Pub Date : 2023-08-31DOI: 10.28983/asj.y2023i8pp41-48
Elena Ivanovna Ovsyannikova, Marina Nikolaevna Berim
The purpose of this work was to study the species composition, the dynamics of aphid abundance in vegetable agrocenoses of the Pushkin district of St. Petersburg, as well as Tosnensky and Gatchina districts of the Leningrad region in the conditions of 2021-2022, significantly differing in weather conditions. The catching of insects was carried out using a Malaise trap. In total, during the two-year monitoring period, 40 species of aphids were registrated in the three studied agrocenoses, of which 28 are pests of agricultural crops. The total number of identified species in 2021 was 9 in each of the three research areas; the total number of captured insects was 99. At the end of May – beginning of June, the migration potential of aphids was high, active migration to secondary hosts was observed, however, abnormally high daytime temperatures in June – July with minimal precipitation had a detrimental effect on phytophages. In the weather conditions favorable for the development of aphids during the growing season of 2022, 11 species of aphids were caught in the Pushkinsky district of St. Petersburg, 12 in the Gatchina district, 20 in the Tosnensky district, that is, an increase in the species composition of phytophages was 2.2 times compared to 2021. In 2022, 279 individuals were registered; the largest number of insects was noted in the Tosnensky district – 171. In all the studied agrocenoses, the most numerous of the harmful species was the gray svidin-cereal aphid Anoecia corni F., damaging the roots of perennial grasses (the maximum number of 128 individuals in the Tosnensky district in 2022). A significant number in the same year was observed in the pea Acyrthosiphon pisum Harr., as well as in the cabbage aphid Brevicoryne brassicae L. Quite rare species of aphids for the North-Western region were recorded in the agrocenosis of the Pushkin district: Oxton and maple aphids. The pink tansy aphid was registered only in the Tosno agrocenosis in June 2022. The Malaise trap proved to be convenient to work with, since it is not stationary, can be installed anywhere in any agrocenosis. It can be recommended to use it, first of all, to assess the species diversity of insects, and secondly, to estimate the number.
{"title":"Species composition and aphid population seasonal dynamics in vegetable agrocenoses of St. Petersburg and Leningrad region","authors":"Elena Ivanovna Ovsyannikova, Marina Nikolaevna Berim","doi":"10.28983/asj.y2023i8pp41-48","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.28983/asj.y2023i8pp41-48","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this work was to study the species composition, the dynamics of aphid abundance in vegetable agrocenoses of the Pushkin district of St. Petersburg, as well as Tosnensky and Gatchina districts of the Leningrad region in the conditions of 2021-2022, significantly differing in weather conditions. The catching of insects was carried out using a Malaise trap. In total, during the two-year monitoring period, 40 species of aphids were registrated in the three studied agrocenoses, of which 28 are pests of agricultural crops. The total number of identified species in 2021 was 9 in each of the three research areas; the total number of captured insects was 99. At the end of May – beginning of June, the migration potential of aphids was high, active migration to secondary hosts was observed, however, abnormally high daytime temperatures in June – July with minimal precipitation had a detrimental effect on phytophages. In the weather conditions favorable for the development of aphids during the growing season of 2022, 11 species of aphids were caught in the Pushkinsky district of St. Petersburg, 12 in the Gatchina district, 20 in the Tosnensky district, that is, an increase in the species composition of phytophages was 2.2 times compared to 2021. In 2022, 279 individuals were registered; the largest number of insects was noted in the Tosnensky district – 171. In all the studied agrocenoses, the most numerous of the harmful species was the gray svidin-cereal aphid Anoecia corni F., damaging the roots of perennial grasses (the maximum number of 128 individuals in the Tosnensky district in 2022). A significant number in the same year was observed in the pea Acyrthosiphon pisum Harr., as well as in the cabbage aphid Brevicoryne brassicae L. Quite rare species of aphids for the North-Western region were recorded in the agrocenosis of the Pushkin district: Oxton and maple aphids. The pink tansy aphid was registered only in the Tosno agrocenosis in June 2022. The Malaise trap proved to be convenient to work with, since it is not stationary, can be installed anywhere in any agrocenosis. It can be recommended to use it, first of all, to assess the species diversity of insects, and secondly, to estimate the number.","PeriodicalId":485427,"journal":{"name":"Аграрный научный журнал","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136036243","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-31DOI: 10.28983/asj.y2023i7pp102-105
Andrey Konstantinovich Aksenov, Ivan Konstantinovich Kotskiy
The paper presents the results of studies of the influence of the angle of inclination on the thermal resistance of glass light structures of agricultural buildings. For experimental studies, a special refrigerating chamber was used, in which one of the walls is made in the form of a double-glazed window. The camera tilted towards the light structure. With the help of heat meters installed on the surface of the glass, the value of the heat flux was measured. Both single-chamber and double-glazed windows were tested. Based on the experimental data obtained, a calculated dependence is proposed for determining heat losses through external inclined light fences, including double-glazed windows.
