Infomat最新文献

The cover image showcases the application of a cutting-edge two-dimensional material in the electrocatalytic direct seawater splitting process. The central figure depicts an electrode made from this two-dimensional material, featuring easily accessible active sites that symbolize its high efficiency in seawater splitting. The surrounding gradient of green indicates the flow of seawater, while the light spheres around the electrode represent the bubbles of water molecules. The light blue and orange spheres signify the hydrogen and oxygen produced during the electrocatalytic process. The overall design emphasizes the crucial role of two-dimensional materials in advancing seawater splitting technology, suggesting potential for future sustainable energy production.

Prof. Yichun Liu et al. develop F&Al co-doped ZnO transparent conductive films that withstand temperatures above 500 °C and are ideal for extreme optoelectronic devices.

A flexible perovskite photodetector with room-temperature self-healing function without external trigger is developed. A crosslinked polyurethane network is filled to the grain boundary of perovskite film, which not only improves the crystal quality of perovskite and mechanical stability but also enables flexible perovskite photodetectors to self-heal at room temperature.

Developing intelligent electromagnetic wave (EMW) absorption materials with real-time response-ability is of great significance in complex application environments. Herein, highly compressible Fe@CNFs@Co/C elastic aerogels were assembled through the electrospinning method, achieving EMW absorption through pressure changes. By varying the pressure, the effective absorption bandwidth (EAB) of Fe@CNFs@Co/C elastic aerogels shows continuous changes from low frequency to high frequency. The EAB of Fe@CNFs@Co/C elastic aerogels is 14.4 GHz (3.36–17.76 GHz), which covers 90% of the range of S/C/X/Ku bands. The theoretical simulation indicates that the external pressure prompts a reduction in the spacing between the fiber layers in the aerogels and facilitates the formation of a 3D conductive network with enhanced attenuation ability of EMW. The uniform distribution of metal particles and appropriate layer spacing can effectively optimize the impedance matching to achieve the best EMW absorption performance. This work state clearly that the hierarchically assembled elastic aerogels composed of metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) derivatives and carbon fibers are ideal dynamic EMW absorption materials for intelligent EMW response.

Emerging freestanding membrane technologies, especially using inorganic thermoelectric materials, demonstrate the potential for advanced thermoelectric platforms. However, using rare and toxic elements during material processing must be circumvented. Herein, we present a scalable method for synthesizing highly crystalline CuS membranes for thermoelectric applications. By sulfurizing crystalline Cu, we produce a highly percolated and easily transferable network of submicron CuS rods. The CuS membrane effectively separates thermal and electrical properties to achieve a power factor of 0.50 mW m⁻¹ K⁻² and thermal conductivity of 0.37 W m⁻¹ K⁻¹ at 650 K (estimated value). This yields a record-high dimensionless figure-of-merit of 0.91 at 650 K (estimated value) for covellite. Moreover, integrating 12 CuS devices into a module resulted in a power generation of ~4 μW at ΔT of 40 K despite using a straightforward configuration with only p-type CuS. Furthermore, based on the temperature-dependent electrical characteristics of CuS, we develop a wearable temperature sensor with antibacterial properties.

Over the past 10 years, perovskite solar cell (PSC) device technologies have advanced remarkably and exhibited a notable increase in efficiency. Additionally, significant innovation approaches have improved the stability related to heat, light, and moisture of PSC devices. Despite these developments in PSCs, the instability of PSCs is a pressing problem and an urgent matter to overcome for practical application. Recently, polymers have been suggested suggestion has been presented to solve the instability issues of PSCs and increase the photovoltaic parameters of devices. Here, first, the fundamental chemical bond types of self-healing polymers are presented. Then, a comprehensive presentation of the ability of self-healing polymers in rigid and flexible PSCs to enhance the various physical, mechanical, and optoelectronic properties is presented. Furthermore, valuable insights and innovative solutions for perovskite-based optoelectronics with self-healing polymers are provided, offering guidance for future optoelectronic applications.

