Public Administration Review最新文献

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First impressions: An analysis of professional stereotypes and their impact on sector attraction 第一印象：专业定型观念及其对行业吸引力的影响分析

IF 8.3 1区管理学 Q1 PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION

Public Administration Review

Pub Date : 2024-11-18 DOI: 10.1111/puar.13900

Mette Jakobsen, Fabian Homberg

Public sector professionals are often negatively portrayed with ascriptions such as “ineffective” and “lazy.” Such negative connotations might disadvantage public sector organizations when trying to attract applicants, as it can reflect negatively on individuals' social identities. With this pre-registered experimental study, we examine stereotypes of public and private sector workers with and without a signal of specific professions present across both the public and private sector. We examine how this influences attraction in the initial phases of a job search before tangible job attributes become visible. Our study among 290 job seeking citizens in the United Kingdom provides evidence for a generic public sector worker bias, but the bias diminishes when the specific profession is known. Furthermore, we find that job seekers are less attracted to public employment and that this relationship is influenced by a negativity bias against public sector workers. We discuss implications of the study.

公共部门专业人员往往被冠以 "低效 "和 "懒惰 "等负面形象。这种负面印象可能会对公共部门机构吸引求职者造成不利影响，因为它会对个人的社会身份产生负面影响。通过这项预先注册的实验研究，我们考察了在公共和私营部门中存在或不存在特定职业信号的情况下，人们对公共和私营部门工作人员的刻板印象。在求职的初始阶段，在有形的工作属性变得可见之前，我们会研究这种刻板印象如何影响求职吸引力。我们对英国 290 名求职公民进行的研究证明，求职者会对公共部门的普通工作人员产生偏好，但当求职者知道具体职业时，这种偏好就会减弱。此外，我们还发现求职者对公共部门工作的吸引力较低，而这种关系受到了对公共部门工作人员的负面偏见的影响。我们将讨论本研究的意义。

引用次数: 0

Evaluating use of evidence in U.S. state governments: A conjoint analysis 评估美国州政府对证据的使用：联合分析

IF 8.3 1区管理学 Q1 PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION

Public Administration Review

Pub Date : 2024-11-17 DOI: 10.1111/puar.13903

Chengxin Xu, Yuan (Daniel) Cheng, Shuping Wang, Weston Merrick, Patrick Carter

Evidence-based practice (EBP) has become a global public management movement to improve constituents' lives through government decision making. However, how civil servants' decisions are influenced by scientific evidence remains unanswered. In this study, we answer two related research questions: (1) How do different elements of evidence impact civil servants' program preferences? (2) How does the rating of evidence influence their program preferences? Collaborating with major governmental and nonprofit agencies that promote the use of EBPs, we invited civil servants from three U.S. state governments to a paired conjoint experiment. Our analysis shows that: Civil servants prefer programs with evidence that is: (1) from their own states; (2) more recent; (3) shows positive effect on people from different demographic groups; and is (4) created by independent government teams and university research teams. We also find the “evidence-based” rating drives civil servants' preferences toward evidence with higher internal validity.

循证实践（EBP）已成为一场全球性的公共管理运动，旨在通过政府决策改善选民的生活。然而，公务员的决策如何受到科学证据的影响仍是一个未解之谜。在本研究中，我们将回答两个相关的研究问题：(1) 不同的证据要素如何影响公务员的项目偏好？(2）证据评级如何影响公务员的计划偏好？我们与推广使用 EBPs 的主要政府机构和非营利机构合作，邀请来自美国三个州政府的公务员参加配对联合实验。我们的分析表明公务员们更青睐有以下证据的项目：（1）来自他们自己的州；（2）较新；（3）对不同人口群体的人有积极影响；（4）由独立的政府团队和大学研究团队创建。我们还发现，"基于证据 "的评级促使公务员倾向于选择内部有效性更高的证据。

引用次数: 0

How scholars can support government analytics: Combining employee surveys with more administrative data sources towards a better understanding of how government functions 学者如何支持政府分析：将雇员调查与更多行政数据源相结合，更好地了解政府如何运作

IF 8.3 1区管理学 Q1 PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION

Public Administration Review

Pub Date : 2024-11-15 DOI: 10.1111/puar.13894

Daniel Rogger, Christian Schuster

With the digitization of administrative systems, governments have gained access to rich data about their administrative operations. How governments leverage such data to improve their administration—what we call government analytics—will shape government effectiveness. This article summarizes a conceptual framework which showcases that data can help diagnose and improve all components of a public administration production function—from inputs such as personnel and goods, to processes and management practices, to outputs and outcomes. We then assess to what extent public administration scholarship analyses these data sources and can thus inform government analytics. A review of 689 quantitative articles in two public administration journals in 2013–2023 finds that 50% draw on surveys of public employees and 25% on surveys of citizens or firms. By contrast, administrative micro data (14% of articles) are underexploited. Practitioners and scholars would thus do well to expand the data sources used to inform better government.

