Pub Date : 2024-11-01DOI: 10.1016/j.ijmst.2024.11.003
Xueqiu He , Xianghui Tian , Zhenlei Li , Menghan Wei , Majid Khan , Liming Qiu , Shengquan He , Ting Ren , Hani Mitri , Dazhao Song
The electromagnetic radiation (EMR) monitoring and early warning technology has experienced decades of successful applications for worldwide coal and rock dynamic disasters, yet a fundamental model unifying physical mechanism and generation process for EMR is still lacking. The effective revealing of EMR’s mechanism is crucial for dynamic disaster control and management. With this motive, a multi-scale experimental study was conducted in the earlier stage. At the micro-scale, the charge’s existence and non-uniform distribution on rock’s micro-surface were confirmed by atomic force microscope (AFM), and deduced the relationship with load changes. At the meso-scale, the time sequence synchronization and frequency domain consistency of EMR and micro-vibration (MV) in the rock fracture under load have been confirmed. Therefore, it is inferred that the vibration of the crack surface acts as the power source of rock fracture-induced EMR, and the original charge on the crack surface and the charge generated by the new crack surface are the electrical basis of EMR. Based on the above two experimental findings, this paper proposes a new mechanism of rock fracture-induced EMR defined as the electricity-vibration coupling mechanism, stating that, the vibrating charged crack generates the EMR. Subsequently, a generation model was constructed based on vibrating charged crack clusters to elucidate this mechanism. The experimental results demonstrated that the EMR waveform calculated by the model and measured by antenna exhibited good correspondence, thereby verifying the effectiveness of the constructed EMR model. The proposal of this new mechanism and the model further clarified the EMR’s mechanism induced by rock fracture. Moreover, the inter-relationship among crack propagation, vibration, and EMR was developed by this model, which could be immensely beneficial in EMR-based identification and prediction of dynamic disasters in complex mining environments worldwide.
{"title":"A new scientific explanation to rock fracture-induced electromagnetic radiation process","authors":"Xueqiu He , Xianghui Tian , Zhenlei Li , Menghan Wei , Majid Khan , Liming Qiu , Shengquan He , Ting Ren , Hani Mitri , Dazhao Song","doi":"10.1016/j.ijmst.2024.11.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijmst.2024.11.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The electromagnetic radiation (EMR) monitoring and early warning technology has experienced decades of successful applications for worldwide coal and rock dynamic disasters, yet a fundamental model unifying physical mechanism and generation process for EMR is still lacking. The effective revealing of EMR’s mechanism is crucial for dynamic disaster control and management. With this motive, a multi-scale experimental study was conducted in the earlier stage. At the micro-scale, the charge’s existence and non-uniform distribution on rock’s micro-surface were confirmed by atomic force microscope (AFM), and deduced the relationship with load changes. At the meso-scale, the time sequence synchronization and frequency domain consistency of EMR and micro-vibration (MV) in the rock fracture under load have been confirmed. Therefore, it is inferred that the vibration of the crack surface acts as the power source of rock fracture-induced EMR, and the original charge on the crack surface and the charge generated by the new crack surface are the electrical basis of EMR. Based on the above two experimental findings, this paper proposes a new mechanism of rock fracture-induced EMR defined as the electricity-vibration coupling mechanism, stating that, the vibrating charged crack generates the EMR. Subsequently, a generation model was constructed based on vibrating charged crack clusters to elucidate this mechanism. The experimental results demonstrated that the EMR waveform calculated by the model and measured by antenna exhibited good correspondence, thereby verifying the effectiveness of the constructed EMR model. The proposal of this new mechanism and the model further clarified the EMR’s mechanism induced by rock fracture. Moreover, the inter-relationship among crack propagation, vibration, and EMR was developed by this model, which could be immensely beneficial in EMR-based identification and prediction of dynamic disasters in complex mining environments worldwide.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48625,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Mining Science and Technology","volume":"34 11","pages":"Pages 1485-1493"},"PeriodicalIF":11.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143198115","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-11-01DOI: 10.1016/j.ijmst.2024.10.006
Yajun Cao , Xuelei Duan , Wei Wang , Qizhi Zhu , Dengfeng Zhao , Long Jiang , Qiang Zhang
