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Qualitative Research in Sport Exercise and Health最新文献

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Beyond life-skills: talented athletes, existential learning and (Un)learning the life of an athlete 超越生活技能:有天赋的运动员,存在学习和(Un)学习运动员的生活
IF 4.9 2区 医学 Q1 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2022-02-23 DOI: 10.1080/2159676X.2022.2037694
N. Ronkainen, K. Aggerholm, Jacquelyn Allen-Collinson, T. Ryba
ABSTRACT Following developments in educational discourse more broadly, learning discourses in youth sport have been shaped by outcome-based and instrumental goals of developing useful life-skills for ‘successful’ lives. There is, however, a need to expand such traditional understandings of sport-based youth development, which we undertook by exploring existential learning in sport through encountering discontinuity. We conducted in-depth qualitative research with 16 Finnish athletes (seven men/nine women, aged 19–20), five of whom had recently disengaged from the athlete development pathway. In the interviews, we used creative non-fiction vignettes to invite reflections on learning experiences in sport. Although participants reported having learnt many useful skills commonly associated with positive youth development discourses (e.g. goal setting, time-management), many also provided rich descriptions of other, important ‘life lessons’. These involved developing awareness of their bodily limitations, the nature of social relationships, and what it was like to live the life of an elite athlete. The findings revealed problematic features of (elite) sport cultures but also showed that encountering discontinuity could be beneficial as an important trigger for existential reflection, clarification of values, and a search for alternative ways of living.
摘要随着更广泛的教育话语的发展,青少年体育中的学习话语已被基于结果的工具性目标所塑造,即为“成功”的生活培养有用的生活技能。然而,有必要扩大对以体育为基础的青年发展的传统理解,我们通过在遇到不连续性的情况下探索体育中的生存学习来实现这一理解。我们对16名芬兰运动员(7名男性/9名女性,年龄19-20岁)进行了深入的定性研究,其中5人最近脱离了运动员发展道路。在采访中,我们使用了富有创意的非小说小插曲来邀请人们反思体育运动中的学习经历。尽管参与者报告说,他们学习了许多与积极的青年发展话语相关的有用技能(如目标设定、时间管理),但许多人也对其他重要的“人生课程”进行了丰富的描述。这些包括培养对自己身体局限性、社会关系性质以及精英运动员生活的认识。研究结果揭示了(精英)体育文化的问题特征,但也表明,遇到不连续性可能是有益的,因为它是反思存在、澄清价值观和寻找替代生活方式的重要触发因素。
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引用次数: 5
Exploring the feasibility and acceptability of a physical activity programme for individuals with serious mental illness: A case study 探索严重精神疾病患者体育活动计划的可行性和可接受性:一项案例研究
IF 4.9 2区 医学 Q1 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2022-02-22 DOI: 10.1080/2159676X.2021.2019098
Garcia Ashdown-Franks, M. deJonge, K. Arbour-Nicitopoulos, C. Sabiston
ABSTRACT Partnering with community agencies to implement physical activity (PA) interventions within the care for individuals with serious mental illness is important for improving the translation of research into practice. As such, a case study was conducted to explore individual participant experiences (N= 5, 60% male) and contextual circumstances that may influence the acceptability and feasibility of a pilot one-on-one 6-week PA intervention, within the broader context of a university-community organisation partnership. Interviews were conducted with participants and key implementation stakeholders (i.e. a community organisation stakeholder and a PA programme trainer). Deductive thematic analysis was used to identify themes related to programme feasibility and acceptability. Insights pertaining to programme development and delivery were reported to understand feasibility. Programme participants and key implementation stakeholders also described trainers, the gym environment/external collaboration, and the one-on-one, tailored nature of the programme as being key aspects of programme acceptability. These findings provide support for a university-community agency collaboration in the context of a PA intervention for mental illness. Suggestions for future community-based research are provided.
