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Do we Need a ‘New Strategy Paradigm’? No 我们需要 "新战略范式 "吗?不需要
IF 7 1区 管理学 Q1 BUSINESS Pub Date : 2024-05-07 DOI: 10.1111/joms.13081
Nicolai J. Foss, Peter G. Klein

Bansal et al.'s Point piece, "Strategy's Ecological Fallacy: How strategy scholars have contributed to the ecological crisis and what we can do about it," calls for reforming the strategy field to focus on the natural environment, ecological cycles, and interconnections across natural and social levels, in service of value creation for ‘a defined ecosystem that comprises respect for the natural environment’. We doubt that such new foundations are necessary or useful. We argue that Bansal et al. misconstrue the evolution and content of strategy thinking; downplay the usefulness of existing tools for dealing with their issues of concern; overlook problems of measurement, collective action, government failure, and cronyism encouraged by their preferred policies; embrace an unnecessarily alarmist worldview; and underappreciate the social benefits of the market-based institutions they criticize. We suggest instead that a market system based on clearly delineated property rights, prices that freely adjust to reflect scarcities, and an institutional environment that encourages entrepreneurship and innovation remains an underappreciated instrument for protection of the natural environment, one that is superior to centralized and regulatory alternatives.

班萨尔等人的观点文章《战略的生态谬误:战略学者如何助长了生态危机以及我们能做些什么》呼吁改革战略领域,将重点放在自然环境、生态循环以及自然与社会层面的相互联系上,为 "包含尊重自然环境的定义生态系统 "创造价值服务。我们怀疑这样的新基础是否必要或有用。我们认为,班萨尔等人曲解了战略思维的演变和内容;贬低了现有工具在处理他们所关注的问题时的作用;忽视了衡量问题、集体行动、政府失灵以及他们所偏好的政策所鼓励的任人唯亲;接受了一种不必要的危言耸听的世界观;并且低估了他们所批评的以市场为基础的机构所带来的社会效益。相反,我们建议,基于明确界定的产权、可自由调整以反映稀缺性的价格以及鼓励创业和创新的制度环境的市场体系,仍然是保护自然环境的一种未被充分重视的手段,它优于集中式和监管式的替代方案。
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引用次数: 0
Issue Information - Notes for Contributors 发行信息 - 投稿须知
IF 10.5 1区 管理学 Q1 BUSINESS Pub Date : 2024-05-06 DOI: 10.1111/joms.12948
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引用次数: 0
Biocentric Work in the Anthropocene: How Actors Regenerate Degenerated Natural Commons 人类世以生物为中心的工作:行动者如何再生退化的自然公域
IF 10.5 1区 管理学 Q1 BUSINESS Pub Date : 2024-05-04 DOI: 10.1111/joms.13080
Laura Albareda, Oana Branzei
As natural commons vital to selves, organizations, and institutions collapse under cumulative anthropogenic pressures, can human agency still reverse some of the damage already done? This article explores how emerging forms of social symbolic work regenerate degenerated natural commons. Using a five‐year multi‐sited immersive ethnography of natural commons that had collapsed, we explain how actors (re)turn to the biophysical roots of socio‐ecological systems to take care, work with, and care for nature. We show how actors’ comprehension develops over time by connecting their social‐symbolic construction of natural commons post collapse with three sets of practices we label biomanipulation, biofacilitation, and bioaffiliation. We inductively theorize biocentric work as a processual form of social‐symbolic work that connects three cycles of material abduction, relational intercession, and discursive grounding. Our tri‐cyclical process model underscores the biophysical foundations of social‐symbolic work in the Anthropocene by explicitly and iteratively situating self, organizations and institutions in the states and dynamics of natural commons.
当对自我、组织和机构至关重要的自然公域在累积的人为压力下崩溃时,人类机构还能扭转一些已经造成的破坏吗?本文探讨了新兴的社会符号工作形式如何使退化的自然公域再生。通过对已崩溃的自然公地进行为期五年的多地点沉浸式人种学研究,我们解释了行动者如何(重新)转向社会生态系统的生物物理根源,以照顾自然、与自然合作并关爱自然。我们将行动者对崩溃后自然公地的社会符号建构与我们称之为生物操纵、生物促进和生物和解的三组实践联系起来,从而说明行动者的理解力是如何随着时间的推移而发展的。我们将以生物为中心的工作归纳为一种社会符号工作的过程形式,它连接着物质诱导、关系介入和话语基础三个循环。我们的三循环过程模型强调了人类世社会符号工作的生物物理基础,明确并反复地将自我、组织和机构置于自然公域的状态和动态之中。
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引用次数: 0
Can Strategy Address the Climate Crisis Without Losing its Essence? 应对气候危机的战略能否不失其本质?
IF 7 1区 管理学 Q1 BUSINESS Pub Date : 2024-05-02 DOI: 10.1111/joms.13083
Gerald F. Davis, Theodore DeWitt

