The rapid integration of additive manufacturing in construction, alongside a focus on sustainability, has revived interest in earth materials within modern building practices. Adobe brick, noted for its structural and thermal properties, is among the most studied earth-construction techniques for contemporary use. However, the potential of 3D-printed adobe bricks in construction remains underexplored, particularly in optimizing their structural performance. This study examines the impact of Triply Periodic Minimal Surface (TPMS) infill geometries on the compressive strength of locally sourced, air-dried 3D-printed adobe bricks. Specimens were designed as single-cell surfaces enclosed within 6 cm cubes and tested against traditional solid samples. Results revealed a significant strength increase in 3D-printed bricks using PW-hybrid infills, with compressive strengths reaching 3.10 MPa for a 2.5 mm layer height—nearly double the 1.65 MPa of molded samples. These findings highlight the potential of combining sustainable materials with advanced manufacturing techniques to enhance construction practices.
{"title":"Evaluating the role of additive manufacturing in adobe brick enhancement: A comparative study","authors":"Shaimaa Tarek , Yasser Mansour , Sherif Abdelmohsen , Mohamed Kohail , Ayman Assem","doi":"10.1016/j.asej.2025.103298","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.asej.2025.103298","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The rapid integration of additive manufacturing in construction, alongside a focus on sustainability, has revived interest in earth materials within modern building practices. Adobe brick, noted for its structural and thermal properties, is among the most studied earth-construction techniques for contemporary use. However, the potential of 3D-printed adobe bricks in construction remains underexplored, particularly in optimizing their structural performance. This study examines the impact of Triply Periodic Minimal Surface (TPMS) infill geometries on the compressive strength of locally sourced, air-dried 3D-printed adobe bricks. Specimens were designed as single-cell surfaces enclosed within 6 cm cubes and tested against traditional solid samples. Results revealed a significant strength increase in 3D-printed bricks using PW-hybrid infills, with compressive strengths reaching 3.10 MPa for a 2.5 mm layer height—nearly double the 1.65 MPa of molded samples. These findings highlight the potential of combining sustainable materials with advanced manufacturing techniques to enhance construction practices.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48648,"journal":{"name":"Ain Shams Engineering Journal","volume":"16 3","pages":"Article 103298"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143402657","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-02-12DOI: 10.1016/j.asej.2025.103296
Sajid Gul , Xia Cui , Gokmen Ceribasi , Ahmet Iyad Ceyhunlu , Hamza Pir
Global warming is an inherent phenomenon that has a substantial impact on both the ecosphere and the human population. Understanding and strategizing to mitigate the effects of global warming is of utmost importance. Extensive research regarding climatological factors has been conducted in a recent timeframe. The predominant approach employed in such investigations is trend analysis. This study employs the Trend Polygon Star Concept, Three-Dimensional Innovative Trend Analysis (3D-ITA), and Innovative Polygon Trend Analysis (IPTA) due to their effectiveness in visualizing, analyzing, and understanding complex temperature data in the context of climate change. The IPTA Process is a method used to compare the raw and processed data sets of two data series. To illustrate the test’s findings, the Trend Polygon Star Concept splits the two-month data set interval on a graph—the IPTA output—into four parts. Thus, this research assesses monthly minimum and maximum temperature data using this two-polygon methodology. This data capture spans four decades (1981–2020). As an outcome of the work, polygon graphics were generated. Furthermore, the IPTA method has been used to compute the trend slopes and lengths of temperature data. A list was prepared to provide all the values for the x- and y-axis of graphs created using the Trend Polygon Star Concept Method. The findings of both research methodologies were reviewed for a particular station. Additionally, when the arithmetic mean analysis of monthly maximum temperatures was examined, a rising trend was detected in most months. In contrast, the lowest temperature series revealed no movement in most of the months. When the standard deviation graph was studied, it was discovered that all ten zones had transitions between two months. Using the 3D-ITA strategy, 40% of the entire region was found to have stable trends, whereas 60% of the region examined had unstable trends.
