Digital transformation (DIGT) can not only overcome multiple communication barriers in delivering goods and services, but also foster the emergence of new consumption patterns and better cater to residents' diverse preferences, thereby promoting efficient supply–demand matching. By integrating enterprise-level panel data from Shanghai and Shenzhen A-share listed enterprises with regional data across 30 Chinese provinces (municipalities) from 2013 to 2022, we investigate the impact and underlying mechanisms through which DIGT drives residents’ consumption upgrading (CONUPG). We find that DIGT can promote CONUPG, with a progressively increasing trend that shifts from western to eastern regions relative to the Hu-Huanyong Line. Heterogeneity analysis finds that the DIGT of large-scale and non-SOE enterprises promotes CONUPG, and the effect of DIGT on CONUPG is more pronounced in the eastern region. Mechanism analysis demonstrates that on the demand side, DIGT facilitates CONUPG by enhancing payment convenience and alleviating liquidity constraints. On the supply side, total factor productivity and commodity circulation efficiency serve as key transmission channels. Furthermore, the effect of DIGT on CONUPG via wholesale efficiency improvement is more substantial than that through retail efficiency. Besides, product quality significantly amplifies the positive impact of DIGT on CONUPG. Further analysis reveals that DIGT, influenced by digital transformation speed, promotes CONUPG only when it reaches a moderate level. Additionally, DIGT has a positive spatial spillover effect on CONUPG. These findings provide a solid theoretical foundation for advancing supply–demand structure adjustments to facilitate CONUPG.
{"title":"How does digital transformation promote residents' consumption upgrading? - Evidence from China's supply and demand restructuring","authors":"Fengyu Qi , Panpan Zhang , Maomao Zhang , Dong Guo","doi":"10.1016/j.habitatint.2025.103679","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.habitatint.2025.103679","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Digital transformation (DIGT) can not only overcome multiple communication barriers in delivering goods and services, but also foster the emergence of new consumption patterns and better cater to residents' diverse preferences, thereby promoting efficient supply–demand matching. By integrating enterprise-level panel data from Shanghai and Shenzhen A-share listed enterprises with regional data across 30 Chinese provinces (municipalities) from 2013 to 2022, we investigate the impact and underlying mechanisms through which DIGT drives residents’ consumption upgrading (CONUPG). We find that DIGT can promote CONUPG, with a progressively increasing trend that shifts from western to eastern regions relative to the Hu-Huanyong Line. Heterogeneity analysis finds that the DIGT of large-scale and non-SOE enterprises promotes CONUPG, and the effect of DIGT on CONUPG is more pronounced in the eastern region. Mechanism analysis demonstrates that on the demand side, DIGT facilitates CONUPG by enhancing payment convenience and alleviating liquidity constraints. On the supply side, total factor productivity and commodity circulation efficiency serve as key transmission channels. Furthermore, the effect of DIGT on CONUPG via wholesale efficiency improvement is more substantial than that through retail efficiency. Besides, product quality significantly amplifies the positive impact of DIGT on CONUPG. Further analysis reveals that DIGT, influenced by digital transformation speed, promotes CONUPG only when it reaches a moderate level. Additionally, DIGT has a positive spatial spillover effect on CONUPG. These findings provide a solid theoretical foundation for advancing supply–demand structure adjustments to facilitate CONUPG.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48376,"journal":{"name":"Habitat International","volume":"168 ","pages":"Article 103679"},"PeriodicalIF":7.0,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145685111","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-02-01Epub Date: 2026-01-06DOI: 10.1016/j.habitatint.2025.103702
Baohui Chai
Understanding the long-term spatiotemporal dynamics of urbanization and its relationship with surface water changes is essential for sustainable urban planning and water resource management. This study integrated historical maps and dense Landsat imagery time series to examine the changes and interactions between urban land and surface water in Shanghai over the past 90 years (1927–2017). Through the long-term reconstruction of urban land and surface water time series, as well as multi-perspective spatiotemporal analysis, the research questions addressed in this study were: (1) To what extent have urban land and surface water bodies in Shanghai changed over the past 90 years? (2) What are the spatiotemporal patterns and trends in these changes? Surface water was extracted from 1927 to 1965 maps using Support Vector Machine (SVM) and image morphology, while urban land was identified through SVM and image segmentation. For the remote sensing era, all available Landsat data up to 2017 were processed using the Continuous Change Detection and Classification algorithm (CCDC), with annual water extents refined through water index clustering. Spatiotemporal analyses characterized the dynamics of the urban-water relationship, focusing on urban changes, water changes, and transitions between the two. Results revealed a significant decline in surface water during early urban expansion, followed by a subsequent increase in the recent decade. Additionally, the contribution of water-to-urban transitions to urban development diminished over time. This study demonstrates the value of integrating multi-source data and spatiotemporal analysis for reconstructing long-term urban and water changes, providing critical insights into their evolving relationship.