The complex and special mechanical properties of Xiyu conglomerate are of great significance to the construction of water conservancy and hydropower engineering. The crack characteristic stress, dilatancy behavior, and failure mechanism of Xiyu conglomerate collected from Momoke Water Control Project, southwestern China, were analyzed and discussed based on the experimental results of triaxial compression test and 3D X-ray computed tomography test. The results show that with increasing confining pressure, the deformation characteristics and all characteristic stresses increase monotonically, while the dilation angle and dilatancy index decrease, and exponential function model can accurately describe the evolution rule of dilatancy index with confining pressure. While the porosity is negatively correlated with confining pressure. The failure modes of Xiyu conglomerate include axial tensile cracks, shear cracks, local cross cracks and cracks around gravel. With increasing confining pressure, the failure modes transform from tension cracks to shear cracks. A non-associated micromechanical damage model considering pressure dependent matrix presenting tension-compression asymmetry is proposed and applied to Xiyu conglomerate with pores and a large number of gravels. By comparing numerical calculations and experimental results, the proposed micromechanical plastic damage model is able to describe the mechanical behavior of Xiyu conglomerate.
{"title":"Experimental investigation on the macro-mechanical behavior and micromechanical damage model of Xiyu conglomerate with pores and inclusions under triaxial compression","authors":"Yajun Cao , Xuelei Duan , Wei Wang , Qizhi Zhu , Dengfeng Zhao , Long Jiang , Qiang Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.ijmst.2024.10.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijmst.2024.10.006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The complex and special mechanical properties of Xiyu conglomerate are of great significance to the construction of water conservancy and hydropower engineering. The crack characteristic stress, dilatancy behavior, and failure mechanism of Xiyu conglomerate collected from Momoke Water Control Project, southwestern China, were analyzed and discussed based on the experimental results of triaxial compression test and 3D X-ray computed tomography test. The results show that with increasing confining pressure, the deformation characteristics and all characteristic stresses increase monotonically, while the dilation angle and dilatancy index decrease, and exponential function model can accurately describe the evolution rule of dilatancy index with confining pressure. While the porosity is negatively correlated with confining pressure. The failure modes of Xiyu conglomerate include axial tensile cracks, shear cracks, local cross cracks and cracks around gravel. With increasing confining pressure, the failure modes transform from tension cracks to shear cracks. A non-associated micromechanical damage model considering pressure dependent matrix presenting tension-compression asymmetry is proposed and applied to Xiyu conglomerate with pores and a large number of gravels. By comparing numerical calculations and experimental results, the proposed micromechanical plastic damage model is able to describe the mechanical behavior of Xiyu conglomerate.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48625,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Mining Science and Technology","volume":"34 11","pages":"Pages 1529-1549"},"PeriodicalIF":11.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142929249","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-01DOI: 10.1016/j.ijmst.2024.09.003
Lei Zhang , Yimeng Wang , Mingzhong Gao , Wenhao Jia , Senlin Xie , Wei Hou , Xiangyu Wang , Hao Zhang
Understanding the impact of mining disturbances and creep deformation on the macroscopic deformation and the microscopic pore and fracture structures (MPFS) of coal is paramount for ensuring the secure extraction of coal resources. This study conducts cyclic loading-unloading and creep experiments on coal using a low-field nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) experimental apparatus which is equipped with mechanical loading units, enabling real-time monitoring the T2 spectrum. The experiments indicated that cyclic loading-unloading stress paths initiate internal damage within coal samples. Under identical creep stress conditions, coal samples with more initial damages had more substantial instantaneous deformation and creep deformation during the creep process. After undergoing nearly 35 h of staged creep, the total strains for coal samples CC01, CC02, and CC03 reach 2.160%, 2.261%, and 2.282%, respectively. In the creep stage, the peak area ratio of seepage pores and microfractures (SPM) gradually diminishes. A higher degree of initial damage leads to a more pronounced compaction trend in the SPM of coal samples. Considering the porosity evolution of SPM during the creep process, this study proposes a novel fractional derivative model for the porosity evolution of SPM. The efficacy of the proposed model in predicting porosity evolution of SPM is substantiated through experimental validation. Furthermore, an analysis of the impact mechanisms on key parameters in the model was carried out.
