International Journal of Mining Science and Technology最新文献_第2页

Yielding performance of compact yielding anchor cable in working state: Analytical theory and experimental evaluation of yielding resistance enhancement effect

IF 11.7 1区工程技术 Q1 MINING & MINERAL PROCESSING

International Journal of Mining Science and Technology

Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijmst.2024.12.008

Zhenyu Wang , Bo Wang , Xinxin Guo , Jinjin Li , Zhenwang Ma

To elucidate the yielding performance of compact yielding anchor cables in working state, a yielding mechanical model incorporating extrusion friction and fastening rotation under confining pressure is constructed. The yielding resistance enhancement effect (ω) caused by working environment constraints is evaluated through multi-layer composite sleeve hole expansion analysis, forming a theoretical framework for calculating the working yielding force. Laboratory and in-situ pull-out tests are conducted to determine the yielding performance and validate the analytical theory. The main conclusions are: (1) Yielding force and energy-release capacity increase with ω, significantly outperforming the unconfined state. (2) In-situ tests under varying rockmass and geostress conditions (F1–F3) determine the yielding force increases to 183.4–290.1, 204.0–290.8, and 235.0–327.1 kN. (3) The slight deviation (–12.5% to 6.2%) between the theoretical and measured yielding force confirms that the analytical theory effectively describes the working yielding performance. (4) ω increases with higher geostress and improved rock mechanical properties, with initial geostress (σ₀) and elastic modulus of surrounding rock (E₃) identified as critical parameters.

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引用次数: 0

Ensemble prediction modeling of flotation recovery based on machine learning 基于机器学习的浮选回收率集成预测建模

IF 11.7 1区工程技术 Q1 MINING & MINERAL PROCESSING

International Journal of Mining Science and Technology

Pub Date : 2024-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijmst.2024.11.012

Guichun He , Mengfei Liu , Hongyu Zhao , Kaiqi Huang

With the rise of artificial intelligence (AI) in mineral processing, predicting the flotation indexes has attracted significant research attention. Nevertheless, current prediction models suffer from low accuracy and high prediction errors. Therefore, this paper utilizes a two-step procedure. First, the outliers are processed using the box chart method and filtering algorithm. Then, the decision tree (DT), support vector regression (SVR), random forest (RF), and the bagging, boosting, and stacking integration algorithms are employed to construct a flotation recovery prediction model. Extensive experiments compared the prediction accuracy of six modeling methods on flotation recovery and delved into the impact of diverse base model combinations on the stacking model’s prediction accuracy. In addition, field data have verified the model’s effectiveness. This study demonstrates that the stacking ensemble approaches, which uses ten variables to predict flotation recovery, yields a more favorable prediction effect than the bagging ensemble approach and single models, achieving MAE, RMSE, R², and MRE scores of 0.929, 1.370, 0.843, and 1.229%, respectively. The hit rates, within an error range of ±2% and ±4%, are 82.4% and 94.6%. Consequently, the prediction effect is relatively precise and offers significant value in the context of actual production.

随着人工智能在选矿领域的兴起，浮选指标的预测已成为研究热点。然而，目前的预测模型存在精度低、预测误差大的问题。因此，本文采用两步法。首先，采用框图法和滤波算法对异常点进行处理。然后，采用决策树（DT）、支持向量回归（SVR）、随机森林（RF）以及套袋、提升和堆叠积分算法构建浮选回收率预测模型。通过大量实验比较了6种建模方法对浮选回收率的预测精度，探讨了不同基模型组合对叠加模型预测精度的影响。现场数据验证了该模型的有效性。研究表明，采用10个变量的叠加系综方法预测浮选回收率的预测效果优于套袋系综方法和单一模型，MAE、RMSE、R2和MRE得分分别为0.929、1.370、0.843和1.229%。在±2%和±4%的误差范围内，准确率分别为82.4%和94.6%。因此，预测效果相对精确，在实际生产中具有重要价值。

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引用次数: 0

Enhancing mine groundwater system prediction: Full-process simulation of mining-induced spatio-temporal variations in hydraulic conductivities via modularized modeling 加强矿山地下水系统预测：基于模块化建模的采动诱导水力导度时空变化全过程模拟

IF 11.7 1区工程技术 Q1 MINING & MINERAL PROCESSING

International Journal of Mining Science and Technology

Pub Date : 2024-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijmst.2024.11.014