Applying catalysts for electrochemical energy conversion holds great promise for developing clean and sustainable energy sources. One of the main advantages of electrocatalysis is its ability to reduce conversion energy loss significantly. However, the wide application of electrocatalysts in these conversion processes has been hindered by poor catalytic performance and limited resources of catalyst materials. To overcome these challenges, researchers have turned to two-dimensional (2D) materials, which possess large specific surface areas and can easily be engineered to have desirable electronic structures, making them promising candidates for high-performance electrocatalysis in various reactions. This comprehensive review focuses on engineering novel 2D material-based electrocatalysts and their application to seawater splitting. The review briefly introduces the mechanism of seawater splitting and the primary challenges of 2D materials. Then, we highlight the unique advantages and regulating strategies for seawater electrolysis based on recent advancements. We also review various 2D catalyst families for direct seawater splitting and delve into the physicochemical properties of these catalysts to provide valuable insights. Finally, we outline the vital future challenges and discuss the perspectives on seawater electrolysis. This review provides valuable insights for the rational design and development of cutting-edge 2D material electrocatalysts for seawater-electrolysis applications.

The all-solid-state battery (ASSB) concept promises increases in energy density and safety; consequently recent research has focused on optimizing each component of an ideal fully solid battery. However, by doing so, one can also lose oversight of how significantly the individual components impact key parameters. Although this review presents a variety of materials, the included studies limit electrolyte-separator choices to those that are either fully commercial or whose ingredients are readily available; their thicknesses are predefined by the manufacturer or the studies in which they are included. However, we nevertheless discuss both electrode materials. Apart from typical materials, the list of anode materials includes energy-dense candidates, such as lithium metal, or anode-free approaches that are already used in Li-ion batteries. The cathode composition of an ASSB contains a fraction of the solid electrolyte, in addition to the active material and binders/plasticizers, to improve ionic conductivity. Apart from the general screening of reported composites, promising composite cathodes together with constant-thickness separators and metallic lithium anodes are the basis for studying theoretically achievable gravimetric energy densities. The results suggest that procurable oxide electrolytes in the forms of thick pellets (>300 μm) are unable to surpass the performance of already commercially available Li-ion batteries. All-solid-state cells are already capable of exceeding the performance of current batteries with energy densities of 250 Wh kg⁻¹ by pairing composite cathodes with high mass loadings and using separators that are less than 150 μm thick, with even thinner electrolytes (20 μm) delivering more than 350 Wh kg⁻¹.

Dual-band photodetectors exhibit considerable advantages in target discrimination and navigation compared to single-band devices in complex circumstances. However, it remains a major challenge to overcome the limitations of traditional devices in terms of their integration with multiple light-absorbing layers and complicated optical components. In this study, a visible and near-infrared (NIR) dual-band polarimetric photodetector with a single light-absorbing layer is constructed by utilizing the distinctive conversion of linear dichroism (LD) polarity in two-dimensional niobium trisulfide (NbS₃). The NbS₃ photodetector exhibits selective detection behaviors in the visible and NIR bands, in which by switching the polarization angle of the incident light from 0° to 90°, photocurrent decreases in the visible region, and increases in the NIR region. Specifically, the degrees of linear polarization of photocurrent are 0.59 at 450 nm and −0.47 at 1300 nm, respectively. The opposite photoresponse in the visible and NIR bands of the photodetector significantly enhances the dual-band information recognition. Therefore, clear visible and NIR dual-band polarimetric imaging is accurately realized based on the NbS₃ photodetector taking advantage of its fast response speed of 28 μs. Such anisotropic materials, with unique LD conversion features, can facilitate selective modulation between the visible and NIR spectral ranges and promote the development of next-generation multi-dimensional photodetection for various applications, including com/puter vision, surveillance, and biomedical imaging.

Frequent heat waves and cold spells pose threats to human survival. Herein, we develop a multifunctional all-nanofiber cloth with physiological signal monitoring and personal thermal management capabilities through facile fiber electrospinning and ink printing techniques. The double-sided fabric mat of a thick carbon nanotube network with high solar absorption on top of a thermoplastic polyurethane nanofiber substrate with high solar reflectivity and mid-infrared emissivity offers a contrary thermal management effect of heating or cooling by opposite wearing mode. The integrated fabric strain and temperature sensors for health status evaluation through monitoring physiological signals of respiration and body temperature. By wearing a T-shirt tailored by the developed electronic cloth, the wearer's skin temperature can be actively regulated with cooling by 5.4°C and warming by 3.0°C in hot and cold environments compared to normal clothing, respectively. This platform can inspire further studies in wearable multifunctional permeable electronics.