How should academic fields take on the existential risks created by the climate crisis? What can business schools do to accelerate the decarbonization of business required to save our species? In their Point, Bansal et al. argue that the field of strategic management is complicit in bringing about our current crisis, and they propose to reformulate the field's very foundations to help get us out. In our Counterpoint, we show why we agree with the diagnosis but argue why we are sceptical of the cure. Strategic management incubated in business schools devoted to creating shareholder value, and its central frameworks commit it to this mission, making it fundamentally impossible to reform. The adjustments suggested by Bansal et al. might nudge what is published in journals but will not solve the bigger challenge. If we are to turn back from the climate disaster and begin the process of mitigation and remediation, we need to equip firms to decarbonize their operations as quickly as possible, and to create new kinds of enterprise to bring about the clean energy transition. Given its history and methods, organization theory may be better equipped to take on this role.

学术领域应如何应对气候危机带来的生存风险?商学院可以做些什么来加速拯救人类所需的商业去碳化?在他们的观点中,班萨尔等人认为,战略管理领域是造成当前危机的帮凶,他们建议重新制定该领域的基础,以帮助我们摆脱危机。在我们的 "反观点"(Counterpoint)中,我们将说明为什么我们同意他们的诊断,但对治疗方法持怀疑态度。战略管理学孕育于致力于创造股东价值的商学院,其核心框架使其承担了这一使命,因此从根本上说是不可能改革的。班萨尔等人提出的调整建议可能会对期刊发表的文章有所影响,但并不能解决更大的挑战。如果我们要从气候灾难中回头,并开始减缓和补救进程,我们就需要让企业尽快实现去碳化,并创建新型企业来实现清洁能源转型。鉴于其历史和方法,组织理论可能更适合承担这一角色。
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引用次数: 0
Grand Challenges Viewed through the Pragmatist Lens of the Economies of Worth: A Multidisciplinary Review and Framework for the Conduct of Moral Work in Pluralistic Settings 从实用主义的 "价值经济 "视角看重大挑战:多元环境下开展道德工作的多学科回顾与框架
IF 7 1区 管理学 Q1 BUSINESS Pub Date : 2024-04-30 DOI: 10.1111/joms.13078
Charlotte Cloutier, Francis Desjardins, Linda Rouleau

A fast-growing number of organization and management scholars are responding to calls to conduct research on grand challenges (GCs). Few among these, however, question the core assumptions that underpin their efforts. In this paper we argue that the intractability of GCs stems from a failure to recognize the fundamentally pragmatic, plural, and moral character of these problems, which generate conflicts between groups over what is the ‘right’ or most appropriate course of action to pursue. A theoretical lens frequently used across many disciplines to make sense of problems such as these is Boltanski and Thévenot's (1991, 2006) economies of worth (EoW). On this premise, we undertake a multidisciplinary review of articles that use the EoW for studying GCs. Based on our analysis, we develop a pragmatist framework that articulates the practices that underpin the conduct of ‘moral work’ that organizational actors engage in as they seek to agree on a common sense of justice in GC contexts. Our framework provides a useful roadmap for scholars interested in applying a pragmatist perspective to our understanding of GCs, and by so doing, explore different, more socially just, and potentially more impactful ways of tackling them.