了解城市化的长期时空动态及其与地表水变化的关系对可持续城市规划和水资源管理至关重要。本研究结合历史地图和密集Landsat影像时间序列，考察了近90年来（1927-2017）上海城市土地与地表水的变化及其相互作用。通过对城市土地和地表水时间序列的长期重建，以及多视角的时空分析，本文研究的问题是：(1)近90年来上海城市土地和地表水发生了何种程度的变化？(2)这些变化的时空格局和趋势是什么？利用支持向量机（SVM）和图像形态学对1927 ~ 1965年的地表水进行提取，同时利用支持向量机（SVM）和图像分割对城市土地进行识别。在遥感时代，使用CCDC （Continuous Change Detection and Classification）算法对2017年之前所有可用的Landsat数据进行处理，并通过水指数聚类对年度水范围进行细化。时空分析揭示了城市-水关系的动态特征，重点关注城市变化、水变化以及两者之间的过渡。结果表明，城市扩张初期地表水显著减少，近10年地表水增加。此外，水到城市的转变对城市发展的贡献随着时间的推移而减少。该研究展示了整合多源数据和时空分析对重建长期城市和水资源变化的价值，为了解它们的演变关系提供了重要见解。
{"title":"Long-term spatiotemporal dynamics of urban land and surface water bodies in Shanghai over the past 90 years using old maps and dense Landsat time series","authors":"Baohui Chai","doi":"10.1016/j.habitatint.2025.103702","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.habitatint.2025.103702","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Understanding the long-term spatiotemporal dynamics of urbanization and its relationship with surface water changes is essential for sustainable urban planning and water resource management. This study integrated historical maps and dense Landsat imagery time series to examine the changes and interactions between urban land and surface water in Shanghai over the past 90 years (1927–2017). Through the long-term reconstruction of urban land and surface water time series, as well as multi-perspective spatiotemporal analysis, the research questions addressed in this study were: (1) To what extent have urban land and surface water bodies in Shanghai changed over the past 90 years? (2) What are the spatiotemporal patterns and trends in these changes? Surface water was extracted from 1927 to 1965 maps using Support Vector Machine (SVM) and image morphology, while urban land was identified through SVM and image segmentation. For the remote sensing era, all available Landsat data up to 2017 were processed using the Continuous Change Detection and Classification algorithm (CCDC), with annual water extents refined through water index clustering. Spatiotemporal analyses characterized the dynamics of the urban-water relationship, focusing on urban changes, water changes, and transitions between the two. Results revealed a significant decline in surface water during early urban expansion, followed by a subsequent increase in the recent decade. Additionally, the contribution of water-to-urban transitions to urban development diminished over time. This study demonstrates the value of integrating multi-source data and spatiotemporal analysis for reconstructing long-term urban and water changes, providing critical insights into their evolving relationship.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48376,"journal":{"name":"Habitat International","volume":"168 ","pages":"Article 103702"},"PeriodicalIF":7.0,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145925447","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-02-01Epub Date: 2025-12-31DOI: 10.1016/j.habitatint.2025.103700
Ngo Kien Thinh , Hesam Kamalipour , Nastaran Peimani
In the Global South, the visibility and image of informal settlements in urban design, planning, and policy discourse have gained increasing attention in recent years, particularly in relation to the politics of upgrading. Informal settlements are often characterised by small grain size and self-built constructions. While these settlements house millions of inhabitants, they are hardly recognised in long-term urban development. This paper explores the visibility of informal settlements through extensive urban mapping across multiple case studies in the Global South. The analytical framework deployed in this study focuses on how, and to what extent, informal settlements are visible or invisible in relation to new town developments. This framework is then applied to mapping, revealing the dynamics of visibility across the selected case studies in Kunming (China), Abuja (Nigeria), and Jakarta (Indonesia). The study indicates that each case study involves certain patterns of visibility. In particular, different types of visibility are observed in the case study of Kunming. The settlement in Abuja appears largely exposed to clear view from public spaces, while in Jakarta the predominant type of visibility involves blocked and obstructed views. The findings of this article contribute to the growing body of knowledge on the visibility of informal urbanism under the influence of rapid urbanisation.
