In the increasingly complex VUCA global environment, supply chain disruptions are becoming more frequent, making the enhancement of supply chain resilience a critical issue for both academia and practice. Grounded in the task-technology fit (TTF) theory and the fit-based perspective, this study empirically examines the impact of key core technology innovations on supply chain resilience, using a sample of 372 Chinese A-share listed companies from three industries over the period 2012–2023. This study explores the complementing fit and balancing fit mechanisms between key core technology innovations and digital technology applications, while also examining the mediating role of supply base concentration. The results indicate that: (1) Key core technology innovations have a significant positive impact on supply chain resilience. (2) The complementing fit shows that the digital technology application depth significantly strengthens the relationship between key core technology innovations and supply chain resilience, while the application breadth does not exhibit a significant moderating effect. (3) The balancing fit demonstrates a nonlinear impact: high balance maximizes resilience, early-stage imbalance can have compensatory effects, and severe imbalance weakens resilience. The negative impact of the “low key core technology innovations - high digital technology applications” combination is notable. (4) Supply base concentration mediates the relationship between the two fits and resilience, and fits help manage risks associated with high concentration. This study challenges the traditional “efficiency-resilience” paradox, extends TTF theory at the strategic level, and provides insights for firms seeking to build highly resilient supply chains through technological synergy.
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