Ain Shams Engineering Journal最新文献

英文中文

Modeling impact of urban flash floods on power distribution system using Monte Carlo technique and reinforcement learning

IF 6 2区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Ain Shams Engineering Journal

Pub Date : 2025-03-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.asej.2025.103325

Suhail Afzal , Hazlie Mokhlis , Hazlee Azil Illias , Abdullah Akram Bajwa , Hasmaini Mohamad , Nurulafiqah Nadzirah Mansor , Lilik Jamilatul Awalin , A.K. Ramasamy

Flash floods are recognized as a major threat to power distribution systems. Thus, enhancing distribution system resilience against this catastrophic natural hazard is essential and imperative. Commonly researchers have used two-dimensional (2D) surface flow models to evaluate flood risk on power systems. Though these 2D models can provide descriptions of overland flow propagation, they fail to provide overflow locations which are crucial in flash flood modelling. Furthermore, these models are computationally expensive, hence not suitable for real-time analysis. Therefore, this study presents a probabilistic flood model that is easy to develop and can handle heavy uncertainties related to urban flash flooding. In this respect, the Monte Carlo technique is employed to predict overflow locations in a grid-based environment. Considering rainfall intensity, soil moisture, and curvature of the surface, reinforcement learning is then leveraged to trace the flow path of floodwater from these overflow locations, to identify distribution substations at the risk of inundation. The proposed flood model is applied to IEEE 33-bus and a real 23-bus distribution systems considering a hypothetical terrain and validated on a real urban area. This work will assist decision-makers and utility operators in enhancing power system resiliency to urban flash floods while overcoming the barriers of limited data and time.

{"title":"Modeling impact of urban flash floods on power distribution system using Monte Carlo technique and reinforcement learning","authors":"Suhail Afzal , Hazlie Mokhlis , Hazlee Azil Illias , Abdullah Akram Bajwa , Hasmaini Mohamad , Nurulafiqah Nadzirah Mansor , Lilik Jamilatul Awalin , A.K. Ramasamy","doi":"10.1016/j.asej.2025.103325","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.asej.2025.103325","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Flash floods are recognized as a major threat to power distribution systems. Thus, enhancing distribution system resilience against this catastrophic natural hazard is essential and imperative. Commonly researchers have used two-dimensional (2D) surface flow models to evaluate flood risk on power systems. Though these 2D models can provide descriptions of overland flow propagation, they fail to provide overflow locations which are crucial in flash flood modelling. Furthermore, these models are computationally expensive, hence not suitable for real-time analysis. Therefore, this study presents a probabilistic flood model that is easy to develop and can handle heavy uncertainties related to urban flash flooding. In this respect, the Monte Carlo technique is employed to predict overflow locations in a grid-based environment. Considering rainfall intensity, soil moisture, and curvature of the surface, reinforcement learning is then leveraged to trace the flow path of floodwater from these overflow locations, to identify distribution substations at the risk of inundation. The proposed flood model is applied to IEEE 33-bus and a real 23-bus distribution systems considering a hypothetical terrain and validated on a real urban area. This work will assist decision-makers and utility operators in enhancing power system resiliency to urban flash floods while overcoming the barriers of limited data and time.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48648,"journal":{"name":"Ain Shams Engineering Journal","volume":"16 3","pages":"Article 103325"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143509026","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Residents’ responses about water-sensitive urban design: The case of greater Cairo region

IF 6 2区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Ain Shams Engineering Journal

Pub Date : 2025-03-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.asej.2025.103346

Basma M. Khalifa , Dina M. Dief Allah , Samah Elkhateb , Ghada Farouk Hassan

Urbanization and climate change are causing the depletion of natural resources, particularly water, in new urban communities. The causes and correlations influencing residents of new urban communities in the Greater Cairo region regarding implementing water-sensitive urban design policies remain unexamined. This study examines these correlations to ascertain their influence on the execution of essential policies of water-sensitive urban design. A sample of 384 residents was surveyed using a face-to-face or online questionnaire. The research aimed to determine the level of awareness, social correlations, and influence of residents on implementing WSUD policies. Using chi-square tests and frequency analysis in Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS), the findings showed that the population has a significant degree of awareness, influenced by education level. Residents aspire to engage in water-sensitive urban planning strategies. These findings can inform the formulation of WSUD regulations for future residential developments and guide decisions aligned with population dynamics.