摘要与社区机构合作,在护理严重精神疾病患者的过程中实施体育活动(PA)干预措施,对于改进研究转化为实践非常重要。因此,进行了一项案例研究,以探索在大学-社区-组织伙伴关系的更广泛背景下,可能影响试点一对一6周PA干预的可接受性和可行性的个人参与者经历(N=5/60%男性)和背景环境。对参与者和主要实施利益相关者(即社区组织利益相关者和PA项目培训师)进行了访谈。使用演绎专题分析来确定与方案可行性和可接受性有关的专题。报告了与方案制定和执行有关的见解,以了解可行性。方案参与者和主要执行利益攸关方还将培训师、健身房环境/外部合作以及方案的一对一、量身定制的性质描述为方案可接受性的关键方面。这些发现为PA对精神疾病的干预背景下的大学-社区机构合作提供了支持。对未来基于社区的研究提出了建议。
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引用次数: 2
‘Cripping’ care in disability sport: an autoethnographic study of a highly impaired high-performance athlete 残疾运动中的“哭泣”护理:对一名高度受损的高性能运动员的民族志研究
IF 4.9 2区 医学 Q1 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2022-02-17 DOI: 10.1080/2159676X.2022.2037695
Amanda E. Lowry, R. Townsend, Kirsten Petrie, L. Johnston
ABSTRACT In this article we combine the fields of critical disability studies and the sociology of sport to disrupt and extend current understandings of athlete welfare and care. A focus on athlete welfare is producing heightened awareness of the need for institutional, structural and personal support for athletes. Notions of ‘care’ are proliferating in sport discourse, with sport organisations routinely described as having a ‘duty of care’ towards athletes. In high performance disability sport, however, the provision and arrangement of care is often based on a view of the disabled athlete as high functioning, autonomous and independent. This perspective is further complicated when considering the provision of care for people with high support needs. Drawing on cripistemology, we argue that a politics of knowledge confirms a certain squeamishness around care practices and care knowledge in disability sport. One of us – a high performance, highly impaired athlete in Aotearoa New Zealand, offers an autoethnographic account of her experiences of training and competing, illustrating the embodied and intimate care needed for her continued engagement in high performance sporting practices. In keeping with wider calls in critical disability studies to bring the study of the body and therefore impairment back into disability discourse, we offer this personal narrative to ‘crip’ care knowledge, focusing on the materiality of bodies as they intersect with sport. Finally, we argue that sport scholars, practitioners and governing bodies must consider the embodied care politics of disabled athletes in order to deepen understandings of impairment, inequalities, and social inclusion.
摘要在本文中,我们将批判性残疾研究和体育社会学领域相结合,以打破和扩展当前对运动员福利和护理的理解。对运动员福利的关注提高了人们对运动员需要机构、结构和个人支持的认识。“关心”的概念在体育话语中激增,体育组织经常被描述为对运动员负有“关心义务”。然而,在高性能残疾运动中,提供和安排护理往往是基于残疾运动员功能强大、自主和独立的观点。在考虑为有高度支持需求的人提供护理时,这种观点更加复杂。在批判主义的基础上,我们认为知识政治证实了残疾运动中对护理实践和护理知识的某种拘谨。我们中的一位——新西兰奥特亚的一名高性能、高度受损的运动员,提供了她训练和比赛经历的民族志描述,说明了她继续参与高性能体育训练所需的具体和亲密的照顾。为了与批判性残疾研究中更广泛的呼吁保持一致,即将对身体和损伤的研究重新纳入残疾话语,我们为“crip”护理知识提供了这种个人叙事,重点关注身体与运动交叉时的物质性。最后,我们认为,体育学者、从业者和管理机构必须考虑残疾运动员的具体照顾政治,以加深对残疾、不平等和社会包容的理解。
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引用次数: 5
Is doping really a problem? How sponsors make sense of a sport with a dubious image 兴奋剂真的是个问题吗?赞助商如何看待一项形象可疑的运动
IF 4.9 2区 医学 Q1 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2022-02-17 DOI: 10.1080/2159676X.2022.2037697
Ulrik Wagner, Kasper Roe Iversen
ABSTRACT Doping is claimed to create a negative image of sport, and of professional cycling in particular. Yet few studies have investigated interrelations between doping and sponsorships. Thus, this study aims to answer the question: How do company representatives make sense of sponsoring a sport like cycling with its dubious doping image? Theoretically informed by a sensemaking perspective and the strategy-as-practice approach, this interpretive study draws on sixteen semi-structured interviews with managers who, in the period between 1998 and 2016, were engaged in sponsoring professional Danish cycling. Findings reveal that cycling is more than just a sport with a dubious image as multiple frames such as sporting levels, existing business landscapes, personal interests and sport-for-all practices influence managers’ sensemaking. Furthermore, doping occasionally creates an advantage for sponsors. Accordingly, the study contributes to a research field dominated by quantitative marketing methodologies.
