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Mine surveying science and technology for contemporary and future mining industries 矿山测量科学与技术为当代和未来的矿业
IF 13.7 1区 工程技术 Q1 MINING & MINERAL PROCESSING Pub Date : 2026-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijmst.2025.12.010
Zhengfu Bian , Qiuzhao Zhang , Runfa Tong , Nanshan Zheng , Axel Preusse
Mine surveying is an indispensable and crucial basic technical work in the process of mineral resource development. It plays an important role throughout the entire life cycle of a mine, from exploration, design, construction, and production to closure, and is known as the “eyes of the mine”. With the rapid development of satellite technology, computer science, artificial intelligence, robotics, and spatiotemporal big data, mine surveying science and technology supported by spatial information technology is increasingly playing the role of the “brain of the mine”. This paper systematically summarizes the characteristics of mining surveying science and technology in contemporary and future mining development. First, based on the requirements of safe, efficient, and green development in modern mining, an analysis is conducted on the innovative practices of intelligent mining methods; secondly, it explains the transformation of regional economic and mining economic integration towards lengthening the industrial chain and scientific and technological innovation. Regarding intelligent mining, this paper discusses three technical dimensions: (1) By establishing a spatiotemporal data model of the mine, real-time perception and remote intelligent control of the production system are realized; (2) Based on the transparent mine three-dimensional geological modelling technology, the accuracy of geological condition prediction and the scientific nature of mining decisions are significantly improved; (3) By integrating multi-source remote sensing data and deep learning algorithms, a high-precision coal and rock identification system is constructed. The study further revealed the innovative application value of mine surveying in the post-mining era, including: diversified utilization of underground space in mining areas (tourism development, geothermal energy storage, pumped storage, etc.), multi-platform remote sensing coordinated ecological restoration monitoring, and optimized land space planning in mining areas. Practice has proved that mine surveying technology is an important technical engine for promoting green transformation and high-quality development in resource-based regions, and has irreplaceable strategic significance for achieving coordinated development of energy, economy, and environment.
矿山测量是矿产资源开发过程中不可缺少的重要基础技术工作。它在矿山从勘探、设计、施工、生产到关闭的整个生命周期中发挥着重要作用,被称为“矿山的眼睛”。随着卫星技术、计算机科学、人工智能、机器人技术、时空大数据等技术的快速发展,以空间信息技术为支撑的矿山测量科学技术日益发挥着“矿山大脑”的作用。本文系统地总结了矿山测量科学技术在当代和未来矿山发展中的特点。首先,基于现代矿业安全、高效、绿色发展的要求,分析了智能采矿方法的创新实践;其次,解释了区域经济和矿业经济一体化向产业链延伸和科技创新的转变。针对智能采矿,本文从三个技术维度进行了探讨:(1)通过建立矿山的时空数据模型,实现对生产系统的实时感知和远程智能控制;(2)透明矿山三维地质建模技术显著提高了地质条件预测的准确性和采矿决策的科学性;(3)通过整合多源遥感数据和深度学习算法,构建了高精度煤岩识别系统。研究进一步揭示了后采矿时代矿山测量的创新应用价值,包括:矿区地下空间的多元化利用(旅游开发、地热能蓄能、抽水蓄能等)、多平台遥感协同生态恢复监测、矿区土地空间优化规划等。实践证明,矿山测量技术是推动资源型地区绿色转型和高质量发展的重要技术引擎,对实现能源、经济、环境协调发展具有不可替代的战略意义。
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引用次数: 0
Occurrence modes and comprehensive utilization of critical metal resources associated with coal: A review 煤伴生关键金属资源赋存方式及综合利用研究进展
IF 13.7 1区 工程技术 Q1 MINING & MINERAL PROCESSING Pub Date : 2026-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijmst.2025.11.013
Qin Zhang , Wei Cheng , Tiebin Zhang , Hongbo Liu , Jiwei Yuan , Aoao Chen , Tingshun Wang , Qian Liu , Jianghe Wang