{"title":"Residents’ responses about water-sensitive urban design: The case of greater Cairo region","authors":"Basma M. Khalifa , Dina M. Dief Allah , Samah Elkhateb , Ghada Farouk Hassan","doi":"10.1016/j.asej.2025.103346","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.asej.2025.103346","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Urbanization and climate change are causing the depletion of natural resources, particularly water, in new urban communities. The causes and correlations influencing residents of new urban communities in the Greater Cairo region regarding implementing water-sensitive urban design policies remain unexamined. This study examines these correlations to ascertain their influence on the execution of essential policies of water-sensitive urban design. A sample of 384 residents was surveyed using a face-to-face or online questionnaire. The research aimed to determine the level of awareness, social correlations, and influence of residents on implementing WSUD policies. Using chi-square tests and frequency analysis in Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS), the findings showed that the population has a significant degree of awareness, influenced by education level. Residents aspire to engage in water-sensitive urban planning strategies. These findings can inform the formulation of WSUD regulations for future residential developments and guide decisions aligned with population dynamics.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48648,"journal":{"name":"Ain Shams Engineering Journal","volume":"16 4","pages":"Article 103346"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143577265","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Impact of Hartmann number and aspect ratio on the heat and mass transfer characteristics in a hexagonal enclosure with a heated circular obstacle inside

IF 6 2区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Ain Shams Engineering Journal

Pub Date : 2025-03-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.asej.2025.103330

Afraz Hussain Majeed , Md. Jahid Hasan , Hassan Waqas , Dong Liu , Roobaea Alroobaea , Taseer Muhammad

Hyrdo-thermal performance study in enclosures or cavities is a very promising field of study for industrial components design and implementation. Previous studies have investigated various shapes and conditions, but there is a significant research gap in studying the fluid flow and thermal performance of hexagonal enclosures with circular obstacles under natural convection regimes with the application of magnetic fields. Thus, this study plans to inspect the fluid behavior and thermal performance in a hexagonal-shaped enclosure with a heated bottom wall and circular obstacle using Casson fluid. The variables chosen for analysis include the Hartmann number (0 ≤ Ha ≤ 100), aspect ratio (0.10 ≤ AR ≤ 0.20), Casson number (1 ≤ β ≤ 10), Lewis number (1 ≤ Le ≤ 10), buoyancy ratio (1 ≤ N ≤ 10), and inclination angle of the magnetic field (0° ≤ γ ≤ 90°). The findings are plotted as streamlines, isotherms, iso-concentration plots, and variable plots of average Nusselt and Sherwood numbers for various Casson numbers, buoyancy ratios, Lewis numbers, and inclination angles for variable Hartmann numbers. Results show that both aspect ratio and Hartmann number increase the thermal performance and mass transfer in the enclosure. Buoyancy ratio and inclination angle have a significant role in increasing heat transfer rate. On the other hand, higher Casson number, Lewis number, and buoyancy ratio ensure better mass transfer in the study.

