International Journal of Mining Science and Technology最新文献_第10页

Research on a dynamic early warning model for gas outbursts using adaptive fractal dimension characterization 基于自适应分形维数表征的瓦斯突出动态预警模型研究

IF 13.7 1区工程技术 Q1 MINING & MINERAL PROCESSING

International Journal of Mining Science and Technology

Pub Date : 2025-08-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijmst.2025.07.004

Jie Chen , Wenhao Shi , Yichao Rui , Junsheng Du , Xiaokang Pan , Xiang Peng , Xusheng Zhao , Qingfeng Wang , Deping Guo , Yulin Zou , Dafa Yin , Yuanbin Luo

To address the issues of single warning indicators, fixed thresholds, and insufficient adaptability in coal and gas outburst early warning models, this study proposes a dynamic early warning model for gas outbursts based on adaptive fractal dimension characterization. By analyzing the nonlinear characteristics of gas concentration data, an adaptive window fractal analysis method is introduced. Combined with box-counting dimension and variation of box dimension metrics, a cross-scale dynamic warning model for disaster prevention is established. The implementation involves three key phases: First, wavelet denoising and interpolation methods are employed for raw data preprocessing, followed by validation of fractal characteristics. Second, an adaptive window cross-scale fractal dimension method is proposed to calculate the box-counting dimension of gas concentration, enabling effective capture of multi-scale complex features. Finally, dynamic threshold partitioning is achieved through membership functions and the 3σ principle, establishing a graded classification standard for the mine gas disaster (M_GD) index. Validated through engineering applications at Shoushan #1 Coal Mine in Henan Province, the results demonstrate that the adaptive window fractal dimension curve exhibits significantly enhanced fluctuation characteristics compared to fixed window methods, with local feature detection capability improved and warning accuracy reaching 86.9%. The research reveals that this model effectively resolves the limitations of traditional methods in capturing local features and dependency on subjective thresholds through multi-indicator fusion and threshold optimization, providing both theoretical foundation and practical tool for coal mine gas outburst early warning.

针对煤与瓦斯突出预警模型预警指标单一、阈值固定、适应性不足等问题，提出了一种基于自适应分形维数表征的瓦斯突出动态预警模型。通过分析气体浓度数据的非线性特性，提出了一种自适应窗口分形分析方法。结合箱维数和箱维度量的变化，建立了一种跨尺度的防灾动态预警模型。实现过程包括三个关键阶段：首先，采用小波去噪和插值方法对原始数据进行预处理，然后对分形特征进行验证。其次，提出了一种自适应窗口跨尺度分形维数方法来计算气体浓度的盒数维数，实现了多尺度复杂特征的有效捕获；最后，通过隶属函数和3σ原理实现了动态阈值划分，建立了矿井瓦斯灾害指数的分级分类标准。通过对河南寿山1矿的工程应用验证，结果表明，自适应窗分维曲线的波动特征较固定窗方法明显增强，局部特征检测能力提高，预警准确率达到86.9%。研究表明，该模型通过多指标融合和阈值优化，有效解决了传统方法捕捉局部特征和依赖主观阈值的局限性，为煤矿瓦斯突出预警提供了理论基础和实用工具。

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引用次数: 0

Harnessing sediment voids of low-grade salt mines for compressed air energy storage: Experimental and theoretical insights 利用低品位盐矿的沉积物空隙进行压缩空气储能：实验和理论见解

IF 13.7 1区工程技术 Q1 MINING & MINERAL PROCESSING

International Journal of Mining Science and Technology

Pub Date : 2025-08-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijmst.2025.07.001

Qihang Li , Wei Liu , Liangliang Jiang , Yiwen Ju , Aliakbar Hassanpouryouzband , Guimin Zhang , Xiangzhao Kong , Jun Xu

Renewable energy storage technologies are critical for transitioning to sustainable energy systems, with salt caverns playing a significant role in large-scale solutions. In water-soluble mining of low-grade salt formations, insoluble impurities and interlayers detach during salt dissolution and accumulate as sediment at the cavern base, thereby reducing the storage capacity and economic viability of salt cavern gas storage (SCGS). This study investigates sediment formation mechanisms, void distribution, and voidage in the Huai’an low-grade salt mine, introducing a novel self-developed physical simulation device for two butted-well horizontal (TWH) caverns that replicates compressed air injection and brine discharge. Experiments comparing “one injection and one discharge” and “two injections and one discharge” modes revealed that (1) compressed air effectively displaces brine from sediment voids, (2) a 0.5 MPa injection pressure corresponds to a 10.3 MPa operational lower limit in practice, aligning with field data, and (3) sediment voidage is approximately 46%, validated via air-brine interface theory. The “two injections and one discharge” mode outperformed in both discharge volume and rate. Additionally, a mathematical model for brine displacement via compressed air was established. These results provide foundational insights for optimizing compressed air energy storage (CAES) in low-grade salt mines, advancing their role in renewable energy integration.