Coal serves not only as a crucial energy resource but also as a significant reservoir of critical metal elements, including Lithium (Li), Gallium (Ga), Germanium (Ge), and rare earth elements (REE). This paper provides a systematic review of the enrichment characteristics, occurrence modes, and comprehensive utilization potential of these critical metals in coal. Globally, the distribution of these metal resources exhibits significant regional heterogeneity. While the concentration in most coals falls below industrial cut-off grades, anomalous enrichment in specific coal basins results in Li, Ga, Ge, and REE concentrations far exceeding global averages, highlighting their considerable potential as unconventional metal deposits. The occurrence modes of these metals are diverse: Li is primarily hosted in mineral phases; Ga exists in inorganic, organic, and complex forms; Ge shows a strong association with organic matter; and REE are mainly present in adsorbed/isomorphic forms within clay minerals, while also displaying organic affinity. Direct extraction of metals from raw coal is often cost-prohibitive; effective recovery is therefore more feasible when integrated with coal processing. Metals are further enriched in solid wastes such as coal gangue, fly ash, and bottom ash, from which recovery is more economically and technically viable. Current comprehensive utilization primarily employs integrated mineral processing-hydrometallurgy approaches. Future research should focus on elucidating the precise occurrence forms of metals in coal and solid wastes, optimizing pre-treatment methods, and selecting effective activators and leachants. Advancing the synergistic extraction and green recovery of multiple associated resources from coal and its by-products is essential for achieving high-value, comprehensive utilization of coal-based resources.
煤不仅是重要的能源资源,也是重要的金属元素,包括锂(Li)、镓(Ga)、锗(Ge)和稀土元素(REE)的重要储层。本文系统综述了这些关键金属在煤中的富集特征、赋存方式及综合利用潜力。在全球范围内,这些金属资源的分布呈现出明显的区域异质性。虽然大多数煤的浓度低于工业临界值,但在特定煤盆地的异常富集导致Li, Ga, Ge和REE浓度远远超过全球平均水平,突出了它们作为非常规金属矿床的巨大潜力。这些金属的赋存方式多种多样:Li主要赋存于矿物相中;Ga以无机、有机和复杂形式存在;Ge与有机质有较强的联系;稀土元素主要以吸附/同构形式存在于粘土矿物中,同时也表现出有机亲和性。从原煤中直接提取金属往往成本过高;因此,有效回收与煤炭加工相结合更为可行。金属在诸如煤矸石、粉煤灰和底灰等固体废物中进一步富集,从中回收在经济和技术上都更加可行。目前的综合利用主要采用选矿-湿法冶金一体化的方法。今后的研究应集中在明确金属在煤和固体废物中的确切赋存形态、优化预处理方法、选择有效的活化剂和浸出剂等方面。推进煤炭及其副产品多种伴生资源的协同开采和绿色回收,是实现煤基资源高价值综合利用的必要条件。
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引用次数: 0
Storage coefficient modeling and capacity evaluation of coal mine underground reservoirs considering gangue deformation and goaf structure 考虑矸石变形和采空区结构的煤矿地下储层储集系数建模及容量评价
IF 13.7 1区 工程技术 Q1 MINING & MINERAL PROCESSING Pub Date : 2026-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijmst.2025.12.001
Yinghu Li , Qiangling Yao , Feng Zong , Ze Xia , Qiang Xu , Liqiang Yu , Kaixuan Liu , Haitao Li
Coal mine underground reservoirs help address the severe water imbalance in ecologically fragile mining regions of western China, but evaluating their storage capacity remains challenging due to the coupled effects of gangue deformation, saturation, and goaf geometry. This study investigates the deformation and void evolution of fragmented gangue with varying lithologies, particle sizes, and water contents through an independent-developed testing system and theoretical model. A planar micro-unit model and a three-dimensional spatial structure model are proposed to quantify the storage coefficient and total reservoir capacity of underground water storage structures. These models incorporate the effects of stratified lithologies, saturation-induced softening, and spatially distributed stress conditions. The methodology is applied to the underground reservoir in Chahasu coal mine, and the results show that under increasing stress, storage coefficients decline exponentially, with pronounced differences between single- and double-lithology structures. The storage coefficient in the spatial model demonstrate greater resilience to stress concentration compared to planar models, and further analysis identifies critical thresholds in roof fracture distances and stress-recovery times affecting long-term storage performance. This research provides a comprehensive framework for evaluating underground reservoir storage potential, offering theoretical support and engineering guidance for the sustainable utilization of mine water.