{"title":"Impact of Hartmann number and aspect ratio on the heat and mass transfer characteristics in a hexagonal enclosure with a heated circular obstacle inside","authors":"Afraz Hussain Majeed , Md. Jahid Hasan , Hassan Waqas , Dong Liu , Roobaea Alroobaea , Taseer Muhammad","doi":"10.1016/j.asej.2025.103330","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.asej.2025.103330","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Hyrdo-thermal performance study in enclosures or cavities is a very promising field of study for industrial components design and implementation. Previous studies have investigated various shapes and conditions, but there is a significant research gap in studying the fluid flow and thermal performance of hexagonal enclosures with circular obstacles under natural convection regimes with the application of magnetic fields. Thus, this study plans to inspect the fluid behavior and thermal performance in a hexagonal-shaped enclosure with a heated bottom wall and circular obstacle using Casson fluid. The variables chosen for analysis include the Hartmann number (0 ≤ Ha ≤ 100), aspect ratio (0.10 ≤ AR ≤ 0.20), Casson number (1 ≤ β ≤ 10), Lewis number (1 ≤ Le ≤ 10), buoyancy ratio (1 ≤ N ≤ 10), and inclination angle of the magnetic field (0° ≤ γ ≤ 90°). The findings are plotted as streamlines, isotherms, <em>iso</em>-concentration plots, and variable plots of average Nusselt and Sherwood numbers for various Casson numbers, buoyancy ratios, Lewis numbers, and inclination angles for variable Hartmann numbers. Results show that both aspect ratio and Hartmann number increase the thermal performance and mass transfer in the enclosure. Buoyancy ratio and inclination angle have a significant role in increasing heat transfer rate. On the other hand, higher Casson number, Lewis number, and buoyancy ratio ensure better mass transfer in the study.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48648,"journal":{"name":"Ain Shams Engineering Journal","volume":"16 4","pages":"Article 103330"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143591506","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Computational investigation on drag coefficient and pressure distribution of the truck with add-on 带附加装置卡车的阻力系数和压力分布计算研究

IF 6 2区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Ain Shams Engineering Journal

Pub Date : 2025-03-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.asej.2025.103332

M.S. Karthik , P. Siva Kota Reddy , Rahul Makwana , Shivakrishna Dasi , Fehmi Gamaoun , Chander Prakash , T.V. Smitha

The current demand for reducing the drag coefficient represents one of the most significant challenges for all truck manufacturers. Fuel consumption can be improved via aerodynamic effects, which lower the vehicle’s drag coefficient. The external truck body design aids in lowering the drag coefficient, which lowers fuel consumption. The numerical study was executed using the Computational Fluid Dynamics package, which is STAR CCM+, to investigate the coefficient of drag and surface pressure distributions of the truck with add on. Truck geometries have been designed in Autodesk Fusion-360 within standard geometry with variations in shape and external drag-reducing devices. NASA’s experimental value of Generic Conventional Model had a drag coefficient of 0.4267. In contrast, the truck trailer geometry with add-ons had a drag coefficient of 0.35777 is obtained, resulting in a 19.28% decrease in the drag coefficient. Further, a 19.28% decrease could result in 7% fuel savings on a level road.

{"title":"Computational investigation on drag coefficient and pressure distribution of the truck with add-on","authors":"M.S. Karthik , P. Siva Kota Reddy , Rahul Makwana , Shivakrishna Dasi , Fehmi Gamaoun , Chander Prakash , T.V. Smitha","doi":"10.1016/j.asej.2025.103332","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.asej.2025.103332","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The current demand for reducing the drag coefficient represents one of the most significant challenges for all truck manufacturers. Fuel consumption can be improved via aerodynamic effects, which lower the vehicle’s drag coefficient. The external truck body design aids in lowering the drag coefficient, which lowers fuel consumption. The numerical study was executed using the Computational Fluid Dynamics package, which is STAR CCM+, to investigate the coefficient of drag and surface pressure distributions of the truck with add on. Truck geometries have been designed in Autodesk Fusion-360 within standard geometry with variations in shape and external drag-reducing devices. NASA’s experimental value of Generic Conventional Model had a drag coefficient of 0.4267. In contrast, the truck trailer geometry with add-ons had a drag coefficient of 0.35777 is obtained, resulting in a 19.28% decrease in the drag coefficient. Further, a 19.28% decrease could result in 7% fuel savings on a level road.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48648,"journal":{"name":"Ain Shams Engineering Journal","volume":"16 4","pages":"Article 103332"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143534679","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Link adaptation and multi-objective resource optimization in intelligent wireless networks using power-domain non-orthogonal multiple access

IF 6 2区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Ain Shams Engineering Journal

Pub Date : 2025-03-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.asej.2025.103331