随着行政系统的数字化，政府获得了有关其行政运作的丰富数据。政府如何利用这些数据来改善其行政管理--我们称之为政府分析--将决定政府的效率。本文总结了一个概念框架，它展示了数据可以帮助诊断和改进公共行政生产功能的所有组成部分--从人员和货物等投入，到流程和管理实践，再到产出和结果。然后，我们将评估公共行政学术研究在多大程度上分析了这些数据来源，从而为政府分析提供信息。对2013-2023年两本公共管理期刊中的689篇定量文章进行回顾后发现，50%的文章借鉴了对公共雇员的调查，25%的文章借鉴了对公民或企业的调查。相比之下，行政微观数据（占文章的 14%）却未得到充分利用。因此，实践者和学者最好扩大数据来源，以便为更好的政府提供信息。

引用次数: 0

The effectiveness-equity tradeoff when resources decline: Evidence from environmental policy implementation in the U.S. states 资源减少时的效益-公平权衡：美国各州环境政策实施的证据

IF 8.3 1区管理学 Q1 PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION

Public Administration Review

Pub Date : 2024-01-14 DOI: 10.1111/puar.13784

Sanghee Park, Jiaqi Liang

Despite a voluminous literature on resource availability and the implications for organizational performance, little is known about how changes in government agencies' resources impact their policy implementation activities and goal prioritization. This article explores how changes in resources affect regulatory enforcement activities by types of resources and policy implementation activities, and whether resource cutbacks prompt a tradeoff of the effectiveness-equity goals. Using the block-group level data on the Clean Air Act (CAA) implementation from 2012 to 2019, we find that state environmental agencies prioritize regulatory effectiveness over environmental justice by concentrating their resources on communities where task demands correspond to organizations' core missions. They also promote social equity to some extent when facing spending cutbacks but not staffing cuts. Spending cutbacks had a less severe impact on compliance inspections for more socially vulnerable communities, while those exposed to more imminent environmental harms received more inspections.

尽管关于资源可用性及其对组织绩效的影响的文献很多，但人们对政府机构资源的变化如何影响其政策实施活动和目标优先次序却知之甚少。本文按资源类型和政策实施活动探讨了资源变化对监管执法活动的影响，以及资源削减是否会导致有效性-公平性目标的权衡。利用 2012 年至 2019 年《清洁空气法案》（CAA）执行情况的组块级数据，我们发现，州环境机构通过将资源集中在任务需求与机构核心使命相符的社区，优先考虑监管有效性而非环境公正性。在面临支出削减而非人员削减时，这些机构也会在一定程度上促进社会公平。支出削减对社会弱势社区的合规检查影响较小，而对那些面临更紧迫环境危害的社区的检查则更多。

引用次数: 0

Public values and sector service delivery preferences: Public preferences on contracting from simple to complex human services 公众价值观与部门服务提供偏好：公众对从简单到复杂的人类服务合同的偏好

IF 8.3 1区管理学 Q1 PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION

Public Administration Review

Pub Date : 2024-01-07 DOI: 10.1111/puar.13794

Jaclyn Piatak, Colt Jensen

Nonprofit and for-profit providers play an increasing role in public service delivery, but we know little about what shapes public service delivery preferences. Responding to calls to put the “public” back in public values theory, we examine the influence of public values on sector service delivery preferences for government, nonprofit, or for-profit delivery across six service areas ranging from simple services such as trash collection to complex services such as child welfare. We find equity predicts a preference for government service delivery across areas, while efficiency corresponds to a preference for for-profit service delivery. Nonprofit sector preferences varied across service areas; equity corresponds to simple services such as street maintenance, whereas effectiveness corresponds to complex human services such as elder care. Public administrators should be cognizant of the public value trade-offs that underlie sector preferences for public services to design and implement service arrangements in line with the preferences of the public they serve.