煤矿地下水库有助于解决西部生态脆弱矿区严重的水资源不平衡问题,但由于矸石变形、饱和度和采空区几何形状的耦合影响,地下水库的库容评价仍然具有挑战性。本研究通过自主开发的测试系统和理论模型,研究了不同岩性、粒度和含水量的破碎矸石的变形和孔隙演化。提出了平面微单元模型和三维空间结构模型来量化地下蓄水结构的蓄水系数和总库容。这些模型考虑了分层岩性、饱和诱发软化和空间分布应力条件的影响。将该方法应用于察哈苏煤矿地下储层,结果表明:在应力增大的情况下,储层系数呈指数级下降,单、双岩性结构差异明显。与平面模型相比,空间模型中的存储系数对应力集中表现出更强的弹性,进一步分析确定了影响长期存储性能的顶板裂缝距离和应力恢复时间的临界阈值。该研究为地下水库蓄水潜力评价提供了一个综合框架,为矿井水的可持续利用提供了理论支持和工程指导。
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引用次数: 0
Fracture characteristics and fracture interface buckling mechanism of cantilever rock mass under non-uniformly distributed load 非均布荷载作用下悬臂岩体断裂特征及断裂界面屈曲机理
IF 13.7 1区 工程技术 Q1 MINING & MINERAL PROCESSING Pub Date : 2026-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijmst.2025.12.002
Wenlong Shen , Ziqiang Chen , Meng Wang , Jianbiao Bai , Zhengyuan Qin , Tongqiang Xiao , Ningkang Meng , Juntao Liu , Yan Gai , Hua Nan
This study examined non-uniform loading in goaf cantilever rock masses via testing, modeling, and mechanical analysis to solve instantaneous fracture and section buckling from mining abutment pressure. The study investigates the non-uniform load gradient effect on fracture characteristics, including load characteristics, fracture location, fracture distribution, and section roughness. A digital model for fracture interface buckling analysis was developed, elucidating the influence of non-uniform load gradients on Fracture Interface Curvature (FIC), Buckling Rate of Change (BRC), and Buckling Domain Field (BDF). The findings reveal that nonlinear tensile stress concentration and abrupt tensile-compressive-shear strain mutations under non-uniform loading are fundamental mechanisms driving fracture path buckling in cantilever rock mass structures. The buckling process of rock mass under non-uniform load can be divided into two stages: low load gradient and high gradient load. In the stage of low gradient load, the buckling behavior is mainly reflected in the compression-shear fracture of the edge. In the stage of high gradient load, a buckling band along the loading direction is gradually formed in the rock mass. These buckling principles establish a theoretical basis for accurately characterizing bearing fractures, fracture interface instability, and vibration sources within overlying cantilever rock masses in goaf.