{"title":"The image of informal settlements: A visibility mapping in the Global South","authors":"Ngo Kien Thinh , Hesam Kamalipour , Nastaran Peimani","doi":"10.1016/j.habitatint.2025.103700","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.habitatint.2025.103700","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In the Global South, the visibility and image of informal settlements in urban design, planning, and policy discourse have gained increasing attention in recent years, particularly in relation to the politics of upgrading. Informal settlements are often characterised by small grain size and self-built constructions. While these settlements house millions of inhabitants, they are hardly recognised in long-term urban development. This paper explores the visibility of informal settlements through extensive urban mapping across multiple case studies in the Global South. The analytical framework deployed in this study focuses on how, and to what extent, informal settlements are visible or invisible in relation to new town developments. This framework is then applied to mapping, revealing the dynamics of visibility across the selected case studies in Kunming (China), Abuja (Nigeria), and Jakarta (Indonesia). The study indicates that each case study involves certain patterns of visibility. In particular, different types of visibility are observed in the case study of Kunming. The settlement in Abuja appears largely exposed to clear view from public spaces, while in Jakarta the predominant type of visibility involves blocked and obstructed views. The findings of this article contribute to the growing body of knowledge on the visibility of informal urbanism under the influence of rapid urbanisation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48376,"journal":{"name":"Habitat International","volume":"168 ","pages":"Article 103700"},"PeriodicalIF":7.0,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145884155","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-01Epub Date: 2025-11-01DOI: 10.1016/j.habitatint.2025.103623
Pei Huang , Junwei Pu , Xiaoqing Zhao , Zexian Gu , Yuju Ran , Beihao Wu , Xuan li , Guoxun Qu , Bocheng Chu
Alleviating the conflict between the supply and demand of ecosystem services (SDES) to improve the SDES balance state from a land use perspective is crucial for ecosystem management and regional sustainable development. However, integrating the SDES relationship into land use optimization frameworks is a significant technical challenge. In this study, we proposed a novel framework for multi-scenario land use optimization under the SDES conflict tradeoff, with empirical findings revealing the following: (1) The framework developed a SDES conflict tradeoff method and was applied to the land use optimization process, which effectively improved the SDES balance state. (2) Lancang County presented SDES surplus and deficit at the integral level and was dominated by habitat quality conflict and habitat quality-water conservation conflict. (3) The land use optimization results under the SDES conflict tradeoff changed significantly, with the largest increase in evergreen broad-leaved forest in the ecological protection scenario and the fastest tea expansion in the social-economic development scenario and comprehensive development scenario. (4) Compared to the scenario without considering conflict tradeoff, the optimization results of the land use spatial pattern under SDES conflict tradeoff effectively alleviated SDES conflict and improved the SDES balance state. This study provides new perspectives for alleviating SDES conflicts, harmonizing ecological protection and socio-economic development, and offers decision-making for sustainable ecosystem management and territorial spatial planning.