Shihao Meng , Qiang Wu , Yifan Zeng , Leiyu Gu

The intricate interplay between rock mechanics and fracture-induced fluid flow during resource extraction exerts profound effects on groundwater systems, posing a pivotal challenge for promoting green and safe development in underground engineering. To address this, a novel numerical model with an explicit coupling simulation strategy is presented. This model integrates distinct modules for individual physical mechanisms, ensuring second-order accuracy through shared time integration, thereby overcoming limitations in simulating mining-induced strata damage, water flow, and permeability dynamics. A novel mathematical model is incorporated into the mechanical simulation to characterize the abrupt increase in permeability resulting from rock fracture propagation. This increase is quantified by evaluating the plastic damage state of rocks and incorporating a damage coefficient that is intrinsically linked to rock strength. The mechanical model tracks permeability changes due to mining. The flow model simulates aquifer-mine water interactions by calculating hydraulic conductivity and using dynamic zoning, adapting to mining progress. When applied to a case study of a complex mine, this approach significantly improved the accuracy of water inflow rate predictions by 57%.

资源开采过程中岩石力学与裂缝诱导流体流动之间复杂的相互作用对地下水系统产生了深远的影响，对促进地下工程绿色安全发展提出了关键挑战。为了解决这一问题，提出了一种新的具有显式耦合仿真策略的数值模型。该模型为单个物理机制集成了不同的模块，通过共享时间积分确保了二阶精度，从而克服了模拟采矿引起的地层损伤、水流和渗透率动力学的局限性。在力学模拟中引入了一种新的数学模型来描述岩石裂缝扩展导致的渗透率突然增加。这种增加是通过评估岩石的塑性损伤状态和纳入与岩石强度内在联系的损伤系数来量化的。力学模型跟踪了开采引起的渗透率变化。该渗流模型通过计算水力导率，采用动态分区法模拟含水层与矿井水的相互作用，适应矿山开采进度。将该方法应用于某复杂矿山的实例研究中，其涌水量预测精度显著提高了57%。

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引用次数: 0

Failure mechanisms of roadways with non-coplanar axial direction and stress space: True triaxial test and mechanical analysis 轴向与应力空间非共面巷道破坏机理：真三轴试验与力学分析

IF 11.7 1区工程技术 Q1 MINING & MINERAL PROCESSING

International Journal of Mining Science and Technology

Pub Date : 2024-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijmst.2024.11.009

Zongyu Ma , Jianping Zuo

The axial direction of a roadway often forms a certain spatial angle with the in-situ stress field. Variations in the spatial angles can lead to differences in the stress environment in which the roadway is exposed. Different forms of failure characteristics occur in the roadway. In order to study the failure mechanism with different spatial characteristics, rock-like material specimens with holes in 9 different horizontal and vertical angles were designed. The true triaxial test system was used to carry out the test with the same loading path. The results show that the horizontal angle

α

and vertical angle

β

have a significant effect on the specimen strength, specimen rupture angle, and the form of spalling failure in the hole. The spatial angle leads to the formation of asymmetric heterotype V-notches in both sides within the hole. The asymmetry is evident in both the depth and extent of spalling. The strength of the specimen increases and then decreases with increasing vertical angle

β

. The rupture angle increases and then decreases with increasing horizontal angle

α

and increases with the increase of the vertical angle

β

. The stress analytical model of the specimen under three-dimensional compression was established. The distribution of principal stresses around the holes was theoretically analyzed. It is found that the presence of spatial angle changes the distribution of principal stresses around the hole from symmetric to asymmetric distribution. The shift of the principal stresses is responsible for the change from a V-notch to a heterotype V-notch.

巷道轴向往往与地应力场形成一定的空间角。空间角度的变化会导致巷道暴露应力环境的不同。巷道中出现不同形式的破坏特征。为了研究不同空间特征的破坏机理，设计了9个不同水平和垂直角度的孔洞类岩石材料试件。采用真三轴试验系统，在相同加载路径下进行试验。结果表明：水平角α和垂直角β对试样强度、试样破裂角和孔内剥落破坏形式有显著影响；空间角度导致孔内两侧形成不对称异型v型缺口。这种不对称在剥落的深度和程度上都很明显。试样强度随垂直角β的增大先增大后减小。破裂角随水平角α的增大先增大后减小，随垂直角β的增大而增大。建立了试件在三维压缩作用下的应力分析模型。对孔洞周围主应力的分布进行了理论分析。发现空间角的存在使孔周围主应力的分布由对称变为不对称。主应力的转移是v型缺口向异型v型缺口转变的主要原因。