本研究通过测试、建模和力学分析来研究采空区悬臂岩体的非均匀载荷,以解决采矿支承压力造成的瞬时断裂和截面屈曲问题。研究了非均匀载荷梯度对断裂特性的影响,包括载荷特性、断裂位置、断裂分布和截面粗糙度。建立了断裂界面屈曲分析的数字模型,阐明了非均匀载荷梯度对断裂界面曲率(FIC)、屈曲变化率(BRC)和屈曲域场(BDF)的影响。研究结果表明,非均匀荷载作用下的非线性拉应力集中和拉-压-剪应变突变是悬臂岩体结构断裂路径屈曲的基本机制。岩体在非均匀荷载作用下的屈曲过程可分为低梯度荷载和高梯度荷载两个阶段。在低梯度荷载阶段,屈曲行为主要表现为边缘的压剪断裂。在高梯度加载阶段,岩体沿加载方向逐渐形成屈曲带。这些屈曲原理为准确表征采空区上覆悬臂岩体的承载裂隙、裂隙界面失稳和振动源奠定了理论基础。
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引用次数: 0
Thermo-mechanical damage behavior of the interface between hybrid alkali-resistant glass fiber-reinforced concrete and rock under high and variable temperature conditions 高温和变温条件下混杂耐碱玻璃纤维增强混凝土与岩石界面的热-力学损伤行为
IF 13.7 1区 工程技术 Q1 MINING & MINERAL PROCESSING Pub Date : 2026-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijmst.2025.11.014
Cong Zhang , Zhen Xu , Shanyong Wang , Chong Shi , Hui Wang , Yonggang Zhang , Guoqing Chen
Thermal-mechanical damage and deformation at the interface between shotcrete linings and the surrounding rock of tunnels under high-temperature and variable-temperature conditions are critical to the safe construction and operation of tunnel engineering. This study investigated the thermo-mechanical damage behavior of the composite interface between alkali-resistant glass fiber-reinforced concrete (ARGFRC) and granite, focusing on a plateau railway tunnel. Laboratory triaxial tests, laser scanning, XRD analysis, numerical simulations, and theoretical analyses were employed to investigate how different initial curing temperatures and joint roughness coefficient (JRC) influence interfacial damage behavior. The results indicate that an increase in interface roughness exacerbates the structural damage at the interface. At a JRC of 19.9 and a temperature of 70 °C, crack initiation in granite was notably restrained when the confining pressure rose from 7 MPa to 10 MPa. Roughness-induced stress distribution at the interface was notably altered, although this effect became less pronounced under high confining pressure conditions. Additionally, during high-temperature curing, thermal stress concentration at the tips of micro-convex protrusions on the granite surface induced microcracks in the adjacent ARGFRC matrix, followed by deformation. These findings provide practical guidelines for designing concrete support systems to ensure tunnel structural safety in high-altitude regions with harsh thermal environments.
高温变温条件下隧道喷射混凝土衬砌与围岩界面的热力学损伤与变形对隧道工程的安全施工和运行至关重要。以某高原铁路隧道为研究对象,研究了耐碱玻璃纤维增强混凝土(ARGFRC)与花岗岩复合界面的热力学损伤行为。通过室内三轴试验、激光扫描、XRD分析、数值模拟和理论分析,研究了不同初始固化温度和接缝粗糙度系数(JRC)对界面损伤行为的影响。结果表明,界面粗糙度的增大加剧了界面处的结构损伤。当JRC为19.9,围压为70℃时,围压从7 MPa增加到10 MPa,花岗岩的裂纹萌生受到明显抑制。界面处粗糙度引起的应力分布发生了明显的变化,尽管在高围压条件下这种影响不那么明显。高温养护过程中,花岗岩表面微凸点尖端的热应力集中导致相邻ARGFRC基体出现微裂纹,继而发生变形。这些研究结果为设计混凝土支护系统以确保高海拔地区恶劣热环境下隧道结构的安全提供了实用指南。
{"title":"Thermo-mechanical damage behavior of the interface between hybrid alkali-resistant glass fiber-reinforced concrete and rock under high and variable temperature conditions","authors":"Cong Zhang ,&nbsp;Zhen Xu ,&nbsp;Shanyong Wang ,&nbsp;Chong Shi ,&nbsp;Hui Wang ,&nbsp;Yonggang Zhang ,&nbsp;Guoqing Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.ijmst.2025.11.014","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijmst.2025.11.014","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Thermal-mechanical damage and deformation at the interface between shotcrete linings and the surrounding rock of tunnels under high-temperature and variable-temperature conditions are critical to the safe construction and operation of tunnel engineering. This study investigated the thermo-mechanical damage behavior of the composite