兴奋剂被认为会给体育运动,尤其是职业自行车运动带来负面形象。然而,很少有研究调查兴奋剂与赞助之间的相互关系。因此,本研究旨在回答这样一个问题:公司代表如何理解赞助像自行车这样带有可疑兴奋剂形象的运动?本解释性研究从理论角度出发,采用语义构建视角和战略即实践方法,对1998年至2016年期间从事赞助丹麦职业自行车运动的经理进行了16次半结构化访谈。调查结果显示,自行车不仅仅是一项具有可疑形象的运动,因为运动水平、现有商业格局、个人兴趣和全民运动实践等多种框架都会影响管理者的意义。此外,兴奋剂有时会给赞助商带来优势。因此,该研究为定量营销方法主导的研究领域做出了贡献。
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引用次数: 3
Teachers’ perceptions of barriers and facilitators of the school environment for physical activity in schoolchildren: a qualitative study 教师对学童体育活动的学校环境障碍和促进因素的看法:一项定性研究
IF 4.9 2区 医学 Q1 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2022-02-17 DOI: 10.1080/2159676X.2022.2037696
Vanesa Alcántara-Porcuna, M. Sánchez-López, M. Martínez-Andrés, V. Martínez-Vizcaíno, Abel Ruíz-Hermosa, Beatriz Rodríguez-Martín
ABSTRACT A qualitative study based on grounded theory was carried out to analyse the facilitators and barriers of the school environment for physical activity (PA) perceived by teachers at schools in Cuenca and Ciudad Real (Castilla La Mancha-Spain). The data were collected through semi-structured interviews. Three themes were identified, 1) facilitators and 2) barriers to PA and 3) initiatives to promote PA among school children. Facilitators were teachers’ positive attitudes, the benefits attributed to their practice, teachers’ support for the activities and being specialised in physical education, considering the school as a good place to promote physical activity, facilitating elements of the curriculum and the built environment, support from the management team and organised breaks. Barriers were teachers who fail to support activities, reasons for not doing movement activities in class, devaluation of physical education, differences of opinion among teachers on the amount of physical education to be done, hindering factors in the curriculum, the built environment and classroom organisation, and unfavourable weather conditions. Raising awareness of the importance of PA, increasing the number of physical education and psychomotor skills sessions, training teachers in the use of active methodologies and organising reduced-cost or free extracurricular activities are essential steps to promote PA among schoolchildren in the school environment. It is important that the initiatives established to promote PA not only focus on establishing programmes that aim to increase the practice of PA among schoolchildren, but also to overcome barriers in the school environment, so that greater importance is given to the school elements that facilitate PA.