{"title":"Spatio-temporal evolution of pore and fracture structures in coal induced by initial damage and creep behavior: A real-time NMR-based approach","authors":"Lei Zhang , Yimeng Wang , Mingzhong Gao , Wenhao Jia , Senlin Xie , Wei Hou , Xiangyu Wang , Hao Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.ijmst.2024.09.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijmst.2024.09.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Understanding the impact of mining disturbances and creep deformation on the macroscopic deformation and the microscopic pore and fracture structures (MPFS) of coal is paramount for ensuring the secure extraction of coal resources. This study conducts cyclic loading-unloading and creep experiments on coal using a low-field nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) experimental apparatus which is equipped with mechanical loading units, enabling real-time monitoring the <em>T</em><sub>2</sub> spectrum. The experiments indicated that cyclic loading-unloading stress paths initiate internal damage within coal samples. Under identical creep stress conditions, coal samples with more initial damages had more substantial instantaneous deformation and creep deformation during the creep process. After undergoing nearly 35 h of staged creep, the total strains for coal samples CC01, CC02, and CC03 reach 2.160%, 2.261%, and 2.282%, respectively. In the creep stage, the peak area ratio of seepage pores and microfractures (SPM) gradually diminishes. A higher degree of initial damage leads to a more pronounced compaction trend in the SPM of coal samples. Considering the porosity evolution of SPM during the creep process, this study proposes a novel fractional derivative model for the porosity evolution of SPM. The efficacy of the proposed model in predicting porosity evolution of SPM is substantiated through experimental validation. Furthermore, an analysis of the impact mechanisms on key parameters in the model was carried out.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48625,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Mining Science and Technology","volume":"34 10","pages":"Pages 1409-1425"},"PeriodicalIF":11.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143155093","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-01DOI: 10.1016/j.ijmst.2024.10.002
Zhi Zheng , Ronghua Li , Pengzhi Pan , Jinghua Qi , Guoshao Su , Hong Zheng
<div><div>The redistribution of three-dimensional (3D) geostress during underground tunnel excavation can easily induce to shear failure along rockmass structural plane, potentially resulting in engineering disasters. However, the current understanding of rockmass shear behavior is mainly based on shear tests under 2D stress without lateral stress, the shear fracture under 3D stress is unclear, and the relevant 3D shear fracture theory research is deficient. Therefore, this study conducted true triaxial cyclic loading and unloading shear tests on intact and bedded limestone under different normal stress <em>σ</em><sub>n</sub> and lateral stress <em>σ</em><sub>p</sub> to investigate the shear strength, deformation, and failure characteristics. The results indicate that under different <em>σ</em><sub>n</sub> and <em>σ</em><sub>p</sub>, the stress–strain hysteresis loop area gradually increases from nearly zero in the pre-peak stage, becomes most significant in the post-peak stage, and then becomes very small in the residual stage as the number of shear test cycles increases. The shear peak strength and failure surface roughness almost linearly increase with the increase in <em>σ</em><sub>n</sub>, while they first increase and then gradually decrease as <em>σ</em><sub>p</sub> increases, with the maximum increases of 12.9% for strength and 15.1% for roughness. The shear residual strength almost linearly increases with <em>σ</em><sub>n</sub>, but shows no significant change with <em>σ</em><sub>p</sub>. Based on the acoustic emission characteristic parameters during the test process, the shear fracture process and microscopic failure mechanism were analyzed. As the shear stress <em>τ</em> increases, the acoustic emission activity, main frequency, and amplitude gradually increase, showing a significant rise during the cycle near the peak strength, while remaining almost unchanged in the residual stage. The true triaxial shear fracture process presents tensile-shear mixture failure characteristics dominated by microscopic tensile failure. Based on the test results, a 3D shear strength criterion considering the lateral stress effect was proposed, and the determination