Pub Date : 2023-11-01DOI: 10.1016/j.trechm.2023.10.001
Jong An Lee, Ji Yeon Kim, Jung Ho Ahn, Yeah-Ji Ahn, Sang Yup Lee
Polyamides, also known as nylons, are important industrial polymers with repeating amide bonds. With the growing concern about climate change, technologies that can establish the foundation for a transition toward a carbon-neutral chemical industry are attracting considerable attention. This article provides an overview of the current advancements in the bio-based production of polyamide monomers using metabolically engineered microorganisms and the bio-based polyamides synthesized using those monomers are reviewed. Furthermore, the synthesis of bio-based polyamides using monomers obtained from the chemical conversion of natural oils is discussed. Finally, studies and the current status of biodegradation and recycling of polyamides are described to provide insights into the potential future roles of bio-based polyamides in the green chemical industry and sustainable society.
{"title":"Current advancements in the bio-based production of polyamides","authors":"Jong An Lee, Ji Yeon Kim, Jung Ho Ahn, Yeah-Ji Ahn, Sang Yup Lee","doi":"10.1016/j.trechm.2023.10.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.trechm.2023.10.001","url":null,"abstract":"Polyamides, also known as nylons, are important industrial polymers with repeating amide bonds. With the growing concern about climate change, technologies that can establish the foundation for a transition toward a carbon-neutral chemical industry are attracting considerable attention. This article provides an overview of the current advancements in the bio-based production of polyamide monomers using metabolically engineered microorganisms and the bio-based polyamides synthesized using those monomers are reviewed. Furthermore, the synthesis of bio-based polyamides using monomers obtained from the chemical conversion of natural oils is discussed. Finally, studies and the current status of biodegradation and recycling of polyamides are described to provide insights into the potential future roles of bio-based polyamides in the green chemical industry and sustainable society.","PeriodicalId":48544,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Chemistry","volume":"35 3","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135565152","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-01DOI: 10.1016/s2589-5974(23)00234-4
{"title":"Subscription and Copyright Information","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/s2589-5974(23)00234-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s2589-5974(23)00234-4","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":48544,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Chemistry","volume":"36 2-3","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135271271","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-01DOI: 10.1016/j.trechm.2023.10.002
Ling-Tao Wang, Bo Zhou, Fa-Liang Liu, Wen-Ting Wei, Long-Wu Ye
Chemodivergent reactions provide a unique platform for accessing expanded chemical space and diverse molecular structures from similar starting materials. The concept of tunable chemoselectivity can be realized by simple modifications to the substrate or reaction conditions. Among the known chemodivergent transformations, radical reactions have emerged as an exceedingly powerful toolbox for their simplicity and efficiency, creating a feasible path to achieve tunable chemoselectivity. This review focuses on recent progress since 2018 in controlling the different reaction pathways in radical cyclization reactions; substrate-dependent reactions, controlled by chain length, substituents and radical precursors, and condition-controlled reactions, mainly dominated by catalysts, bases, redox reagents, solvents, etc. Future avenues for investigation are also presented to help expand this exciting field.
{"title":"Radical strategies for chemodivergent cyclization reactions","authors":"Ling-Tao Wang, Bo Zhou, Fa-Liang Liu, Wen-Ting Wei, Long-Wu Ye","doi":"10.1016/j.trechm.2023.10.002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.trechm.2023.10.002","url":null,"abstract":"Chemodivergent reactions provide a unique platform for accessing expanded chemical space and diverse molecular structures from similar starting materials. The concept of tunable chemoselectivity can be realized by simple modifications to the substrate or reaction conditions. Among the known chemodivergent transformations, radical reactions have emerged as an exceedingly powerful toolbox for their simplicity and efficiency, creating a feasible path to achieve tunable chemoselectivity. This review focuses on recent progress since 2018 in controlling the different reaction pathways in radical cyclization reactions; substrate-dependent reactions, controlled by chain length, substituents and radical precursors, and condition-controlled reactions, mainly dominated by catalysts, bases, redox reagents, solvents, etc. Future avenues for investigation are also presented to help expand this exciting field.","PeriodicalId":48544,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Chemistry","volume":"27 11","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135509836","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-01DOI: 10.1016/j.trechm.2023.10.004
Qian-Cheng Luo, Yan-Zhen Zheng
Previous studies on how to prolong the relaxation times of single-molecule magnets (SMMs) focus on mitigating the quantum tunneling effect. However, recent progress shows that Raman relaxation is more critical. Yet, the study of the Raman process turns out to be a barren zone for molecular systems and requires further exploration.
