Colin D. Freilich, K. Markon, Steve W. Cole, Robert F. Krueger
Having associations with a range of adverse physical health outcomes including mortality, loneliness is increasingly recognized as a pressing public health concern, but the mechanisms studied to date do not yet explain all loneliness-related health risk. We sought to evaluate whether epigenetic influences on DNA methylation could help explain the relationship between loneliness and health. To do so, we first estimated associations between loneliness and epigenetic age acceleration (EAA) in a subsample of participants in the study of midlife in the United States (n = 1,310), before testing whether EAA mediated and/or moderated the association between loneliness and the onset of chronic health conditions in older adulthood (n = 445 completing longitudinal follow-ups). Greater loneliness was weakly associated with greater EAA in the Horvath, DunedinPACE, and GrimAge measures after accounting for demographic (0.08 ≤ β ≤ 0.11) and behavioral (0.06 ≤ β ≤ 0.08) covariates. Loneliness also predicted increases in chronic condition counts and these effects were more pronounced for individuals with higher DunedinPACE EAA values (interaction term β = 0.09, p = .009), suggesting possible synergistic impacts. EAA measures appear to be promising in helping to understand individual variations in the health impacts of loneliness, but the specific mechanisms involved require further research. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).
{"title":"Loneliness, epigenetic age acceleration, and chronic health conditions.","authors":"Colin D. Freilich, K. Markon, Steve W. Cole, Robert F. Krueger","doi":"10.1037/pag0000822","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1037/pag0000822","url":null,"abstract":"Having associations with a range of adverse physical health outcomes including mortality, loneliness is increasingly recognized as a pressing public health concern, but the mechanisms studied to date do not yet explain all loneliness-related health risk. We sought to evaluate whether epigenetic influences on DNA methylation could help explain the relationship between loneliness and health. To do so, we first estimated associations between loneliness and epigenetic age acceleration (EAA) in a subsample of participants in the study of midlife in the United States (n = 1,310), before testing whether EAA mediated and/or moderated the association between loneliness and the onset of chronic health conditions in older adulthood (n = 445 completing longitudinal follow-ups). Greater loneliness was weakly associated with greater EAA in the Horvath, DunedinPACE, and GrimAge measures after accounting for demographic (0.08 ≤ β ≤ 0.11) and behavioral (0.06 ≤ β ≤ 0.08) covariates. Loneliness also predicted increases in chronic condition counts and these effects were more pronounced for individuals with higher DunedinPACE EAA values (interaction term β = 0.09, p = .009), suggesting possible synergistic impacts. EAA measures appear to be promising in helping to understand individual variations in the health impacts of loneliness, but the specific mechanisms involved require further research. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).","PeriodicalId":48426,"journal":{"name":"Psychology and Aging","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140686458","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The belief that aging-related cognitive decline is inevitable is associated with impaired cognitive performance of older adults. Little is, however, known about the association between changes in essentialist beliefs about cognitive aging and mental health in the long term and among both younger and older adults. From a theoretical perspective, it would be expected that changes in essentialist beliefs about cognitive aging predict changes in mental health among older adults compared to younger adults. These differential associations have not yet been prospectively investigated. Using longitudinal data, the association between changes in essentialist beliefs about cognitive aging and mental health outcomes and the moderation effect of age were assessed. Mental health includes well-being and mental illness (depression, anxiety, and panic symptoms). Data from adult participants (n = 4,963 with a mean age of 55.41 years, range 28-84 years) in a U.S. national longitudinal study were analyzed. A series of two-wave latent change score models indicated that changes in essentialist beliefs about cognitive aging are associated with changes in well-being and mental illness. Age did not moderate the relationship between changes in essentialist beliefs about aging and changes in mental health (i.e., mental illness and well-being). The present study highlights change-to-change dynamics between essentialist beliefs about cognitive aging and mental health, regardless of age. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).