Qitao Tang , Maryam Bavaghar

In intelligent wireless networks, achieving reliable communication between vehicles and infrastructure is critical for enhancing user experiences and addressing the demands of next-generation networks. However, maintaining robust connectivity is challenging due to urban environments and network variability in vehicle-to-infrastructure (V2I) and vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) communication systems. This paper proposes a novel framework for link adaptation and multi-objective resource optimization, leveraging power-domain non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) and blind reconfigurable intelligent surfaces (IRS). The proposed method incorporates a multi-agent Deep Reinforcement Learning (DRL) model, where each agent dynamically allocates resources by optimizing power control and scheduling based on real-time network data and traffic patterns. Our approach uses IRS to enhance signal quality and extend coverage even in complex and highly dynamic environments, while the multi-agent DRL framework with graph attention mechanisms enables decentralized and scalable resource management. The agents learn from the environment, adjusting resource allocation across multiple objectives, such as maximizing throughput, improving energy efficiency, and ensuring reliable connectivity. By optimizing power allocation and link adaptation, the framework addresses the challenges of channel variability and improves network performance without requiring precise channel state information (CSI). Simulation results show that the proposed approach achieved significant improvements in both energy efficiency and throughput compared to conventional methods such as NFVMCH and HetVNet. Additionally, the throughput of TRONICS scales effectively, reaching nearly 55 Mbps/Hz with 60 users per cluster, while competing methods only manage up to 26 Mbps/Hz, underscoring its advanced resource optimization capabilities.

{"title":"Link adaptation and multi-objective resource optimization in intelligent wireless networks using power-domain non-orthogonal multiple access","authors":"Qitao Tang , Maryam Bavaghar","doi":"10.1016/j.asej.2025.103331","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.asej.2025.103331","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In intelligent wireless networks, achieving reliable communication between vehicles and infrastructure is critical for enhancing user experiences and addressing the demands of next-generation networks. However, maintaining robust connectivity is challenging due to urban environments and network variability in vehicle-to-infrastructure (V2I) and vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) communication systems. This paper proposes a novel framework for link adaptation and multi-objective resource optimization, leveraging power-domain non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) and blind reconfigurable intelligent surfaces (IRS). The proposed method incorporates a multi-agent Deep Reinforcement Learning (DRL) model, where each agent dynamically allocates resources by optimizing power control and scheduling based on real-time network data and traffic patterns. Our approach uses IRS to enhance signal quality and extend coverage even in complex and highly dynamic environments, while the multi-agent DRL framework with graph attention mechanisms enables decentralized and scalable resource management. The agents learn from the environment, adjusting resource allocation across multiple objectives, such as maximizing throughput, improving energy efficiency, and ensuring reliable connectivity. By optimizing power allocation and link adaptation, the framework addresses the challenges of channel variability and improves network performance without requiring precise channel state information (CSI). Simulation results show that the proposed approach achieved significant improvements in both energy efficiency and throughput compared to conventional methods such as NFVMCH and HetVNet. Additionally, the throughput of TRONICS scales effectively, reaching nearly 55 Mbps/Hz with 60 users per cluster, while competing methods only manage up to 26 Mbps/Hz, underscoring its advanced resource optimization capabilities.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48648,"journal":{"name":"Ain Shams Engineering Journal","volume":"16 4","pages":"Article 103331"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143562262","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Enhancing rotor angle stability of reconfigured transmission networks

IF 6 2区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Ain Shams Engineering Journal

Pub Date : 2025-03-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.asej.2025.103329