methods and evolution of the shear modulus <em>G</em>, cohesion <em>c</em><sub>jp</sub>, friction angle <em>φ</em><sub>jp</sub>, and dilation angle <em>ψ</em><sub>jp</sub> during rockmass shear fracture process were studied. Under different <em>σ</em><sub>n</sub> and <em>σ</em><sub>p</sub>, <em>G</em> first rapidly decreases and then tends to stabilize; <em>c</em><sub>jp</sub>, <em>φ</em><sub>jp</sub>, and <em>ψ</em><sub>jp</sub> first increase rapidly to the maximum value, then decrease slowly, and finally remain basically unchanged. A 3D shear mechanics model considering the effects of lateral stress and shear parameter degradation was further established, and a corresponding numerical calculation program was developed based on 3D discrete element software. The proposed model effectively s
{"title":"Shear failure behaviors and degradation mechanical model of rockmass under true triaxial multi-level loading and unloading shear tests","authors":"Zhi Zheng , Ronghua Li , Pengzhi Pan , Jinghua Qi , Guoshao Su , Hong Zheng","doi":"10.1016/j.ijmst.2024.10.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijmst.2024.10.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The redistribution of three-dimensional (3D) geostress during underground tunnel excavation can easily induce to shear failure along rockmass structural plane, potentially resulting in engineering disasters. However, the current understanding of rockmass shear behavior is mainly based on shear tests under 2D stress without lateral stress, the shear fracture under 3D stress is unclear, and the relevant 3D shear fracture theory research is deficient. Therefore, this study conducted true triaxial cyclic loading and unloading shear tests on intact and bedded limestone under different normal stress <em>σ</em><sub>n</sub> and lateral stress <em>σ</em><sub>p</sub> to investigate the shear strength, deformation, and failure characteristics. The results indicate that under different <em>σ</em><sub>n</sub> and <em>σ</em><sub>p</sub>, the stress–strain hysteresis loop area gradually increases from nearly zero in the pre-peak stage, becomes most significant in the post-peak stage, and then becomes very small in the residual stage as the number of shear test cycles increases. The shear peak strength and failure surface roughness almost linearly increase with the increase in <em>σ</em><sub>n</sub>, while they first increase and then gradually decrease as <em>σ</em><sub>p</sub> increases, with the maximum increases of 12.9% for strength and 15.1% for roughness. The shear residual strength almost linearly increases with <em>σ</em><sub>n</sub>, but shows no significant change with <em>σ</em><sub>p</sub>. Based on the acoustic emission characteristic parameters during the test process, the shear fracture process and microscopic failure mechanism were analyzed. As the shear stress <em>τ</em> increases, the acoustic emission activity, main frequency, and amplitude gradually increase, showing a significant rise during the cycle near the peak strength, while remaining almost unchanged in the residual stage. The true triaxial shear fracture process presents tensile-shear mixture failure characteristics dominated by microscopic tensile failure. Based on the test results, a 3D shear strength criterion considering the lateral stress effect was proposed, and the determination methods and evolution of the shear modulus <em>G</em>, cohesion <em>c</em><sub>jp</sub>, friction angle <em>φ</em><sub>jp</sub>, and dilation angle <em>ψ</em><sub>jp</sub> during rockmass shear fracture process were studied. Under different <em>σ</em><sub>n</sub> and <em>σ</em><sub>p</sub>, <em>G</em> first rapidly decreases and then tends to stabilize; <em>c</em><sub>jp</sub>, <em>φ</em><sub>jp</sub>, and <em>ψ</em><sub>jp</sub> first increase rapidly to the maximum value, then decrease slowly, and finally remain basically unchanged. A 3D shear mechanics model considering the effects of lateral stress and shear parameter degradation was further established, and a corresponding numerical calculation program was developed based on 3D discrete element software. The proposed model effectively s","PeriodicalId":48625,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Mining Science and Technology","volume":"34 10","pages":"Pages 1385-1408"},"PeriodicalIF":11.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143155087","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-01DOI: 10.1016/j.ijmst.2024.09.010
Yu Wang , Cheng Zhai , Ting Liu , Jizhao Xu , Wei Tang , Yangfeng Zheng , Xinyu Zhu , Ning Luo