认为与衰老相关的认知能力衰退不可避免与老年人认知能力受损有关。然而，对于认知老化本质论信念的变化与心理健康之间的长期联系，以及年轻人和老年人之间的联系，人们知之甚少。从理论角度来看，与年轻人相比，认知老化的本质主义信念的变化会预测老年人心理健康的变化。这些不同的关联尚未得到前瞻性研究。本研究利用纵向数据，评估了认知老化的本质主义信念变化与心理健康结果之间的关联以及年龄的调节作用。心理健康包括幸福感和精神疾病（抑郁、焦虑和恐慌症状）。研究分析了一项美国国家纵向研究的成年参与者（n = 4,963 人，平均年龄为 55.41 岁，年龄范围为 28-84 岁）的数据。一系列两波潜在变化得分模型表明，认知老化本质主义信念的变化与幸福感和精神疾病的变化有关。年龄并没有缓和有关衰老的本质主义信念的变化与心理健康变化（即精神疾病和幸福感）之间的关系。本研究强调了认知老化的本质主义信念与心理健康之间的动态变化，与年龄无关。(PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved）。
{"title":"Changes in essentialist beliefs about cognitive aging predicts changes in mental health: Evidence from a 10-year longitudinal study.","authors":"Gabriele Prati","doi":"10.1037/pag0000823","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1037/pag0000823","url":null,"abstract":"The belief that aging-related cognitive decline is inevitable is associated with impaired cognitive performance of older adults. Little is, however, known about the association between changes in essentialist beliefs about cognitive aging and mental health in the long term and among both younger and older adults. From a theoretical perspective, it would be expected that changes in essentialist beliefs about cognitive aging predict changes in mental health among older adults compared to younger adults. These differential associations have not yet been prospectively investigated. Using longitudinal data, the association between changes in essentialist beliefs about cognitive aging and mental health outcomes and the moderation effect of age were assessed. Mental health includes well-being and mental illness (depression, anxiety, and panic symptoms). Data from adult participants (n = 4,963 with a mean age of 55.41 years, range 28-84 years) in a U.S. national longitudinal study were analyzed. A series of two-wave latent change score models indicated that changes in essentialist beliefs about cognitive aging are associated with changes in well-being and mental illness. Age did not moderate the relationship between changes in essentialist beliefs about aging and changes in mental health (i.e., mental illness and well-being). The present study highlights change-to-change dynamics between essentialist beliefs about cognitive aging and mental health, regardless of age. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).","PeriodicalId":48426,"journal":{"name":"Psychology and Aging","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140686699","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Supplemental Material for Loneliness, Epigenetic Age Acceleration, and Chronic Health Conditions","authors":"","doi":"10.1037/pag0000822.supp","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1037/pag0000822.supp","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":48426,"journal":{"name":"Psychology and Aging","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140702748","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Lin Li, Lingshan Bao, Zhuoer Li, Sha Li, Jingyi Liu, Pin Wang, Kayleigh L. Warrington, Sarah C. Gunn, K. Paterson
College-aged readers use efficient strategies to segment and recognize words in naturally unspaced Chinese text. Whether this capability changes across the adult lifespan is unknown, although segmenting words in unspaced text may be challenging for older readers due to visual and cognitive declines in older age, including poorer parafoveal processing of upcoming characters. Accordingly, we conducted two eye movement experiments to test for age differences in word segmentation, each with 48 young (18-30 years) and 36 older (65+ years) native Chinese readers. Following Zhou and Li (2021), we focused on the processing of "incremental" three-character words, like (meaning "kindergartens"), which contain an embedded two-character word (e.g., , meaning "children"). In Experiment 1, either the three-character word or its embedded word was presented as the target word in sentence contexts where the three-character word always was plausible, and the embedded word was either plausible or implausible. Both age groups produced similar plausibility effects, suggesting age constancy in accessing the embedded word early during ambiguity processing before ultimately assigning an incremental word analysis. Experiment 2 provided further evidence that both younger and older readers access the embedded word early during ambiguity processing, but rapidly select the appropriate (incremental) word. Crucially, the findings suggest that word segmentation strategies do not differ with age. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).