{"title":"Study of the influence of the angle of inclination on the thermal resistance of glass light structures of agricultural buildings","authors":"Andrey Konstantinovich Aksenov, Ivan Konstantinovich Kotskiy","doi":"10.28983/asj.y2023i7pp102-105","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.28983/asj.y2023i7pp102-105","url":null,"abstract":"The paper presents the results of studies of the influence of the angle of inclination on the thermal resistance of glass light structures of agricultural buildings. For experimental studies, a special refrigerating chamber was used, in which one of the walls is made in the form of a double-glazed window. The camera tilted towards the light structure. With the help of heat meters installed on the surface of the glass, the value of the heat flux was measured. Both single-chamber and double-glazed windows were tested. Based on the experimental data obtained, a calculated dependence is proposed for determining heat losses through external inclined light fences, including double-glazed windows.","PeriodicalId":485427,"journal":{"name":"Аграрный научный журнал","volume":"58 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135359014","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-31DOI: 10.28983/asj.y2023i7pp62-68
Vladimir Valentinovich Kiyashko
At the present stage, the mode of functioning of the reservoir does not allow to fully realize its potential fish productivity. The article provides generalized information on the main parameters of the receiving capacity of the Penza (Sursky) reservoir. The reserves of feed resources in the reservoir are determined, on the basis of which the fish species, the volumes of immigration are recommended and the forecast of the results of the immigration is given. To improve the ecological condition of the reservoir, a set of reclamation measures is recommended. The immigration of valuable fish species in the volume corresponding to the receiving capacity will allow one to produce additional production of up to 140 tons of fish products.
{"title":"Ways to increase fish productivity in Penza (Sursky) reservoir","authors":"Vladimir Valentinovich Kiyashko","doi":"10.28983/asj.y2023i7pp62-68","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.28983/asj.y2023i7pp62-68","url":null,"abstract":"At the present stage, the mode of functioning of the reservoir does not allow to fully realize its potential fish productivity. The article provides generalized information on the main parameters of the receiving capacity of the Penza (Sursky) reservoir. The reserves of feed resources in the reservoir are determined, on the basis of which the fish species, the volumes of immigration are recommended and the forecast of the results of the immigration is given. To improve the ecological condition of the reservoir, a set of reclamation measures is recommended. The immigration of valuable fish species in the volume corresponding to the receiving capacity will allow one to produce additional production of up to 140 tons of fish products.","PeriodicalId":485427,"journal":{"name":"Аграрный научный журнал","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135359045","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-31DOI: 10.28983/asj.y2023i7pp22-28
Olga Viktorovna Levakova
The article presents the results of research conducted in the collection nursery of spring barley in the conditions in 2020–2022. The purpose of the research is to identify economically valuable traits and calculate breeding indices of selected sources of spring barley of different ecological and geographical origin in the conditions of the forest–steppe zone of the Ryazan region for inclusion in the hybridization program. It was revealed that the varieties Reliable (RF) and Dzivosny (Belarus) had the highest productivity in the conditions of the region with an average yield of 6.48 and 6.40 t/ha, respectively. It was found that the shortest straw had the German varieties KVS Vermont and Ellinor, whose height is in the range of 63-67 cm and varies little over the years of research (CV, % = 3.9 ...6.0). According to the length of the ear, the varieties Bente (Germany) (8.2 cm), Jaromir and Noble (8.0 cm) (RF) stood out. It was revealed that the maximum number of grains in the ear is formed by the Yaromir and Noble varieties – 23.7 pcs. and 23.4 pcs., respectively. According to grain size, the varieties Kufal, Raider (Belarus) and Bente were distinguished, having a mass of 1000 grains of more