Methane in-situ explosion fracturing (MISEF) enhances permeability in shale reservoirs by detonating desorbed methane to generate detonation waves in perforations. Fracture propagation in bedding shale under varying explosion loads remains unclear. In this study, prefabricated perforated shale samples with parallel and vertical bedding are fractured under five distinct explosion loads using a MISEF experimental setup. High-frequency explosion pressure-time curves were monitored within an equivalent perforation, and computed tomography scanning along with three-dimensional reconstruction techniques were used to investigate fracture propagation patterns. Additionally, the formation mechanism and influencing factors of explosion crack-generated fines (CGF) were clarified by analyzing the morphology and statistics of explosion debris particles. The results indicate that methane explosion generated oscillating-pulse loads within perforations. Explosion characteristic parameters increase with increasing initial pressure. Explosion load and bedding orientation significantly influence fracture propagation patterns. As initial pressure increases, the fracture mode transitions from bi-wing to 4–5 radial fractures. In parallel bedding shale, radial fractures noticeably deflect along the bedding surface. Vertical bedding facilitates the development of transverse fractures oriented parallel to the cross-section. Bifurcation-merging of explosion-induced fractures generated CGF. CGF mass and fractal dimension increase, while average particle size decreases with increasing explosion load. This study provides valuable insights into MISEF technology.
{"title":"Experimental investigation of methane explosion fracturing in bedding shales: Load characteristics and three-dimensional fracture propagation","authors":"Yu Wang , Cheng Zhai , Ting Liu , Jizhao Xu , Wei Tang , Yangfeng Zheng , Xinyu Zhu , Ning Luo","doi":"10.1016/j.ijmst.2024.09.010","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijmst.2024.09.010","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Methane in-situ explosion fracturing (MISEF) enhances permeability in shale reservoirs by detonating desorbed methane to generate detonation waves in perforations. Fracture propagation in bedding shale under varying explosion loads remains unclear. In this study, prefabricated perforated shale samples with parallel and vertical bedding are fractured under five distinct explosion loads using a MISEF experimental setup. High-frequency explosion pressure-time curves were monitored within an equivalent perforation, and computed tomography scanning along with three-dimensional reconstruction techniques were used to investigate fracture propagation patterns. Additionally, the formation mechanism and influencing factors of explosion crack-generated fines (CGF) were clarified by analyzing the morphology and statistics of explosion debris particles. The results indicate that methane explosion generated oscillating-pulse loads within perforations. Explosion characteristic parameters increase with increasing initial pressure. Explosion load and bedding orientation significantly influence fracture propagation patterns. As initial pressure increases, the fracture mode transitions from bi-wing to 4–5 radial fractures. In parallel bedding shale, radial fractures noticeably deflect along the bedding surface. Vertical bedding facilitates the development of transverse fractures oriented parallel to the cross-section. Bifurcation-merging of explosion-induced fractures generated CGF. CGF mass and fractal dimension increase, while average particle size decreases with increasing explosion load. This study provides valuable insights into MISEF technology.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48625,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Mining Science and Technology","volume":"34 10","pages":"Pages 1365-1383"},"PeriodicalIF":11.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142823279","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-01DOI: 10.1016/j.ijmst.2024.09.005
Bo Liu , Peng Sun , Wei Yao , Tao Li , Wei Xu
