combine multi-dimensional indicators, the study analyzes the multi-scale mechanisms of farmland landscape fragmentation (FLF) in Guizhou's mountainous areas from 1990 to 2020. The results reveal that: (1) At the geomorphic-zone scale, eastern Yunnan and western Guizhou karst plateau subregion and low mountainous river valley subregion in southern Guizhou have the highest CLF, driven by both natural conditions and human activities; (2) At the county scale, ⅡCM and AM counties have the most severe FLF, SM counties show the fastest growth, and a sensitivity threshold emerges when the proportion of mountainous area reaches 80 %–95 %; (3) At the township scale, spatial heterogeneity is evident, with NM and ⅠCM townships experiencing accelerated fragmentation, while PH townships exhibit localized reverse trends, showing declines in FLF even as county-level averages increase. The study offers a transferable multi-scale classification framework and proposes scale-based farmland consolidation strategies, providing references for managing FLF in mountainous and hilly regions worldwide.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48376,"journal":{"name":"Habitat International","volume":"167 ","pages":"Article 103662"},"PeriodicalIF":7.0,"publicationDate":"2025-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145520767","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-11-13DOI: 10.1016/j.habitatint.2025.103658
Hui Zhang , Xueying Tu , Yihui Zhao , Cheng Zhang , Yan Shi , Hongquan Wang , Yixiang Wang
Addressing climate change requires both global cooperation and local action. Mountainous rural areas, with their significant carbon sink potential, play a crucial yet under-explored role in achieving carbon neutrality. However, it is not clear how far these villages are from carbon neutrality. This study proposes a novel carbon neutrality assessment framework specifically designed for mountainous villages, integrating carbon emission reduction, sink, and community engagement to assess and guide local carbon neutrality efforts. Case studies in Baizhang Town and its six surrounding villages showed that the town and four villages achieved carbon neutrality, illustrating the framework's effectiveness in reducing emissions and enhancing sink. Theoretical analysis further supports the framework by providing insights into its applicability and scalability for rural communities. The framework offers a practical tool for local communities to manage carbon emissions and implement sustainable practices. This framework can be adapted to other rural areas, offering a model for carbon neutrality efforts across diverse mountainous regions.
{"title":"Towards carbon neutrality: Developing an assessment framework for villages","authors":"Hui Zhang , Xueying Tu , Yihui Zhao , Cheng Zhang , Yan Shi , Hongquan Wang , Yixiang Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.habitatint.2025.103658","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.habitatint.2025.103658","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Addressing climate change requires both global cooperation and local action. Mountainous rural areas, with their significant carbon sink potential, play a crucial yet under-explored role in achieving carbon neutrality. However, it is not clear how far these villages are from carbon neutrality. This study proposes a novel carbon neutrality assessment framework specifically designed for mountainous villages, integrating carbon emission reduction, sink, and community engagement to assess and guide local carbon neutrality efforts. Case studies in Baizhang Town and its six surrounding villages showed that the town and four villages achieved carbon neutrality, illustrating the framework's effectiveness in reducing emissions and enhancing sink. Theoretical analysis further supports the framework by providing insights into its applicability and scalability for rural communities. The framework offers a practical tool for local communities to manage carbon emissions and implement sustainable practices. This framework can be adapted to other rural areas, offering a model for carbon neutrality efforts across diverse mountainous regions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48376,"journal":{"name":"Habitat International","volume":"167 ","pages":"Article 103658"},"PeriodicalIF":7.0,"publicationDate":"2025-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145520844","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-11-08DOI: 10.1016/j.habitatint.2025.103653
Chaoqing Chai , Huadong Zhu , Haoyang Wang , Hui Zhang , Ronghao Wen , Yuanyuan Li , Peixue Xing , Wenhao Niu , Zhenhao Liu , Licheng Liu , Xiangbin Kong , Bangbang Zhang
Farmland fragmentation and green productivity are pivotal challenges in global agriculture, especially in ecologically fragile river basins where farming is crucial and the environment is precarious. Yet, the intensity and pathway through which county-level fragmentation undermine green productivity remain largely unexplored. This study examines 447 counties in the Yellow River basin using the CNLUCC dataset to calculate farmland fragmentation index (FFI). Utilizing panel data from 2000, 2005, 2010, 2015, and 2020, we develop an assessment framework of farmland green productivity (FGP), which is estimated using a super-efficiency SBM model. Based on the “quantity-spatial” scale effects and Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC) theory, this study develops a theoretical model of FFI's impact on FGP and conducts a comparative statics and green elasticity analysis. Furthermore, fixed effects, instrumental variable (IV), mediation, and moderation models are applied to empirically dissect the impact and underlying mechanism of FFI on FGP, complemented by heterogeneity analysis. Our results reveal that: (1) FFI exerts a significant negative influence on FGP, a finding that holds robust across various tests and remains consistent even when road network is used as an IV to address endogeneity. Specifically, a one-unit increase in FFI corresponds to a 0.438-unit decline in FGP, equivalent