摘要基于扎根理论进行了一项定性研究,分析了昆卡和皇家城(西班牙卡斯蒂利亚-拉曼恰)学校教师对学校体育活动环境的促进因素和障碍。数据是通过半结构化访谈收集的。确定了三个主题,1)促进者和2)PA的障碍,以及3)在学童中促进PA的倡议。促进者包括教师的积极态度、实践带来的好处、教师对活动的支持和体育专业化、认为学校是促进体育活动的好地方、促进课程和建筑环境的元素、管理团队的支持和有组织的休息。障碍包括教师不支持活动、不在课堂上进行运动活动的原因、体育教育的贬值、教师之间对体育教育量的意见分歧、课程中的阻碍因素、建筑环境和课堂组织以及不利的天气条件。提高对PA重要性的认识,增加体育和心理运动技能课程的数量,培训教师使用积极的方法,组织低成本或免费的课外活动,这些都是在学校环境中在学童中推广PA的重要步骤。重要的是,为促进PA而制定的举措不仅侧重于制定旨在增加学童PA实践的方案,而且还应克服学校环境中的障碍,从而更加重视促进PA的学校因素。
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引用次数: 6
‘The man in the middle’: mixed martial arts referees and the production and management of socially desirable risk “中间的人”:综合格斗裁判和社会期望风险的生产和管理
IF 4.9 2区 医学 Q1 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2022-01-18 DOI: 10.1080/2159676X.2022.2027810
A. Channon
ABSTRACT Mixed martial arts (MMA) competition involves one-on-one, full-contact fighting, most often held within the spatial confines of a steel cage and in front of a paying audience. The spectacular entertainment value of this sport, as well as its intrinsic psychological appeal to competitors, is steeped in risk. While the perspectives of athletes and fans on this issue are reasonably well-researched, little is known about a crucial third party in the production and maintenance of risk in competitive fights: that of the referee. In this paper, I attempt to bridge this gap by arguing that referees’ work is centrally important in the construction of socially desirable forms of risk. Specifically, their role involves protecting fighters’ bodies from the damaging excesses of the action which otherwise constitutes the sport’s raison d’être in the eyes of competing athletes and paying fans; but at the same time, this action is something which referees themselves both facilitate and promote. As such, this work sees referees navigate a core tension residing at the heart of MMA, as with other high-risk sports: how and when to define dangerous action as either desirable or undesirable; as exciting or excessive. The paper concludes by highlighting some wider contextual factors shaping referees’ work, which may bear consideration in future studies of the production of risk in sport.
综合格斗(MMA)比赛包括一对一的全接触格斗,通常在一个钢铁笼子的空间范围内进行,并在付费观众面前进行。这项运动惊人的娱乐价值,以及它对竞争对手的内在心理吸引力,都充满了风险。虽然运动员和球迷在这个问题上的观点得到了相当充分的研究,但我们对竞技比赛中产生和维持风险的关键第三方——裁判——知之甚少。在本文中,我试图通过论证裁判员的工作在构建社会期望的风险形式中至关重要来弥合这一差距。具体来说,他们的角色包括保护运动员的身体免受过度伤害,否则就构成了这项运动在竞争运动员和付费粉丝眼中être的理由;但与此同时,这种行为也是裁判自己促成和推动的。因此,这项工作看到裁判员在MMA的核心位置上进行导航,就像其他高风险运动一样:如何以及何时将危险动作定义为可取或不可取;令人兴奋的或过分的本文最后强调了影响裁判工作的一些更广泛的背景因素,这些因素可能会在未来的体育风险产生研究中得到考虑。
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引用次数: 3
Different spokes for different folks: experiences with cycling and the bicycle from the perspective of variably-housed cyclists in Vancouver 不同的人,不同的辐条:从温哥华不同住房的骑自行车者的角度来看,骑自行车和自行车的经历
IF 4.9 2区 医学 Q1 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2022-01-13 DOI: 10.1080/2159676X.2021.2019099
Jeanette Steinmann, B. Wilson
ABSTRACT Bicycling is celebrated for being sustainable, healthy, and economical, and it has become popularised among urbanites in many cities. Literature on mobility and urban development tends to reflect these values, as do policies on transportation and sustainability in cities like Vancouver – where the bicycle’s role as a sustainable leisure activity and commuting strategy is commonly promoted. Often unrecognised in this literature and in policy are the many people experiencing homelessness, who sometimes cycle as their only transportation option, and who may ride bicycles for reasons that do not fit neatly in a leisure-commuter dichotomy. Responding to this gap, the study reported in this paper was concerned with discovering what cycling means to variably-housed people who ride bicycles in Vancouver’s Downtown Eastside neighbourhood, and how these meanings align (or do not align) with common depictions of cycling and cyclists in existing research and policy. Drawing from a set of in-depth (and sometimes ‘ride-along’) interviews, results indicated that participants cycled for a variety of reasons, including for informal work (recycling) and for personal mobility when walking proved difficult. Interviewees focused on the value of the bicycle for personal mobility and as a health aid, while expressing little attachment to their bicycles due to theft. By focusing on cycling-related practices and identities that exist outside the leisure-commuter dichotomy and with unique relationships with this dichotomy, this study informs literature concerning cycling and (in)equity, while highlighting the need for policy developments that account for the range of cycling identities.
