Journal of Management Studies最新文献

Linking research on networks, rivalry, and gender, we develop a contextual approach to gender-based differences in network returns. Our principal contribution is in articulating the role of rivalry – a personalized and relational form of competition – in influencing the cognitive activation and behavioural mobilization of social networks. Three experiments and two field studies provide consistent evidence for a negative impact of rivalry on women's network activation and mobilization. We attribute this effect to the misalignment between the cognitive-relational schema associated with rivalry, promoting focus, agency, and confrontation, and gender-based cognitive and behavioural expectations, portraying women as more comprehensive, communal, and cooperative than men. The negative consequences of this misalignment are due to the experience of negative affect, fear of social evaluations, and perception of threat. A key takeaway from our analysis is that efforts at improving women's network returns should better account for the role of contextual factors.

The attention-based view posits that a firm's allocation of attention to particular issues directly influences its actions and performance. Yet, the impact of attentional uniqueness – how the pattern of a firm's attentional allocation diverges from its competitors within the same industry – on behaviour and performance remains underexplored. We argue for an inverted U-shaped relationship between attentional uniqueness and firm performance, mediated by the frequency of growth actions. This is because a firm's attentional allocation shapes its reaction to problems, opportunities, and threats in the competitive landscape, resulting in its competitive advantage. To generate growth actions, a firm needs to have both a unique perspective and a general understanding of its industry. Furthermore, we propose that this relationship is contingent on environmental munificence, which reflects the presence of growth opportunities. Our analysis, leveraging structural topic modelling on annual security reports from 986 Japanese listed companies between 2004 and 2016, broadly supports these theoretical predictions.

The development of a novel boundary infrastructure for large-scale interorganizational collaboration presents a challenge that is ill-understood: how can individual boundary objects, which do not suffice for large-scale collaboration and might even engender conflict, be developed into a coherent boundary infrastructure that facilitates the crossing of multiple boundaries? In a longitudinal study, we investigated how Helix Nebula – a collaboration among Europe's big science and big business organizations – developed a cloud computing infrastructure for scientific research. Our findings show that the process involves two recursive mechanisms. The scaffolding of boundary objects helps organizations to iteratively create various technical and organizational objects that support each other's development. The reconfiguring of coalitions involves organizations constantly rearranging into subgroups, which enables them to accommodate their differences and common needs. Our study contributes a process model of how organizations develop boundary objects into a coherent boundary infrastructure and shines light on the role of scaffolding and the political dynamics of coalitions as a driving force for large-scale interorganizational collaboration.

Multisided platforms face a fundamental trade-off: should they ease entry for a larger number of providers of complementary products or services (complementors) to join the platform and benefit from cross-side network externalities, or should they limit entry to maintain complementors’ incentives to provide high-quality offerings? We contend that a specific cross-subsidizing pricing strategy – where the amount of subsidy to complementors is explicitly linked to the overall revenue they generate on the other side of the platform – may mitigate this trade-off. Using data from the airport industry, we demonstrate that following a reduction of airlines’ entry barriers, airports that subsidize airlines, based on the aforementioned scheme, can boost their financial performance and maintain traffic composition in favour of legacy airlines, which bring passengers who spend more in airport shops. Our findings shed light on how cross-subsidization may balance the variety and quality of complementors and their offerings on multisided platforms.

We examine the role of available information in imprinting processes and investigate how a significant environmental shock can have long-lasting effects on the future decision-making of corporate leaders. We argue that information about local infection rates of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) in 2003 left a pandemic imprint on those who were young adults at that time. The more strongly imprinted corporate leaders would then be more alert to and respond faster to the COVID-19 outbreak in 2020, a new but similar infectious disease. We study this connection by examining a sample of Chinese publicly traded firms’ initiation of personal protective equipment (PPE) production. We further argue that past informational factors, such as media sentiment regarding the SARS outbreak in 2003, and more recent contemporary informational factors, such as media sentiment about COVID-19 and online-reported population mobility from Wuhan, China, where the COVID-19 outbreak started, influenced the strength of the imprinting effects. Results support our hypotheses, and we discuss contributions to imprinting theory as well as the literature on media in authoritarian regimes.