可再生能源存储技术对于向可持续能源系统过渡至关重要，盐穴在大规模解决方案中发挥着重要作用。在低品位盐层的水溶性开采中，不溶性杂质和夹层在盐溶蚀过程中分离，并在盐洞底部沉积，从而降低了盐洞储气库的储存量和经济可行性。以淮安低品位盐矿为研究对象，研究了低品位盐矿的沉积物形成机制、孔隙分布和孔隙度，并介绍了自行研制的模拟两井水平井洞室的物理模拟装置，模拟了注压缩空气和排盐过程。对比“一注一排”和“两注一排”两种模式的实验结果表明：(1)压缩空气有效地置换了沉积物空隙中的盐水；(2)0.5 MPa注入压力对应于10.3 MPa的实际操作下限，与现场数据一致；(3)通过气-盐水界面理论验证了沉积物空隙率约为46%。“两注一放”方式在排量和排量上均优于“两注一放”方式。此外，建立了压缩空气驱盐的数学模型。这些研究结果为优化低品位盐矿压缩空气储能系统，推进其在可再生能源整合中的作用提供了基础见解。

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引用次数: 0

Theory and simulation investigations on stability control of gob-side entry retaining with coal pillar-backfill body system 煤柱-充填体系统空侧留巷稳定性控制理论与仿真研究

IF 13.7 1区工程技术 Q1 MINING & MINERAL PROCESSING

International Journal of Mining Science and Technology

Pub Date : 2025-08-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijmst.2025.07.012

Dong Zhang , Qiancheng Zhu , Jianbiao Bai , Rui Wang , Zizheng Zhang , Hao Fu , Shuaigang Liu , Shuai Yan , Yonghong Guo , Zhijun Tian , Wenda Wu

Gob-side entry retaining (GER) is widely applied in China. Nevertheless, the stability mechanism of the GER with coal pillar-backfill body (CPBB) under dynamic overburden load remains unexplored. A voussoir beam structure (VBS) model is established to analyze roof structure stability during panel advancement, introducing a VBS stability criterion. Reducing block B length l and immediate roof damage variable D, and increasing coal pillar width x_c, lowers the GER structure instability risk. Reducing l and the GER width w leads to a CPBB system stability upswing. A UDEC model was established to systematically reveal how the l, backfill body width x_b, and strength affect the stability and coupling performance of the CPPB system by monitoring the crack damage D_C. Simulation results indicate that at l=14 m, x_b=2.0 m, water-cement ratio 1.5:1, the coal pillar and backfill body have similar D_C but maintain stability, resulting in CPPB system coupling degree Ϗ better. A novel GER method supported by the CPBB was implemented on-site. Monitoring results indicated that the coal pillar peak stresses were 19.17 MPa (ahead), 16.14 MPa (behind), and the backfill body peak stress was 12.27 MPa (maximum). The floor heave was 380 mm, with a 103 mm backfill body rib.

采空区侧留巷（GER）在中国得到了广泛的应用。然而，在动覆盖层荷载作用下，带煤柱-充填体（CPBB）采空区的稳定机制仍未明确。为了分析面板推进过程中顶板结构的稳定性，建立了voussoir梁结构（VBS）模型，引入了voussoir梁结构稳定性判据。减小块体B长度l和顶板直接损伤变量D，增大煤柱宽度xc，降低GER结构失稳风险。减小l和GER宽度w导致CPBB系统稳定性上升。建立UDEC模型，通过监测裂缝损伤DC，系统揭示了l、充填体宽度xb和强度对CPPB体系稳定性和耦合性能的影响。仿真结果表明，在l=14 m, xb=2.0 m，水灰比1.5:1时，煤柱与充填体DC相近，且保持稳定，CPPB体系耦合度Ϗ较好。在CPBB的支持下，现场实现了一种新的GER方法。监测结果表明，煤柱峰值应力为19.17 MPa（前）、16.14 MPa（后），充填体峰值应力为12.27 MPa（最大值）。底鼓380 mm，回填体肋103 mm。