{"title":"Efficient word segmentation is preserved in older adult readers: Evidence from eye movements during Chinese reading.","authors":"Lin Li, Lingshan Bao, Zhuoer Li, Sha Li, Jingyi Liu, Pin Wang, Kayleigh L. Warrington, Sarah C. Gunn, K. Paterson","doi":"10.1037/pag0000813","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1037/pag0000813","url":null,"abstract":"College-aged readers use efficient strategies to segment and recognize words in naturally unspaced Chinese text. Whether this capability changes across the adult lifespan is unknown, although segmenting words in unspaced text may be challenging for older readers due to visual and cognitive declines in older age, including poorer parafoveal processing of upcoming characters. Accordingly, we conducted two eye movement experiments to test for age differences in word segmentation, each with 48 young (18-30 years) and 36 older (65+ years) native Chinese readers. Following Zhou and Li (2021), we focused on the processing of \"incremental\" three-character words, like (meaning \"kindergartens\"), which contain an embedded two-character word (e.g., , meaning \"children\"). In Experiment 1, either the three-character word or its embedded word was presented as the target word in sentence contexts where the three-character word always was plausible, and the embedded word was either plausible or implausible. Both age groups produced similar plausibility effects, suggesting age constancy in accessing the embedded word early during ambiguity processing before ultimately assigning an incremental word analysis. Experiment 2 provided further evidence that both younger and older readers access the embedded word early during ambiguity processing, but rapidly select the appropriate (incremental) word. Crucially, the findings suggest that word segmentation strategies do not differ with age. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).","PeriodicalId":48426,"journal":{"name":"Psychology and Aging","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140713398","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mary Kate Koch, Susan Bluck, Sophia Maggiore, Harvey Max Chochinov, Kiana Cogdill-Richardson, Carma Bylund
Considering one's legacy is usual in later life but may be accentuated after receiving a serious and terminal cancer diagnosis. This may be particularly true when timing of the diagnosis is nonnormatively early, evoking the sense of losing future years of life. Acknowledging the severity of one's illness may also promote focus on legacy. We investigated the extent to which older individuals diagnosed with cancer narrated communion (i.e., loving, caring themes) when telling their legacy, including narration of aftermath concerns (i.e., concern for how others will fare after one's death). Communion was assessed in relation to individuals' potential years of life to lose and illness acknowledgment. Participants were a national sample of adults (N = 203; M = 65.80 years; 66% women; 77.94% White; 48.53% college-educated) with serious and terminal cancer receiving outpatient palliative care. They narrated legacies in semistructured interviews and completed measures of illness acknowledgment. We developed a novel construct, potential years of life to lose, calculated as the difference between chronological age and national life expectancy at birth. Coders, trained to high reliability, content-analyzed legacy narratives for communion with follow-up coding for aftermath concerns. Hierarchical regression indicated that for those with more potential years of life to lose, acknowledging the severity of their illness was critical to narrating communion-rich legacies. Similarly, aftermath concerns were common in those with the most years of life to lose who were able to acknowledge the severity of their illness. Findings affirm the psychological richness of individuals' legacies in the second half of life and highlight one way they adaptively respond to the nonnormative timing of serious and terminal cancer. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).