Extreme events pose major challenges for the performance of routines as they threaten the continuation of work in all its forms. This paper uses an embodiment perspective to examine a routine recreation process in a fine-dining zero-waste restaurant whose routines were completely disrupted by the COVID-19 pandemic. Zooming in on the role of the lived body, our study reveals the importance of ‘embodied connection work’ for the recreation of a new set of routines. We show how this active process of making connections between actors and actions consists of ‘embodied imagining’ and ‘embodied protecting’. Together, these interrelated practices enable the reintegration of stakeholders and the reassembling of what matters to the restaurant owners. Our study contributes to research at the intersection of routines and extreme contexts in three ways: (1) we move away from considering the body as a trained object and focus instead on the lived body and its role in performing and patterning and, hence, in recreating routines; (2) we unpack how novel roles emerge through embodied connection work as new and existing connections are forged; and (3) we conceptualize the relationship between routines and context as mutually constitutive suggesting that actions are situated through the lived body.

This essay is a call for action to support those experiencing hidden vulnerability in academic life. My experience as a gay man, who is often presumed to be straight, has shown me that people can experience unrecognized vulnerability when their differences or difficulties are not obvious to others. To respond to the issue of hidden vulnerability, I advocate (i) encouraging vulnerable people to craft spaces for visibility, (ii) encouraging others to form a community of care that disrupts the silences that otherwise leave hidden vulnerabilities unresolved, and (iii) mobilizing university leadership teams to transform institutional policies. In making this call, I distinguish hidden vulnerability, and the particular problems that it brings, from deliberate vulnerability to support personal growth. Deciding to be more open to others in the context of our work, even though that can leave us feeling exposed, can lead to important opportunities for learning and self-development. But choosing to accept vulnerability with the intention of learning is radically different to feeling vulnerable without any choice or hope of benefit (Brown, 2022).

You cannot necessarily see the unchosen vulnerabilities that people experience, and some people encounter vulnerability in ways that are invisible to others with different back-stories from theirs. As a gay man from an economically and socially deprived background, seeking to navigate elite academic circles where most faculty members’ stories have more nourishing roots than mine, hidden vulnerability has had a personal impact on me. Realizing the ways that I have experienced and responded to hidden vulnerability moves me to consider others who have experienced it in different ways. For example, neurodiversity, mental health concerns, precarity, dyslexia, menopause and many other personal situations can all be a source of hidden vulnerability. We need to develop better awareness and support for the vulnerabilities that others may be carrying silently, while we are oblivious to their struggles, and a climate of openness in which we feel more secure in sharing aspects of ourselves that would otherwise go unrecognized.

Through individual contributions to a climate of mutual support, community building and institutional policy developments, we can support processes that manifest and mitigate the kinds of vulnerability that are likely to be present in every context of interaction, including those that would otherwise be hidden. By doing so we will alleviate a form of everyday suffering through personal, community and above all institutional changes. Overall, these actions can create a climate of openness in which those of us who are vulnerable get to be present as our full and integrated selves for more of the time, rather than leaving some parts of ourselves in the closet, reserved for occasional events. I am determined to do this myself, so here I am: coming out again.

To effectively tackle climate change, the strategic management enterprise needs to fundamentally reinvent itself. In their Point, Bansal, Durand, Kreutzer, Kunisch and McGahan forcefully argue for such a turnaround and outline a ‘new strategy’ paradigm that integrates the constraints of planetary boundaries and Earth systems not as an afterthought, but as the basis of inquiry. This, however, doesn't come without fierce contestation, as shown by the Counterpoint by Foss and Klein and the further Counterpoint by Davis and DeWitt. In this introduction to the Point-Counterpoint debate on strategic management and climate change, we argue that this contestation is largely due to what we call three epistemic fault lines that cut through how strategy scholars understand climate change, devise possible solutions, and assume the relationship between theories and reality. We specify these fault lines and connect them to important avenues for future research that expand the strategic management conversation about climate change.

Bricolage is a critical strategy used by entrepreneurs to generate resources for new ventures in response to environmental threats that result in resource constraints. However, inconsistent findings exist. Whereas the predominant view in the bricolage literature suggests that resource-constrained or threatening environments motivate new ventures to bricolage to survive and thrive, some empirical evidence shows that some firms choose not to bricolage in such environments. This paper addresses the inconsistent findings by integrating regulatory fit theory with the bricolage literature, arguing that the effect of environmental threat on bricolage depends on entrepreneurs' dispositional regulatory focus. Data from a time-lagged survey of 396 Taiwanese entrepreneurs support our hypotheses. Our findings suggest that promotion (prevention) focus disposition is positively (negatively) related to bricolage. More importantly, both promotion and prevention foci weaken the effect of environmental threat on bricolage, serving as boundary conditions for this relationship. Finally, our additional analysis reveals gender differences in bricolage and the contingent effect of promotion focus disposition, enabling us to contribute to regulatory fit theory.