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引用次数: 0

Advances in thermo-hydro-mechanical-chemical modelling for CO2 geological storage and utilization 二氧化碳地质封存与利用的热-水-机械-化学模型研究进展

IF 13.7 1区工程技术 Q1 MINING & MINERAL PROCESSING

International Journal of Mining Science and Technology

Pub Date : 2025-08-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijmst.2025.07.010

Nanlin Zhang , Liangliang Jiang , Fushen Liu , Yuhao Luo , Lele Feng , Yiwen Ju , Allegra Hosford Scheirer , Jiansheng Zhang , Birol Dindoruk , S.M. Farouq Ali , Zhangxin Chen

Geological storage and utilization of CO₂ involve complex interactions among Thermo-hydro-mechanical-chemical (THMC) coupling processes, which significantly affect storage integrity and efficiency. To address the challenges in accurately simulating these coupled phenomena, this paper systematically reviews recent advances in the mathematical modeling and numerical solution of THMC coupling in CO₂ geological storage. The study focuses on the derivation and structure of governing and constitutive equations, the classification and comparative performance of fully coupled, iteratively coupled, and explicitly coupled solution methods, and the modeling of dynamic changes in porosity, permeability, and fracture evolution induced by multi-field interactions. Furthermore, the paper evaluates the capabilities, application scenarios, and limitations of major simulation platforms, including TOUGH, CMG-GEM, and COMSOL. By establishing a comparative framework integrating model formulations and solver strategies, this work clarifies the strengths and gaps of current approaches and contributes to the development of robust, scalable, and mechanism-oriented numerical models for long-term prediction of CO₂ behavior in geological formations.

二氧化碳的地质封存与利用涉及热-水-机械-化学（THMC）耦合过程的复杂相互作用，对封存的完整性和效率有重要影响。为了解决精确模拟这些耦合现象所面临的挑战，本文系统地回顾了CO2地质封存中THMC耦合的数学建模和数值解的最新进展。研究重点是控制方程和本构方程的推导和结构，全耦合、迭代耦合和显耦合求解方法的分类和比较性能，以及多场相互作用引起的孔隙度、渗透率和裂缝演化的动态变化建模。此外，本文还评估了包括TOUGH、CMG-GEM和COMSOL在内的主要仿真平台的能力、应用场景和局限性。通过建立一个整合模型公式和求解器策略的比较框架，本工作澄清了当前方法的优势和差距，并有助于开发健壮的、可扩展的、面向机制的数值模型，用于地质构造中二氧化碳行为的长期预测。

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引用次数: 0

Depth-dependent mechanical-seepage behavior and safety mining distance of the steeply inclined coal mine underground reservoir 急倾斜煤矿地下储层随深度的力学渗流行为与安全开采距离

IF 13.7 1区工程技术 Q1 MINING & MINERAL PROCESSING

International Journal of Mining Science and Technology

Pub Date : 2025-08-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijmst.2025.07.006

Ersheng Zha , Hongfei Duan , Mingbo Chi , Jiulin Fan , Jianjun Hu , Baoyang Wu , Cong Yu , Jiancheng Tong

Coal mine underground reservoir (CMUR) technology mitigates water scarcity in China’s coal-rich western regions but lacks tailored solutions for steeply inclined coal seams. This study develops a novel framework of steeply inclined coal mine underground reservoirs (SICMUR), which is a paradigm shift from conventional CMUR that the coal seam itself serves as the reservoir floor, challenging conventional designs due to depth-dependent permeability and mechanical constraints. Triaxial mechanical-seepage tests on Xinjiang Wudong coal samples (100, 200, 300 m depths) revealed a 3.5 MPa triaxial strength increase per 100 m depth and a 58-fold post-peak permeability surge at 300 versus 100 m. Similar model simulations revealed mining-induced stress redistribution and significant deformation effects, particularly subsidence and water-conducting fractures during lower coal seam mining. Results indicate a minimum 40 m safety distance between reservoirs and lower coal seams. Critical construction parameters were investigated for Wudong mine SICMUR as collapse zone heights (9.9–12.31 m) and water-conducting fracture zone heights (31.96–37.40 m). This work systematically bridges SICMUR concepts to field implementation, offering a framework for water preservation in steeply inclined mining while addressing safety concerns, providing a new approach for water reservation in steeply inclined coal mining.

