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Black Silicon Surface-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy Biosensors: Current Advances and Prospects. 黑硅表面增强拉曼光谱生物传感器:当前进展与前景。
IF 4.9 3区 工程技术 Q1 CHEMISTRY, ANALYTICAL Pub Date : 2024-09-24 DOI: 10.3390/bios14100453
Yaraslau Padrez, Lena Golubewa

Black silicon was discovered by accident and considered an undesirable by-product of the silicon industry. A highly modified surface, consisting of pyramids, needles, holes, pillars, etc., provides high light absorption from the UV to the NIR range and gives black silicon its color-matte black. Although black silicon has already attracted some interest as a promising material for sensitive sensors, the potential of this material has not yet been fully exploited. Over the past three decades, black silicon has been actively introduced as a substrate for surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS)-a molecule-specific vibrational spectroscopy technique-and successful proof-of-concept experiments have been conducted. This review focuses on the current progress in black silicon SERS biosensor fabrication, the recent advances in the design of the surface morphology and an analysis of the relation of surface micro-structuring and SERS efficiency and sensitivity. Much attention is paid to problems of non-invasiveness of the technique and biocompatibility of black silicon, its advantages over other SERS biosensors, cost-effectiveness and reproducibility, as well as the expansion of black silicon applications. The question of existing limitations and ways to overcome them is also addressed.

黑硅是偶然发现的,被认为是硅工业的不良副产品。由金字塔、针、孔、柱等组成的高度改性表面提供了从紫外到近红外范围的高光吸收率,并赋予了黑硅哑光黑的颜色。虽然黑硅作为一种有前途的敏感传感器材料已经引起了一些人的兴趣,但这种材料的潜力尚未得到充分开发。在过去的三十年里,黑硅已被积极引入作为表面增强拉曼光谱(SERS)--一种分子特异性振动光谱技术--的基底,并进行了成功的概念验证实验。本综述重点介绍了黑硅 SERS 生物传感器制造的最新进展、表面形态设计的最新进展以及表面微结构与 SERS 效率和灵敏度关系的分析。黑硅技术的非侵入性和生物相容性、与其他 SERS 生物传感器相比的优势、成本效益和可重复性以及黑硅应用的扩展等问题受到了极大关注。此外,还讨论了现有的局限性和克服这些局限性的方法。
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引用次数: 0
Correction: Zhang et al. A Study on the Mechanism and Properties of a Self-Powered H2O2 Electrochemical Sensor Based on a Fuel Cell Configuration with FePc and Graphene Cathode Catalyst Materials. Biosensors 2024, 14, 290. 更正:Zhang et al. 基于燃料电池配置的 FePc 和石墨烯阴极催化剂材料的自供电 H2O2 电化学传感器的机理和性能研究。生物传感器 2024,14,290。
IF 4.9 3区 工程技术 Q1 CHEMISTRY, ANALYTICAL Pub Date : 2024-09-23 DOI: 10.3390/bios14090452
Yunong Zhang, Andreas Offenhäusser, Yulia Mourzina

In this published publication [...].

在这份已出版的出版物中 [...].
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引用次数: 0
Improved Glycemic Control during a One-Week Adventure Camp in Adolescents with Type 1 Diabetes-The DIACAMP Study. 在为期一周的探险营中改善 1 型糖尿病青少年的血糖控制--DIACAMP 研究。
IF 4.9 3区 工程技术 Q1 CHEMISTRY, ANALYTICAL Pub Date : 2024-09-21 DOI: 10.3390/bios14090451
Antonia-Therese Kietaibl, Faisal Aziz, Eva Wurm, Celine Tomka, Elke Fröhlich-Reiterer, Othmar Moser, Thomas R Pieber, Peter Fasching, Julia K Mader, Harald Sourij, Felix Aberer