{"title":"Mitigating Raman relaxation for high-temperature single-molecule magnets","authors":"Qian-Cheng Luo, Yan-Zhen Zheng","doi":"10.1016/j.trechm.2023.10.004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.trechm.2023.10.004","url":null,"abstract":"Previous studies on how to prolong the relaxation times of single-molecule magnets (SMMs) focus on mitigating the quantum tunneling effect. However, recent progress shows that Raman relaxation is more critical. Yet, the study of the Raman process turns out to be a barren zone for molecular systems and requires further exploration.","PeriodicalId":48544,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Chemistry","volume":"24 6","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135664976","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-01DOI: 10.1016/j.trechm.2023.09.005
Xin Deng, Di Yang, Weijie Li, Yuchao Chai, Guangjun Wu, Landong Li
The concept of coordinatively unsaturated centers (CUCs) initially introduced in the realm of homogeneous catalysis using organometallic complexes has demonstrated its indispensability within the context of both enzyme and heterogeneous catalysis. With uniform molecule-sized channels high surface area and abundant basic/acidic sites zeolite can be regarded as an ideal scaffold for hosting CUCs and enabling their interaction with small molecules. Here an overview of contemporary advancements on CUCs within zeolite matrices and their interaction with small molecules is presented. Diverse methodologies for introducing CUCs to zeolites and the corresponding characterization techniques are explored. Also in-depth analyses of small-molecule activation on CUCs and the underlying mechanism covering a wide range of important chemical transformations are performed.
{"title":"Chemistry of coordinatively unsaturated centers in zeolites","authors":"Xin Deng, Di Yang, Weijie Li, Yuchao Chai, Guangjun Wu, Landong Li","doi":"10.1016/j.trechm.2023.09.005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.trechm.2023.09.005","url":null,"abstract":"The concept of coordinatively unsaturated centers (CUCs) initially introduced in the realm of homogeneous catalysis using organometallic complexes has demonstrated its indispensability within the context of both enzyme and heterogeneous catalysis. With uniform molecule-sized channels high surface area and abundant basic/acidic sites zeolite can be regarded as an ideal scaffold for hosting CUCs and enabling their interaction with small molecules. Here an overview of contemporary advancements on CUCs within zeolite matrices and their interaction with small molecules is presented. Diverse methodologies for introducing CUCs to zeolites and the corresponding characterization techniques are explored. Also in-depth analyses of small-molecule activation on CUCs and the underlying mechanism covering a wide range of important chemical transformations are performed.","PeriodicalId":48544,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Chemistry","volume":"39 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135761612","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-01DOI: 10.1016/j.trechm.2023.08.003
Xiugang Wu, Xiuqin Yan, Yi Chen, Weiguo Zhu, Pi-Tai Chou
Emitters incorporating circularly polarized luminescence (CPL)-based organic light-emitting diodes (CP-OLEDs) are highly desirable in the pursuit of new optoelectronic applications such as 3D displays and optical data storage. In particular, emitters possessing circularly polarized thermally activated delayed fluorescence (CP-TADF) are able to achieve high efficiency in OLEDs. By further endowing multi-resonance thermally activated delayed fluorescence (MR-TADF, a subclass of TADF) with circularly polarized properties, MR-CP-OLEDs can obtain narrow emission bandwidths and may help to realize the holy grail of ultra-small bandwidth. Accordingly, this review covers the recent progress and evolution of CP-TADF emitters, their upgraded features and corresponding device technologies, as well as the challenges encountered in practical CP-OLEDs.
{"title":"Advances in organic materials for chiral luminescence-based OLEDs","authors":"Xiugang Wu, Xiuqin Yan, Yi Chen, Weiguo Zhu, Pi-Tai Chou","doi":"10.1016/j.trechm.2023.08.003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.trechm.2023.08.003","url":null,"abstract":"Emitters incorporating circularly polarized luminescence (CPL)-based organic light-emitting diodes (CP-OLEDs) are highly desirable in the pursuit of new optoelectronic applications such as 3D displays and optical data storage. In particular, emitters possessing circularly polarized thermally activated delayed fluorescence (CP-TADF) are able to achieve high efficiency in OLEDs. By further endowing multi-resonance thermally activated delayed fluorescence (MR-TADF, a subclass of TADF) with circularly polarized properties, MR-CP-OLEDs can obtain narrow emission bandwidths and may help to realize the holy grail of ultra-small bandwidth. Accordingly, this review covers the recent progress and evolution of CP-TADF emitters, their upgraded features and corresponding device technologies, as well as the challenges encountered in practical CP-OLEDs.","PeriodicalId":48544,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Chemistry","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135274972","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-01DOI: 10.1016/j.trechm.2023.09.004
Jianbo Liang, Renzhi Ma, Takayoshi Sasaki
Anion-exchangeable layered host compounds have attracted significant interest in many areas of chemistry. In particular, disintegrating the crystalline layered solids into single layers provides molecularly thin 2D materials as graphene relatives. This review addresses a newly emerging layered host, layered rare-earth (RE) hydroxides, in which anion exchangeability is paired with the intriguing properties of RE elements. The evolution of this class of layered materials exemplifies the concept of crystal engineering, whereby a cationic 2D lattice is derived from the crystalline framework of RE(OH)3 via dimensional reduction and topology engineering. Subsequent chemical exfoliation leads to RE-based hydroxide nanosheets. These nanosheets are employed as LEGO-like building blocks to construct artificial hierarchical structures, which offer promising opportunities for realizing sophisticated functionalities.