The development and utilization of lunar resources are entering a critical stage. Immediate focus is needed on key technologies for in-situ resource utilization (ISRU) and lunar base construction. This paper comparatively analyzes the basic characteristics of lunar regolith samples returned from Chang’e-5 (CE-5), Apollo, and Luna missions, focusing on their physical, mechanical, mineral, chemical, and morphological parameters. Given the limited availability of lunar regolith, more than 50 lunar regolith simulants are summarized. The differences between lunar regolith and simulants concerning these parameters are discussed. To facilitate the construction of lunar bases, this article summarizes the advancements in research on construction materials derived from lunar regolith simulants. Based on statistical results, lunar regolith simulant-based composites are classified into 5 types by their strengthening and toughening mechanisms, and a comprehensive analysis of molding methods, preparation conditions, and mechanical properties is conducted. Furthermore, the potential lunar base construction forms are reviewed, and the adaptability of lunar regolith simulant-based composites and lunar base construction methods are proposed. The key demands of lunar bases constructed with lunar regolith-based composites are discussed, including energy demand, in-situ buildability, service performance, and structural availability. This progress contributes to providing essential material and methodological support for future lunar construction.
{"title":"Research progress on the adaptability of lunar regolith simulant-based composites and lunar base construction methods","authors":"Bo Liu , Peng Sun , Wei Yao , Tao Li , Wei Xu","doi":"10.1016/j.ijmst.2024.09.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijmst.2024.09.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The development and utilization of lunar resources are entering a critical stage. Immediate focus is needed on key technologies for in-situ resource utilization (ISRU) and lunar base construction. This paper comparatively analyzes the basic characteristics of lunar regolith samples returned from Chang’e-5 (CE-5), Apollo, and Luna missions, focusing on their physical, mechanical, mineral, chemical, and morphological parameters. Given the limited availability of lunar regolith, more than 50 lunar regolith simulants are summarized. The differences between lunar regolith and simulants concerning these parameters are discussed. To facilitate the construction of lunar bases, this article summarizes the advancements in research on construction materials derived from lunar regolith simulants. Based on statistical results, lunar regolith simulant-based composites are classified into 5 types by their strengthening and toughening mechanisms, and a comprehensive analysis of molding methods, preparation conditions, and mechanical properties is conducted. Furthermore, the potential lunar base construction forms are reviewed, and the adaptability of lunar regolith simulant-based composites and lunar base construction methods are proposed. The key demands of lunar bases constructed with lunar regolith-based composites are discussed, including energy demand, in-situ buildability, service performance, and structural availability. This progress contributes to providing essential material and methodological support for future lunar construction.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48625,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Mining Science and Technology","volume":"34 10","pages":"Pages 1341-1363"},"PeriodicalIF":11.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143155095","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-01DOI: 10.1016/j.ijmst.2024.09.006
Juncheng Li , Qingming Zhang , Zhixiang Liu , Renrong Long , Xianzhe Zhong , Wenjin Liu , Mingze Wu , Xin Hu , Jinlong Xu , Jiankang Ren , Wei Wei , Qiang Liu , Keqin Zheng , Haozhe Liang
To elucidate the characteristics and mechanism of electromagnetic radiation in granite under impact loading, based on the quasi-static compression tests, this paper conducts dynamic compression experiments on granite using Hopkinson pressure bar and one-stage light-gas gun as loading methods. Combined with experimental and theoretical analyses, the relationship between mechanical and electromagnetic responses under impact loads of different intensities, and the time-domain signals of electromagnetic radiation generated by a single crack under different strain rates are studied. The intensity and frequency of electromagnetic radiation increase with the increasing compressive strain rate. According to the thermal activation theory, it reveals the microscopic mechanism of the transition from intergranular microcracks to transgranular microcracks in terms of strain sensitivity. It also serves as the physical basis for the increase in electromagnetic radiation intensity amplitude and frequency with increasing compressive strain rate. Transgranular microcracks are the primary cause of electromagnetic radiation generated by fractures.