Adolescence remains a crucial age associated with diabetes distress in individuals living with type 1 diabetes (T1D). The Austrian organization "Diabär" regularly hosts a one-week adventure camp for adolescents (12-18 years) living with T1D. The camp focuses on "fun activities" without a structured educational protocol in order to minimize diabetes distress and increase diabetes management skills. In contrast to educational camps, training is kept to a minimum. However, attendees analyze the glycemic data of the previous day with their medical supervisor once daily during the camp. All subjects used a standardized real-time continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) system (DexcomG7) throughout the whole study. Glycemic metrics were prospectively analyzed during three periods: week 1 = home phase, week 2 = adventure camp, and week 3 = after the camp. Safety (time below range 1 [TBR1], 69-54 mg/dL, and time below range 2 [TBR2], <54 mg/dL) and efficacy (time in range [TIR], 70-180 mg/dL) were assessed by comparing the CGM data during weeks 1-3. The CGM data of 14 participants were analyzed. The TIR was higher during the camp week versus week 1 (70.4 ± 11.1% vs. 53.1 ± 20.2%; p = 0.001). The TBR1 significantly increased during camp compared to week 1 (2.5 ±1.7% vs. 1.3 ± 1.2%; p = 0.009), whereas the TBR2 did not differ. No serious adverse events occurred. This adventure camp without a main focus on education showed feasibility and safety in adolescents with T1D.

对于 1 型糖尿病(T1D)患者来说,青春期仍然是与糖尿病困扰相关的一个关键年龄段。奥地利组织 "Diabär "定期为患有 T1D 的青少年(12-18 岁)举办为期一周的探险营。该夏令营以 "趣味活动 "为主,没有结构化的教育方案,目的是最大限度地减少糖尿病困扰,提高糖尿病管理技能。与教育夏令营不同的是,该夏令营将培训控制在最低限度。不过,参加者在夏令营期间每天都要与医疗主管分析一次前一天的血糖数据。在整个研究过程中,所有受试者都使用标准化的实时连续血糖监测(CGM)系统(DexcomG7)。在三个阶段对血糖指标进行前瞻性分析:第 1 周=在家阶段,第 2 周=探险营,第 3 周=探险营结束后。安全性(低于量程 1 的时间 [TBR1],69-54 毫克/分升;低于量程 2 的时间 [TBR2],p = 0.001)。与第 1 周相比,训练营期间的 TBR1 明显增加(2.5 ±1.7% 对 1.3 ±1.2%;p = 0.009),而 TBR2 没有差异。没有发生严重不良事件。这种不以教育为主的探险营在患有 T1D 的青少年中显示出了可行性和安全性。
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引用次数: 0
Development of a Modular miRNA-Responsive Biosensor for Organ-Specific Evaluation of Liver Injury. 开发用于器官特异性肝损伤评估的模块化 miRNA 反应生物传感器
IF 4.9 3区 工程技术 Q1 CHEMISTRY, ANALYTICAL Pub Date : 2024-09-20 DOI: 10.3390/bios14090450
Xinxin Zhang, Tingting Wang, Xiangqing Fan, Meixia Wang, Zhixi Duan, Fang He, Hong-Hui Wang, Zhihong Li

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are increasingly being considered essential diagnostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets for multiple diseases. In recent years, researchers have emphasized the need to develop probes that can harness extracellular miRNAs as input signals for disease diagnostics. In this study, we introduce a novel miRNA-responsive biosensor (miR-RBS) designed to achieve highly sensitive and specific detection of miRNAs, with a particular focus on targeted organ-specific visualization. The miR-RBS employs a Y-structured triple-stranded DNA probe (Y-TSDP) that exhibits a fluorescence-quenched state under normal physiological conditions. The probe switches to an activated state with fluorescence signals in the presence of high miRNA concentrations, enabling rapid and accurate disease reporting. Moreover, the miR-RBS probe had a modular design, with a fluorescence-labeled strand equipped with a functional module that facilitates specific binding to organs that express high levels of the target receptors. This allowed the customization of miRNA detection and cell targeting using aptameric anchors. In a drug-induced liver injury model, the results demonstrate that the miR-RBS probe effectively visualized miR-122 levels, suggesting it has good potential for disease diagnosis and organ-specific imaging. Together, this innovative biosensor provides a versatile tool for the early detection and monitoring of diseases through miRNA-based biomarkers.

