Ain Shams Engineering Journal最新文献_第5页

Performance analysis of a smart microgrid controller for under real-time operating conditions at Royal Project Intanon 智能微电网控制器在皇家Intanon项目实时运行条件下的性能分析

IF 5.9 2区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Ain Shams Engineering Journal

Pub Date : 2025-12-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.asej.2025.103938

Xianwen Zhu , Buntoon Wiengmoon , Tawat Suriwong , Chatchai Sirisamphanwong

This study examines Thailand’s first hydropower and solar PV-assisted smart microgrid system operating in real time at Royal Project Intanon. The smart microgrid system comprises a dual 90 kW hydropower generation unit, a 20 kW solar PV system, and a 100 kW Battery Energy Storage System (BESS), with a conventional grid connection. During smart microgrid operation, first-order and average filter control methods are employed to prioritise the solar PV system and the BESS, given their faster response to grid load demand. Initially, BESS favours stabilising both frequency and voltage in the closed microgrid within 30 s, thereby coordinating the PV systems to resume operation. Following that, hydropower generation is synchronised with the smart microgrid system. Although most load demand is met by hydropower, the initial stage of islanding relies on the battery energy storage system. The most extended power outage occurred in September 2021, lasting 1661 min. On a selective day in September, BESS peak charging and discharging were −36.06 kW and 35.51 kW, respectively, whereas the average solar PV generation was below 2 kW. Throughout the power outage, hydropower generation consistently met load demand, and the BESS initiated charging and discharging processes as required by the load profile. Following that, a selective day in August shows that the BESS initiated charging and discharging 59 times. A year-round performance analysis indicates that the examined commercial microgrid controller avoided 5232 min of grid power outages without using a diesel generator and met the load demand efficiently.

本研究考察了泰国第一个水电和太阳能光伏辅助智能微电网系统，该系统在皇家Intanon项目中实时运行。智能微电网系统包括一个90千瓦的双水力发电机组、一个20千瓦的太阳能光伏系统和一个100千瓦的电池储能系统（BESS），并与传统的电网连接。在智能微电网运行中，由于太阳能光伏系统和BESS对电网负荷需求的响应速度更快，采用一阶和平均滤波控制方法对其进行优先级排序。最初，BESS有利于在30秒内稳定封闭微电网的频率和电压，从而协调光伏系统恢复运行。随后，水电发电与智能微电网系统同步。虽然大部分负荷需求是由水电来满足的，但孤岛的初始阶段依赖于电池储能系统。最长时间的停电发生在2021年9月，持续了1661分钟。在9月的某一天，BESS的峰值充放电分别为- 36.06 kW和35.51 kW，而太阳能光伏发电的平均发电量低于2 kW。在整个停电过程中，水力发电始终满足负荷需求，BESS根据负荷概况要求启动充放电过程。此后，在8月份的某一天，BESS进行了59次充放电。全年性能分析表明，该商业微电网控制器在不使用柴油发电机的情况下避免了5232 min的电网停电，有效地满足了负荷需求。

{"title":"Performance analysis of a smart microgrid controller for under real-time operating conditions at Royal Project Intanon","authors":"Xianwen Zhu , Buntoon Wiengmoon , Tawat Suriwong , Chatchai Sirisamphanwong","doi":"10.1016/j.asej.2025.103938","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.asej.2025.103938","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study examines Thailand’s first hydropower and solar PV-assisted smart microgrid system operating in real time at Royal Project Intanon. The smart microgrid system comprises a dual 90 kW hydropower generation unit, a 20 kW solar PV system, and a 100 kW Battery Energy Storage System (BESS), with a conventional grid connection. During smart microgrid operation, first-order and average filter control methods are employed to prioritise the solar PV system and the BESS, given their faster response to grid load demand. Initially, BESS favours stabilising both frequency and voltage in the closed microgrid within 30 s, thereby coordinating the PV systems to resume operation. Following that, hydropower generation is synchronised with the smart microgrid system. Although most load demand is met by hydropower, the initial stage of islanding relies on the battery energy storage system. The most extended power outage occurred in September 2021, lasting 1661 min. On a selective day in September, BESS peak charging and discharging were −36.06 kW and 35.51 kW, respectively, whereas the average solar PV generation was below 2 kW. Throughout the power outage, hydropower generation consistently met load demand, and the BESS initiated charging and discharging processes as required by the load profile. Following that, a selective day in August shows that the BESS initiated charging and discharging 59 times. A year-round performance analysis indicates that the examined commercial microgrid controller avoided 5232 min of grid power outages without using a diesel generator and met the load demand efficiently.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48648,"journal":{"name":"Ain Shams Engineering Journal","volume":"17 1","pages":"Article 103938"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2025-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145789595","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Seamless supervisory control scheme of a constrained grid-connected microgrid with hybrid resources and hydrogen production unit 具有混合资源和制氢装置的约束并网微电网无缝监控方案

IF 5.9 2区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Ain Shams Engineering Journal

Pub Date : 2025-12-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.asej.2025.103945

Safwan Edris , Akram Elmitwally , Mohamed Elgohary , Abdelhady Ghanem

This study proposes a heuristic seamless supervisory control scheme (SECS) for a constrained grid-connected microgrid with green hydrogen production and storage system (GHPS). Beside the photovoltaic generator (PVG) and the wind generator (WG), the microgrid has an alkaline electrolyser (AE) for hydrogen production, a high-pressure storage tank with a compressor, and proton-exchange membrane fuel cell (FC). It supplies both DC and AC loads. The SECS coordinates the individual controllers of the microgrid subsystems to achieve stable and economic operation. It needs only the three-phase main grid current and hydrogen tank level as inputs to make real time decisions specifying energy-sharing status for the microgrid players. Also, it maintains voltage quality and enables smooth state transition under all operating conditions. By employing elaborated mathematical models, the study analyses the operational dynamics and working efficiency of main components for various scenarios. Two proposed configurations of the microgrid are considered. The entire electrical–mechanical dynamic model is simulated in Matlab environment. Obtained results prove the scheme efficacy and verify the seamless performance of the proposed configurations.