{"title":"Investigation of variability in monthly minimum and maximum temperature with trend methods in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan","authors":"Sajid Gul , Xia Cui , Gokmen Ceribasi , Ahmet Iyad Ceyhunlu , Hamza Pir","doi":"10.1016/j.asej.2025.103296","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.asej.2025.103296","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Global warming is an inherent phenomenon that has a substantial impact on both the ecosphere and the human population. Understanding and strategizing to mitigate the effects of global warming is of utmost importance. Extensive research regarding climatological factors has been conducted in a recent timeframe. The predominant approach employed in such investigations is trend analysis. This study employs the Trend Polygon Star Concept, Three-Dimensional Innovative Trend Analysis (3D-ITA), and Innovative Polygon Trend Analysis (IPTA) due to their effectiveness in visualizing, analyzing, and understanding complex temperature data in the context of climate change. The IPTA Process is a method used to compare the raw and processed data sets of two data series. To illustrate the test’s findings, the Trend Polygon Star Concept splits the two-month data set interval on a graph—the IPTA output—into four parts. Thus, this research assesses monthly minimum and maximum temperature data using this two-polygon methodology. This data capture spans four decades (1981–2020). As an outcome of the work, polygon graphics were generated. Furthermore, the IPTA method has been used to compute the trend slopes and lengths of temperature data. A list was prepared to provide all the values for the x- and y-axis of graphs created using the Trend Polygon Star Concept Method. The findings of both research methodologies were reviewed for a particular station. Additionally, when the arithmetic mean analysis of monthly maximum temperatures was examined, a rising trend was detected in most months. In contrast, the lowest temperature series revealed no movement in most of the months. When the standard deviation graph was studied, it was discovered that all ten zones had transitions between two months. Using the 3D-ITA strategy, 40% of the entire region was found to have stable trends, whereas 60% of the region examined had unstable trends.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48648,"journal":{"name":"Ain Shams Engineering Journal","volume":"16 3","pages":"Article 103296"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143387524","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-02-12DOI: 10.1016/j.asej.2025.103304
Yuanduo Chen , Jingkun Xu , Huiwen Xiang , Zongsheng Huang , Zhixin Lin , Shaowei Lu
Globalization presents significant challenges to the authenticity of world heritage sites, often leading to tensions between preservation and development. Southwestern mountainous cities in China, despite relatively slow economic growth, have managed to maintain well-preserved historical and cultural heritage, though these areas remain underrecognized internationally. This study examines the spatial connectivity and vitality of public spaces in Guiyang, a representative city. Using Voronoi polygons and complex network analysis, the investigation focuses on the distribution, connectivity, and vitality optimization of public spaces in historical districts. Results indicate that natural factors shape the spatial organization, with social public spaces demonstrating the highest network stability. In contrast, collective spaces show local stability but are vulnerable to socioeconomic disparities. Both types exhibit a core-periphery structure with varying levels of openness. The proposed Distribution-Network-Vitality-Path (DNVP) system provides a framework for enhancing public space vitality, offering practical guidance for heritage conservation and urban planning globally.
{"title":"Construction of a public space network connectivity and vitality optimization system in historical districts of southwestern China: Guiyang case study","authors":"Yuanduo Chen , Jingkun Xu , Huiwen Xiang , Zongsheng Huang , Zhixin Lin , Shaowei Lu","doi":"10.1016/j.asej.2025.103304","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.asej.2025.103304","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Globalization presents significant challenges to the authenticity of world heritage sites, often leading to tensions between preservation and development. Southwestern mountainous cities in China, despite relatively slow economic growth, have managed to maintain well-preserved historical and cultural heritage, though these areas remain underrecognized internationally. This study examines the spatial connectivity and vitality of public spaces in Guiyang, a representative city. Using Voronoi polygons and complex network analysis, the investigation focuses on the distribution, connectivity, and vitality optimization of public spaces in historical districts. Results indicate that natural factors shape the spatial organization, with social public spaces demonstrating the highest network stability. In contrast, collective spaces show local stability but are vulnerable to socioeconomic disparities. Both types exhibit a core-periphery structure with varying levels of openness. The proposed Distribution-Network-Vitality-Path (DNVP) system provides a framework for enhancing public space vitality, offering practical guidance for heritage conservation and urban planning globally.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48648,"journal":{"name":"Ain Shams Engineering Journal","volume":"16 3","pages":"Article 103304"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143387525","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-02-11DOI: 10.1016/j.asej.2025.103295
Hussein Thary Khamees , Sameer Algburi , Hussein E. Kotb
Modern free-space communication systems require a comprehensive analysis of how atmospheric turbulence impacts the scintillation index and the bit-error rate (BER). In this paper, we model the laser light with Super Lorentz Gaussian Beams (SLGBs) intensity distribution slant propagation between the transmitter and receiver planes. The Huygens-Fresnel Method is employed to compute the received field due to its effectiveness in accurately modeling atmospheric turbulence. A 50° zenith angle results in the lowest on-axis scintillation index. The receiver plane aperture area size plays a crucial role in this analysis. For an aperture area that covers 25 % of the receiver plane, the SLGB00 almost exhibits the lowest scintillation index. The SLGB22 scintillation index approaches SLGB00 at a laser wavelength of 1.55 µm. We reduced the receiver aperture area to 1.4 × 10−3% and computed the on-axis scintillation index and the BER for both SLGB00 and SLGB22. SLGB22 shows the lowest on-axis scintillation index and BER.