煤矿地下水库（CMUR）技术缓解了中国西部富煤地区的水资源短缺，但缺乏针对大倾斜煤层的量身定制解决方案。该研究开发了一种新的急倾斜煤矿地下储层框架（SICMUR），这是传统的急倾斜煤矿地下储层框架的一种范式转变，该框架将煤层本身作为储层底板，由于深度相关的渗透率和机械约束，挑战了传统的设计。新疆武东煤样（100,200,300 m深度）的三轴力学渗流试验表明，每100 m深度三轴强度增加3.5 MPa， 300与100 m时渗透率峰值后激增58倍。类似的模型模拟结果显示，采动引起的应力重分布和显著的变形效应，特别是下煤层开采过程中的沉陷和导水裂缝。结果表明，储层与下煤层之间的安全距离最小为40 m。研究了武东矿SICMUR塌陷带高度（9.9 ~ 12.31 m）和导水破裂带高度（31.96 ~ 37.40 m）的关键施工参数。这项工作系统地将SICMUR概念与现场实施联系起来，在解决安全问题的同时，为大倾斜煤矿的保水提供了一个框架，为大倾斜煤矿的保水提供了一种新的方法。

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引用次数: 0

Fault reactivation and seismic risks induced by deep reservoir fracturing: Mechanisms, prediction and perspectives 深层储层压裂引起的断层再激活和地震风险：机制、预测和观点

IF 13.7 1区工程技术 Q1 MINING & MINERAL PROCESSING

International Journal of Mining Science and Technology

Pub Date : 2025-08-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijmst.2025.06.005

Yang Ju , Guoming Fu , Hongwei Zhou , Shirong Ge , Suping Peng

With the advancement of fracturing technologies in deeper and more geologically complex formations, fault reactivation and induced seismicity have attracted increasing attention. The increasing frequency and magnitude of these events underscore the need for a robust understanding of the governing physical mechanisms. Elevated pore pressure, modified fault-loading conditions, and aseismic slip are widely acknowledged as the primary drivers. Recent studies have explored these mechanisms under varying factors, including fluid properties, rock ductility, poroelastic responses, and evolving fault stress states, thereby offering critical insights into model refinement. Probabilistic forecasting approaches, which combine statistical analyses of historical data with real-time monitoring, are being increasingly adopted in seismic risk assessments. In parallel, machine learning techniques are employed to process large seismic datasets and identify key patterns. However, their predictive capabilities remain limited by geological heterogeneity, subsurface complexity, and scarce observational data. Moreover, fluid–rock interactions further complicate the development of universally applicable models, thereby constraining the generalizability of mitigation strategies. This review synthesizes the current understanding of induced seismicity mechanisms, evaluates the prevailing prediction and mitigation methods, and identifies major challenges and future research directions. Advancements in these areas are essential to enhancing seismic risk management and ensuring the safe, sustainable development of deep-subsurface energy resources.

随着压裂技术在更深、更复杂地层中的发展，断层再活化和诱发地震活动越来越受到人们的关注。这些事件的发生频率和强度都在不断增加，这凸显了对控制物理机制的深入了解的必要性。孔隙压力升高、断层加载条件改变和地震滑动被广泛认为是主要驱动因素。最近的研究探索了不同因素下的这些机制，包括流体性质、岩石延性、孔隙弹性响应和不断变化的断层应力状态，从而为模型的改进提供了重要的见解。概率预测方法将历史数据的统计分析与实时监测相结合，越来越多地应用于地震风险评估。同时，机器学习技术用于处理大型地震数据集并识别关键模式。然而，它们的预测能力仍然受到地质非均质性、地下复杂性和观测数据匮乏的限制。此外，流体-岩石相互作用使普遍适用模型的发展进一步复杂化，从而限制了减缓策略的普遍性。本文综述了目前对诱发地震活动机制的认识，评价了目前流行的预测和缓解方法，并指出了主要挑战和未来的研究方向。这些领域的进步对于加强地震风险管理和确保地下深层能源的安全、可持续发展至关重要。