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引用次数: 0

Enhancing CO2 mitigation potential and mechanical properties of shotcrete in underground mining utilizing microbially induced calcium carbonate precipitation

IF 11.7 1区工程技术 Q1 MINING & MINERAL PROCESSING

International Journal of Mining Science and Technology

Pub Date : 2024-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijmst.2024.11.007

Qiusong Chen , Xinyi Yuan , Aixiang Wu , Yikai Liu

Achieving low-carbon development in the mining sector is fundamental for global carbon emissions abatement, especially considering the growing demand for mineral resources. Currently, the energy footprint of mines emerges as the main carbon contributor. While cleaner energy sources have the potential for reducing emissions, transitioning to these sources remains challenging. This study presents a practical CO₂ mitigation strategy for underground mining by integrating bacteria into shotcrete to enhance excavation. The findings demonstrate that bacteria can capture CO₂ from the atmosphere, thereby increasing the carbonation reactions. X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM) and energy dispersive spectrometer (EDS) analysis shows the captured CO₂ present in the forms of calcite, vaterite, and aragonite. The formed carbonates intermingled with the precipitated calcium-silicate-hydrate (C-S-H) at relatively low bacteria additions, densifying the cementitious matrix and improving the mechanical properties. However, high bacteria concentrations lead to excess carbonates that consume C-S-H precipitation, counteracting the benefits of carbonation and reducing mechanical strength. Optimal results were achieved with 0.3% bacteria by mass fraction, potentially mitigating 0.34 kg/m² of CO₂, which is approximately equivalent 567 g of CO₂ absorbed by 1 g of bacteria based on the effectiveness demonstrated in this study. These findings are crucial for advancing emissions control in mining and supporting climate goals outlined in the Paris Agreement.

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引用次数: 0

An innovative test method for mechanical properties of sandstone under instantaneous unloading confining pressure 一种创新的砂岩瞬时卸围压力学性能试验方法

IF 11.7 1区工程技术 Q1 MINING & MINERAL PROCESSING

International Journal of Mining Science and Technology

Pub Date : 2024-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijmst.2024.11.011

Xuesheng Liu , Shenglong Yang , Yunliang Tan , Jun Wang , Xuebin Li , Yu Zhang

With the increase of underground engineering construction depth, the phenomenon of surrounding rock sudden failure caused by supporting structure failure occurs frequently. The conventional unloading confining pressure (CUCP) test cannot simulate the plastic yielding and instantaneous unloading process of supporting structure to rock. Thus, a high stress loading-instantaneous unloading confining pressure (HSL-IUCP) test method was proposed and applied by considering bolt’s fracture under stress. The wall thickness of confining pressure plates and the material of bolts were changed to realize different confining pressure loading stiffness (CPLS) and lateral maximum allowable deformation (LMAD). The superiority of HSL-ICPU method is verified compared with CUCP. The rock failure mechanism caused by sudden failure of supporting structure is obtained. The results show that when CPLS increases from 1.35 to 2.33 GN/m, rock’s peak strength and elastic modulus increase by 25.18% and 23.70%, respectively. The fracture characteristics change from tensile failure to tensile-shear mixed failure. When LMAD decreases from 0.40 to 0.16 mm, rock’s residual strength, peak strain, and residual strain decrease by 91.80%, 16.94%, and 21.92%, respectively, and post-peak drop modulus increases by 140.47%. The test results obtained by this method are closer to rock’s real mechanical response characteristics compared with CUCP.