{"title":"Electromagnetic radiation of granite under dynamic compression","authors":"Juncheng Li , Qingming Zhang , Zhixiang Liu , Renrong Long , Xianzhe Zhong , Wenjin Liu , Mingze Wu , Xin Hu , Jinlong Xu , Jiankang Ren , Wei Wei , Qiang Liu , Keqin Zheng , Haozhe Liang","doi":"10.1016/j.ijmst.2024.09.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijmst.2024.09.006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>To elucidate the characteristics and mechanism of electromagnetic radiation in granite under impact loading, based on the quasi-static compression tests, this paper conducts dynamic compression experiments on granite using Hopkinson pressure bar and one-stage light-gas gun as loading methods. Combined with experimental and theoretical analyses, the relationship between mechanical and electromagnetic responses under impact loads of different intensities, and the time-domain signals of electromagnetic radiation generated by a single crack under different strain rates are studied. The intensity and frequency of electromagnetic radiation increase with the increasing compressive strain rate. According to the thermal activation theory, it reveals the microscopic mechanism of the transition from intergranular microcracks to transgranular microcracks in terms of strain sensitivity. It also serves as the physical basis for the increase in electromagnetic radiation intensity amplitude and frequency with increasing compressive strain rate. Transgranular microcracks are the primary cause of electromagnetic radiation generated by fractures.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48625,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Mining Science and Technology","volume":"34 10","pages":"Pages 1427-1441"},"PeriodicalIF":11.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143155089","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-01DOI: 10.1016/j.ijmst.2024.09.004
Wenda Guo , Haolong Lu , Zhenyue Zhang , Ling Jiang , Hanjun Wu , Defeng Liu , Ruan Chi
To investigate the effect of chlorine roasting on the migration and removal of trace elements in quartz lattice, firstly, an efficient pretreatment process, grinding–HCl washing–flotation–HF and HCl leaching, was used to remove the gangue minerals in quartz ore to obtain purified quartz for the preparation of high-purity quartz and the investigation of lattice impurities migration. The results showed that the high-purity quartz with total impurities less than 50 μg/g could be obtained from purified quartz after being treated with chlorine at 1200 °C. The variation of crystal structure and the lattice impurities migration of quartz during chlorine roasting were studied through in-situ XRD, TGA, SEM-EDS, ICP-MS, FT-IR and XPS analysis. It revealed that the decomposable impurities H2O, −OH, and residual collectors in the crystal of purified quartz could be effectively removed through chlorine roasting above 900 °C, which also had an obvious effect on the removal of low-valence trace elements Li, Na and K in the crystal of quartz but didn’t affect the multivalent trace elements Al and Ti. This study revealed the removal and migration mechanism of the trace elements in quartz crystal during chlorine roasting.