微小核糖核酸(miRNA)越来越被认为是多种疾病的重要诊断生物标志物和治疗靶标。近年来,研究人员一直强调需要开发能利用细胞外 miRNA 作为疾病诊断输入信号的探针。在这项研究中,我们介绍了一种新型的 miRNA 响应式生物传感器(miR-RBS),旨在实现高灵敏度和特异性的 miRNA 检测,尤其侧重于靶向器官特异性可视化。miR-RBS 采用了一种 Y 型结构的三链 DNA 探针(Y-TSDP),在正常生理条件下呈荧光淬灭状态。在高浓度 miRNA 存在的情况下,探针会切换到激活状态并发出荧光信号,从而实现快速准确的疾病报告。此外,miR-RBS 探针采用模块化设计,荧光标记链配备了一个功能模块,有助于与表达高水平目标受体的器官特异性结合。这样就可以利用aptameric锚定制miRNA检测和细胞靶向。研究结果表明,在药物诱导的肝损伤模型中,miR-RBS 探针能有效地观察到 miR-122 的水平,这表明它在疾病诊断和器官特异性成像方面具有良好的潜力。总之,这种创新的生物传感器为通过基于 miRNA 的生物标志物早期检测和监测疾病提供了一种多功能工具。
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引用次数: 0
Microfluidic Gastrointestinal Cell Culture Technologies-Improvements in the Past Decade. 微流控胃肠道细胞培养技术--过去十年的进步。
IF 4.9 3区 工程技术 Q1 CHEMISTRY, ANALYTICAL Pub Date : 2024-09-19 DOI: 10.3390/bios14090449
Adrian J T Teo, Siu-Kin Ng, Kaydeson Khoo, Sunny Hei Wong, King Ho Holden Li

Gastrointestinal cell culture technology has evolved in the past decade with the integration of microfluidic technologies, bringing advantages with greater selectivity and cost effectiveness. Herein, these technologies are sorted into three categories, namely the cell-culture insert devices, conventional microfluidic devices, and 3D-printed microfluidic devices. Each category is discussed in brief with improvements also discussed here. Introduction of different companies and applications derived from each are also provided to encourage uptake. Subsequently, future perspectives of integrating microfluidics with trending topics like stool-derived in vitro communities and gut-immune-tumor axis investigations are discussed. Insights on modular microfluidics and its implications on gastrointestinal cell cultures are also discussed here. Future perspectives on point-of-care (POC) applications in relations to gastrointestinal microfluidic devices are also discussed here. In conclusion, this review presents an introduction of each microfluidic platform with an insight into the greater contribution of microfluidics in gastrointestinal cell cultures.

近十年来,随着微流控技术的融入,胃肠道细胞培养技术不断发展,带来了更高的选择性和成本效益。本文将这些技术分为三类,即细胞培养插入装置、传统微流控装置和三维打印微流控装置。本文将对每一类技术进行简要讨论,并讨论其改进之处。此外,还介绍了不同公司的情况以及由此衍生出的应用,以鼓励人们使用。随后,还讨论了将微流控技术与粪便衍生体外群落和肠道-免疫-肿瘤轴研究等趋势性课题相结合的未来前景。此外,还讨论了模块化微流控技术及其对胃肠道细胞培养的影响。本文还讨论了胃肠道微流控设备在护理点(POC)应用方面的未来前景。总之,本综述介绍了每种微流控平台,并深入探讨了微流控技术在胃肠道细胞培养中的更大贡献。
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引用次数: 0
Editorial to the Special Issue "Advances in Optical Biosensors and Chemical Sensors". 光学生物传感器和化学传感器的进展 "特刊编辑。
IF 4.9 3区 工程技术 Q1 CHEMISTRY, ANALYTICAL Pub Date : 2024-09-19 DOI: 10.3390/bios14090447
Flavio Esposito, Stefania Campopiano, Agostino Iadicicco

Optical biosensors and optical chemical sensors are innovative analytical tools that utilize light-based techniques to detect and quantify a plethora of biological and chemical substances [...].