{"title":"Integrating supply-demand conflict tradeoff of ecosystem services into multi-scenario land use optimization","authors":"Pei Huang , Junwei Pu , Xiaoqing Zhao , Zexian Gu , Yuju Ran , Beihao Wu , Xuan li , Guoxun Qu , Bocheng Chu","doi":"10.1016/j.habitatint.2025.103623","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.habitatint.2025.103623","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Alleviating the conflict between the supply and demand of ecosystem services (SDES) to improve the SDES balance state from a land use perspective is crucial for ecosystem management and regional sustainable development. However, integrating the SDES relationship into land use optimization frameworks is a significant technical challenge. In this study, we proposed a novel framework for multi-scenario land use optimization under the SDES conflict tradeoff, with empirical findings revealing the following: (1) The framework developed a SDES conflict tradeoff method and was applied to the land use optimization process, which effectively improved the SDES balance state. (2) Lancang County presented SDES surplus and deficit at the integral level and was dominated by habitat quality conflict and habitat quality-water conservation conflict. (3) The land use optimization results under the SDES conflict tradeoff changed significantly, with the largest increase in evergreen broad-leaved forest in the ecological protection scenario and the fastest tea expansion in the social-economic development scenario and comprehensive development scenario. (4) Compared to the scenario without considering conflict tradeoff, the optimization results of the land use spatial pattern under SDES conflict tradeoff effectively alleviated SDES conflict and improved the SDES balance state. This study provides new perspectives for alleviating SDES conflicts, harmonizing ecological protection and socio-economic development, and offers decision-making for sustainable ecosystem management and territorial spatial planning.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48376,"journal":{"name":"Habitat International","volume":"167 ","pages":"Article 103623"},"PeriodicalIF":7.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145467618","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-01Epub Date: 2025-11-01DOI: 10.1016/j.habitatint.2025.103655
Shuangqing Sheng , Wei Song
The reduction of high-quality cropland poses a more severe threat to food security (FS) than that of ordinary cropland. However, large-scale quantitative assessments of the impact of urban expansion on high-quality cropland is insufficient. This study introduces the concept of “consumption preference,” defined as the propensity of urban land to preferentially occupy high-quality cropland during expansion, and develops a county-level indicator of high-quality cropland consumption (IHC) preference to systematically analyze trends in urban land occupation from 1980 to 2050 and project future scenarios. The main findings are as follows: (1) Between 1980 and 2020, China's high-quality cropland declined by 11.56 %, with its proportion decreasing from 58.01 % to 50.97 %, whereas the total cropland area remained generally stable (increasing by 0.65 %) but exhibited a substitution pattern whereby low-quality cropland compensated for high-quality losses. (2) The proportion of counties with considerable IHC increased by 30.03 % from 1980 to 2010, then declined by 3.13 % from 2010 to 2020. Spatially, the central region exhibited the highest proportion (49.61 %), whereas the Northeast had the lowest (19.24 %). (3) Scenario simulations indicate that by 2035, cropland area is projected to increase by 0.54 %, 20.00 %, 20.00 %, and 21.32 % under the Business-as-Usual (BAU), Economic Development (ED), Ecological Protection (EP), and FS scenarios, respectively; by 2050, the increases will reach 1.22 %, 39.74 %, 31.21 %, and 36.42 %, respectively. (4) From 2035 to 2050, the proportion of counties with considerable IHC shows a declining trend across all scenarios, with average annual decreases of 3.82 % and 1.01 % (BAU), 1.14 % and 0.61 % (ED), 1.79 % and 2.17 % (EP), and 1.07 % and 0.93 % (FS). Overall, although the trend of preferential occupation of high-quality cropland by urban land is gradually moderating, the Northeast region continues to experience substantial risks under all scenarios, highlighting the urgency of region-specific protection strategies.
{"title":"Preferential encroachment of high-quality cropland by urban expansion across China: Past trends and future projections","authors":"Shuangqing Sheng , Wei Song","doi":"10.1016/j.habitatint.2025.103655","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.habitatint.2025.103655","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The reduction of high-quality cropland poses a more severe threat to food security (FS) than that of ordinary cropland. However, large-scale quantitative assessments of the impact of urban expansion on high-quality cropland is insufficient. This study introduces the concept of “consumption preference,” defined as the propensity of urban land to preferentially occupy high-quality cropland during expansion, and develops a county-level indicator of high-quality cropland consumption (IHC) preference to systematically analyze trends in urban land occupation from 1980 to 2050 and project future scenarios. The main findings are as follows: (1) Between 1980 and 2020, China's high-quality cropland declined by 11.56 %, with its proportion decreasing from 58.01 % to 50.97 %, whereas the total cropland area remained generally stable (increasing by 0.65 %) but exhibited a substitution pattern whereby low-quality cropland compensated for high-quality losses. (2) The proportion of counties with considerable IHC increased by 30.03 % from 1980 to 2010, then declined by 3.13 % from 2010 to 2020. Spatially, the central region exhibited the highest proportion (49.61 %), whereas the Northeast had the lowest (19.24 %). (3) Scenario simulations indicate that by 2035, cropland area is projected to increase by 0.54 %, 20.00 %, 20.00 %, and 21.32 % under the Business-as-Usual (BAU), Economic Development (ED), Ecological Protection (EP), and FS scenarios, respectively; by 2050, the increases will reach 1.22 %, 39.74 %, 31.21 %, and 36.42 %, respectively. (4) From 2035 to 2050, the proportion of counties with considerable IHC shows a declining trend across all scenarios, with average annual decreases of 3.82 % and 1.01 % (BAU), 1.14 % and 0.61 % (ED), 1.79 % and 2.17 % (EP), and 1.07 % and 0.93 % (FS). Overall, although the trend of preferential occupation of high-quality cropland by urban land is gradually moderating, the Northeast region continues to experience substantial risks under all scenarios, highlighting the urgency of region-specific protection strategies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48376,"journal":{"name":"Habitat International","volume":"167 ","pages":"Article 103655"},"PeriodicalIF":7.