interface between alkali-resistant glass fiber-reinforced concrete (ARGFRC) and granite, focusing on a plateau railway tunnel. Laboratory triaxial tests, laser scanning, XRD analysis, numerical simulations, and theoretical analyses were employed to investigate how different initial curing temperatures and joint roughness coefficient (JRC) influence interfacial damage behavior. The results indicate that an increase in interface roughness exacerbates the structural damage at the interface. At a JRC of 19.9 and a temperature of 70 °C, crack initiation in granite was notably restrained when the confining pressure rose from 7 MPa to 10 MPa. Roughness-induced stress distribution at the interface was notably altered, although this effect became less pronounced under high confining pressure conditions. Additionally, during high-temperature curing, thermal stress concentration at the tips of micro-convex protrusions on the granite surface induced microcracks in the adjacent ARGFRC matrix, followed by deformation. These findings provide practical guidelines for designing concrete support systems to ensure tunnel structural safety in high-altitude regions with harsh thermal environments.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48625,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Mining Science and Technology","volume":"36 2","pages":"Pages 399-421"},"PeriodicalIF":13.7,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145784970","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Effects of intermediate principal stress on strainburst in granite: Insights from true-triaxial unloading experiments and PFC3D-GBM simulations 中间主应力对花岗岩应变爆发的影响:来自真三轴卸载试验和PFC3D-GBM模拟的见解
IF 13.7 1区 工程技术 Q1 MINING & MINERAL PROCESSING Pub Date : 2026-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijmst.2025.11.012
Hongru Li , Manchao He , Tai Cheng , Yafei Qiao , Dongqiao Liu , Jie Hu , Yingming Xiao
To improve the accuracy of rockburst risk evaluation in mining and tunnelling engineering, the influence of intermediate principal stress σ2 deserves further consideration, which has been neglected in general prediction frameworks. This study employs an integrated approach that combines true-triaxial unloading experiments with three-dimensional grain-based discrete element modeling (PFC3D-GBM) to examine the effects of σ2 on strain systematically burst and elucidate the underlying mechanisms. Through this dual experimental–numerical methodology, the strainburst characteristics under varying σ2 are analyzed in detail regarding mechanical responses, failure evolution and patterns, microscope fracture mechanisms, and energy partitioning. The results indicate that elevated σ2 can enhance the bearing capacity of rock, thereby necessitating a higher stress condition required for strainburst. However, it also enlarges the potential strainburst intensity, manifesting as deeper rockburst pits and more violent ejection of rock fragments. An increasing σ2 facilitates the microscope transgranular fractures, inhibits intergranular tensile fractures, and raises the kinetic energy conversion ratio slightly. It affects the intensity of strainburst through the following mechanisms, including the increase of energy storage limit, the intensification of Poisson effect for lateral expansion, and the enhancement of the transgranular fracturing mechanism. In practical engineering, the depth and range of support needs to be ensured under high σ2 conditions, and it is recommended to use prestressing techniques to control the development of significant slabbing.