{"title":"Crystal structure transformation and lattice impurities migration of quartz during chlorine roasting","authors":"Wenda Guo , Haolong Lu , Zhenyue Zhang , Ling Jiang , Hanjun Wu , Defeng Liu , Ruan Chi","doi":"10.1016/j.ijmst.2024.09.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijmst.2024.09.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>To investigate the effect of chlorine roasting on the migration and removal of trace elements in quartz lattice, firstly, an efficient pretreatment process, grinding–HCl washing–flotation–HF and HCl leaching, was used to remove the gangue minerals in quartz ore to obtain purified quartz for the preparation of high-purity quartz and the investigation of lattice impurities migration. The results showed that the high-purity quartz with total impurities less than 50 μg/g could be obtained from purified quartz after being treated with chlorine at 1200 °C. The variation of crystal structure and the lattice impurities migration of quartz during chlorine roasting were studied through in-situ XRD, TGA, SEM-EDS, ICP-MS, FT-IR and XPS analysis. It revealed that the decomposable impurities H<sub>2</sub>O, −OH, and residual collectors in the crystal of purified quartz could be effectively removed through chlorine roasting above 900 °C, which also had an obvious effect on the removal of low-valence trace elements Li, Na and K in the crystal of quartz but didn’t affect the multivalent trace elements Al and Ti. This study revealed the removal and migration mechanism of the trace elements in quartz crystal during chlorine roasting.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48625,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Mining Science and Technology","volume":"34 10","pages":"Pages 1465-1474"},"PeriodicalIF":11.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143155729","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-01DOI: 10.1016/j.ijmst.2024.09.007
Chang Liu , Longhua Xu , Jiushuai Deng , Zhiguo Han , Yi Li , Jiahui Wu , Jia Tian , Donghui Wang , Kai Xue , Jinmei Fang
Effectively separating bastnaesite from calcium-bearing gangue minerals (particularly calcite) presents a formidable challenge, making the development of efficient collectors crucial. To achieve this, we have designed and synthesized a novel, highly efficient, water-soluble cationic collector, N-dodecyl-isopropanolamine (NDIA), for use in the bastnaesite-calcite flotation process. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations identified the amine nitrogen atom in NDIA as the site most susceptible to electrophilic attack and electron loss. By introducing an OH group into the traditional collector dodecylamine (DDA) structure, NDIA provided additional adsorption sites, enabling synergistic adsorption on the surface of bastnaesite, thereby significantly enhancing both the floatability and selectivity of these minerals. The recovery of bastnaesite was 76.02%, while the calcite was 1.26%. The NDIA markedly affected the zeta potential of bastnaesite, while its impact on calcite was relatively minor. Detailed Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) results elucidated that the ―NH― and ―OH groups in NDIA anchored onto the bastnaesite surface through robust electrostatic and hydrogen bonding interactions, thereby enhancing bastnaesite’s affinity for NDIA. Furthermore, in situ atomic force microscopy (AFM) provided conclusive evidence of NDIA aggregation on the bastnaesite surface, improving contact angle and hydrophobicity, and significantly boosting the flotation recovery of bastnaesite.
{"title":"Exploring the mechanism of a novel cationic surfactant in bastnaesite flotation via the integration of DFT calculations, in-situ AFM and electrochemistry","authors":"Chang Liu , Longhua Xu , Jiushuai Deng , Zhiguo Han , Yi Li , Jiahui Wu , Jia Tian , Donghui Wang , Kai Xue , Jinmei Fang","doi":"10.1016/j.ijmst.2024.09.007","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijmst.2024.09.007","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Effectively separating bastnaesite from calcium-bearing gangue minerals (particularly calcite) presents a formidable challenge, making the development of efficient collectors crucial. To achieve this, we have designed and synthesized a novel, highly efficient, water-soluble cationic collector, N-dodecyl-isopropanolamine (NDIA), for use in the bastnaesite-calcite flotation process. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations identified the amine nitrogen atom in NDIA as the site most susceptible to electrophilic attack and electron loss. By introducing an OH group into the traditional collector dodecylamine (DDA) structure, NDIA provided additional adsorption sites, enabling synergistic adsorption on the surface of bastnaesite, thereby significantly enhancing both the floatability and selectivity of these minerals. The recovery of bastnaesite was 76.02%, while the calcite was 1.26%. The NDIA markedly affected the zeta potential of bastnaesite, while its impact on calcite was relatively minor. Detailed Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) results elucidated that the ―NH― and ―OH groups in NDIA anchored onto the bastnaesite surface through robust electrostatic and hydrogen bonding interactions, thereby enhancing bastnaesite’s affinity for NDIA. Furthermore, in situ atomic force microscopy (AFM) provided conclusive evidence of NDIA aggregation on the bastnaesite surface, improving contact angle and hydrophobicity, and significantly boosting the flotation recovery of bastnaesite.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48625,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Mining Science and Technology","volume":"34 10","pages":"Pages 1475-1484"},"PeriodicalIF":11.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143155085","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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