{"title":"Layered rare-earth hydroxides: crystal engineering toward functional nanosheets","authors":"Jianbo Liang, Renzhi Ma, Takayoshi Sasaki","doi":"10.1016/j.trechm.2023.09.004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.trechm.2023.09.004","url":null,"abstract":"Anion-exchangeable layered host compounds have attracted significant interest in many areas of chemistry. In particular, disintegrating the crystalline layered solids into single layers provides molecularly thin 2D materials as graphene relatives. This review addresses a newly emerging layered host, layered rare-earth (RE) hydroxides, in which anion exchangeability is paired with the intriguing properties of RE elements. The evolution of this class of layered materials exemplifies the concept of crystal engineering, whereby a cationic 2D lattice is derived from the crystalline framework of RE(OH)3 via dimensional reduction and topology engineering. Subsequent chemical exfoliation leads to RE-based hydroxide nanosheets. These nanosheets are employed as LEGO-like building blocks to construct artificial hierarchical structures, which offer promising opportunities for realizing sophisticated functionalities.","PeriodicalId":48544,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Chemistry","volume":"39 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135706127","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Covalent organic frameworks (COFs) are a useful class of crystalline porous materials assembled from organic molecular precursors via covalent bonds. Single-crystalline COFs have gained increasing attention because of their unique advantages, such as well-defined structures and improved performance, compared with their polycrystalline counterparts. However, the development of such materials has been severely hampered due to the lack of general synthetic strategies and effective characterization methods. This review surveys recent advances in the preparation of single-crystalline COFs, provides a perspective on the current challenges, and proposes future directions for the exploration of this promising class of crystalline polymers.
{"title":"Single-crystalline covalent organic frameworks","authors":"Cheng Qian, Hongwei Wu, Wei Liang Teo, Yaozu Liao, Yanli Zhao","doi":"10.1016/j.trechm.2023.09.002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.trechm.2023.09.002","url":null,"abstract":"Covalent organic frameworks (COFs) are a useful class of crystalline porous materials assembled from organic molecular precursors via covalent bonds. Single-crystalline COFs have gained increasing attention because of their unique advantages, such as well-defined structures and improved performance, compared with their polycrystalline counterparts. However, the development of such materials has been severely hampered due to the lack of general synthetic strategies and effective characterization methods. This review surveys recent advances in the preparation of single-crystalline COFs, provides a perspective on the current challenges, and proposes future directions for the exploration of this promising class of crystalline polymers.","PeriodicalId":48544,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Chemistry","volume":"40 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135607156","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-01DOI: 10.1016/s2589-5974(23)00215-0
{"title":"Subscription and Copyright Information","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/s2589-5974(23)00215-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s2589-5974(23)00215-0","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":48544,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Chemistry","volume":"153 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134935334","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-01DOI: 10.1016/j.trechm.2023.08.004
Quynh N. Nguyen, Ruhui Chen, Younan Xia
Shape-controlled metal nanocrystals have attracted growing interest due to their enhanced catalytic performance, cost-efficiency, and well-defined features for mechanistic investigations. However, the ultimate potential of these nanocrystals is limited by their surface heterogeneity. This review delves into the intricacies of surface heterogeneity, examining its role in dictating the sites for atom deposition and thereby the growth pattern of metal nanocrystals during colloidal synthesis. We also highlight the critical role of surface diffusion in preserving or overriding the impacts of surface heterogeneity, alongside the dynamic nature of surface structure throughout nanocrystal growth. Understanding and controlling the surface heterogeneity of nanocrystals are essential to the development of advanced catalytic materials.
{"title":"Shape-controlled synthesis of metal nanocrystals: mind the surface heterogeneity","authors":"Quynh N. Nguyen, Ruhui Chen, Younan Xia","doi":"10.1016/j.trechm.2023.08.004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.trechm.2023.08.004","url":null,"abstract":"Shape-controlled metal nanocrystals have attracted growing interest due to their enhanced catalytic performance, cost-efficiency, and well-defined features for mechanistic investigations. However, the ultimate potential of these nanocrystals is limited by their surface heterogeneity. This review delves into the intricacies of surface heterogeneity, examining its role in dictating the sites for atom deposition and thereby the growth pattern of metal nanocrystals during colloidal synthesis. We also highlight the critical role of surface diffusion in preserving or overriding the impacts of surface heterogeneity, alongside the dynamic nature of surface structure throughout nanocrystal growth. Understanding and controlling the surface heterogeneity of nanocrystals are essential to the development of advanced catalytic materials.","PeriodicalId":48544,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Chemistry","volume":"43 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135274344","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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