{"title":"Computation of the scintillation index and BER of super Lorentz Gaussian laser beam in a slant propagation at atmospheric turbulence","authors":"Hussein Thary Khamees , Sameer Algburi , Hussein E. Kotb","doi":"10.1016/j.asej.2025.103295","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.asej.2025.103295","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Modern free-space communication systems require a comprehensive analysis of how atmospheric turbulence impacts the scintillation index and the bit-error rate (BER). In this paper, we model the laser light with Super Lorentz Gaussian Beams (SLGBs) intensity distribution slant propagation between the transmitter and receiver planes. The Huygens-Fresnel Method is employed to compute the received field due to its effectiveness in accurately modeling atmospheric turbulence. A 50° zenith angle results in the lowest on-axis scintillation index. The receiver plane aperture area size plays a crucial role in this analysis. For an aperture area that covers 25 % of the receiver plane, the SLGB<sub>00</sub> almost exhibits the lowest scintillation index. The SLGB<sub>22</sub> scintillation index approaches SLGB<sub>00</sub> at a laser wavelength of 1.55 µm. We reduced the receiver aperture area to 1.4 × 10<sup>−3</sup>% and computed the on-axis scintillation index and the BER for both SLGB<sub>00</sub> and SLGB<sub>22</sub>. SLGB<sub>22</sub> shows the lowest on-axis scintillation index and BER.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48648,"journal":{"name":"Ain Shams Engineering Journal","volume":"16 3","pages":"Article 103295"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143378378","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ensuring the safe construction of tunnels in high geostress soft rock conditions is crucial and challenging. During the bench excavation, the unenclosed support with low load-bearing capacity may lead to failures. Traditional assessment methods often overlook this risk. This study presents a novel approach to assess the safety of unenclosed support during bench excavation, based on a comprehensive mechanical model. Load strength ratio and safety factor are defined to evaluate the local and overall structural safety. Through parameter analysis, the effects of support stiffness and closure time on the structural failure mechanism are clarified. Within the allowable deformation range, appropriately adjusting the support stiffness and closure time can effectively enhance structural safety. The proposed method is validated through its application in the Yuntunbao Tunnel project, providing valuable insights for the design and safety assessment of other tunnel projects.
{"title":"Safety assessment of unenclosed support in high geostress soft rock tunnels with bench method","authors":"Xuanhao Chen , Dingli Zhang , Wenbo Chen , Siyuan Ni","doi":"10.1016/j.asej.2025.103303","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.asej.2025.103303","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Ensuring the safe construction of tunnels in high geostress soft rock conditions is crucial and challenging. During the bench excavation, the unenclosed support with low load-bearing capacity may lead to failures. Traditional assessment methods often overlook this risk. This study presents a novel approach to assess the safety of unenclosed support during bench excavation, based on a comprehensive mechanical model. Load strength ratio and safety factor are defined to evaluate the local and overall structural safety. Through parameter analysis, the effects of support stiffness and closure time on the structural failure mechanism are clarified. Within the allowable deformation range, appropriately adjusting the support stiffness and closure time can effectively enhance structural safety. The proposed method is validated through its application in the Yuntunbao Tunnel project, providing valuable insights for the design and safety assessment of other tunnel projects.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48648,"journal":{"name":"Ain Shams Engineering Journal","volume":"16 3","pages":"Article 103303"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143387526","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-02-09DOI: 10.1016/j.asej.2025.103294
Aawag Mohsen Alawag , Wesam Salah Alaloul , Hisham Mohamad , M.S. Liew , Mokhtar Awang , Abdullah O. Baarimah
This study develops a model for Total Quality Management (TQM) in Malaysian Industrialized Building System (IBS) projects, examining the impact of critical success factors (CSFs) on TQM application. Within the scope of a survey carried out among construction experts, 371 valid answers were processed, which is regarded as adequate for performing Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) analysis. Through a survey among construction experts in Malaysia and subsequent PLS-SEM analysis, six CSFs were identified as significantly influencing TQM implementation in IBS projects. These factors underscore the importance of strategic focus on key areas to enhance TQM practices within the construction industry. Collectively, these CSFs account for 70.7 % of the effectiveness in implementing TQM, indicating their substantial role in the success of TQM strategies. The outcomes of this research have significant implications for the decision-making process in the construction field, particularly in the context of Malaysian Industrialized Building System (IBS) projects.