than 50.0 g. When calculating the breeding indices, it was found that the productivity of domestic varieties was influenced by the Canadian Ki index (r= +0.829) and the harvest index of KHOZ, % (r= +0.559), the Belarusian varieties of the IPPR plant productivity index (r= +0.478), German varieties Ki (r= +0.747) and the linear density index ear of LPC (r = +0.604). On average, according to the number of selected indices, the Noble and Dzivosny varieties come out on top – the maximum indicators for three indices, Yaromir (RF), Ataman (Belarus), KVS Harris, KVS Vermont, Beatrice (Germany) – in second place – for two indices. The varieties of spring barley distinguished by the individual studied positive signs and their complex are recommended for use in breeding programs.
{"title":"Economically valuable characteristics and breeding indices of spring barley varieties of different ecological and geographical origin in the conditions of the Ryazan region","authors":"Olga Viktorovna Levakova","doi":"10.28983/asj.y2023i7pp22-28","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.28983/asj.y2023i7pp22-28","url":null,"abstract":"The article presents the results of research conducted in the collection nursery of spring barley in the conditions in 2020–2022. The purpose of the research is to identify economically valuable traits and calculate breeding indices of selected sources of spring barley of different ecological and geographical origin in the conditions of the forest–steppe zone of the Ryazan region for inclusion in the hybridization program. It was revealed that the varieties Reliable (RF) and Dzivosny (Belarus) had the highest productivity in the conditions of the region with an average yield of 6.48 and 6.40 t/ha, respectively. It was found that the shortest straw had the German varieties KVS Vermont and Ellinor, whose height is in the range of 63-67 cm and varies little over the years of research (CV, % = 3.9 ...6.0). According to the length of the ear, the varieties Bente (Germany) (8.2 cm), Jaromir and Noble (8.0 cm) (RF) stood out. It was revealed that the maximum number of grains in the ear is formed by the Yaromir and Noble varieties – 23.7 pcs. and 23.4 pcs., respectively. According to grain size, the varieties Kufal, Raider (Belarus) and Bente were distinguished, having a mass of 1000 grains of more than 50.0 g. When calculating the breeding indices, it was found that the productivity of domestic varieties was influenced by the Canadian Ki index (r= +0.829) and the harvest index of KHOZ, % (r= +0.559), the Belarusian varieties of the IPPR plant productivity index (r= +0.478), German varieties Ki (r= +0.747) and the linear density index ear of LPC (r = +0.604). On average, according to the number of selected indices, the Noble and Dzivosny varieties come out on top – the maximum indicators for three indices, Yaromir (RF), Ataman (Belarus), KVS Harris, KVS Vermont, Beatrice (Germany) – in second place – for two indices. The varieties of spring barley distinguished by the individual studied positive signs and their complex are recommended for use in breeding programs.","PeriodicalId":485427,"journal":{"name":"Аграрный научный журнал","volume":"33 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135357479","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-31DOI: 10.28983/asj.y2023i7pp11-16
Anatoly Vasilievich Gryazkin, Olga Ivanovna Gavrilova, Kirill Valerievich Gostev
The article deals with the issues of accelerated seed germination by using the method of seed preparation by soaking in plasma-activated water. With different methods of stimulating the germination of the seed embryo, the effect of "cold" plasma on it is considered the most promising. Plasma-treated water (OPV) was obtained using a specially designed apparatus for influencing water with a high frequency and power current. The water treatment time was 2 and 4 minutes. First, the plasma-activated water had different acidity indicators from ordinary water. The recovery of the OPV acidity level was from 2 to 4 days. Seeds large and small (less than 5 mm) reacted differently to soaking in water treated in low-temperature plasma. For crops with seeds less than 5 mm long, water treated for 2 minutes in a 50% concentration can be offered for soaking. Some fungicidal effect of water treated with plasma was revealed. The seeds soaked in water treated for 4 minutes were least damaged by mold fungi. The most severe damage by fungi was caused by wheat and quinoa seeds.