随着地下工程施工深度的增加，支护结构破坏引起的围岩突然破坏现象频繁发生。常规卸载围压试验不能模拟支护结构对岩石的塑性屈服和瞬时卸载过程。为此，提出并应用了考虑锚杆在应力作用下断裂的高应力加载-瞬时卸载围压（HSL-IUCP）试验方法。通过改变围压板的壁厚和螺栓的材料，实现不同的围压加载刚度和侧向最大允许变形。通过与CUCP方法的比较，验证了HSL-ICPU方法的优越性。得到了支护结构突然破坏引起岩石破坏的机理。结果表明：当cpl由1.35 GN/m增加到2.33 GN/m时，岩石峰值强度和弹性模量分别提高25.18%和23.70%；断裂特征由拉伸破坏转变为拉剪混合破坏。当LMAD从0.40 mm减小到0.16 mm时，岩石的残余强度、峰值应变和残余应变分别降低了91.80%、16.94%和21.92%，峰后跌落模量增加了140.47%。与CUCP方法相比，该方法得到的试验结果更接近岩石的真实力学响应特性。

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引用次数: 0

A novel sulfidization system for enhancing hemimorphite flotation through Cu/Pb binary metal ions 铜/铅二元金属离子强化半亚铁精矿浮选的新型硫化体系

IF 11.7 1区工程技术 Q1 MINING & MINERAL PROCESSING

International Journal of Mining Science and Technology

Pub Date : 2024-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijmst.2024.11.008

Qicheng Feng, Yingchao Zhang, Ga Zhang, Guang Han, Wenjuan Zhao

The low reactivity of hemimorphite surfaces hinders the effective action of sulfidizing agents and xanthate, resulting in unsatisfactory flotation performance. To enhance the surface reactivity of hemimorphite with sulfidizing agents and xanthate, Cu/Pb binary metal ions were introduced into the sulfidization flotation system to enhance the sulfidization process and thereby promote hemimorphite flotation. The flotation results demonstrated a remarkable improvement in the hemimorphite flotation recovery when Cu/Pb binary metal ions were added prior to sulfidization. The flotation recovery of hemimorphite increased from less than 5% to over 80%. After strengthening the sulfidization of hemimorphite with Cu/Pb binary metal ions, the mineral surface formed multicomponent sulfide products composed of zinc, copper, and lead sulfide. The reactivity of the copper-lead sulfide components exceeds that of the zinc sulfide component; thus, the enhancement by Cu/Pb binary metal ions not only increases the content of sulfide products on the hemimorphite surface but also augments their reactivity. Contact angle and adsorption experiments indicated that after enhanced sulfidization with Cu/Pb binary metal ions, the hemimorphite surface adsorbed a greater amount of xanthate, significantly increasing the mineral surface hydrophobicity. Consequently, the enhanced sulfidization by Cu/Pb binary metal ions effectively improved the flotation behavior of hemimorphite, presenting an innovative sulfidization system for the flotation recovery of zinc silicate minerals in zinc oxide ores.

半亚铁矿表面的低反应性阻碍了硫化剂和黄药的有效作用，导致浮选效果不理想。为了提高半亚铁精矿与硫化剂和黄药的表面反应性，在硫化浮选体系中引入Cu/Pb二元金属离子，加快硫化过程，从而促进半亚铁精矿浮选。结果表明，在硫化前添加Cu/Pb二元金属离子可显著提高半亚铁精矿的浮选回收率。半亚铁精矿的浮选回收率从不到5%提高到80%以上。半亚铁岩经Cu/Pb二元金属离子强化硫化后，矿物表面形成由锌、铜、铅组成的多组分硫化物产物。所述铜铅硫化物组分的反应性超过所述硫化锌组分；因此，Cu/Pb二元金属离子的增强不仅增加了半亚晶表面硫化物产物的含量，而且增强了半亚晶表面的反应活性。接触角和吸附实验表明，经Cu/Pb二元金属离子强化硫化后，半亚铁原石表面吸附了更多的黄药，显著提高了矿物表面的疏水性。因此，Cu/Pb二元金属离子强化硫化能有效改善半亚铁精矿的浮选行为，为氧化锌矿石中硅酸锌矿物的浮选回收提供了一种创新的硫化体系。

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引用次数: 0

Combining first principles and machine learning for rapid assessment response of WO3 based gas sensors 结合第一性原理和机器学习的WO3基气体传感器快速评估响应

IF 11.7 1区工程技术 Q1 MINING & MINERAL PROCESSING

International Journal of Mining Science and Technology

Pub Date : 2024-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijmst.2024.12.001

Ran Zhang , Guo Chen , Shasha Gao , Lu Chen , Yongchao Cheng , Xiuquan Gu , Yue Wang