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引用次数: 0

Depression of pyrrhotite superstructures in copper flotation: A synchrotron X-ray powder diffraction and DFT study 铜浮选中磁黄铁矿上部结构的抑制：同步x射线粉末衍射和DFT研究

IF 13.7 1区工程技术 Q1 MINING & MINERAL PROCESSING

International Journal of Mining Science and Technology

Pub Date : 2025-08-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijmst.2025.07.002

Alireza Rezvani , Foad Raji , Rong Fan , R. Kappes , Zhiyong Gao , Yongjun Peng

Pyrrhotite naturally occurs in various superstructures including magnetic (4C) and non-magnetic (5C, 6C) types, each with distinct physicochemical properties and flotation behaviors. Challenges in accurately identifying and quantifying these superstructures hinder the optimization of pyrrhotite depression in flotation processes. To address this critical issue, synchrotron X-ray powder diffraction (S-XRPD) with Rietveld refinement was employed to quantify the distribution of superstructures in the feed and flotation concentrates of a copper–gold ore. To elucidate the mechanisms influencing depression, density functional theory (DFT) calculations were conducted to explore the electronic structures and surface reactivity of the pyrrhotite superstructures toward the adsorption of water, oxygen and hydroxyl ions (OH⁻) as dominant species present in the flotation process. S-XRPD analysis revealed that flotation recovery rates of pyrrhotite followed the order of 4C<6C<5C. DFT calculations indicated that the Fe 3d and S 3p orbital band centers exhibited a similar trend relative to the Fermi level with 4C being the closest. The Fe 3d band center suggested that the 4C structure possessed a more reactive surface toward the oxygen reduction reaction, promoting the formation of hydrophilic Fe-OH sites. The S 3p band center order also implied that xanthate on the non-magnetic 5C and 6C surfaces could oxidize to dixanthogen, increasing hydrophobicity and floatability, while 4C formed less hydrophobic metal-xanthate complexes. Adsorption energy and charge transfer analyses of water, hydroxyl ions and molecular oxygen further supported the high reactivity and hydrophilic nature of 4C pyrrhotite. The strong bonding with hydroxyl ions indicated enhanced surface passivation by hydrophilic Fe–OOH complexes, aligning with the experimentally observed flotation order (4C<6C<5C). These findings provide a compelling correlation between experimental flotation results and electronic structure calculations, delivering crucial insights for optimizing flotation processes and improving pyrrhotite depression. This breakthrough opens up new opportunities to enhance the efficiency of flotation processes in the mining industry.

磁黄铁矿天然赋存于多种上部结构中，包括磁性（4C）型和非磁性（5C、6C）型，每种上部结构具有不同的物理化学性质和浮选行为。准确识别和量化这些上层结构的挑战阻碍了浮选过程中磁黄铁矿抑制的优化。为了解决这一关键问题，采用同步加速器x射线粉末衍射（S-XRPD）和Rietveld精细化技术，量化了某铜金矿给矿和浮选精矿中上部结构的分布。为了阐明影响沉降的机制，采用密度泛函理论（DFT）计算，探索磁黄铁矿上部结构对水吸附的电子结构和表面反应性。氧和羟基离子（OH−）是浮选过程中的优势离子。S-XRPD分析表明，磁黄铁矿的浮选回收率依次为4C<；6C<5C。DFT计算表明，Fe 3d和S 3p轨道带中心相对于费米能级表现出相似的趋势，其中4C最接近。Fe三维带中心表明，4C结构对氧还原反应具有更强的反应表面，促进了亲水性Fe- oh位的形成。s3p波段中心序也表明，黄原药在非磁性的5C和6C表面可以氧化成二氧原，增加了疏水性和可浮性，而4C表面形成疏水性较小的金属-黄原药配合物。对水、羟基离子和分子氧的吸附能和电荷转移分析进一步支持了4C磁黄铁矿的高反应性和亲水性。与羟基离子的强结合表明亲水性Fe-OOH配合物增强了表面钝化作用，与实验观察到的浮选顺序（4C<6C<5C）一致。这些发现提供了实验浮选结果与电子结构计算之间的令人信服的相关性，为优化浮选过程和改善磁黄铁矿抑制提供了重要的见解。这一突破为提高矿业浮选过程的效率开辟了新的机会。