为了提高矿山掘进工程岩爆危险性评价的准确性,一般预测框架中忽略的中间主应力σ2的影响值得进一步考虑。本研究采用真三轴卸载试验与三维基于晶粒的离散元建模(PFC3D-GBM)相结合的方法,系统研究了σ2对应变破裂的影响,并阐明了其机制。采用实验-数值双重方法,从力学响应、破坏演化与模式、显微断裂机制和能量分配等方面详细分析了不同σ2条件下的应变爆发特征。结果表明,σ2的升高可以提高岩石的承载力,从而提高应变冲击的应力条件。但也增大了潜在的应变冲击强度,表现为岩爆坑越深,岩屑喷射越猛烈。增大的σ2有利于微观穿晶断裂,抑制晶间拉伸断裂,且动能转化率略有提高。影响应变冲击强度的机制主要包括储能极限的提高、横向扩展泊松效应的增强以及穿晶破裂机制的增强。在实际工程中,在高σ2条件下,需要保证支护深度和范围,建议采用预应力技术控制显著板裂的发展。
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引用次数: 0
Quantitative correlation between stress variation and charge signals of loaded coal and its implication for dynamic fracturing of surrounding rock 载煤应力变化与荷电信号的定量关联及其对围岩动力破裂的启示
IF 13.7 1区 工程技术 Q1 MINING & MINERAL PROCESSING Pub Date : 2026-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijmst.2025.12.005
Jinguo Lyu , Zhanpeng Xue , Yishan Pan , Lianpeng Dai , Zhi Tang , Xuebin Wang
<div><div>To address the key scientific challenge of monitoring the dynamic fracturing of surrounding rock in deep roadways, this study systematically investigates the quantitative relationship between stress and charge signals during coal mass loading. By integrating innovative analytical approaches, introducing quantitative evaluation indices, and developing a charge–stress inversion model, and incorporating underground monitoring practices, significant progress has been achieved in elucidating the correlation between stress variations and charge signals throughout the entire coal mass fracturing process. First, in the field of stress–charge correlation analysis, empirical mode decomposition (EMD) was combined with wavelet coherence analysis for the first time, enabling the removal of slow-varying stress trends while retaining high-frequency fluctuations. This approach allowed for the quantitative characterization of the evolution of coherence between stress variations and charge fluctuations across multiple time scales. Second, coherence skewness and the proportion of high-coherence intervals were innovatively introduced to examine the influence of time scale selection on correlation results. On this basis, a criterion for determining the near-optimal observation scale of charge signals was proposed, providing a quantitative reference for time scale selection in similar signal analyses. Finally, by correlating charge signals with coal damage factors and stress states, a charge-based damage evolution equation was established to achieve effective stress inversion. Combined with in situ monitoring of stress and charge in roadway surrounding rock, this approach revealed the correlation characteristics of stress and charge intensity responses during the dynamic fracturing process. The results indicate, first, that charge signals are not significantly correlated with the absolute stress level of coal but are directly associated with stress variations following coal damage and failure, with the amplitude of charge fluctuations increasing alongside stress fluctuations. Second, coherence between stress and charge signals varies markedly across time scales, with excessively small or large scales leading to distortion, and the scale corresponding to the peak proportion of intervals with coherence >0.8 was identified as the near-optimal observation scale. Third, charge signals can effectively characterize coal damage factors, and the established damage evolution equation can effectively invert stress variation trends. Fourth, in underground roadways, zones of dynamic fracturing in surrounding rock are commonly located in areas where stress concentration overlaps with regions of high charge intensity, further confirming the strong consistency between charge and stress variations. These findings improve the theoretical framework of charge signal responses in loaded coal and provide a scientific basis for precise “stress-charge” monitoring of dynamic disa