to a 69 % decrease; (2) the adverse impact of fragmentation on FGP varies markedly across location, topography, development statuses, and fragmentation intensity. In particular, rugged topography exacerbates the negative effect, especially in mountainous areas, while under high grain cropping structures, fragmentation more strongly suppresses FGP in plains by impeding mechanization and resource consolidation; (3) mechanism analysis indicates that FFI diminishes FGP primarily by shifts toward non-grain cropping structures, curtailing mechanization intensity, and escalating agrochemical inputs. Additionally, larger farm size serves to buffer the negative impacts of fragmentation. Furthermore, fragmentation delays the arrival of the EKC turning point. In light of these findings, policy measures should prioritize farmland consolidation, the optimization of cropping structures, the adoption of green technologies, and the expansion of farm size to foster agricultural sustainable intensification and mitigate the deleterious effects of fragmentation on green productivity.
{"title":"Assessing the impact of farmland fragmentation on green productivity in Yellow River Basin: A “quantity-spatial” scale effects perspective and EKC hypothesis test","authors":"Chaoqing Chai , Huadong Zhu , Haoyang Wang , Hui Zhang , Ronghao Wen , Yuanyuan Li , Peixue Xing , Wenhao Niu , Zhenhao Liu , Licheng Liu , Xiangbin Kong , Bangbang Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.habitatint.2025.103653","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.habitatint.2025.103653","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Farmland fragmentation and green productivity are pivotal challenges in global agriculture, especially in ecologically fragile river basins where farming is crucial and the environment is precarious. Yet, the intensity and pathway through which county-level fragmentation undermine green productivity remain largely unexplored. This study examines 447 counties in the Yellow River basin using the CNLUCC dataset to calculate farmland fragmentation index (FFI). Utilizing panel data from 2000, 2005, 2010, 2015, and 2020, we develop an assessment framework of farmland green productivity (FGP), which is estimated using a super-efficiency SBM model. Based on the “quantity-spatial” scale effects and Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC) theory, this study develops a theoretical model of FFI's impact on FGP and conducts a comparative statics and green elasticity analysis. Furthermore, fixed effects, instrumental variable (IV), mediation, and moderation models are applied to empirically dissect the impact and underlying mechanism of FFI on FGP, complemented by heterogeneity analysis. Our results reveal that: (1) FFI exerts a significant negative influence on FGP, a finding that holds robust across various tests and remains consistent even when road network is used as an IV to address endogeneity. Specifically, a one-unit increase in FFI corresponds to a 0.438-unit decline in FGP, equivalent to a 69 % decrease; (2) the adverse impact of fragmentation on FGP varies markedly across location, topography, development statuses, and fragmentation intensity. In particular, rugged topography exacerbates the negative effect, especially in mountainous areas, while under high grain cropping structures, fragmentation more strongly suppresses FGP in plains by impeding mechanization and resource consolidation; (3) mechanism analysis indicates that FFI diminishes FGP primarily by shifts toward non-grain cropping structures, curtailing mechanization intensity, and escalating agrochemical inputs. Additionally, larger farm size serves to buffer the negative impacts of fragmentation. Furthermore, fragmentation delays the arrival of the EKC turning point. In light of these findings, policy measures should prioritize farmland consolidation, the optimization of cropping structures, the adoption of green technologies, and the expansion of farm size to foster agricultural sustainable intensification and mitigate the deleterious effects of fragmentation on green productivity.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48376,"journal":{"name":"Habitat International","volume":"167 ","pages":"Article 103653"},"PeriodicalIF":7.0,"publicationDate":"2025-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145467751","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-11-08DOI: 10.1016/j.habitatint.2025.103631
Chenchen Wang , Yaobin Liu , Baoliu Liu , Zhenhua He
How to ensure the steady improvement of economic benefits while effectively protecting the ecological environment has become a focal point of concern for China and the world. Drawing on the theories of strong sustainability, and considering regional technological heterogeneity and human habitat needs, this study employs a three-stage super-efficiency slack-based measure model based on a metafrontier to calculate the ecological total factor productivity (ETFP) of cities in China and its three major ecological functional regions from 2010 to 2021. This study presents the following findings. First, after excluding the effects of external environment and random factors, the efficiency values in the third stage effectively correcting the underestimation of ETFP in the first stage. Second, there are significant regional differences in the ETFP of Chinese cities under the two frontiers. It is characterized by human settlement guarantee > ecological regulation > product provision functional zone. Moreover, the three major ecological regions exhibit considerable technological heterogeneity. Furthermore, external environmental factors exert a more significant effect on cities' ETFP than internal management factors, offering an effective pathway for enhancing ETFP in Chinese cities. This study aims to provide multidimensional perspectives and effective strategies for integrating ecological and socioeconomic processes in China. Additionally, it hopes to offer valuable insights and inspiration for the global transition to a green, low-carbon economy and the enhancement of human well-being.