{"title":"The influence of plasma-treated water on the germination of agricultural seeds","authors":"Anatoly Vasilievich Gryazkin, Olga Ivanovna Gavrilova, Kirill Valerievich Gostev","doi":"10.28983/asj.y2023i7pp11-16","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.28983/asj.y2023i7pp11-16","url":null,"abstract":"The article deals with the issues of accelerated seed germination by using the method of seed preparation by soaking in plasma-activated water. With different methods of stimulating the germination of the seed embryo, the effect of \"cold\" plasma on it is considered the most promising. Plasma-treated water (OPV) was obtained using a specially designed apparatus for influencing water with a high frequency and power current. The water treatment time was 2 and 4 minutes. First, the plasma-activated water had different acidity indicators from ordinary water. The recovery of the OPV acidity level was from 2 to 4 days. Seeds large and small (less than 5 mm) reacted differently to soaking in water treated in low-temperature plasma. For crops with seeds less than 5 mm long, water treated for 2 minutes in a 50% concentration can be offered for soaking. Some fungicidal effect of water treated with plasma was revealed. The seeds soaked in water treated for 4 minutes were least damaged by mold fungi. The most severe damage by fungi was caused by wheat and quinoa seeds.","PeriodicalId":485427,"journal":{"name":"Аграрный научный журнал","volume":"34 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135357492","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-31DOI: 10.28983/asj.y2023i7pp136-142
Roman Yurievich Dobretsov, Sergey Aleksandrovich Voinash, Ramil Ravilievich Zagidullin, Victoria Aleksandrovna Sokolova, Roman Sergeevich Timokhov, Sergey Aleksandrovich Korol
The issues of the features of the use of active trailers as part of road trains of forest machines are considered. The principles of constructing a block diagram, determining external parameters and synthesizing kinematic diagrams of the mechanical part of the electromechanical transmission of an active trailer are proposed. A variant of the kinematic scheme of the power distribution mechanism is given. A technology for controlling such mechanisms is proposed. The ways of project realization are shown.
{"title":"Electromechanical transmission for active release trailer","authors":"Roman Yurievich Dobretsov, Sergey Aleksandrovich Voinash, Ramil Ravilievich Zagidullin, Victoria Aleksandrovna Sokolova, Roman Sergeevich Timokhov, Sergey Aleksandrovich Korol","doi":"10.28983/asj.y2023i7pp136-142","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.28983/asj.y2023i7pp136-142","url":null,"abstract":"The issues of the features of the use of active trailers as part of road trains of forest machines are considered. The principles of constructing a block diagram, determining external parameters and synthesizing kinematic diagrams of the mechanical part of the electromechanical transmission of an active trailer are proposed. A variant of the kinematic scheme of the power distribution mechanism is given. A technology for controlling such mechanisms is proposed. The ways of project realization are shown.","PeriodicalId":485427,"journal":{"name":"Аграрный научный журнал","volume":"94 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135357763","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-31DOI: 10.28983/asj.y2023i7pp56-61
Mikhail Igorevich Chistin, Svetlana Gennadievna Likhatskaya, Ivan Dmitrievich Eskov
The article presents data on the biological effectiveness of the use of the parasitic entomophage trichogram on corn crops to control the number of Helicoverpa armigera Hbn. In 2021, the average number of cotton scooper larvae was 7.4 per 100 plants. The double release of the trichogram on corn crops in 2021 made it possible to significantly reduce the number of phytophagous eggs. The biological efficiency of the first release of a parasitic insect averaged 42.6%, the second is 89.0%.