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145467622","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-01Epub Date: 2025-11-14DOI: 10.1016/j.habitatint.2025.103663
Xinyu Wang , Ying Long
Urban Vacant Land (UVL) is both a resource and a challenge for sustainable urban development. However, large-scale UVL identification remains understudied. This study addresses this gap by proposing an innovative automated UVL identification method utilizing the cutting-edge Segment Anything Model (SAM), applied across all 2446 Natural Cities (NCs) in China. Our findings reveal several distribution patterns. First, the UVL ratio, which refers to the proportion of the UVL area in each NC, follows a log-normal distribution and remains independent of city size. Second, the UVL area adheres to Zipf's law and scaling law, where larger cities tend to have larger UVL areas. Third, we identify five distinct UVL spatial types based on intra-city distribution patterns. In large cities, UVL tends to cluster to form local types, while in smaller cities, they are more dispersed, forming central, peripheral, and scatter types. Forth, regional analysis reveals significant spatial heterogeneity in UVL types across China. Global and peripheral types require special attention, as they present unique challenges due to high UVL ratios and larger average UVL sizes. This study not only advances the methodological framework for UVL identification and providing a comprehensive UVL dataset for China, but also delivers actionable insights for sustainable urban development through the application of AI technology.
{"title":"Urban vacant land identification and its distribution rules of China's urban system based on fast segment anything model","authors":"Xinyu Wang , Ying Long","doi":"10.1016/j.habitatint.2025.103663","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.habitatint.2025.103663","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Urban Vacant Land (UVL) is both a resource and a challenge for sustainable urban development. However, large-scale UVL identification remains understudied. This study addresses this gap by proposing an innovative automated UVL identification method utilizing the cutting-edge Segment Anything Model (SAM), applied across all 2446 Natural Cities (NCs) in China. Our findings reveal several distribution patterns. First, the UVL ratio, which refers to the proportion of the UVL area in each NC, follows a log-normal distribution and remains independent of city size. Second, the UVL area adheres to Zipf's law and scaling law, where larger cities tend to have larger UVL areas. Third, we identify five distinct UVL spatial types based on intra-city distribution patterns. In large cities, UVL tends to cluster to form local types, while in smaller cities, they are more dispersed, forming central, peripheral, and scatter types. Forth, regional analysis reveals significant spatial heterogeneity in UVL types across China. Global and peripheral types require special attention, as they present unique challenges due to high UVL ratios and larger average UVL sizes. This study not only advances the methodological framework for UVL identification and providing a comprehensive UVL dataset for China, but also delivers actionable insights for sustainable urban development through the application of AI technology.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48376,"journal":{"name":"Habitat International","volume":"167 ","pages":"Article 103663"},"PeriodicalIF":7.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145520770","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The policy of ex situ poverty alleviation and relocation (PAR) effectively achieves socioecological sustainable development goals. However, crossregional socioecological system (SES) interactions and their spatial heterogeneity remain insufficiently explored, potentially constraining constrain the efficacy of subsequent support policies for migrant relocation. Based on the continuous monitoring data, this study constructs an evaluation index system of social adaptability (SA) using four dimensions, namely, economy, livelihood, psychology and development ability. This study applied the methods of ecosystem health (EH) index, coupling coordination degree, and generalized additive model and introduced the telecoupling theory of SES to construct an analysis framework connecting the EH of the migrant outflow sites (MOS) and the SA of the migrant inflow sites (MIS). Results revealed that the SA improved significantly from 2019 to 2022, increaseing by 7.22 % and 15.93 % in 2021 and 2022, respectively. The EH decreased initially and then increased suddenly before stabilizing. Moreover, 18.75 % of the emigration counties continued to increase spatially. Microanalysis revealed the contribution process of PAR to EH. The telecoupling of SA and EH demonstrated a synergistic developmental trend, and spatial distance was found to affect this relationship through complex nonlinear characteristics. Our research deliver insights facilitating the consolidating of the outcomes of ex situ PAR and provide practical support for efforts to reduce global poverty reduction and ensure the coordinated development of cross-regional SES.