{"title":"Evaluating the role of critical success factors of Total quality management (TQM) implementation through SmartPLS in industrialized building projects (IBS)","authors":"Aawag Mohsen Alawag , Wesam Salah Alaloul , Hisham Mohamad , M.S. Liew , Mokhtar Awang , Abdullah O. Baarimah","doi":"10.1016/j.asej.2025.103294","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.asej.2025.103294","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study develops a model for Total Quality Management (TQM) in Malaysian Industrialized Building System (IBS) projects, examining the impact of critical success factors (CSFs) on TQM application. Within the scope of a survey carried out among construction experts, 371 valid answers were processed, which is regarded as adequate for performing Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) analysis. Through a survey among construction experts in Malaysia and subsequent PLS-SEM analysis, six CSFs were identified as significantly influencing TQM implementation in IBS projects. These factors underscore the importance of strategic focus on key areas to enhance TQM practices within the construction industry. Collectively, these CSFs account for 70.7 % of the effectiveness in implementing TQM, indicating their substantial role in the success of TQM strategies. The outcomes of this research have significant implications for the decision-making process in the construction field, particularly in the context of Malaysian Industrialized Building System (IBS) projects.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48648,"journal":{"name":"Ain Shams Engineering Journal","volume":"16 3","pages":"Article 103294"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143372605","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-02-08DOI: 10.1016/j.asej.2025.103274
Mark Kirby, Funmilayo Ebun Rotimi, Nicola Naismith
The New Zealand residential construction sector faces significant quality-related challenges that hinder its productivity despite its significant impact on the national economy. This study uses a mixed-methods approach to evaluate the effectiveness of quality management as a strategy in improving New Zealand residential construction productivity. Data were collected from 106 of 305 questionnaires distributed by construction industry bodies. Key findings emphasise three improvement strategies: (1) implementing a productivity certification and training scheme, (2) addressing the industry’s prioritisation of time and cost over quality, and (3) enhancing quality management practices. The study confirms the ISO9000 quality management standards and Lean construction methods are widely supported as strategies for improving productivity. The study highlights the need for greater awareness of quality managements’ strategic value and the importance of government support and enhanced organisational leadership. Recommendations include the gradual implementation of ISO9000 quality management standards and the establishment of an industry-wide productivity training program. This study uniquely investigates New Zealand residential construction productivity, providing novel insights and recommendations for policymakers, industry professionals, organisations, and construction practitioners to align with global demand and improve productivity through enhanced quality.