非营利性和营利性机构在公共服务提供中发挥着越来越重要的作用，但我们对公共服务提供偏好的形成因素知之甚少。为了响应将 "公共 "重新纳入公共价值理论的呼声，我们研究了公共价值对政府、非营利或营利部门提供服务偏好的影响，涉及六个服务领域，从垃圾收集等简单服务到儿童福利等复杂服务。我们发现，在各个领域，公平预示着对政府服务提供的偏好，而效率则对应着对营利性服务提供的偏好。非营利部门对不同服务领域的偏好各不相同；公平性与街道维护等简单服务相对应，而效率性则与老年人护理等复杂的人类服务相对应。公共管理者应认识到公共服务部门偏好的公共价值权衡，以设计和实施符合其所服务的公众偏好的服务安排。

引用次数: 0

Information for Contributors 投稿须知

IF 8.3 1区管理学 Q1 PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION

Public Administration Review

Pub Date : 2023-12-26 DOI: 10.1111/puar.13792

About the Journal

Public Administration Review (PAR) is dedicated to advancing theory and practice in public administration. PAR serves a wide range of audiences globally. As the preeminent professional journal in public administration, Public Administration Review (PAR) strives to publish research that not only advances the science and theory of public administration, but also incorporates and addresses the realities of the practice of public administration.

The PAR editorial team takes pride in our rigorous review process. Although we strive for rigor, we also seek to provide quality service to our contributors. Operationally, this means we try to offer high quality, timely feedback. The standard time for full peer review is typically less than 90 days from receipt of a manuscript to an editor’s decision. If our internal editorial review concludes a manuscript is not suitable for full peer review, then we usually have a decision to authors within 14 days after submission of a manuscript.

As a professional journal, PAR encourages submissions from both scholars and practitioners. Regardless of the affiliations of our authors, our readers value research informed by practice and practice informed by research. Since its founding in 1940, PAR has regularly published articles contributed by practitioners.

关于期刊《公共行政评论》（PAR）致力于推动公共行政理论与实践的发展。公共行政评论》的读者遍布全球。作为公共管理领域最杰出的专业期刊，《公共管理评论》（PAR）致力于发表不仅能推动公共管理科学和理论发展，而且能结合并解决公共管理实践现实问题的研究成果。尽管我们力求严谨，但我们也力求为投稿者提供优质服务。在操作上，这意味着我们努力提供高质量的及时反馈。从收到稿件到编辑做出决定，全面同行评审的标准时间一般不超过 90 天。如果我们的内部编辑审查认为稿件不适合进行全面同行评审，那么我们通常会在稿件提交后 14 天内向作者做出决定。作为一份专业期刊，《PAR》鼓励学者和从业人员投稿。作为专业期刊，《PAR》鼓励学者和从业人员投稿。无论作者属于哪个组织，我们的读者都重视以实践为依据的研究和以研究为依据的实践。自1940年创刊以来，《PAR》定期发表实践者撰写的文章。

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引用次数: 0

Confronting whiteness through community dialogues about safety problems and solutions 通过关于安全问题和解决方案的社区对话来正视白人问题

IF 8.3 1区管理学 Q1 PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION

Public Administration Review

Pub Date : 2023-12-25 DOI: 10.1111/puar.13793

Kathryn S. Quick

What happens to problem-solution pathways when racism is prominent in a public policy issue and a group of stakeholders—the majority of whom are White—dialogue about desired policy changes? I examine this question through a case study of community dialogues about policing, safety, race, and White privilege after Philando Castile was killed by a police officer. Through longitudinal, ethnographic analysis, I trace how a series of deliberative dialogues made White complicity in racism visible, leading to problem-solution pathways expanding beyond an initial focus on policing reform to also incorporate White residents' making deeper commitments to anti-racism and inclusion. This shift occurred through the sequencing of topics, slowing down the pace of problem definition, building relationships, dialogue norms and facilitation methodologies, and BIPOC participants' labor. I conclude with suggestions for more constructive democratic processes to support anti-racist governance.

当种族主义在公共政策问题中非常突出，而一群利益相关者--其中大多数是白人--就所希望的政策变化展开对话时，问题解决途径会发生什么变化？在菲兰多-卡斯蒂利亚（Philando Castile）被警察杀害后，我通过对社区关于警务、安全、种族和白人特权对话的案例研究来探讨这个问题。通过纵向人种学分析，我追溯了一系列商议性对话是如何使白人在种族主义中的共谋性显现出来，从而使问题解决途径从最初的警务改革扩展到白人居民对反种族主义和包容性的更深层次承诺。这种转变是通过议题排序、放慢问题定义的速度、建立关系、对话规范和促进方法以及 BIPOC 参与者的劳动实现的。最后，我建议采用更具建设性的民主程序来支持反种族主义治理。

引用次数: 0

Social affordances of agile governance 敏捷治理的社会承受力

IF 8.3 1区管理学 Q1 PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION

Public Administration Review

Pub Date : 2023-12-21 DOI: 10.1111/puar.13787

Ines Mergel

Agile refers to a work management ideology with a set of productivity frameworks that support continuous and iterative progress on work tasks by reviewing one's hypotheses, working in a human-centric way, and encouraging evidence-based learning. In practice, public administrations have started to use agile principles and methods to plan projects, work in short sprints, iterate after receiving feedback from stakeholders, and apply a human-centric approach to arrive at prototyped solutions. To understand the opportunities and challenges public servants perceive when they are asked to apply agile work practices, I conducted focus groups to study the social affordances of agile governance that need to be in place for public servants to adopt an agile mindset and its related practices. As a result of the exposure to agile work practices, public servants are either able to perceive its affordances and are willing to adopt agile, they falsely perceive them or they even remain hidden from them leading to a rejection of agile.