摘要:骑自行车以其可持续、健康和经济而闻名,它在许多城市的城市居民中流行起来。关于流动性和城市发展的文献往往反映了这些价值观,温哥华等城市的交通和可持续发展政策也是如此——在温哥华,自行车作为一种可持续的休闲活动和通勤策略的作用得到了普遍推广。在这篇文献和政策中,许多无家可归的人往往没有得到承认,他们有时骑自行车是唯一的交通选择,他们可能会因为不符合休闲通勤二分法的原因而骑自行车。为了应对这一差距,本文报道的这项研究致力于发现骑自行车对温哥华市中心东区骑自行车的不同居住人群意味着什么,以及这些含义如何与现有研究和政策中对骑自行车和骑自行车者的常见描述一致(或不一致)。根据一系列深入(有时是“骑行”)的采访,结果表明,参与者骑行的原因多种多样,包括非正式工作(回收)和行走困难时的个人行动能力。受访者关注的是自行车对个人行动能力和健康援助的价值,而对被盗自行车几乎没有表示依恋。通过关注存在于休闲通勤二分法之外的自行车相关实践和身份,以及与这种二分法的独特关系,本研究为有关自行车和(在)公平的文献提供了信息,同时强调了制定政策以解释自行车身份范围的必要性。
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引用次数: 4
Techniques without Names - Methodological Provocations from a Judo Dojo 没有名字的技术——来自柔道道场的方法论启示
IF 4.9 2区 医学 Q1 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2021-12-25 DOI: 10.1080/2159676X.2021.2019096
Yosuke Washiya
ABSTRACT While ‘techniques of the body’ is a staple concept adapted by diverse studies on physical experiences today, the article unearths its methodological limitations through fieldwork in a multilingual judo dojo. Intrigued by the finding of ‘techniques without names’ there, the article reflexively follows the author’s engagement with learning the less descriptive technique, the methodological issues that emerge, and how the pursuit of the less descriptive still lays within descriptive meta-methods. It further argues that research objects can be preformed by the concept of the techniques of the body even prior to conducting research. The article proposes the possibility of a less descriptive, subtractive method and emphasizes the process of academic production.
摘要虽然“身体技术”是当今对身体体验的各种研究所适应的一个主要概念,但本文通过在多语言柔道道场的实地考察,揭示了其方法论的局限性。这篇文章被“没有名字的技术”的发现所吸引,反射性地跟随作者学习不太描述性的技术,出现的方法论问题,以及对不太描述性技术的追求如何仍然停留在描述性元方法中。它进一步认为,即使在进行研究之前,研究对象也可以通过身体技术的概念来实现。文章提出了一种不那么描述性的减法方法的可能性,并强调了学术生产的过程。
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引用次数: 0
“As long as there’s no mortal risk”: the perspectives of members in combat arms occupations on children’s outdoor risky play “只要没有致命的危险”:战斗部队成员对儿童户外冒险游戏的看法
IF 4.9 2区 医学 Q1 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2021-12-21 DOI: 10.1080/2159676X.2021.2019097
M. Bauer, A. Giles, M. Brussoni
ABSTRACT Parents’ experiences with risk can influence their perspectives on their children’s outdoor risky play. Parents in combat arms occupations in the Canadian Armed Forces have unique experiences with risk, as their occupations regularly include encountering and successfully navigating risky environments in military operations. In this study, we conducted seven semi-structured interviews with parents in combat arms occupations and used risk and sociocultural theory. Our reflexive thematic analysis resulted in two main findings: (1) Members believed outdoor risky play was beneficial for children to experience and supported children’s engagement in it; and (2) members distinguished between children’s outdoor risky play-related non-serious and serious injuries. Our findings advance scholarly conversations on how risk may be perceived and negotiated more broadly in populations who engage with risk on a frequent basis.