{"title":"The effectiveness of using a trichogram to protect corn from cotton scoops in the Left bank of the Saratov region","authors":"Mikhail Igorevich Chistin, Svetlana Gennadievna Likhatskaya, Ivan Dmitrievich Eskov","doi":"10.28983/asj.y2023i7pp56-61","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.28983/asj.y2023i7pp56-61","url":null,"abstract":"The article presents data on the biological effectiveness of the use of the parasitic entomophage trichogram on corn crops to control the number of Helicoverpa armigera Hbn. In 2021, the average number of cotton scooper larvae was 7.4 per 100 plants. The double release of the trichogram on corn crops in 2021 made it possible to significantly reduce the number of phytophagous eggs. The biological efficiency of the first release of a parasitic insect averaged 42.6%, the second is 89.0%.","PeriodicalId":485427,"journal":{"name":"Аграрный научный журнал","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135359038","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-31DOI: 10.28983/asj.y2023i7pp39-47
Vyacheslav Nikolaevich Timofeev, Aleksei Andreevich Yaroslavtsev, Lubov Anatolievna Kolchina, Tatiana Ivanovna Aleksanina, Tatiana Dmitrievna Babushkina, Olga Anatolievna Vyushina
. Studies on the stability of resistance to leaf stock, crop productivity, the boundaries of different morphotypes of grain-oriented peas and the assessment of protection methods were carried out in the conditions of the northern forest-steppe of the Tyumen region. During the growing season, according to the indicators of peas, leaf-stem diseases are observed with different rates of development and timing of manifestation (Ascochyta, p. Uromyces, p. Erysiphe communis G). The development of diseases in allergic years is long: ascochitosis (p. Ascochyta) - 10-20%, powdery rose (p. Erysiphe communis) - 11-49%, rust (p. Uromyces) - 0.2-20%. The smallest damage of 5.5-6.6% was observed on the lines TM 12-158, 12-160, 12-162, 06-452, 12-214, 09-280 or 11% of the entire set of varieties studied. To powdery mildew, 22% of varieties note a decrease in disease damage by 10%, and especially line TM 12-214. Reduced rust damage was noted in 14% of varieties (Tomas, ТМ-06-257, ТМ-06-455, ТМ-07-336 - 6.6-8.8%). The manifestation of diseases depends on weather conditions, the directed use of the morphotype, and the genetic resistance of the variety. The yield for the period of study of pea varieties of the sowing grain direction varied from 3.5 to 4.6 t/ha, stable yields in the cultivar samples of the morphogroup chameleon with a significant increase of 0.58-0.72 t/ha. The study of comparative pea protection schemes showed the mandatory need for pre-sowing seed treatment using chemical dressing, biological preparations, agrochemicals, where there is a positive effect on the development of the root system, growth vigor, and a 70-80% reduction in pathogenic fungi on seeds and roots. During the growing season, the use of one fungicidal treatment was more economical, environmentally friendly and contributed to the preservation of the yield of 0.3-0.4 t/ha.