越来越多的组织与管理学者正在响应号召,开展对重大挑战(GCs)的研究。然而,这些学者中很少有人对支撑其研究工作的核心假设提出质疑。在本文中,我们认为,GCs 之所以难以解决,是因为我们没有认识到这些问题从根本上讲具有实用性、多元性和道德性,它们会在不同群体之间产生冲突,争论什么是 "正确的 "或最合适的行动方案。博尔坦斯基和泰维诺(1991 年,2006 年)提出的价值经济(EoW)是许多学科常用的理论视角,用于理解此类问题。在此前提下,我们对使用 EoW 研究 GC 的文章进行了多学科综述。在分析的基础上,我们建立了一个实用主义框架,阐明了组织行为者在全球契约背景下寻求共同的正义感时所从事的 "道德工作 "的基本实践。我们的框架为有兴趣将实用主义视角应用于我们对全球契约的理解的学者提供了一个有用的路线图,并通过这样做,探索不同的、更具社会公正性和潜在影响力的方法来解决全球契约问题。
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引用次数: 0
Reframing Silence as Purposeful: Emotions in Extreme Contexts 重塑沉默的目的性:极端环境中的情感
IF 10.5 1区 管理学 Q1 BUSINESS Pub Date : 2024-04-26 DOI: 10.1111/joms.13079
Madeleine Rauch, Shahzad Shaz Ansari
Individuals bear the weight of emotional distress when exposed to brutality and suffering in warzones. Yet, immersed in scenes of intense human tragedy, they must publicly mask their emotional turmoil. How then may such individuals cope with the emotional distress they suffer but mute? Through the analysis of 53 unsolicited, personal diaries, non‐participant observations in conflict zones, and interviews with Médecins Sans Frontières personnel, we study medical professionals who work in extreme contexts. Employing Goffman's notions of frontstage and backstage behaviour, we reveal silence as an emotional defence mechanism. We argue that this silence is a result of individuals’ deliberate choice rather than being muted by external forces. This choice enables individuals to maintain focus and perform critical, often life‐saving duties under extreme pressure. We find that silence does not imply an absence of emotion nor diminish emotional distress. Instead, silence functions as a protective measure against potential emotional breakdowns. We illustrate how journaling serves as a private refuge for self‐expression, enabling individuals to navigate their emotions and experiences away from scrutiny by others. We contribute to understanding emotional regulation in extreme contexts, and redefine silence as an essential aspect of coping and resilience.
在战区,当人们面对残暴和苦难时,会承受巨大的精神压力。然而,当他们沉浸在强烈的人类悲剧场景中时,他们必须公开掩饰自己的情绪波动。那么,这些人又该如何应对他们所遭受的情感痛苦,却又哑口无言呢?通过分析53篇未经请求的个人日记、在冲突地区的非参与者观察以及对无国界医生组织人员的访谈,我们研究了在极端环境下工作的医务人员。我们运用戈夫曼关于前台和后台行为的概念,揭示了沉默作为一种情感防御机制的作用。我们认为,这种沉默是个人有意选择的结果,而不是被外部力量所压制。这种选择使个人能够在极端压力下保持注意力,履行关键的、往往是拯救生命的职责。我们发现,沉默并不意味着没有情绪,也不会减轻情绪困扰。相反,沉默是防止潜在情绪崩溃的一种保护措施。我们说明了写日记如何成为自我表达的私人庇护所,使个人能够在远离他人审视的情况下引导自己的情绪和体验。我们有助于理解极端环境下的情绪调节,并将沉默重新定义为应对和恢复能力的一个重要方面。
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引用次数: 0
Invisible Iterations: How Formal and Informal Organization Shape Knowledge Networks for Coordination 看不见的迭代:正式和非正式组织如何塑造协调知识网络
IF 7 1区 管理学 Q1 BUSINESS Pub Date : 2024-04-24 DOI: 10.1111/joms.13076
Julia Brennecke, James A. Coutinho, Michael Gilding, Dean Lusher, Graham Schaffer