{"title":"Policy for poverty alleviation and relocation promotes synergistic development of the cross-regional social-ecological system: A case study of Guizhou, China","authors":"Fang Tang , Zhongfa Zhou , Yangbing Li , Yating Jing","doi":"10.1016/j.habitatint.2025.103666","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.habitatint.2025.103666","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The policy of ex situ poverty alleviation and relocation (PAR) effectively achieves socioecological sustainable development goals. However, crossregional socioecological system (SES) interactions and their spatial heterogeneity remain insufficiently explored, potentially constraining constrain the efficacy of subsequent support policies for migrant relocation. Based on the continuous monitoring data, this study constructs an evaluation index system of social adaptability (SA) using four dimensions, namely, economy, livelihood, psychology and development ability. This study applied the methods of ecosystem health (EH) index, coupling coordination degree, and generalized additive model and introduced the telecoupling theory of SES to construct an analysis framework connecting the EH of the migrant outflow sites (MOS) and the SA of the migrant inflow sites (MIS). Results revealed that the SA improved significantly from 2019 to 2022, increaseing by 7.22 % and 15.93 % in 2021 and 2022, respectively. The EH decreased initially and then increased suddenly before stabilizing. Moreover, 18.75 % of the emigration counties continued to increase spatially. Microanalysis revealed the contribution process of PAR to EH. The telecoupling of SA and EH demonstrated a synergistic developmental trend, and spatial distance was found to affect this relationship through complex nonlinear characteristics. Our research deliver insights facilitating the consolidating of the outcomes of ex situ PAR and provide practical support for efforts to reduce global poverty reduction and ensure the coordinated development of cross-regional SES.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48376,"journal":{"name":"Habitat International","volume":"167 ","pages":"Article 103666"},"PeriodicalIF":7.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145520768","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-01Epub Date: 2025-11-08DOI: 10.1016/j.habitatint.2025.103653
Chaoqing Chai , Huadong Zhu , Haoyang Wang , Hui Zhang , Ronghao Wen , Yuanyuan Li , Peixue Xing , Wenhao Niu , Zhenhao Liu , Licheng Liu , Xiangbin Kong , Bangbang Zhang
Farmland fragmentation and green productivity are pivotal challenges in global agriculture, especially in ecologically fragile river basins where farming is crucial and the environment is precarious. Yet, the intensity and pathway through which county-level fragmentation undermine green productivity remain largely unexplored. This study examines 447 counties in the Yellow River basin using the CNLUCC dataset to calculate farmland fragmentation index (FFI). Utilizing panel data from 2000, 2005, 2010, 2015, and 2020, we develop an assessment framework of farmland green productivity (FGP), which is estimated using a super-efficiency SBM model. Based on the “quantity-spatial” scale effects and Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC) theory, this study develops a theoretical model of FFI's impact on FGP and conducts a comparative statics and green elasticity analysis. Furthermore, fixed effects, instrumental variable (IV), mediation, and moderation models are applied to empirically dissect the impact and underlying mechanism of FFI on FGP, complemented by heterogeneity analysis. Our results reveal that: (1) FFI exerts a significant negative influence on FGP, a finding that holds robust across various tests and remains consistent even when road network is used as an IV to address endogeneity. Specifically, a one-unit increase in FFI corresponds to a 0.438-unit decline in FGP, equivalent to a 69 % decrease; (2) the adverse impact of fragmentation on FGP varies markedly across location, topography, development statuses, and fragmentation intensity. In particular, rugged topography exacerbates the negative effect, especially in mountainous areas, while under high grain cropping structures, fragmentation more strongly suppresses FGP in plains by impeding mechanization and resource consolidation; (3) mechanism analysis indicates that FFI diminishes FGP primarily by shifts toward non-grain cropping structures, curtailing mechanization intensity, and escalating agrochemical inputs. Additionally, larger farm size serves to buffer the negative impacts of fragmentation. Furthermore, fragmentation delays the arrival of the EKC turning point. In light of these findings, policy measures should prioritize farmland consolidation, the optimization of cropping structures, the adoption of green technologies, and the expansion of farm size to foster agricultural sustainable intensification and mitigate the deleterious effects of fragmentation on green productivity.