光学生物传感器和光学化学传感器是一种创新的分析工具,它利用基于光的技术来检测和量化大量生物和化学物质 [...] 。
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引用次数: 0
A Novel Ferrocene-Linked Thionine as a Dual Redox Mediator for the Electrochemical Detection of Dopamine and Hydrogen Peroxide. 二茂铁连接的新型硫氨酸作为电化学检测多巴胺和过氧化氢的双重氧化还原介质
IF 4.9 3区 工程技术 Q1 CHEMISTRY, ANALYTICAL Pub Date : 2024-09-19 DOI: 10.3390/bios14090448
Manikandan Palinci Nagarajan, Manikandan Ramalingam, Ilakeya Subbiah Arivuthilagam, Vishwa Paramaguru, Md Mahbubur Rahman, Jongdeok Park, Francis Kwaku Asiam, Byungjik Lee, Kwang Pyo Kim, Jae-Joon Lee

We introduce a novel dual redox mediator synthesized by covalently linking ferrocene dicarboxylic acid (FcDA) and thionine (TH) onto a pre-treated glassy carbon electrode. This unique structure significantly enhances the electro-oxidation of dopamine (DA) and the reduction of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), offering a sensitive detection method for both analytes. The electrode exhibits exceptional sensitivity, selectivity, and stability, demonstrating potential for practical applications in biosensing. It facilitates rapid electron transfer between the analyte and the electrode surface, detecting H2O2 concentrations ranging from 1.5 to 60 µM with a limit of detection (LoD) of 0.49 µM and DA concentrations from 0.3 to 230 µM with an LoD of 0.07 µM. The electrode's performance was validated through real-sample analyses, yielding satisfactory results.

我们介绍了一种新型双重氧化还原介质,它是通过将二茂铁二羧酸(FcDA)和亚硫酸(TH)共价连接到预先处理过的玻璃碳电极上而合成的。这种独特的结构大大增强了多巴胺(DA)的电氧化作用和过氧化氢(H2O2)的还原作用,为这两种分析物提供了一种灵敏的检测方法。该电极具有极高的灵敏度、选择性和稳定性,显示了在生物传感领域的实际应用潜力。它能促进分析物与电极表面之间的快速电子转移,检测 H2O2 浓度范围为 1.5 至 60 µM,检测限(LoD)为 0.49 µM;检测 DA 浓度范围为 0.3 至 230 µM,检测限(LoD)为 0.07 µM。通过实际样品分析验证了该电极的性能,结果令人满意。
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引用次数: 0
MLS-Net: An Automatic Sleep Stage Classifier Utilizing Multimodal Physiological Signals in Mice. MLS-Net:利用小鼠多模态生理信号的自动睡眠阶段分类器
IF 4.9 3区 工程技术 Q1 CHEMISTRY, ANALYTICAL Pub Date : 2024-08-22 DOI: 10.3390/bios14080406
Chengyong Jiang, Wenbin Xie, Jiadong Zheng, Biao Yan, Junwen Luo, Jiayi Zhang