This study takes a network approach to investigate coordination among knowledge workers as grounded in both formal and informal organization. We first derive hypotheses regarding patterns of knowledge-sharing relationships by which workers pass on and exchange tacit and codified knowledge within and across organizational hierarchies to address the challenges that underpin contemporary knowledge work. We use survey data and apply exponential random graph models to test our hypotheses. We then extend the quantitative network analysis with insights from qualitative interviews and demonstrate that the identified knowledge-sharing patterns are the micro-foundational traces of collective coordination resulting from two underlying coordination mechanisms which we label ‘invisible iterations’ and ‘bringing in the big guns’. These mechanisms and, by extension, the associated knowledge-sharing patterns enable knowledge workers to perform in a setting that is characterized by complexity, uncertainty and ambiguity. Our research contributes to theory on the interplay between formal and informal organization for coordination by showing how self-directed, informal action is supported by the formal organizational hierarchy. In doing so, it also extends understanding of the role that hierarchy plays for knowledge-intensive work. Finally, it establishes the collective need to coordinate work as a previously overlooked driver of knowledge network relationships and network patterns.

本研究采用网络方法来研究知识工作者之间的协调,这种协调以正式和非正式组织为基础。我们首先就知识共享关系的模式提出假设,通过这种关系,员工在组织层级内和组织层级间传递和交流隐性知识和编纂知识,以应对支撑当代知识工作的挑战。我们使用调查数据并应用指数随机图模型来检验我们的假设。然后,我们利用定性访谈的洞察力扩展了定量网络分析,并证明所识别的知识共享模式是集体协调的微观基础痕迹,而集体协调产生于两个基本协调机制,我们称之为 "隐形迭代 "和 "引入大腕"。这些机制以及与之相关的知识共享模式使知识工作者能够在以复杂性、不确定性和模糊性为特征的环境中开展工作。我们的研究通过展示自我指导的非正式行动如何得到正式组织层次结构的支持,为正式和非正式组织协调之间相互作用的理论做出了贡献。在此过程中,它还扩展了人们对等级制度在知识密集型工作中所起作用的理解。最后,它确定了协调工作的集体需求是以前被忽视的知识网络关系和网络模式的驱动力。
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引用次数: 0
Transactive Memory Systems and Acquisition Performance: A Strategic Decision Making Process Perspective 交互式记忆系统与收购绩效:战略决策过程视角
IF 7 1区 管理学 Q1 BUSINESS Pub Date : 2024-04-21 DOI: 10.1111/joms.13074
Bowen Lou, Florian Bauer, Codou Samba, Neil Shepherd

During the pre-merger phase of an acquisition, fundamental decisions are made concerning whether to buy, which company to buy, and how much to pay. Further, acquisitions carry significant firm-wide implications requiring input from multiple different specializations, and hence, they are the product of the judgements, decisions, and social interactions between top managers. We focus our theory development on a pivotal yet under-researched top management team characteristic, transactive memory system (TMS). TMS is the shared division of cognitive labour with respect to encoding, storing, and retrieving knowledge from individual areas of expertise. We theorize that TMT transactive memory directly influences the strategic decision making process, which in turn determines acquisition performance. We test our hypotheses with a sample of 109 acquisitions, combining survey and archival data. We find that TMT transactive memory increases reliance on expert intuition and procedural rationality, while reducing political behaviour; and each of these three strategic decision processes carries different implications for acquisition performance. Our study advances theory by explaining the team-level behavioural mechanisms that underlie acquisition performance.

在并购的前期阶段,要就是否收购、收购哪家公司以及收购价格做出基本决策。此外,并购会对整个公司产生重大影响,需要来自多个不同专业领域的投入,因此,并购是高层管理者之间判断、决策和社会互动的产物。我们将理论发展的重点放在一个关键但研究不足的高层管理团队特征--交互记忆系统(TMS)上。TMS 是指在编码、存储和检索个人专业领域知识方面的共同认知分工。我们推测,高层管理团队的交互式记忆会直接影响战略决策过程,进而决定收购绩效。我们以 109 项收购为样本,结合调查和档案数据,验证了我们的假设。我们发现,团队互动记忆增加了对专家直觉和程序理性的依赖,同时减少了政治行为;这三个战略决策过程对收购绩效的影响各不相同。我们的研究通过解释收购绩效的团队行为机制,推动了理论的发展。
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引用次数: 0
Birds of a Feather are Punished Together, or Not? Examining Heterogeneity in Career Advancements of Minority Groups 物以类聚,人以群分?考察少数群体职业发展的异质性
IF 7 1区 管理学 Q1 BUSINESS Pub Date : 2024-04-17 DOI: 10.1111/joms.13077
Maima Aulia Syakhroza, Jan Lodge