Ahmed Amin , Almoataz Y. Abdelaziz , Mahmoud A. Attia , Mohamed Zakaria Kamh

Transmission network planners use switching to address a variety of issues, one of which is short circuit currents that exceed the capability of transmission substations. Transmission Switching (TS) can influence rotor angle transient stability (RATS). The alteration of the short-circuit power at points of interconnection of certain generators (POIs) due to switching can cause those generators to lose stability post-clearance of severe network faults. Therefore, it is imperative that RATS be taken into account when adopt switching in transmission networks. In the literature, analyses of generator angle separation only during and after fault incidence are used for predicting RATS issues. This can be quite challenging for network operators in terms of the available time for carrying out mitigating actions. Generation redispatch, among other measures, can be utilized to preserve RATS post-network switching. In previous work, the authors addressed the optimization of transmission network switching using steady state analysis as an inexpensive way to manage increased short circuit currents amid large-scale generation integration in some networks. This paper is the sequel of the previous work where the preservation of RATS amid such switching actions is addressed. An algorithm for preserving RATS after switching is proposed. The algorithm depends on the MATLAB regression learner that identifies the best heuristic technique for a solution with the least root mean square error (RMSE). PSS®E is utilized to run the simulations on a real-size practical extra-high voltage network. The results are then fed to the MATLAB regression learner, which identifies the relation between the impedance seen by each generator and the altered setpoints (e.g., generator dispatch). The algorithm therefore provides sufficient time for network operators to react to expected RATS issues since it anticipates these issues before fault events occur. Additionally, this algorithm enhances the industry-based software used for transient security assessment because it eliminates the need to run all the network contingencies every time if the relation between the impedance and the setpoints is kept within desirable values.

{"title":"Enhancing rotor angle stability of reconfigured transmission networks","authors":"Ahmed Amin , Almoataz Y. Abdelaziz , Mahmoud A. Attia , Mohamed Zakaria Kamh","doi":"10.1016/j.asej.2025.103329","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.asej.2025.103329","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Transmission network planners use switching to address a variety of issues, one of which is short circuit currents that exceed the capability of transmission substations. Transmission Switching (TS) can influence rotor angle transient stability (RATS). The alteration of the short-circuit power at points of interconnection of certain generators (POIs) due to switching can cause those generators to lose stability post-clearance of severe network faults. Therefore, it is imperative that RATS be taken into account when adopt switching in transmission networks. In the literature, analyses of generator angle separation only during and after fault incidence are used for predicting RATS issues. This can be quite challenging for network operators in terms of the available time for carrying out mitigating actions. Generation redispatch, among other measures, can be utilized to preserve RATS post-network switching. In previous work, the authors addressed the optimization of transmission network switching using steady state analysis as an inexpensive way to manage increased short circuit currents amid large-scale generation integration in some networks. This paper is the sequel of the previous work where the preservation of RATS amid such switching actions is addressed. An algorithm for preserving RATS after switching is proposed. The algorithm depends on the MATLAB regression learner that identifies the best heuristic technique for a solution with the least root mean square error (RMSE). PSS®E is utilized to run the simulations on a real-size practical extra-high voltage network. The results are then fed to the MATLAB regression learner, which identifies the relation between the impedance seen by each generator and the altered setpoints (e.g., generator dispatch). The algorithm therefore provides sufficient time for network operators to react to expected RATS issues since it anticipates these issues before fault events occur. Additionally, this algorithm enhances the industry-based software used for transient security assessment because it eliminates the need to run all the network contingencies every time if the relation between the impedance and the setpoints is kept within desirable values.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48648,"journal":{"name":"Ain Shams Engineering Journal","volume":"16 4","pages":"Article 103329"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143548624","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Optimal Fault-Tolerant Control for Dynamic Systems with Distributed Fault Parameter Uncertainty Domains

IF 6 2区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Ain Shams Engineering Journal

Pub Date : 2025-03-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.asej.2025.103319