Over the past decades, feature-based statistical machine learning and deep neural networks have been extensively utilized for automatic sleep stage classification (ASSC). Feature-based approaches offer clear insights into sleep characteristics and require low computational power but often fail to capture the spatial-temporal context of the data. In contrast, deep neural networks can process raw sleep signals directly and deliver superior performance. However, their overfitting, inconsistent accuracy, and computational cost were the primary drawbacks that limited their end-user acceptance. To address these challenges, we developed a novel neural network model, MLS-Net, which integrates the strengths of neural networks and feature extraction for automated sleep staging in mice. MLS-Net leverages temporal and spectral features from multimodal signals, such as EEG, EMG, and eye movements (EMs), as inputs and incorporates a bidirectional Long Short-Term Memory (bi-LSTM) to effectively capture the spatial-temporal nonlinear characteristics inherent in sleep signals. Our studies demonstrate that MLS-Net achieves an overall classification accuracy of 90.4% and REM state precision of 91.1%, sensitivity of 84.7%, and an F1-Score of 87.5% in mice, outperforming other neural network and feature-based algorithms in our multimodal dataset.

过去几十年来,基于特征的统计机器学习和深度神经网络已被广泛用于自动睡眠阶段分类(ASSC)。基于特征的方法能清楚地洞察睡眠特征,所需计算能力低,但往往无法捕捉数据的时空背景。相比之下,深度神经网络可以直接处理原始睡眠信号,并提供卓越的性能。然而,它们的过度拟合、不一致的准确性和计算成本是限制其被最终用户接受的主要缺点。为了应对这些挑战,我们开发了一种新型神经网络模型--MLS-Net,它整合了神经网络和特征提取的优势,可用于小鼠的自动睡眠分期。MLS-Net 利用脑电图(EEG)、肌电图(EMG)和眼动(EMs)等多模态信号的时间和频谱特征作为输入,并结合双向长短期记忆(bi-LSTM)来有效捕捉睡眠信号固有的时空非线性特征。我们的研究表明,MLS-Net 在小鼠中的总体分类准确率达到 90.4%,快速眼动状态准确率达到 91.1%,灵敏度达到 84.7%,F1-分数达到 87.5%,在多模态数据集中的表现优于其他神经网络和基于特征的算法。
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引用次数: 0
Ultrasoft Long-Lasting Reusable Hydrogel-Based Sensor Patch for Biosignal Recording. 用于生物信号记录的超软长效可重复使用水凝胶传感器贴片
IF 4.9 3区 工程技术 Q1 CHEMISTRY, ANALYTICAL Pub Date : 2024-08-22 DOI: 10.3390/bios14080405
Alexandre Tessier, Shuyun Zhuo, Shideh Kabiri Ameri

Here, we report an ultrasoft extra long-lasting, reusable hydrogel-based sensor that enables high-quality electrophysiological recording with low-motion artifacts. The developed sensor can be used and stored in an ambient environment for months before being reused. The developed sensor is made of a self-adhesive electrical-conductivity-enhanced ultrasoft hydrogel mounted in an Ecoflex-based frame. The hydrogel's conductivity was enhanced by incorporating polypyrrole (PPy), resulting in a conductivity of 0.25 S m-1. Young's modulus of the sensor is only 12.9 kPa, and it is stretchable up to 190%. The sensor was successfully used for electrocardiography (ECG) and electromyography (EMG). Our results indicate that using the developed hydrogel-based sensor, the signal-to-noise ratio of recorded electrophysiological signals was improved in comparison to that when medical-grade silver/silver chloride (Ag/AgCl) wet gel electrodes were used (33.55 dB in comparison to 22.16 dB). Due to the ultra-softness, high stretchability, and self-adhesion of the developed sensor, it can conform to the skin and, therefore, shows low susceptibility to motion. In addition, the sensor shows no sign of irritation or allergic reaction, which usually occurs after long-term wearing of medical-grade Ag/AgCl wet gel electrodes on the skin. Further, the sensor is fabricated using a low-cost and scalable fabrication process.