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引用次数: 0

A multi-dimensional percussion method for efficient drilling in HDR formations: Rock fragmentation mechanism, drilling energy analysis, and performance optimization HDR地层高效钻井的多维冲击方法：岩石破碎机理、钻井能量分析与性能优化

IF 13.7 1区工程技术 Q1 MINING & MINERAL PROCESSING

International Journal of Mining Science and Technology

Pub Date : 2025-08-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijmst.2025.07.005

Zhaowei Sun , Xiaoguang Wu , Zhongwei Huang , Gensheng Li , Xianzhi Song , Zongjie Mu , Huaizhong Shi , Wenhao He , Berdiev Alisher

Percussion drilling is a promising approach for hot dry rock (HDR) fragmentation. However, understanding of HDR fragmentation mechanism under multi-dimensional percussion remains limited and hinders the corresponding drilling performance. Herein, an innovative true triaxial multi-dimensional percussion device was developed for the study of HDR fragmentation mechanism under in-situ temperature and stress conditions. Multi-dimensional percussion, involving both axial and torsional components, was applied to drilling in granite and carbonatite rocks sampled from the typical HDR target areas. Multi-scale visualization techniques and a whale optimization-variational mode decomposition algorithm were employed to investigate the rock failure patterns and drilling energy characteristics. Results indicated that multi-dimensional percussion enhances brittle-ductile mixed failure in granite, characterized by transgranular, intergranular, and combined fracture patterns that promote rock cracking. In contrast, carbonatite drillhole displays enhanced brittle fragmentation and tortuous failure surface dominated by transgranular fracture pattern. Frequency-domain characteristics of penetration force signals for multi-dimensional percussion, especially the significant dominant frequency, amplitude, and high-frequency dissipation, indicate an increase in net energy for drilling into HDR and intensified rock fragmentation. Further, the effect of impact frequency on rock fragmentation performance was emphasized to maximize drilling efficiency. The optimal regulation schemes between axial and torsional impact frequencies are identified as 15 Hz + 15 Hz for granite and 30 Hz + 15 Hz for carbonatite. The reliability of the optimization approach was validated through a field test that employed a novel impactor in the geothermal well Fushen-1.

冲击钻井是一种很有前途的热干岩破碎方法。然而，对多维冲击作用下HDR破碎机理的认识仍然有限，影响了相应的钻井性能。为此，开发了一种创新的真三轴多维冲击装置，用于研究原位温度和应力条件下HDR破碎机理。多维冲击包括轴向和扭转分量，应用于从典型HDR靶区取样的花岗岩和碳酸盐岩的钻探。采用多尺度可视化技术和鲸鱼优化-变分模态分解算法研究岩石破坏模式和钻井能量特征。结果表明：多维冲击增强了花岗岩的脆性-韧性混合破坏，表现为穿晶、沿晶和复合破坏模式，促进岩石开裂；碳酸盐岩钻孔脆性破碎增强，破坏面以穿晶断裂模式为主。多维冲击侵彻力信号的频域特征，特别是显著的主导频率、幅值和高频耗散，表明钻入HDR的净能量增加，岩石破碎加剧。进一步强调了冲击频率对破岩性能的影响，以实现钻井效率最大化。确定了轴扭冲击频率的最佳调节方案：花岗岩为15 Hz + 15 Hz，碳酸盐岩为30 Hz + 15 Hz。通过在福深1号地热井采用新型冲击器的现场试验，验证了优化方法的可靠性。

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引用次数: 0

Identification of regionalized multiscale microseismic characteristics and rock failure mechanisms under deep mining conditions 深部开采条件下区域化多尺度微震特征及岩石破坏机制识别

IF 13.7 1区工程技术 Q1 MINING & MINERAL PROCESSING

International Journal of Mining Science and Technology

Pub Date : 2025-08-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijmst.2025.07.007

Yihan Zhang , Chenliang Hao , Longjun Dong , Zhongwei Pei , Fangzhen Fan , Marc Bascompta