{"title":"Assessing the impact of farmland fragmentation on green productivity in Yellow River Basin: A “quantity-spatial” scale effects perspective and EKC hypothesis test","authors":"Chaoqing Chai , Huadong Zhu , Haoyang Wang , Hui Zhang , Ronghao Wen , Yuanyuan Li , Peixue Xing , Wenhao Niu , Zhenhao Liu , Licheng Liu , Xiangbin Kong , Bangbang Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.habitatint.2025.103653","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.habitatint.2025.103653","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Farmland fragmentation and green productivity are pivotal challenges in global agriculture, especially in ecologically fragile river basins where farming is crucial and the environment is precarious. Yet, the intensity and pathway through which county-level fragmentation undermine green productivity remain largely unexplored. This study examines 447 counties in the Yellow River basin using the CNLUCC dataset to calculate farmland fragmentation index (FFI). Utilizing panel data from 2000, 2005, 2010, 2015, and 2020, we develop an assessment framework of farmland green productivity (FGP), which is estimated using a super-efficiency SBM model. Based on the “quantity-spatial” scale effects and Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC) theory, this study develops a theoretical model of FFI's impact on FGP and conducts a comparative statics and green elasticity analysis. Furthermore, fixed effects, instrumental variable (IV), mediation, and moderation models are applied to empirically dissect the impact and underlying mechanism of FFI on FGP, complemented by heterogeneity analysis. Our results reveal that: (1) FFI exerts a significant negative influence on FGP, a finding that holds robust across various tests and remains consistent even when road network is used as an IV to address endogeneity. Specifically, a one-unit increase in FFI corresponds to a 0.438-unit decline in FGP, equivalent to a 69 % decrease; (2) the adverse impact of fragmentation on FGP varies markedly across location, topography, development statuses, and fragmentation intensity. In particular, rugged topography exacerbates the negative effect, especially in mountainous areas, while under high grain cropping structures, fragmentation more strongly suppresses FGP in plains by impeding mechanization and resource consolidation; (3) mechanism analysis indicates that FFI diminishes FGP primarily by shifts toward non-grain cropping structures, curtailing mechanization intensity, and escalating agrochemical inputs. Additionally, larger farm size serves to buffer the negative impacts of fragmentation. Furthermore, fragmentation delays the arrival of the EKC turning point. In light of these findings, policy measures should prioritize farmland consolidation, the optimization of cropping structures, the adoption of green technologies, and the expansion of farm size to foster agricultural sustainable intensification and mitigate the deleterious effects of fragmentation on green productivity.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48376,"journal":{"name":"Habitat International","volume":"167 ","pages":"Article 103653"},"PeriodicalIF":7.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145467751","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-01Epub Date: 2025-10-21DOI: 10.1016/j.habitatint.2025.103613
Yongchao Zhang , Hans Westlund
Land system reform is a central component of the structural-economic transformation of rural China. The activation of rural land factors is consistent with urban and rural integration, which requires a balance between factors of land, labor and capital.
Method
We develop a theoretical framework of urban-rural factors that incorporates three components: land, labor and capital and estimate the effects of rural homestead transfer (RHT) by comparing three cases of different practices at different rural homestead transfer cases.
Results
In the first case, results suggest that rural labor can only choose emigration due to non-existing local industries. In the second case, the off-site replacement was successful with the optimal allocation and reorganization of land and industries. Nevertheless, the improvement of household living standard and comprehensive rural revitalization was insufficient. In the third case, the reform has achieved local industrialization and urbanization at “low level”. The land factor and the labor force were well integrated, resulting in return migration and livelihood diversification forms.
Conclusions
the activation of land factors, return migrations of the rural labor and industrialization are critical factors for rural economic development. The promotion of coordinated development of these factors can positively affect household living standards and rural revitalization. This highlights the importance of place-oriented development strategies for comprehensive rural revitalization through the reform process.