在此,我们报告了一种超软、超长寿命、可重复使用的基于水凝胶的传感器,它能以低运动伪影进行高质量的电生理记录。开发的传感器可在环境中使用和储存数月后再重复使用。开发的传感器由自粘性导电性增强超软水凝胶制成,安装在基于 Ecoflex 的框架中。通过加入聚吡咯(PPy)增强了水凝胶的导电性,使其导电率达到 0.25 S m-1。传感器的杨氏模量仅为 12.9 kPa,可拉伸达 190%。该传感器已成功用于心电图(ECG)和肌电图(EMG)。我们的研究结果表明,与使用医用级银/氯化银(Ag/AgCl)湿凝胶电极相比,使用所开发的水凝胶传感器记录的电生理信号的信噪比有所提高(33.55 dB 比 22.16 dB)。由于所开发的传感器具有超柔软、高伸展性和自粘性,可以贴合皮肤,因此对运动的敏感性较低。此外,该传感器不会出现刺激或过敏反应,而长期在皮肤上佩戴医用级银/氯化银湿凝胶电极通常会出现这种情况。此外,该传感器采用低成本、可扩展的制造工艺制成。
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引用次数: 0
Recent Advances in Nanomaterials for Modulation of Stem Cell Differentiation and Its Therapeutic Applications. 用于调节干细胞分化及其治疗应用的纳米材料的最新进展。
IF 4.9 3区 工程技术 Q1 CHEMISTRY, ANALYTICAL Pub Date : 2024-08-22 DOI: 10.3390/bios14080407
Chang-Dae Kim, Kyeong-Mo Koo, Hyung-Joo Kim, Tae-Hyung Kim

Challenges in directed differentiation and survival limit the clinical use of stem cells despite their promising therapeutic potential in regenerative medicine. Nanotechnology has emerged as a powerful tool to address these challenges and enable precise control over stem cell fate. In particular, nanomaterials can mimic an extracellular matrix and provide specific cues to guide stem cell differentiation and proliferation in the field of nanotechnology. For instance, recent studies have demonstrated that nanostructured surfaces and scaffolds can enhance stem cell lineage commitment modulated by intracellular regulation and external stimulation, such as reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenging, autophagy, or electrical stimulation. Furthermore, nanoframework-based and upconversion nanoparticles can be used to deliver bioactive molecules, growth factors, and genetic materials to facilitate stem cell differentiation and tissue regeneration. The increasing use of nanostructures in stem cell research has led to the development of new therapeutic approaches. Therefore, this review provides an overview of recent advances in nanomaterials for modulating stem cell differentiation, including metal-, carbon-, and peptide-based strategies. In addition, we highlight the potential of these nano-enabled technologies for clinical applications of stem cell therapy by focusing on improving the differentiation efficiency and therapeutics. We believe that this review will inspire researchers to intensify their efforts and deepen their understanding, thereby accelerating the development of stem cell differentiation modulation, therapeutic applications in the pharmaceutical industry, and stem cell therapeutics.

尽管干细胞在再生医学中具有良好的治疗潜力,但定向分化和存活方面的挑战限制了干细胞的临床应用。纳米技术已成为应对这些挑战并精确控制干细胞命运的有力工具。在纳米技术领域,纳米材料尤其可以模拟细胞外基质,提供特定线索,引导干细胞分化和增殖。例如,最近的研究表明,纳米结构表面和支架可通过细胞内调控和外部刺激(如活性氧清除、自噬或电刺激),增强干细胞系的承诺。此外,基于纳米框架和上转换纳米粒子可用于传递生物活性分子、生长因子和遗传物质,促进干细胞分化和组织再生。纳米结构在干细胞研究中的应用日益广泛,促进了新治疗方法的开发。因此,本综述概述了用于调节干细胞分化的纳米材料的最新进展,包括基于金属、碳和肽的策略。此外,我们还强调了这些纳米技术在干细胞治疗临床应用中的潜力,重点是提高分化效率和治疗效果。我们相信,这篇综述将激励研究人员加紧努力,加深理解,从而加快干细胞分化调控、制药业治疗应用和干细胞疗法的发展。
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引用次数: 0
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