{"title":"A multidimensional analysis of strategies for improving New Zealand residential construction productivity","authors":"Mark Kirby, Funmilayo Ebun Rotimi, Nicola Naismith","doi":"10.1016/j.asej.2025.103274","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.asej.2025.103274","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The New Zealand residential construction sector faces significant quality-related challenges that hinder its productivity despite its significant impact on the national economy. This study uses a mixed-methods approach to evaluate the effectiveness of quality management as a strategy in improving New Zealand residential construction productivity. Data were collected from 106 of 305 questionnaires distributed by construction industry bodies. Key findings emphasise three improvement strategies: (1) implementing a productivity certification and training scheme, (2) addressing the industry’s prioritisation of time and cost over quality, and (3) enhancing quality management practices. The study confirms the ISO9000 quality management standards and Lean construction methods are widely supported as strategies for improving productivity. The study highlights the need for greater awareness of quality managements’ strategic value and the importance of government support and enhanced organisational leadership. Recommendations include the gradual implementation of ISO9000 quality management standards and the establishment of an industry-wide productivity training program. This study uniquely investigates New Zealand residential construction productivity, providing novel insights and recommendations for policymakers, industry professionals, organisations, and construction practitioners to align with global demand and improve productivity through enhanced quality.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48648,"journal":{"name":"Ain Shams Engineering Journal","volume":"16 3","pages":"Article 103274"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143372606","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-02-08DOI: 10.1016/j.asej.2025.103302
Qiangqiang Zheng , Pingfeng Li , Ying Xu , Bing Cheng , Hao Hu , Hao Shi , Shoudong Xie
This study investigates the dynamic crack propagation mechanism in damaged rocks under blasting excavation in complex geological conditions. A novel rock fracture analysis method based on pre-compression-induced random damage is proposed, overcoming the limitations of traditional prefabricated crack models. Innovatively, multi-level cyclic static pre-compression is applied to simulate the random damage distribution in engineering-scale rocks, combined with high-resolution computed tomography (CT) imaging to achieve non-destructive 3D visualization of internal crack morphologies under explosive loading. A theoretical model for predicting blast-induced crack propagation radius in damaged sandstone is established and validated through integrated laboratory blast experiments, CT scanning, and PFC-2D numerical simulations, demonstrating a prediction error margin below 5%. Key findings reveal a significant positive correlation between sandstone damage levels and the expansion range of blast-induced cracks as well as crater dimensions. The pre-existing crack network in damaged rocks effectively guides gas wedging effects, unveiling a “weakening-synergistic fracturing” dual mechanism. These results provide theoretical foundations and technical support for optimizing blasting parameters and mitigating dynamic disasters in tunnel engineering under complex geological settings.
{"title":"Crack propagation and CT imaging of internal cracks in rocks damaged by pre-compression under explosive loading","authors":"Qiangqiang Zheng , Pingfeng Li , Ying Xu , Bing Cheng , Hao Hu , Hao Shi , Shoudong Xie","doi":"10.1016/j.asej.2025.103302","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.asej.2025.103302","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigates the dynamic crack propagation mechanism in damaged rocks under blasting excavation in complex geological conditions. A novel rock fracture analysis method based on pre-compression-induced random damage is proposed, overcoming the limitations of traditional prefabricated crack models. Innovatively, multi-level cyclic static pre-compression is applied to simulate the random damage distribution in engineering-scale rocks, combined with high-resolution computed tomography (CT) imaging to achieve non-destructive 3D visualization of internal crack morphologies under explosive loading. A theoretical model for predicting blast-induced crack propagation radius in damaged sandstone is established and validated through integrated laboratory blast experiments, CT scanning, and PFC-2D numerical simulations, demonstrating a prediction error margin below 5%. Key findings reveal a significant positive correlation between sandstone damage levels and the expansion range of blast-induced cracks as well as crater dimensions. The pre-existing crack network in damaged rocks effectively guides gas wedging effects, unveiling a “weakening-synergistic fracturing” dual mechanism. These results provide theoretical foundations and technical support for optimizing blasting parameters and mitigating dynamic disasters in tunnel engineering under complex geological settings.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48648,"journal":{"name":"Ain Shams Engineering Journal","volume":"16 3","pages":"Article 103302"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143348757","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The aim of the present work was to investigate the effects of operating conditions on the flow behaviors and the generated power produced by breastshot waterwheels both experimentally and numerically. The experiments were carried out using a breastshot water wheel with the diameter of 500 mm, the width of 140 mm and the number of blades of 14. The wheel was installed on a channel with the weir head of 250 mm, the headrace length of 100 mm, and the water flow rate of 0.014 m3/sec. In the numerical simulation, the hydraulic channel was considered to be laterally symmetric, therefore only half of the section was taken into account. The simulation of free surface movement was calculated using the volume of fluid (VOF) method, and the static and rotating region interface was treated using the sliding mesh interface (SMI). The calculated torque and power, as well as the flow patterns under various operating conditions are in a good agreement with those of the experiments. The visualization of the flow shows that the lower the rotational speed of the wheel, the greater the volume of water hitting the wheel blades, and the greater the torque produced by the water wheel. It was also confirmed that the periodical change of torque depends on the rotational speed and the number of wheel blades, and relates to the periodical change of the pressure on the blade surfaces. Furthermore, it is shown that the forward pressure that generates a positive torque mainly applies on a blade at a specific location. Under the decrease of rotational speed, the location of maximum forward pressure moves from the downstream blade to the upstream blade.