{"title":"Ecologizing total factor productivity in Chinese cities: Perspectives of technological heterogeneity and human habitat needs","authors":"Chenchen Wang , Yaobin Liu , Baoliu Liu , Zhenhua He","doi":"10.1016/j.habitatint.2025.103631","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.habitatint.2025.103631","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>How to ensure the steady improvement of economic benefits while effectively protecting the ecological environment has become a focal point of concern for China and the world. Drawing on the theories of strong sustainability, and considering regional technological heterogeneity and human habitat needs, this study employs a three-stage super-efficiency slack-based measure model based on a metafrontier to calculate the ecological total factor productivity (ETFP) of cities in China and its three major ecological functional regions from 2010 to 2021. This study presents the following findings. First, after excluding the effects of external environment and random factors, the efficiency values in the third stage effectively correcting the underestimation of ETFP in the first stage. Second, there are significant regional differences in the ETFP of Chinese cities under the two frontiers. It is characterized by human settlement guarantee > ecological regulation > product provision functional zone. Moreover, the three major ecological regions exhibit considerable technological heterogeneity. Furthermore, external environmental factors exert a more significant effect on cities' ETFP than internal management factors, offering an effective pathway for enhancing ETFP in Chinese cities. This study aims to provide multidimensional perspectives and effective strategies for integrating ecological and socioeconomic processes in China. Additionally, it hopes to offer valuable insights and inspiration for the global transition to a green, low-carbon economy and the enhancement of human well-being.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48376,"journal":{"name":"Habitat International","volume":"167 ","pages":"Article 103631"},"PeriodicalIF":7.0,"publicationDate":"2025-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145467621","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-11-08DOI: 10.1016/j.habitatint.2025.103660
Zhaoyingzi Dong , Jiayan Shi , Yuanshuo Xu , Siqi Sun , Yan Wu , Xuelian Li
This study examines the impact of inter-governmental activities on collaborative technological innovation in the Yangtze River Delta, utilizing a dataset of invention patent authorizations and inter-governmental activities news from local government websites. The results reveal that inter-governmental activities significantly stimulate the growth of collaborative patents, underscoring their positive effects on cross-city technological innovation. Mechanism analysis indicates that inter-governmental activities promote the flow of innovative factors, enhance market attractiveness, and strengthen governmental resource allocation, all of which contribute to collaborative technological innovation. Heterogeneity analysis further shows that only inter-governmental activities of core-peripheral cities significantly enhances collaborative technological innovation, while activities between core-core or peripheral-peripheral cities do not show the same effect. Additionally, economically weaker cities yield greater innovation outcomes than stronger cities. These findings underscore the crucial but uneven role of inter-governmental activities in fostering cross-city technological innovation, highlighting important implications for promoting more equitable regional development.