In this study we examine the heterogeneous effects of being affiliated with different minority groups on employees’ career advancements in organizations. We draw on the categories literature and its concept of category distance to hypothesize why some minority groups may be more (dis)advantaged than others in their career advancements. To do so, we define category distance in terms of shared identity markers between groups, where identity markers are salient attributes that audiences commonly associate a group with. We test our hypotheses among religious minority groups using employment data from a large Indonesian government organization. Our results indicate that minority groups closer in distance to the organizational majority group are more penalized in their career advancements than minority groups further in distance. These results hold both at the group and at the individual level. Through our study we make contributions to the literatures on careers, categories, and the burgeoning study of religion in organizations. We conclude with implications for practice.

在本研究中,我们探讨了隶属于不同少数群体对员工在组织中职业发展的异质性影响。我们借鉴了类别文献及其类别距离的概念,来假设为什么一些少数群体在职业晋升方面可能比其他群体更具(不)优势。为此,我们根据群体间共享的身份标记来定义类别距离,其中身份标记是受众通常将一个群体与其他群体联系在一起的突出属性。我们利用印度尼西亚一家大型政府机构的就业数据,在宗教少数群体中检验了我们的假设。我们的结果表明,与组织中的多数群体相比,与多数群体距离较近的少数群体在职业晋升方面受到的影响更大。这些结果在群体和个人层面都成立。通过我们的研究,我们对有关职业、类别和组织中宗教的新兴研究文献做出了贡献。最后,我们提出了对实践的启示。
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引用次数: 0
With or without you: Family and Career-Work in a Demanding and Precarious Profession 有没有你家庭与事业--在要求高且不稳定的职业中工作
IF 10.5 1区 管理学 Q1 BUSINESS Pub Date : 2024-04-16 DOI: 10.1111/joms.13073
Erin Reid, Farnaz Ghaedipour, Otilia Obodaru
Family arrangements are crucial to people's abilities to meet the high demands of professional careers; but most scholarship has examined stable, highly remunerated professions. To understand the relationship between career and family within the increasing number of precarious professions, we analyse interviews with 102 journalists. We discover two broad types of career-work practices these professionals employ to engage family in their careers: career-family positioning (i.e., crafting a narrative of how career and family relate) and career-family resourcing (i.e., generating resources from family for career or vice-versa). Together, these practices touch more family members – spouses, children, parents, siblings, and extended family members – and involve a wider range of resources than documented in stable fields. By piecing together variations of these practices, professionals construct career strategies that address their difficult context in different ways. Two strategies largely accept the demands and precarity, by prioritizing career and drawing on family, or prioritizing career and forgoing family. A third, prioritizing family over career, involves defying the demands. Gender does not clearly influence which career strategy people pursue. These findings advance scholarship on career and family in the professions, social-symbolic work, and contribute to careers research more broadly.
家庭安排对人们能否满足职业生涯的高要求至关重要;但大多数研究都是针对稳定、高收入的职业。为了了解在越来越多的不稳定职业中职业与家庭之间的关系,我们分析了对 102 名记者的采访。我们发现了这些专业人士为让家庭参与其职业生涯而采用的两大类职业-工作实践:职业-家庭定位(即精心设计职业与家庭关系的叙事)和职业-家庭资源配置(即从家庭获取职业资源或反之亦然)。与稳定的领域相比,这些做法涉及更多的家庭成员--配偶、子女、父母、兄弟姐妹和大家庭成员--并涉及更广泛的资源。通过将这些做法的变体拼凑在一起,专业人员构建了职业战略,以不同的方式解决他们所处的困难环境。有两种策略在很大程度上接受了这种要求和不稳定性,即优先考虑事业并依靠家庭,或优先考虑事业而放弃家庭。第三种是家庭优先于事业,这涉及到对需求的反抗。性别并不明显影响人们采取哪种职业策略。这些研究结果推动了有关职业和家庭、社会符号工作的学术研究,并为更广泛的职业研究做出了贡献。
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引用次数: 0
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