为了解决深部巷道围岩动态破裂监测的关键科学挑战,本研究系统地研究了煤体加载过程中应力和电荷信号之间的定量关系。通过整合创新的分析方法,引入定量评价指标,建立电荷-应力反演模型,结合地下监测实践,在阐明煤体压裂全过程应力变化与电荷信号的相关性方面取得了重大进展。首先,在应力-电荷相关分析领域,首次将经验模态分解(EMD)与小波相干分析相结合,在保留高频波动的同时去除缓慢变化的应力趋势。这种方法允许在多个时间尺度上定量表征应力变化和电荷波动之间相干性的演变。其次,创新性地引入相干偏度和高相干区间比例,考察时间尺度选择对相关结果的影响。在此基础上,提出了确定电荷信号近最优观测尺度的判据,为同类信号分析时尺度的选择提供了定量参考。最后,将电荷信号与煤体损伤因子和应力状态相关联,建立基于电荷的损伤演化方程,实现有效的应力反演。结合巷道围岩应力与荷电的现场监测,揭示了巷道围岩动态压裂过程中应力与荷电强度响应的相关特征。结果表明:①电荷信号与煤的绝对应力水平无显著相关,但与煤破坏后的应力变化有直接关系,电荷波动幅度随应力波动而增大;(2)应力和电荷信号的相干性在时间尺度上存在显著差异,过小或过大的尺度都会导致畸变,相干度为>;0.8的区间峰值比例对应的尺度为近最优观测尺度。③电荷信号能有效表征煤体损伤因素,建立的损伤演化方程能有效反演应力变化趋势。第四,在地下巷道中,围岩动裂区通常位于应力集中与高电荷强度区域重叠的区域,进一步证实了电荷与应力变化的强一致性。研究结果完善了加载煤荷电信号响应的理论框架,为动力灾害“应力-荷电”精确监测提供了科学依据,具有工程应用潜力。
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引用次数: 0
Mechanical response and pore pressure evolution of cemented paste backfill under deep mine-like multiaxial stress and temperature conditions 深部矿样多轴应力和温度条件下胶结膏体充填体力学响应及孔压演化
IF 13.7 1区 工程技术 Q1 MINING & MINERAL PROCESSING Pub Date : 2026-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijmst.2025.09.013
Hongbin Liu, Mamadou Fall
As underground mining advances to greater depths, cemented paste backfill (CPB) is increasingly subjected to complex thermo-mechanical loading conditions, including multiaxial stress states and elevated temperatures. This study investigates the coupled effects of field-representative vertical self-weight and horizontal rockwall closure stresses, along with in-situ temperatures, on the mechanical behavior and pore water pressure (PWP) evolution of CPB. Experiments were conducted using a novel apparatus capable of controlling multiaxial stress and temperature during curing, replicating in-situ stress paths and thermal profiles typical of deep mine environments. Results show that multiaxial stress enhances CPB strength and stiffness by promoting denser particle packing, reducing porosity, and increasing frictional resistance. Elevated temperatures independently accelerate early-age cement hydration, further improving bond strength and stiffness. When combined, multiaxial stress and elevated temperature produce a synergistic enhancement in unconfined compressive strength (UCS) and elastic modulus, as confirmed by two-way ANOVA and synergy index analysis. PWP responses were also highly sensitive to thermo-mechanical conditions. The evolution of positive and negative PWP was governed by the interplay of thermal expansion, hydration-induced desaturation, and mechanical compaction. Multiaxial stress amplified early positive PWP and delayed its dissipation, whereas elevated temperature accelerated hydration and reduced pore pressure, leading to enhanced suction at later ages. A transient “stress-induced resaturation” effect was observed under late-stage excessive horizontal stress but was mitigated by elevated temperatures. These findings provide critical insights into the coupled mechanical and hydraulic behavior of CPB under realistic field conditions and offer guidance for optimizing backfill design, binder content, and barricade stability in deep mining applications.