{"title":"Diseases and productivity of peas for grain sowing in the conditions of the Tyumen region","authors":"Vyacheslav Nikolaevich Timofeev, Aleksei Andreevich Yaroslavtsev, Lubov Anatolievna Kolchina, Tatiana Ivanovna Aleksanina, Tatiana Dmitrievna Babushkina, Olga Anatolievna Vyushina","doi":"10.28983/asj.y2023i7pp39-47","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.28983/asj.y2023i7pp39-47","url":null,"abstract":". Studies on the stability of resistance to leaf stock, crop productivity, the boundaries of different morphotypes of grain-oriented peas and the assessment of protection methods were carried out in the conditions of the northern forest-steppe of the Tyumen region. During the growing season, according to the indicators of peas, leaf-stem diseases are observed with different rates of development and timing of manifestation (Ascochyta, p. Uromyces, p. Erysiphe communis G). The development of diseases in allergic years is long: ascochitosis (p. Ascochyta) - 10-20%, powdery rose (p. Erysiphe communis) - 11-49%, rust (p. Uromyces) - 0.2-20%. The smallest damage of 5.5-6.6% was observed on the lines TM 12-158, 12-160, 12-162, 06-452, 12-214, 09-280 or 11% of the entire set of varieties studied. To powdery mildew, 22% of varieties note a decrease in disease damage by 10%, and especially line TM 12-214. Reduced rust damage was noted in 14% of varieties (Tomas, ТМ-06-257, ТМ-06-455, ТМ-07-336 - 6.6-8.8%). The manifestation of diseases depends on weather conditions, the directed use of the morphotype, and the genetic resistance of the variety. The yield for the period of study of pea varieties of the sowing grain direction varied from 3.5 to 4.6 t/ha, stable yields in the cultivar samples of the morphogroup chameleon with a significant increase of 0.58-0.72 t/ha. The study of comparative pea protection schemes showed the mandatory need for pre-sowing seed treatment using chemical dressing, biological preparations, agrochemicals, where there is a positive effect on the development of the root system, growth vigor, and a 70-80% reduction in pathogenic fungi on seeds and roots. During the growing season, the use of one fungicidal treatment was more economical, environmentally friendly and contributed to the preservation of the yield of 0.3-0.4 t/ha.","PeriodicalId":485427,"journal":{"name":"Аграрный научный журнал","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135357455","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
To increase the production of meat productivity, it is necessary to improve the genetic resources of sheep. The purpose of this work was to establish the allelic spectrum of meat productivity genes in sheep of the Kalmyk Kalmyk short-tailed breed and crossbreeds with a blood type of ? dorper + ? Kalmyk short-tailed breed. The object of the study was sheep raised by the farm "Arl" of the Yashkul district of the Republic of Kalmykia. Blood samples (5 ml each) were taken from random sheep of the Kalmyk short-tailed breed (n = 14) and crossbreeds with a blood density of ? dorper + ? Kalmyk short-tailed breed (n = 12) from the jugular vein into a test tube with ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA). The PCR-PDRF method determined the allelic spectrum of genes: differential growth factor (GDF9), calpastatin (CAST), somatotropin (growth hormone (GH)), in Kalmyk sheepdogs and crossbreeds with a blood type of ? dorper + Kalmyk short-tailed breed. The methods of genetic and statistical analysis in the studied samples of sheep revealed complex genotypes for the studied marker genes. By genetic and statistical methods of analysis, it was found that the proportion of animals that had the desired complex genotype according to the studied genes in sheep of the Kalmyk chicken breed, including – 1 marker allele in three genes (GDF9AG/CTMM/GHAA and GDF9GG/CASTMN/GHAA), was 28.6%, in turn, in crossbreeds with a blood type of ? dorper + A combination of 2 marker alleles of three genes (GDF9AG/CASTMN/GHAA) appeared in the Kalmyk short-tailed breed - 33.3%, a combination of the 1st marker allele in three genes - 50.0%. It is concluded that the crossing of Kalmyk sheep of the Kurdyuk breed with sheep-producers of the Dorper breed, carrying alleles desirable for breeding in their genome, can have a positive effect on increasing the productivity of crossbreed livestock.