Dan Du , Zetao Li

This paper presents an optimal fault-tolerant control (FTC) method for dynamic systems with distributed fault parameter uncertainty. According to the distributed characteristic of the fault parameter uncertainty domain and insufficient fault information, identify the controller parameter feasible domain on each distributed fault parameter uncertainty sub-domain, respectively. The intersection of all controller parameter feasible domains is the feasible domain of fault-tolerant controller parameters. The optimal fault-tolerant controller with an optimal performance index is obtained from the feasible domain of fault-tolerant controller parameters. Update the optimal fault-tolerant controller according to the increase in fault information. When the fault diagnosis procedure stops providing more useful fault information, the optimal fault-tolerant controller ceases its updates. After fully identifying the fault, an active fault-tolerant controller is designed based on the fault parameter values. An optimal fault-tolerant control algorithm based on quadratic stability control is introduced for distributed fault parameter uncertainty domains. Firstly, the currently distributed fault parameter uncertainty domain is determined based on insufficient fault information. Then, we design the quadratic stability controllers for each distributed uncertainty sub-domain of fault parameters to get the controller parameter feasible domain. The optimal fault-tolerant controller with an optimal performance index is obtained from the feasible domain of fault-tolerant controller parameters. Once the fault is identified, the optimal fault-tolerant control converges to the linear quadratic regulator (LQR) control. The simulation results confirm that the proposed method and algorithm are feasible and effective.

{"title":"Optimal Fault-Tolerant Control for Dynamic Systems with Distributed Fault Parameter Uncertainty Domains","authors":"Dan Du , Zetao Li","doi":"10.1016/j.asej.2025.103319","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.asej.2025.103319","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper presents an optimal fault-tolerant control (FTC) method for dynamic systems with distributed fault parameter uncertainty. According to the distributed characteristic of the fault parameter uncertainty domain and insufficient fault information, identify the controller parameter feasible domain on each distributed fault parameter uncertainty sub-domain, respectively. The intersection of all controller parameter feasible domains is the feasible domain of fault-tolerant controller parameters. The optimal fault-tolerant controller with an optimal performance index is obtained from the feasible domain of fault-tolerant controller parameters. Update the optimal fault-tolerant controller according to the increase in fault information. When the fault diagnosis procedure stops providing more useful fault information, the optimal fault-tolerant controller ceases its updates. After fully identifying the fault, an active fault-tolerant controller is designed based on the fault parameter values. An optimal fault-tolerant control algorithm based on quadratic stability control is introduced for distributed fault parameter uncertainty domains. Firstly, the currently distributed fault parameter uncertainty domain is determined based on insufficient fault information. Then, we design the quadratic stability controllers for each distributed uncertainty sub-domain of fault parameters to get the controller parameter feasible domain. The optimal fault-tolerant controller with an optimal performance index is obtained from the feasible domain of fault-tolerant controller parameters. Once the fault is identified, the optimal fault-tolerant control converges to the linear quadratic regulator (LQR) control. The simulation results confirm that the proposed method and algorithm are feasible and effective.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48648,"journal":{"name":"Ain Shams Engineering Journal","volume":"16 4","pages":"Article 103319"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143534678","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A novel hybrid biological optimisation algorithm for tackling reservoir optimal operation problem

IF 6 2区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Ain Shams Engineering Journal

Pub Date : 2025-03-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.asej.2025.103342

Xinlong Le, Kang Ling, Liwei Zhou, Yunliang Wen

This study introduces the Hybrid Grey-Wolf-Coati Optimiser (HGWCO), a novel metaheuristic algorithm designed for solving constrained optimisation problems. HGWCO integrates the hierarchical leadership structure of the Grey Wolf Optimiser (GWO) with the dynamic population search behavior of the Coati Optimisation Algorithm (CoatiOA), addressing the critical challenge of balancing global exploration and local exploitation in high-dimensional optimisation problems. To evaluate its effectiveness, HGWCO was tested on 10 benchmark functions from the CEC2020 suite and four real-world engineering optimisation problems, including reservoir operation. The results show that HGWCO ranked first in 19 out of 50 CEC2020 test scenarios and demonstrated stable performance in four real-world engineering problems, maintaining consistency in optimal values, mean, and variance. It also outperformed 25 algorithms in tasks like pressure vessel design (PVD) and the traveling salesman problem (TSP). In reservoir operation optimisation, HGWCO surpassed compared metaheuristics, ensuring stable convergence with more practical optimisation results.