{"title":"Do inter-governmental activities affect collaborative technological innovation? Evidence from Yangtze River Delta in China","authors":"Zhaoyingzi Dong , Jiayan Shi , Yuanshuo Xu , Siqi Sun , Yan Wu , Xuelian Li","doi":"10.1016/j.habitatint.2025.103660","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.habitatint.2025.103660","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study examines the impact of inter-governmental activities on collaborative technological innovation in the Yangtze River Delta, utilizing a dataset of invention patent authorizations and inter-governmental activities news from local government websites. The results reveal that inter-governmental activities significantly stimulate the growth of collaborative patents, underscoring their positive effects on cross-city technological innovation. Mechanism analysis indicates that inter-governmental activities promote the flow of innovative factors, enhance market attractiveness, and strengthen governmental resource allocation, all of which contribute to collaborative technological innovation. Heterogeneity analysis further shows that only inter-governmental activities of core-peripheral cities significantly enhances collaborative technological innovation, while activities between core-core or peripheral-peripheral cities do not show the same effect. Additionally, economically weaker cities yield greater innovation outcomes than stronger cities. These findings underscore the crucial but uneven role of inter-governmental activities in fostering cross-city technological innovation, highlighting important implications for promoting more equitable regional development.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48376,"journal":{"name":"Habitat International","volume":"167 ","pages":"Article 103660"},"PeriodicalIF":7.0,"publicationDate":"2025-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145467623","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-11-07DOI: 10.1016/j.habitatint.2025.103661
Hongjie Peng , Xuesong Zhang , Ju He , Xiaowen Zhou , Qiuyu Zou , Pengfei Zhang
Coordinated development of cropland multifunctionality is crucial for optimizing land resource allocation and advancing agricultural sustainability. However, the spatial differentiation of cropland functions and their drivers across multiple urban-rural gradients have not been systematically explored, posing a significant barrier to achieving high-quality agricultural development. To broaden the research perspective, this study systematically evaluates the spatial differentiation of cropland production-living-ecological functions (PLEFs) across multiple urban-rural gradients in the Jianghan Plain. It further reveals the trade-offs and synergies among these functions and identifies their key drivers. The results show that cropland PLEFs exhibit significant spatial heterogeneity along the urban-rural gradient: rural clusters and low-density rural grid cells demonstrate relatively stronger production function (PF), while dense and semi-dense urban cluster grid cells exhibit higher living function (LF), and ecological function (EF) is particularly prominent in low-density rural grid cells. Across different gradients, cropland PLEFs exhibit complex nonlinear patterns of trade-offs and synergies, with rural areas showing PF-EF trade-offs driven by distinct mechanisms. PF-LF trade-offs along the urban-rural gradient first intensify moving from urban to rural areas and then gradually weaken. Moreover, cropland PLEFs are jointly shaped by human activities, climatic conditions, and geomorphic features, with their influences varying considerably across urban-rural gradients. Building on the identified trade-offs and drivers, this research proposes differentiated optimization strategies to foster coordinated economic, social, and ecological benefits. The findings offer scientific guidance for land-use planning, agricultural policy, and ecological conservation in major grain-producing areas, thereby supporting regional agricultural sustainability.
{"title":"Spatial differentiation of cropland multifunctionality trade-offs and their drivers across urban-rural gradients: A case study of major grain-producing areas, China","authors":"Hongjie Peng , Xuesong Zhang , Ju He , Xiaowen Zhou , Qiuyu Zou , Pengfei Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.habitatint.2025.103661","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.habitatint.2025.103661","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Coordinated development of cropland multifunctionality is crucial for optimizing land resource allocation and advancing agricultural sustainability. However, the spatial differentiation of cropland functions and their drivers across multiple urban-rural gradients have not been systematically explored, posing a significant barrier to achieving high-quality agricultural development. To broaden the research perspective, this study systematically evaluates the spatial differentiation of cropland production-living-ecological functions (PLEFs) across multiple urban-rural gradients in the Jianghan Plain. It further reveals the trade-offs and synergies among these functions and identifies their key drivers. The results show that cropland PLEFs exhibit significant spatial heterogeneity along the urban-rural gradient: rural clusters and low-density rural grid cells demonstrate relatively stronger production function (PF), while dense and semi-dense urban cluster grid cells exhibit higher living function (LF), and ecological function (EF) is particularly prominent in low-density rural grid cells. Across different gradients, cropland PLEFs exhibit complex nonlinear patterns of trade-offs and synergies, with rural areas showing PF-EF trade-offs driven by distinct mechanisms. PF-LF trade-offs along the urban-rural gradient first intensify moving from urban to rural areas and then gradually weaken. Moreover, cropland PLEFs are jointly shaped by human activities, climatic conditions, and geomorphic features, with their influences varying considerably across urban-rural gradients. Building on the identified trade-offs and drivers, this research proposes differentiated optimization strategies to foster coordinated economic, social, and ecological benefits. The findings offer scientific guidance for land-use planning, agricultural policy, and ecological conservation in major grain-producing areas, thereby supporting regional agricultural sustainability.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48376,"journal":{"name":"Habitat International","volume":"167 ","pages":"Article 103661"},"PeriodicalIF":7.0,"publicationDate":"2025-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145467684","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-11-06DOI: 10.1016/j.habitatint.2025.103648