敏捷指的是一种工作管理思想，它有一套生产力框架，通过审查自己的假设、以人为本的工作方式和鼓励循证学习，支持工作任务的持续和迭代进展。在实践中，公共行政部门已开始使用敏捷原则和方法来规划项目、开展短期冲刺、在收到利益相关者的反馈后进行迭代，并采用以人为本的方法来获得原型解决方案。为了了解公务员在被要求采用敏捷工作实践时所感受到的机遇和挑战，我开展了焦点小组活动，研究公务员采用敏捷思维及其相关实践所需的敏捷治理的社会承受能力。由于接触了敏捷工作实践，公务员要么能够感知到敏捷的可承受性并愿意采用敏捷，要么他们错误地感知到了这些可承受性，或者他们甚至对这些可承受性保持隐蔽，从而导致对敏捷的排斥。

引用次数: 0

Inconvenient truths about logistic regression and the remedy of marginal effects 关于逻辑回归和边际效应补救的令人不安的真相

IF 8.3 1区管理学 Q1 PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION

Public Administration Review

Pub Date : 2023-12-15 DOI: 10.1111/puar.13786

Michael Howell-Moroney

Logistic regression is a standard technique in public administration research. However, there are two inconvenient truths about logistic regression of which scholars should be aware. First, logistic regression results are difficult to interpret. Raw coefficients are expressed in an enigmatic log odds scale and odds ratios are regularly misinterpreted as risk ratios. Second, logistic regression results are non-collapsible, which renders model comparisons invalid. A review of recent public administration articles reveals that these inconvenient truths still plague the discipline. This paper advocates the use of average marginal effects to reckon with both inconvenient truths. Average marginal effects are easy to comprehend because they measure effect sizes on a probability scale. And average marginal effects are collapsible, and hence facilitate valid model comparisons. These concepts are illustrated using data simulations and data from the 2017 Current Population Survey. The paper concludes with suggestions for improved research practice.

逻辑回归是公共管理研究中的一种标准方法。然而，关于逻辑回归，有两个难以忽视的事实是学者们应该意识到的。首先，逻辑回归结果难以解释。原始系数以神秘对数比值尺度表示，比值比经常被误解为风险比。其次，逻辑回归的结果是不可折叠的，这使得模型比较无效。对最近公共行政文章的回顾表明，这些令人不快的事实仍然困扰着这门学科。本文提倡使用平均边际效应来考虑这两个难以忽视的事实。平均边际效应很容易理解，因为它们在概率尺度上衡量效应大小。平均边际效应是可折叠的，因此便于有效的模型比较。这些概念使用数据模拟和2017年当前人口调查的数据来说明。文章最后提出了改进研究实践的建议。

引用次数: 0

Designing cross‐sector collaboration to foster technological innovation: Empirical insights from eHealth partnerships in five countries 设计跨部门合作，促进技术创新：五个国家电子保健伙伴关系的经验启示

IF 8.3 1区管理学 Q1 PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION

Public Administration Review

Pub Date : 2023-12-12 DOI: 10.1111/puar.13785

K. Verhoest, Chesney Callens, E. Klijn, Lena Brogaard, Jaime García‐Rayado, S. Nõmmik

This article examines the impact of partnership design on technological innovation in public‐private innovation partnerships. It develops two competing hypotheses on how specific partnership characteristics lead to innovation in health care services. The study compares 19 eHealth partnerships across five European countries and uses fuzzy‐set qualitative comparative analysis to test the hypotheses. The findings show that small, centralized, and homogeneous partnerships are most successful at achieving technological innovation. The study highlights the importance of partnership design in spurring innovation and calls for a reconsideration of some of the underlying assumptions of collaborative innovation theory.

本文探讨了伙伴关系设计对公私创新伙伴关系中技术创新的影响。文章就特定合作关系特征如何导致医疗服务创新提出了两个相互竞争的假设。研究比较了五个欧洲国家的 19 个电子医疗合作伙伴关系，并使用模糊集定性比较分析来检验假设。研究结果表明，小型、集中和同质化的合作关系在实现技术创新方面最为成功。该研究强调了伙伴关系设计在促进创新方面的重要性，并呼吁重新考虑合作创新理论的一些基本假设。

引用次数: 0

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