{"title":"Facing off-time mortality: Leaving a legacy.","authors":"Mary Kate Koch, Susan Bluck, Sophia Maggiore, Harvey Max Chochinov, Kiana Cogdill-Richardson, Carma Bylund","doi":"10.1037/pag0000815","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1037/pag0000815","url":null,"abstract":"Considering one's legacy is usual in later life but may be accentuated after receiving a serious and terminal cancer diagnosis. This may be particularly true when timing of the diagnosis is nonnormatively early, evoking the sense of losing future years of life. Acknowledging the severity of one's illness may also promote focus on legacy. We investigated the extent to which older individuals diagnosed with cancer narrated communion (i.e., loving, caring themes) when telling their legacy, including narration of aftermath concerns (i.e., concern for how others will fare after one's death). Communion was assessed in relation to individuals' potential years of life to lose and illness acknowledgment. Participants were a national sample of adults (N = 203; M = 65.80 years; 66% women; 77.94% White; 48.53% college-educated) with serious and terminal cancer receiving outpatient palliative care. They narrated legacies in semistructured interviews and completed measures of illness acknowledgment. We developed a novel construct, potential years of life to lose, calculated as the difference between chronological age and national life expectancy at birth. Coders, trained to high reliability, content-analyzed legacy narratives for communion with follow-up coding for aftermath concerns. Hierarchical regression indicated that for those with more potential years of life to lose, acknowledging the severity of their illness was critical to narrating communion-rich legacies. Similarly, aftermath concerns were common in those with the most years of life to lose who were able to acknowledge the severity of their illness. Findings affirm the psychological richness of individuals' legacies in the second half of life and highlight one way they adaptively respond to the nonnormative timing of serious and terminal cancer. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).","PeriodicalId":48426,"journal":{"name":"Psychology and Aging","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140715072","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Supplemental Material for The Role of Social Interaction Modality for Well-Being in Older Adults","authors":"","doi":"10.1037/pag0000816.supp","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1037/pag0000816.supp","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":48426,"journal":{"name":"Psychology and Aging","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140731550","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Our personality develops over the whole lifespan and in particular when our life circumstances change. Retirement is a life event that brings changes in identity, day structures, and social roles of former workers. Therefore, it may affect personality traits such as the Big Five (neuroticism, extraversion, intellect, conscientiousness, and agreeableness). Previous studies have shown conflicting results concerning the question whether and how retirement is associated with changes in personality traits. Furthermore, there is little knowledge about the role of the job people leave behind when retiring. In the present study, we compared personality development over a 10-year period, based on two waves of a Norwegian survey, between retiring and continuously working blue-collar versus white-collar workers (n = 1,263, Mage = 56.58). Latent change score models showed that neuroticism and openness declined in the sample, but to a comparable degree in all groups. We further found differences in baseline personality traits between blue-collar workers and white-collar workers, as well as between those retiring and not retiring, implying selection into retirement by personality traits. Item level analyses showed declines in some items. We discuss theoretical and methodological implications of our results in light of previous ambiguous findings and emphasize the possible heterogeneity across retirees. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).
我们的人格是在整个生命周期中形成的，尤其是当我们的生活环境发生变化时。退休是一个人生大事，会带来身份、日间结构和前工作者社会角色的变化。因此，退休可能会影响人格特质，如五大人格（神经质、外向性、智力、自觉性和合群性）。关于退休是否以及如何与人格特质的变化相关联这一问题，以往的研究显示了相互矛盾的结果。此外，人们对退休后所从事工作的作用知之甚少。在本研究中，我们根据挪威的两波调查，比较了即将退休的蓝领工人和连续工作的白领工人（n = 1,263, Mage = 56.58）在10年期间的人格发展情况。潜在变化得分模型显示，样本中的神经质和开放性有所下降，但各组的下降程度相当。我们进一步发现，蓝领工人和白领工人之间，以及退休人员和非退休人员之间的基线人格特质存在差异，这意味着人格特质选择了退休。项目层面的分析表明，某些项目出现了下降。鉴于以前的研究结果模棱两可，我们讨论了研究结果的理论和方法论意义，并强调了退休人员之间可能存在的异质性。 (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved)。
{"title":"Personality and 10-year personality development among Norwegians in midlife-Do retirement and job type play a role?","authors":"Georg Henning, G. K. Løset, Oliver Huxhold","doi":"10.1037/pag0000814","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1037/pag0000814","url":null,"abstract":"Our personality develops over the whole lifespan and in particular when our life circumstances change. Retirement is a life event that brings changes in identity, day structures, and social roles of former workers. Therefore, it may affect personality traits such as the Big Five (neuroticism, extraversion, intellect, conscientiousness, and agreeableness). Previous studies have shown conflicting results concerning the question whether and how retirement is associated with changes in personality traits. Furthermore, there is little knowledge about the role of the job people leave behind when retiring. In the present study, we compared personality development over a 10-year period, based on two waves of a Norwegian survey, between retiring and continuously working blue-collar versus white-collar workers (n = 1,263, Mage = 56.58). Latent change score models showed that neuroticism and openness declined in the sample, but to a comparable degree in all groups. We further found differences in baseline personality traits between blue-collar workers and white-collar workers, as well as between those retiring and not retiring, implying selection into retirement by personality traits. Item level analyses showed declines in some items. We discuss theoretical and methodological implications of our results in light of previous ambiguous findings and emphasize the possible heterogeneity across retirees. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).","PeriodicalId":48426,"journal":{"name":"Psychology and Aging","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140741856","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Supplemental Material for Efficient Word Segmentation Is Preserved in Older Adult Readers: Evidence From Eye Movements During Chinese Reading","authors":"","doi":"10.1037/pag0000813.supp","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1037/pag0000813.supp","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":48426,"journal":{"name":"Psychology and Aging","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140746131","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The present study examined trajectories of trait positive and trait negative affect as measured by the Positive and Negative Affect Schedule across the lifespan. Increasing levels of measurement invariance of the Positive and Negative Affect Schedule were tested across a wide age range (18-99 years of age; 10 age groups) in a large sample (N = 3,309; 65.82% women; 74.22% with a university entrance diploma; 92.23% with German as their mother tongue). Strong invariance was established so that the latent factor means of positive and negative affect could be meaningfully compared across age groups. Age had a small effect on positive affect, which showed a reversed U-shaped function with a maximum between the ages of 40 and 50. For negative affect, there was a strong cubic age effect. Specifically, negative affect decreased until about the age of 70 and then increased again. We also found a negative covariance between positive and negative affect, which first increased slightly and then decreased across age groups until becoming positive in the oldest age group. In summary, the present study supports previous findings on age trajectories of positive and negative affect but also highlights the importance of testing for measurement invariance. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).
本研究考察了积极和消极情绪表所测量的特质积极和特质消极情绪在人一生中的轨迹。在一个大样本（样本数=3,309；65.82%为女性；74.22%拥有大学入学文凭；92.23%以德语为母语）中，测试了积极和消极情绪表在较大年龄范围（18-99 岁；10 个年龄组）内的测量不变性。由于建立了较强的不变性，因此可以对不同年龄组的积极情绪和消极情绪的潜在因子均值进行有意义的比较。年龄对积极情绪的影响较小，积极情绪呈反向 U 型函数，最大值出现在 40 至 50 岁之间。对于消极情绪，则存在强烈的立方年龄效应。具体来说，消极情绪在 70 岁之前会下降，之后又会上升。我们还发现，积极情绪和消极情绪之间存在负协方差，在不同年龄组中，积极情绪和消极情绪之间的协方差先是略有上升，然后下降，直到最年长的年龄组才变为积极情绪。总之，本研究支持了之前关于积极情绪和消极情绪的年龄轨迹的研究结果，但也强调了测试测量不变性的重要性。(PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, 版权所有）。
{"title":"Age-related differences in trait affect: Establishing measurement invariance of the Positive and Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS).","authors":"Sophie Hoehne, Daniel Zimprich","doi":"10.1037/pag0000810","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1037/pag0000810","url":null,"abstract":"The present study examined trajectories of trait positive and trait negative affect as measured by the Positive and Negative Affect Schedule across the lifespan. Increasing levels of measurement invariance of the Positive and Negative Affect Schedule were tested across a wide age range (18-99 years of age; 10 age groups) in a large sample (N = 3,309; 65.82% women; 74.22% with a university entrance diploma; 92.23% with German as their mother tongue). Strong invariance was established so that the latent factor means of positive and negative affect could be meaningfully compared across age groups. Age had a small effect on positive affect, which showed a reversed U-shaped function with a maximum between the ages of 40 and 50. For negative affect, there was a strong cubic age effect. Specifically, negative affect decreased until about the age of 70 and then increased again. We also found a negative covariance between positive and negative affect, which first increased slightly and then decreased across age groups until becoming positive in the oldest age group. In summary, the present study supports previous findings on age trajectories of positive and negative affect but also highlights the importance of testing for measurement invariance. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).","PeriodicalId":48426,"journal":{"name":"Psychology and Aging","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140742731","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Supplemental Material for Facing Off-Time Mortality: Leaving a Legacy","authors":"","doi":"10.1037/pag0000815.supp","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1037/pag0000815.supp","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":48426,"journal":{"name":"Psychology and Aging","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140744680","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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