Meiling Zeng , Yuechen Li , Tao Lu , Bo He , Zihua Qian , Fang Wang , Qiao Huang , Rongxiang Wang
The identification of urban functional areas is crucial in urban planning, development, and resource management. Existing studies predominantly focus on cities located on plains, with relatively few studies having been conducted on functional area identification in mountainous cities. Hence, in this study, we propose a framework for identifying functional zones in mountainous urban areas based on multi-source data fusion and majority voting ensemble methods. This framework integrates features from multiple sources including building morphology, point of interest (POI) tag attributes, and high-resolution remote sensing imagery. Dimensionality reduction of features is performed using recursive feature elimination (RFE) and principal component analysis (PCA). Subsequently, the dimensionality reduced feature data are used to train the base model, before functional area classification is performed using the majority voting method. In our case study of the central urban district of Chongqing, this method achieves overall accuracies of 85.74 % and 82.04 % for primary- and secondary-level functional zone identification, respectively. This demonstrates the applicability and superiority of multi-source data fusion methods in complex terrains. This study provides important support for improving urban functional zone identification accuracy and optimizing urban planning and management. Moreover, it offers a valuable reference for functional zone identification in cities with similar terrain.
{"title":"Identification of urban functional zones in mountainous cities based on multi-source data and voting ensemble methods: A case study of Chongqing, China","authors":"Meiling Zeng , Yuechen Li , Tao Lu , Bo He , Zihua Qian , Fang Wang , Qiao Huang , Rongxiang Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.habitatint.2025.103648","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.habitatint.2025.103648","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The identification of urban functional areas is crucial in urban planning, development, and resource management. Existing studies predominantly focus on cities located on plains, with relatively few studies having been conducted on functional area identification in mountainous cities. Hence, in this study, we propose a framework for identifying functional zones in mountainous urban areas based on multi-source data fusion and majority voting ensemble methods. This framework integrates features from multiple sources including building morphology, point of interest (POI) tag attributes, and high-resolution remote sensing imagery. Dimensionality reduction of features is performed using recursive feature elimination (RFE) and principal component analysis (PCA). Subsequently, the dimensionality reduced feature data are used to train the base model, before functional area classification is performed using the majority voting method. In our case study of the central urban district of Chongqing, this method achieves overall accuracies of 85.74 % and 82.04 % for primary- and secondary-level functional zone identification, respectively. This demonstrates the applicability and superiority of multi-source data fusion methods in complex terrains. This study provides important support for improving urban functional zone identification accuracy and optimizing urban planning and management. Moreover, it offers a valuable reference for functional zone identification in cities with similar terrain.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48376,"journal":{"name":"Habitat International","volume":"167 ","pages":"Article 103648"},"PeriodicalIF":7.0,"publicationDate":"2025-11-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145467609","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-11-06DOI: 10.1016/j.habitatint.2025.103659
Cong Ou , Yansui Liu , Jieyong Wang , Xuanchang Zhang , Yaqun Liu
Prolonged and unidirectional rural-to-urban migration has intensified rural hollowing and led to the emergence of numerous “hollow villages”, posing a significant threat to the sustainability of rural development. However, the complexity of human-earth coupling makes it difficult to achieve a fine-scale assessment of this phenomenon at the national scale. To address this gap, a bottom-up and region-adapted assessment framework based on human-earth system theory and multiple open-access data sources is proposed to assess the dynamic patterns of rural settlement (RUS) hollowing risk in China over the past two decades. The results show that the vitality of RUS in China declined from 4.12 in 2000 to 3.12 in 2020, with approximately 50 % of RUS concentrating 80 % of the rural population. The area of rural residential land with high potential for land consolidation increased from 74,109.21 km2 in 2010 to 95,420.31 km2 in 2020, primarily concentrated in the Huang-Huai-Hai Plain and the Northeast Plain. The intensification of RUS hollowing risk is mainly driven by the spatial spillover effects of urbanization and the level of socioeconomic development within counties. By leveraging publicly available data with a cost-effective assessment framework, this study not only provides scientific support for spatially refined rural planning and governance but also offers policy implications for promoting rational county urbanization under China's evolving development context.
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