{"title":"A novel hybrid biological optimisation algorithm for tackling reservoir optimal operation problem","authors":"Xinlong Le, Kang Ling, Liwei Zhou, Yunliang Wen","doi":"10.1016/j.asej.2025.103342","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.asej.2025.103342","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study introduces the Hybrid Grey-Wolf-Coati Optimiser (HGWCO), a novel metaheuristic algorithm designed for solving constrained optimisation problems. HGWCO integrates the hierarchical leadership structure of the Grey Wolf Optimiser (GWO) with the dynamic population search behavior of the Coati Optimisation Algorithm (CoatiOA), addressing the critical challenge of balancing global exploration and local exploitation in high-dimensional optimisation problems. To evaluate its effectiveness, HGWCO was tested on 10 benchmark functions from the CEC2020 suite and four real-world engineering optimisation problems, including reservoir operation. The results show that HGWCO ranked first in 19 out of 50 CEC2020 test scenarios and demonstrated stable performance in four real-world engineering problems, maintaining consistency in optimal values, mean, and variance. It also outperformed 25 algorithms in tasks like pressure vessel design (PVD) and the traveling salesman problem (TSP). In reservoir operation optimisation, HGWCO surpassed compared metaheuristics, ensuring stable convergence with more practical optimisation results.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48648,"journal":{"name":"Ain Shams Engineering Journal","volume":"16 4","pages":"Article 103342"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143619561","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A new algorithm for the identification of high impedance faults in distribution systems utilizing S transform

IF 6 2区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Ain Shams Engineering Journal

Pub Date : 2025-03-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.asej.2025.103334

Aida Abedzadeh Janiabadi, Saeid Hasheminejad

Using the superior specifications of S-transform (ST) a new algorithm is presented for the high impedance fault (HIF) detection in distribution systems. Here, ST is applied to one cycle of the current signal and all time and frequency information of the signal are extracted. Then, four numerical indices named as total harmonic distortion (THD), even harmonic energy (EHE), variation coefficient (VC) and phase deviation (PD) are calculated from the ST output. According to the values of the four indices and some predefined thresholds, HIF is discriminated from the normal situation and other events of the distribution system. Performance of the proposed algorithm is evaluated by the test signals simulated by PSCAD/EMTDC software and experimental test signals extracted from a real distribution network. Here, the total algorithm implementation time is 21 ms. With the presence of 30 dB gaussian white noise, the HIF identification accuracy is cleared to be 98.48 %.

引用次数: 0

FPGA-based implementation of a tangible cubes sense using infrared communication

IF 6 2区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Ain Shams Engineering Journal

Pub Date : 2025-02-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.asej.2025.103321

Vladimir Kasik , Martin Augustynek, Jan Kubicek, Terezie Kauzlaricova, Jaroslav Vondrak, Alice Varysova

Background and motivation

The integration of tangible objects into digital environments represents a growing research frontier, addressing gaps in existing interactive and sensor technologies. This study proposes a novel method for real-time object identification and localization using infrared (IR) communication and field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs).

Materials and methods

The research employs IR communication for data exchange between cubes and a smart sensory board (SSB), each equipped with IR transmitters and receivers. FPGA technology is utilized to facilitate real-time data processing and visualization. Key metrics include detection accuracy for cube positioning, angular rotation, and tilt. Experiments analyzed the system’s robustness under varying displacement, rotation, and tilt conditions.

Results

The system achieved reliable detection within a 6 mm tolerance for displacement and a maximum height of 30 mm above the SSB. Angular rotation was limited to ±11° for central axis rotation at optimal alignment, with false positives reduced through calibrated IR power and checksum validation. Five experimental tests quantified the detection boundaries, producing detailed metrics: translation limits: ±7 mm in the x and y axes, rotation: ±11° around the central axis; ±10° along edges, and tilt: maximum angular limits of 29° for left edges and 25° for front edges.The system demonstrated robustness, with a fault rate below 2 % under normal operating conditions.

Discussion and conclusion

While the system’s IR communication and FPGA integration improve accuracy and response time, potential limitations include sensitivity to environmental interference and the need for precise manufacturing tolerances. Future research should explore advanced materials, broader IR protocols, and enhanced usability features such as adaptive haptic feedback. The findings provide a foundation for further development in sensor-based interaction systems and contribute to the advancement of augmented reality technologies.

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