{"title":"Urban-rural integration in China: The role of the rural homestead transfer in different rural areas","authors":"Yongchao Zhang , Hans Westlund","doi":"10.1016/j.habitatint.2025.103613","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.habitatint.2025.103613","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Land system reform is a central component of the structural-economic transformation of rural China. The activation of rural land factors is consistent with urban and rural integration, which requires a balance between factors of land, labor and capital.</div></div><div><h3>Method</h3><div>We develop a theoretical framework of urban-rural factors that incorporates three components: land, labor and capital and estimate the effects of rural homestead transfer (RHT) by comparing three cases of different practices at different rural homestead transfer cases.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>In the first case, results suggest that rural labor can only choose emigration due to non-existing local industries. In the second case, the off-site replacement was successful with the optimal allocation and reorganization of land and industries. Nevertheless, the improvement of household living standard and comprehensive rural revitalization was insufficient. In the third case, the reform has achieved local industrialization and urbanization at “low level”. The land factor and the labor force were well integrated, resulting in return migration and livelihood diversification forms.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>the activation of land factors, return migrations of the rural labor and industrialization are critical factors for rural economic development. The promotion of coordinated development of these factors can positively affect household living standards and rural revitalization. This highlights the importance of place-oriented development strategies for comprehensive rural revitalization through the reform process.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48376,"journal":{"name":"Habitat International","volume":"167 ","pages":"Article 103613"},"PeriodicalIF":7.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145327310","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-01Epub Date: 2025-11-01DOI: 10.1016/j.habitatint.2025.103629
Xiaochang Liu , Linghua Zhu , Ziqi Wang , Xiuning Zhang , Xueliang Zhang , Zeyin Chen , Renlu Qiao
Among the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals, Goal 11.7 underscores the importance of universal access to urban green infrastructures (UGIs), reaffirming their pivotal role in the urban housing context. However, the impacts of multidimensional UGIs on the housing market, exhibiting nonlinearity and spatial heterogeneity, remain insufficiently unveiled. Taking Shanghai as a testbed, this study measures proximity to various UGIs' typologies and investigates their effects on property values from a hedonic perspective. After comparing multiple models, a Light Gradient Boosting Machine (LightGBM) performs best. The model interpreted by SHapley Additive exPlanations indicates that locational and structural factors dominate hedonic pricing, yet UGIs account for 9.50 % of the overall relative importance, highlighting a salient and independent contribution. Among UGIs' typologies, city parks, waterbodies, and nature reserves demonstrate favorable effects. Furthermore, households attach more value to medium-scale community parks than both larger-scale district parks and smaller-scale pocket parks. Critically, the spatially heterogeneous nonlinear impacts on the housing prices are identified. Natural reserves exert long-distance effects, especially in sprawling suburbs. Waterbodies function as amenities in the centre, yet can be nuisances in the suburbs. Notably, the central city derives disproportionate values from neighbourhood parks, pocket parks, historical landscapes, forests, sports fields, and street trees within the stress thresholds, yet experiences localized depreciation from park-adjacent detriments. New cities and suburbs show muted premiums for district and neighbourhood parks. These insights provide valuable evidence for landscape and urban planning, land use zoning, and municipal investments, advancing housing market and urban sustainability through more targeted UGIs’ strategies.
{"title":"The effects of urban green infrastructures on the housing market","authors":"Xiaochang Liu , Linghua Zhu , Ziqi Wang , Xiuning Zhang , Xueliang Zhang , Zeyin Chen , Renlu Qiao","doi":"10.1016/j.habitatint.2025.103629","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.habitatint.2025.103629","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Among the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals, Goal 11.7 underscores the importance of universal access to urban green infrastructures (UGIs), reaffirming their pivotal role in the urban housing context. However, the impacts of multidimensional UGIs on the housing market, exhibiting nonlinearity and spatial heterogeneity, remain insufficiently unveiled. Taking Shanghai as a testbed, this study measures proximity to various UGIs' typologies and investigates their effects on property values from a hedonic perspective. After comparing multiple models, a Light Gradient Boosting Machine (LightGBM) performs best. The model interpreted by SHapley Additive exPlanations indicates that locational and structural factors dominate hedonic pricing, yet UGIs account for 9.50 % of the overall relative importance, highlighting a salient and independent contribution. Among UGIs' typologies, city parks, waterbodies, and nature reserves demonstrate favorable effects. Furthermore, households attach more value to medium-scale community parks than both larger-scale district parks and smaller-scale pocket parks. Critically, the spatially heterogeneous nonlinear impacts on the housing prices are identified. Natural reserves exert long-distance effects, especially in sprawling suburbs. Waterbodies function as amenities in the centre, yet can be nuisances in the suburbs. Notably, the central city derives disproportionate values from neighbourhood parks, pocket parks, historical landscapes, forests, sports fields, and street trees within the stress thresholds, yet experiences localized depreciation from park-adjacent detriments. New cities and suburbs show muted premiums for district and neighbourhood parks. These insights provide valuable evidence for landscape and urban planning, land use zoning, and municipal investments, advancing housing market and urban sustainability through more targeted UGIs’ strategies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48376,"journal":{"name":"Habitat International","volume":"167 ","pages":"Article 103629"},"PeriodicalIF":7.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145419345","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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