The rapid advancement of gas sensitive properties in metal oxides is crucial for detecting hazardous gases in industrial and coal mining environments. However, the conventional experimental trial and error approach poses significant challenges and resource consumption for the high throughput screening of gas sensitive materials. Consequently, this paper introduced a novel screening approach that integrates first principles with machine learning (ML) to rapidly predict the gas sensitivity of materials. Initially, a comprehensive database of multi-physical parameters was established by modeling various adsorption sites on the surface of WO₃, which serves as a representative material. Since density functional theory (DFT) is one of the first principles, DFT calculations were conducted to derive essential multi-physical parameters, including bandgap, density of states (DOS), Fermi level, adsorption energy, and structural modifications resulting from adsorption. The collected data was subsequently utilized to develop a correlation model linking the multi-physical parameters to gas sensitive performance using intelligent algorithms. The model’s performance was assessed through receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves, confusion matrices, and other evaluation metrics, ultimately achieving a prediction accuracy of 90% for identifying key features influencing gas adsorption performance. This proposed strategy for predicting the gas sensitive characteristics of materials holds significant potential for application in identifying additional gas sensitive properties across various materials.

金属氧化物气敏特性的快速发展对工业和煤矿环境中有害气体的检测至关重要。然而，传统的实验试错方法对气敏材料的高通量筛选带来了巨大的挑战和资源消耗。因此，本文介绍了一种新的筛选方法，该方法将第一性原理与机器学习（ML）相结合，以快速预测材料的气敏性。首先，通过对代表材料WO3表面的各种吸附位点进行建模，建立了一个综合的多物理参数数据库。由于密度泛函理论（DFT）是首要原理之一，因此DFT计算可以推导出基本的多物理参数，包括带隙、态密度（DOS）、费米能级、吸附能和由吸附引起的结构修饰。随后，利用收集到的数据建立一个关联模型，利用智能算法将多物理参数与气敏性能联系起来。通过受试者工作特征（ROC）曲线、混淆矩阵和其他评价指标对模型的性能进行评估，最终在识别影响气体吸附性能的关键特征方面实现了90%的预测精度。这种预测材料气敏特性的策略在识别各种材料的附加气敏特性方面具有重要的应用潜力。

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引用次数: 0

IFC: Editorial

IF 11.7 1区工程技术 Q1 MINING & MINERAL PROCESSING

International Journal of Mining Science and Technology

Pub Date : 2024-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/S2095-2686(24)00179-4

引用次数: 0

Improving recovery in sublevel top coal caving mining by using partially reverse drawing technique 采用部分反放技术提高分段放顶煤回采率

IF 11.7 1区工程技术 Q1 MINING & MINERAL PROCESSING

International Journal of Mining Science and Technology

Pub Date : 2024-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijmst.2024.11.010

Jinwang Zhang , Dongliang Cheng , Jiachen Wang , Shengli Yang , Xiaohang Wan , Xinyang Li

The sublevel top coal caving (SLTCC) mining technology is extensively employed in steeply inclined thick coal seams. Because of the typical characteristics of the short coal face in this mining method, a significant portion of the top coal is lost at the face end. For reducing the coal loss, the partially reverse drawing technique (PRDT) is proposed as a novel top coal drawing technique. Meanwhile, based on the Bergmark-Roos model (B-R model), a theoretical method for calculating the recovery ratio of top coal based on the top coal boundary equation and residual top coal amount is proposed. The mechanism of PRDT to reduce top coal loss at the face end is revealed by comparing with single-round sequential drawing technique (SSDT). Physical experiments and in-site observation data were used to verify the theoretical model. The results show that PRDT can effectively reduce the amount of residual coal near the roof by optimizing the shape characteristics of top coal boundary. Suggestions for improve recovery ratio in Wudong Coal Mine were given based on its face parameters.

分段放顶煤开采技术在急倾斜厚煤层中得到了广泛的应用。由于该开采方法工作面短的典型特点，工作面末端有相当一部分顶煤损失。为了减少煤的损失，提出了部分反放煤技术作为一种新的放煤技术。同时，基于Bergmark-Roos模型（B-R模型），提出了一种基于顶煤边界方程和顶煤剩余量计算顶煤回收率的理论方法。通过与单轮序放技术（SSDT）的对比，揭示了PRDT降低工作面顶煤损失的机理。利用物理实验和现场观测数据对理论模型进行了验证。结果表明，PRDT通过优化顶煤边界形状特征，可以有效减少顶板附近残煤量。根据武东煤矿工作面参数，提出了提高采收率的建议。

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引用次数: 0