{"title":"The allelic spectrum of the GDF9/BSTHHI, CAST/MSPI, GH/HAEIII genes in Kal-myk short-tailed sheep and crossbreeds with a blood type of ? dorper + ? Kalmyk short-tailed breed","authors":"Vladimir Anikeevich Pogodaev, Evgenia Semenovna Surzhikova, Daria Dmitrievna Evlagina, Anatoly Nimeevich Arilov","doi":"10.28983/asj.y2023i7pp81-85","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.28983/asj.y2023i7pp81-85","url":null,"abstract":"To increase the production of meat productivity, it is necessary to improve the genetic resources of sheep. The purpose of this work was to establish the allelic spectrum of meat productivity genes in sheep of the Kalmyk Kalmyk short-tailed breed and crossbreeds with a blood type of ? dorper + ? Kalmyk short-tailed breed. The object of the study was sheep raised by the farm \"Arl\" of the Yashkul district of the Republic of Kalmykia. Blood samples (5 ml each) were taken from random sheep of the Kalmyk short-tailed breed (n = 14) and crossbreeds with a blood density of ? dorper + ? Kalmyk short-tailed breed (n = 12) from the jugular vein into a test tube with ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA). The PCR-PDRF method determined the allelic spectrum of genes: differential growth factor (GDF9), calpastatin (CAST), somatotropin (growth hormone (GH)), in Kalmyk sheepdogs and crossbreeds with a blood type of ? dorper + Kalmyk short-tailed breed. The methods of genetic and statistical analysis in the studied samples of sheep revealed complex genotypes for the studied marker genes. By genetic and statistical methods of analysis, it was found that the proportion of animals that had the desired complex genotype according to the studied genes in sheep of the Kalmyk chicken breed, including – 1 marker allele in three genes (GDF9AG/CTMM/GHAA and GDF9GG/CASTMN/GHAA), was 28.6%, in turn, in crossbreeds with a blood type of ? dorper + A combination of 2 marker alleles of three genes (GDF9AG/CASTMN/GHAA) appeared in the Kalmyk short-tailed breed - 33.3%, a combination of the 1st marker allele in three genes - 50.0%. It is concluded that the crossing of Kalmyk sheep of the Kurdyuk breed with sheep-producers of the Dorper breed, carrying alleles desirable for breeding in their genome, can have a positive effect on increasing the productivity of crossbreed livestock.","PeriodicalId":485427,"journal":{"name":"Аграрный научный журнал","volume":"64 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135357463","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The article presents the results of a study of microhardness and wear resistance of electroplated coatings based on zinc, with the inclusion of Al2O3 nanosized particles in the composition. It has been established that when nano-sized powders are introduced into galvanizing electrolytes, there is a change in microhardness and wear resistance. Thus, when adding from 1 to 9 g/l of Al2O3 nanosized materials to the electrolyte, the microhardness of the resulting coating increased by 10–65%. The best results were obtained for the coating modified with nanosized particles with a concentration of 5 g/l - 657 HV units. Wear resistance tests showed that the total wear of specimens coated with nanocomposite galvanized zinc is 1.5–1.7 times less than that of specimens coated without adding nanosized aluminum oxide particles to the electrolyte.
{"title":"Influence of nanosized particles on physical and mechanical properties of galvanic zinc coating","authors":"Pavel Aleksandrovich Gorbushin, Valentin Vladimirovich Safonov, Sergey Aleksandrovich Шишурин, Vadim Viktorovich Venskaitis","doi":"10.28983/asj.y2023i7pp159-165","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.28983/asj.y2023i7pp159-165","url":null,"abstract":"The article presents the results of a study of microhardness and wear resistance of electroplated coatings based on zinc, with the inclusion of Al2O3 nanosized particles in the composition. It has been established that when nano-sized powders are introduced into galvanizing electrolytes, there is a change in microhardness and wear resistance. Thus, when adding from 1 to 9 g/l of Al2O3 nanosized materials to the electrolyte, the microhardness of the resulting coating increased by 10–65%. The best results were obtained for the coating modified with nanosized particles with a concentration of 5 g/l - 657 HV units. Wear resistance tests showed that the total wear of specimens coated with nanocomposite galvanized zinc is 1.5–1.7 times less than that of specimens coated without adding nanosized aluminum oxide particles to the electrolyte.","PeriodicalId":485427,"journal":{"name":"Аграрный научный журнал","volume":"139 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135359018","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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