{"title":"The experimental and numerical studies on the effects of the operating conditions on the performance of breastshot waterwheel","authors":"Agato Agato , Deendarlianto Deendarlianto , Indarto Indarto , Alfeus Sunarso","doi":"10.1016/j.asej.2025.103292","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.asej.2025.103292","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The aim of the present work was to investigate the effects of operating conditions on the flow behaviors and the generated power produced by breastshot waterwheels both experimentally and numerically. The experiments were carried out using a breastshot water wheel with the diameter of 500 mm, the width of 140 mm and the number of blades of 14. The wheel was installed on a channel with the weir head of 250 mm, the headrace length of 100 mm, and the water flow rate of 0.014 m<sup>3</sup>/sec. In the numerical simulation, the hydraulic channel was considered to be laterally symmetric, therefore only half of the section was taken into account. The simulation of free surface movement was calculated using the volume of fluid (VOF) method, and the static and rotating region interface was treated using the sliding mesh interface (SMI). The calculated torque and power, as well as the flow patterns under various operating conditions are in a good agreement with those of the experiments. The visualization of the flow shows that the lower the rotational speed of the wheel, the greater the volume of water hitting the wheel blades, and the greater the torque produced by the water wheel. It was also confirmed that the periodical change of torque depends on the rotational speed and the number of wheel blades, and relates to the periodical change of the pressure on the blade surfaces. Furthermore, it is shown that the forward pressure that generates a positive torque mainly applies on a blade at a specific location. Under the decrease of rotational speed, the location of maximum forward pressure moves from the downstream blade to the upstream blade.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48648,"journal":{"name":"Ain Shams Engineering Journal","volume":"16 3","pages":"Article 103292"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143372592","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-02-07DOI: 10.1016/j.asej.2025.103297
Muhammad Aqeel , Sohail Iqbal , Maaz Khan , Ghufran Ahmed Pasha , Usman Ghani , Afzal Ahmed , Xianrui Zhao
Spur dike field (SDF) have recently gained attention as habitats for aquatic life. However, limited knowledge exists on how different configurations of roughness elements (RE) interact with recirculating flow in these environments. This study aims to investigate the influence of various RE arrangements (single, double, and triple layers) on hydrodynamics within SDF and at the nose of downstream spur dike, focusing on flow patterns and turbulence reduction. Numerical simulations using the CFD code FLUENT (ANSYS) were conducted to analyze flow intensity, turbulent kinetic energy, and circulation patterns. The findings show that REs significantly alters circulation dynamics, transforming a concentrated recirculation eye into multiple recirculation zones. The triple-layer configuration yielded the greatest reduction in velocity and turbulence up to 39% and 46% by reducing momentum exchange between SDF and the mainstream. This novel investigation of RE configurations provides insights into optimizing spur dike designs for improved hydraulic performance and ecological benefits.
{"title":"Flow circulation dynamics in spur dike field enhanced by roughness elements","authors":"Muhammad Aqeel , Sohail Iqbal , Maaz Khan , Ghufran Ahmed Pasha , Usman Ghani , Afzal Ahmed , Xianrui Zhao","doi":"10.1016/j.asej.2025.103297","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.asej.2025.103297","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Spur dike field (SDF) have recently gained attention as habitats for aquatic life. However, limited knowledge exists on how different configurations of roughness elements (RE) interact with recirculating flow in these environments. This study aims to investigate the influence of various RE arrangements (single, double, and triple layers) on hydrodynamics within SDF and at the nose of downstream spur dike, focusing on flow patterns and turbulence reduction. Numerical simulations using the CFD code FLUENT (ANSYS) were conducted to analyze flow intensity, turbulent kinetic energy, and circulation patterns. The findings show that REs significantly alters circulation dynamics, transforming a concentrated recirculation eye into multiple recirculation zones. The triple-layer configuration yielded the greatest reduction in velocity and turbulence up to 39% and 46% by reducing momentum exchange between SDF and the mainstream. This novel investigation of RE configurations provides insights into optimizing spur dike designs for improved hydraulic performance and ecological benefits.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48648,"journal":{"name":"Ain Shams Engineering Journal","volume":"16 3","pages":"Article 103297"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143349068","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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