父母的冒险经历会影响他们对孩子户外冒险游戏的看法。在加拿大武装部队中从事战斗武器职业的父母对风险有着独特的体验,因为他们的职业经常包括在军事行动中遇到并成功驾驭危险环境。在本研究中,我们使用风险和社会文化理论,对从事战斗武器职业的父母进行了七次半结构化访谈。我们的反身性主题分析得出了两个主要发现:(1)成员认为户外冒险游戏有利于儿童体验并支持儿童参与其中;(2)成员区分儿童户外危险游戏相关非严重伤害和严重伤害。我们的研究结果推动了关于如何在频繁接触风险的人群中更广泛地感知和协商风险的学术对话。
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引用次数: 0
Fear as a barrier to physical activity in young adults with obesity: a qualitative study 恐惧是肥胖青年身体活动的障碍:一项定性研究
IF 4.9 2区 医学 Q1 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2021-12-05 DOI: 10.1080/2159676X.2021.2012243
O. Hamer, D. Larkin, N. Relph, P. Dey
ABSTRACT Obesity continues to be a growing public health problem worldwide. In adults with obesity, physical activity has health benefits beyond those directly attributable to weight loss. However, adults with obesity encounter various barriers to physical activity. Some barriers including fear, have received little academic attention, particularly in adults under 45 years. The aim of this qualitative study was to explore how fears about physical activity are experienced by, and impact on, adults with obesity aged 18 to 45 years. Semi-structured interviews were undertaken in a sample of 10 participants with a body mass index greater than 30 kg/m2. Analysis was conducted using the six phases of thematic analysis from the guidelines of Braun and Clarke. Participants gave detailed accounts of their experiences of fear and how it impacted on physical activity. Three themes were extracted: (1) fear as a barrier to physical activity; (2) threats, concerns and worries about weight underpinning fear(s) of activity; and (3) the consequences of fear(s). The findings suggest that the emotion of fear, particularly pain-related fear(s), were a frequent and important barrier to physical activity among younger adults with obesity. This is an important finding because of the risk it poses to health behaviour change. The findings provide some evidence that younger adults experience fear avoidance beliefs aligned to the conceptual principles of the Fear Avoidance Model. Further research is needed to further explore this relationship in a larger sample of younger adults with obesity, and explore its implications for promoting behaviour change in this group.
摘要肥胖仍然是世界范围内日益严重的公共卫生问题。对于肥胖的成年人来说,体育活动对健康的益处超过了直接归因于减肥的益处。然而,肥胖的成年人在体育活动中会遇到各种障碍。包括恐惧在内的一些障碍很少受到学术界的关注,尤其是在45岁以下的成年人中。这项定性研究的目的是探索18至45岁肥胖成年人对体育活动的恐惧是如何经历的,以及对他们的影响。对10名体重指数大于30 kg/m2的参与者进行了半结构化访谈。根据Braun和Clarke的指导方针,使用六个阶段的主题分析进行了分析。参与者详细描述了他们的恐惧经历及其对身体活动的影响。提取了三个主题:(1)恐惧是身体活动的障碍;(2) 对体重的威胁、担忧和担忧支撑了对活动的恐惧;以及(3)恐惧的后果。研究结果表明,恐惧情绪,特别是与疼痛相关的恐惧,是肥胖年轻人身体活动的一个常见而重要的障碍。这是一个重要的发现,因为它对健康行为的改变构成了风险。这些发现提供了一些证据,证明年轻人的恐惧回避信念符合恐惧回避模型的概念原则。需要进一步的研究,在更大的肥胖年轻人样本中进一步探索这种关系,并探索其对促进这一群体行为改变的影响。
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引用次数: 3
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Qualitative Research in Sport Exercise and Health
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