随着地下开采向纵深发展,胶结膏体充填体(CPB)越来越多地受到复杂的热-机械加载条件的影响,包括多轴应力状态和高温。本研究研究了具有现场代表性的垂直自重和水平岩壁闭合应力以及原位温度对CPB力学行为和孔隙水压力(PWP)演变的耦合影响。试验采用一种新型装置进行,该装置能够控制固化过程中的多轴应力和温度,模拟深部矿山环境的典型地应力路径和热剖面。结果表明:多轴应力通过增强颗粒堆积密度、降低孔隙率和增加摩擦阻力来提高CPB的强度和刚度;高温独立加速早期水泥水化,进一步提高胶结强度和刚度。双向方差分析和协同指数分析证实,当多轴应力和高温结合在一起时,会产生无侧限抗压强度(UCS)和弹性模量的协同增强。PWP响应对热机械条件也高度敏感。正、负PWP的演化受热膨胀、水化脱饱和和机械压实的共同作用支配。多轴应力放大了早期正PWP,延迟了其耗散,而温度升高加速了水化,降低了孔隙压力,导致后期吸力增强。在后期过高的水平应力下,观察到短暂的“应力诱导的再饱和”效应,但温度升高会减轻这种效应。这些发现为CPB在实际现场条件下的力学和水力耦合行为提供了重要见解,并为深部采矿应用中优化充填体设计、粘结剂含量和路障稳定性提供了指导。
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引用次数: 0
Time-dependent behavior of deep roadway surrounding rock considering damage induced by excavation and mining disturbances: Experiments, modeling, and simulation 考虑开挖和开采扰动损伤的深部巷道围岩时效行为:实验、建模和仿真
IF 13.7 1区 工程技术 Q1 MINING & MINERAL PROCESSING Pub Date : 2026-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijmst.2025.12.006
Qingzhe Cui , Rongbin Hou , Zhenhua Li , Feng Du , Xu Chen , Boyang Zhang , Lielie Li
In deep coal mining, surrounding rock is subjected to both high in-situ stress and intense mining disturbances, leading to significant time-dependent behavior. Accurately capturing this behavior is essential for predicting long-term roadway stability, necessitating the development of a reliable constitutive creep model and numerical simulation approach. In this study, creep experiments were conducted on pre-damaged rock with varying initial damage levels to investigate the time-dependent mechanical properties. Based on the experimental results, an accelerated-creep criterion was proposed, and an elastic-viscoplastic creep damage model (EVPCD) was established that simultaneously considers the effects of time-dependent damage and instantaneous damage caused by stress disturbances on rock creep behavior. Subsequently, the effectiveness of the proposed creep model was verified using experimental data, and the secondary development of the EVPCD model was completed based on the FLAC3D platform. Following this, a long-term stability analysis method of deep surrounding rock that accounts for excavation-and mining-induced disturbances was proposed. Using the main roadway of Xutuan Coal Mine as a case study, numerical simulations were carried out to investigate the time-dependent deformation and failure characteristics of the surrounding rock following excavation and mining disturbance. Combined with on-site monitoring of the surrounding rock damage areas, the results indicate that the EVPCD outperforms the CVISC and Nishihara models in predicting the time-dependent behavior of deep surrounding rock.
在深部煤矿开采中,围岩受到高地应力和强烈采矿扰动的双重作用,导致围岩具有明显的时间依赖性。准确捕捉这种行为对于预测巷道的长期稳定性至关重要,因此需要开发可靠的本构蠕变模型和数值模拟方法。本研究对不同初始损伤程度的预损伤岩石进行蠕变试验,研究其随时间变化的力学特性。基于试验结果,提出了加速蠕变准则,建立了同时考虑应力扰动引起的时变损伤和瞬时损伤对岩石蠕变行为影响的弹粘塑性蠕变损伤模型(EVPCD)。随后,利用实验数据验证了所提出的蠕变模型的有效性,并基于FLAC3D平台完成了EVPCD模型的二次开发。在此基础上,提出了考虑开挖和开采扰动的深部围岩长期稳定性分析方法。以徐疃煤矿主巷道为例,通过数值模拟研究了开挖开采扰动后围岩变形破坏随时间的变化特征。结合现场围岩损伤区监测结果表明,EVPCD模型在预测深部围岩时效行为方面优于CVISC模型和Nishihara模型。
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引用次数: 0
Micromechanical assessment of unsaturation freezing impact on compressive fracture in brittle rocks 非饱和冻结对脆性岩石压缩破裂影响的细观力学评价
IF 11.8 1区 工程技术 Q1 MINING & MINERAL PROCESSING Pub Date : 2026-01-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijmst.2026.01.005
Xiaozhao Li, Yujie Yan, Bowen Yao, Artem A. Kunitskikh, Evgenii V. Kozhevnikov, Chengzhi Qi
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引用次数: 0
期刊
International Journal of Mining Science and Technology
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