The rock mass failure induced by deep mining exhibits pronounced spatial heterogeneity and diverse mechanisms, with its microseismic responses serving as effective indicators of regional failure evolution and instability mechanisms. Focusing on the Level VI stope sublayers in the Jinchuan #2 mining area, this study constructs a 24-parameter index system encompassing time-domain features, frequency-domain features, and multifractal characteristics. Through manifold learning, clustering analysis, and hybrid feature selection, 15 key indicators were extracted to construct a classification framework for failure responses. Integrated with focal mechanism inversion and numerical simulation, the failure patterns and corresponding instability mechanisms across different structural zones were further identified. The results reveal that multiscale microseismic characteristics exhibit clear regional similarities. Based on the morphological features of radar plots derived from the 15 indicators, acoustic responses were classified into four typical types, each reflecting distinct local failure mechanisms, stress conditions, and plastic zone evolution. Moreover, considering dominant instability factors and rupture modes, four representative rock mass instability models were proposed for typical failure zones within the stope. These findings provide theoretical guidance and methodological support for hazard prediction, structural optimization, and disturbance control in deep metal mining areas.

深部开采诱发岩体破坏表现出明显的空间异质性和机制多样性，其微震响应是区域破坏演化和失稳机制的有效指标。以金川二矿区六级采场子层为研究对象，构建了包含时域特征、频域特征和多重分形特征的24参数指标体系。通过流形学习、聚类分析和混合特征选择，提取出15个关键指标，构建故障响应分类框架。结合震源机制反演和数值模拟，进一步识别了不同构造带的破坏模式和失稳机制。结果表明，多尺度微地震特征具有明显的区域相似性。基于15个指标的雷达图形态特征，将声响应划分为4种典型类型，每种类型都反映了不同的局部破坏机制、应力条件和塑性区演化。在考虑主要失稳因素和破坏模式的基础上，针对采场内典型破坏区提出了4种具有代表性的岩体失稳模型。研究结果为深部金属矿区灾害预测、结构优化和扰动控制提供了理论指导和方法支持。

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引用次数: 0

A new technical approach for real-time tensile strength testing of high-temperature granite based on micro-tensile testing technology 基于微拉伸测试技术的高温花岗岩抗拉强度实时测试新技术途径

IF 13.7 1区工程技术 Q1 MINING & MINERAL PROCESSING

International Journal of Mining Science and Technology

Pub Date : 2025-08-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijmst.2025.07.003

Xianzhong Li , Yinnan Tian , Zhenhua Li , Shuai Heng , Xiaodong Zhang , Bing Liu

The tensile strength of rocks under real-time high-temperatures is essential for enhanced geothermal system development. However, the complex occurrence and deep burial of hot dry rocks limit the quantity and quality of standard samples for mechanical testing. This paper compared the tensile strengths obtained from Brazilian splitting tests on standard samples (with a diameter of 50 mm and a thickness of 25 mm) and micro-tensile samples (with a diameter of 50 mm and a thickness of 25 mm) of two types of granites. A power-law size effect model was established between the two sets of data, validating the reliability of the testing method. Then, miniature Brazilian splitting under real-time high-temperature, combined with X-ray diffraction (XRD) revealed temperature-dependent strength variations and microstructural damage mechanisms. The results show that: (1) The comparison error between the tensile strength obtained by the fitting model and that of the measured standard samples was less than 6%. (2) In real-time high-temperature conditions, tensile strength of granite exhibited non-monotonic behavior, increasing below 300 °C before decreasing, with sharp declines at 400–500 °C and 600–700 °C. (3) Thermal damage stems from the differences in the high-temperature behavior of minerals, including dehydration, phase transformation, and differential expansion.

岩石在实时高温下的抗拉强度对地热系统的开发至关重要。然而，干热岩的复杂赋存和深埋限制了力学试验标准试样的数量和质量。本文比较了两种花岗岩标准试样（直径为50 mm，厚度为25 mm）和微拉伸试样（直径为50 mm，厚度为25 mm）的巴西劈裂试验的抗拉强度。在两组数据之间建立了幂律大小效应模型，验证了检验方法的可靠性。然后，结合x射线衍射（XRD），实时高温下的微型巴西分裂揭示了温度相关的强度变化和微观结构损伤机制。结果表明：(1)拟合模型得到的抗拉强度与实测标准试样的对比误差小于6%。(2)在实时高温条件下，花岗岩的抗拉强度表现出非单调性，在300℃以下先上升后下降，在400 ~ 500℃和600 ~ 700℃时急剧下降。(3)热损伤源于矿物高温行为的差异，包括脱水、相变和差动膨胀。

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