针对具有绿色制氢和储氢系统（GHPS）的受限并网微电网，提出了一种启发式无缝监控方案（SECS）。除了光伏发电机（PVG）和风力发电机（WG）外，微电网还有一个用于制氢的碱性电解槽（AE）、一个带压缩机的高压储罐和质子交换膜燃料电池（FC）。它提供直流和交流负载。SECS协调微电网各子系统的各个控制器，以实现微电网的稳定经济运行。它只需要三相主电网电流和氢罐液位作为输入，就可以实时决策，为微电网参与者指定能量共享状态。此外，它保持电压质量，并在所有操作条件下实现平稳的状态转换。通过详细的数学模型，分析了不同场景下各主要部件的运行动态和工作效率。考虑了微电网的两种配置方案。在Matlab环境下对整个机电动力学模型进行了仿真。得到的结果证明了该方案的有效性，并验证了所提结构的无缝性能。

{"title":"Seamless supervisory control scheme of a constrained grid-connected microgrid with hybrid resources and hydrogen production unit","authors":"Safwan Edris , Akram Elmitwally , Mohamed Elgohary , Abdelhady Ghanem","doi":"10.1016/j.asej.2025.103945","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.asej.2025.103945","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study proposes a heuristic seamless supervisory control scheme (SECS) for a constrained grid-connected microgrid with green hydrogen production and storage system (GHPS). Beside the photovoltaic generator (PVG) and the wind generator (WG), the microgrid has an alkaline electrolyser (AE) for hydrogen production, a high-pressure storage tank with a compressor, and proton-exchange membrane fuel cell (FC). It supplies both DC and AC loads. The SECS coordinates the individual controllers of the microgrid subsystems to achieve stable and economic operation. It needs only the three-phase main grid current and hydrogen tank level as inputs to make real time decisions specifying energy-sharing status for the microgrid players. Also, it maintains voltage quality and enables smooth state transition under all operating conditions. By employing elaborated mathematical models, the study analyses the operational dynamics and working efficiency of main components for various scenarios. Two proposed configurations of the microgrid are considered. The entire electrical–mechanical dynamic model is simulated in Matlab environment. Obtained results prove the scheme efficacy and verify the seamless performance of the proposed configurations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48648,"journal":{"name":"Ain Shams Engineering Journal","volume":"17 1","pages":"Article 103945"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2025-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145789596","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A version of Hermite-Hadamard-Mercer inequality and associated results 一个版本的Hermite-Hadamard-Mercer不等式及其相关结果

IF 5.9 2区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Ain Shams Engineering Journal

Pub Date : 2025-12-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.asej.2025.103899

Zhenglin Zhang , Muhammad Adil Khan , Jamroz Khan , Shah Faisal , Xuewu Zuo , Mohammed Kbiri Alaoui

Over the past decade, the Hermite-Hadamard inequality has attracted significant attention from mathematicians, leading to the development of various extensions and generalizations involving different fractional operators, stochastic processes, geometrical interpretations, and applications in image processing. This study focuses on addressing problems related to the Hermite-Hadamard-Jensen-Mercer inequality by incorporating weighted arithmetic means instead of unweighted means within the framework of conformable fractional integral operators. A key objective is to estimate the difference between the derived inequalities. To this end, a novel integral identity is established. Utilizing this identity, several bounds for the difference of the inequalities are obtained by applying convexity, the Hölder inequality, and power-mean inequality. The results are further supported by applications to various means. Finally, the validity and accuracy of the derived results are demonstrated through two-dimensional and three-dimensional graphical representations.

在过去的十年中，Hermite-Hadamard不等式引起了数学家的极大关注，导致了各种扩展和推广的发展，涉及不同的分数算子，随机过程，几何解释以及在图像处理中的应用。本文的研究重点是在符合分数阶积分算子的框架内，采用加权算术均值代替非加权均值来解决与Hermite-Hadamard-Jensen-Mercer不等式相关的问题。一个关键的目标是估计推导出的不等式之间的差异。为此，建立了一种新的积分恒等式。利用这个恒等式，通过应用凸性、Hölder不等式和幂均不等式，得到了不等式之差的若干界。通过各种方法的应用进一步支持了这一结果。最后，通过二维和三维图形表示验证了所得结果的有效性和准确性。

{"title":"A version of Hermite-Hadamard-Mercer inequality and associated results","authors":"Zhenglin Zhang , Muhammad Adil Khan , Jamroz Khan , Shah Faisal , Xuewu Zuo , Mohammed Kbiri Alaoui","doi":"10.1016/j.asej.2025.103899","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.asej.2025.103899","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Over the past decade, the Hermite-Hadamard inequality has attracted significant attention from mathematicians, leading to the development of various extensions and generalizations involving different fractional operators, stochastic processes, geometrical interpretations, and applications in image processing. This study focuses on addressing problems related to the Hermite-Hadamard-Jensen-Mercer inequality by incorporating weighted arithmetic means instead of unweighted means within the framework of conformable fractional integral operators. A key objective is to estimate the difference between the derived inequalities. To this end, a novel integral identity is established. Utilizing this identity, several bounds for the difference of the inequalities are obtained by applying convexity, the Hölder inequality, and power-mean inequality. The results are further supported by applications to various means. Finally, the validity and accuracy of the derived results are demonstrated through two-dimensional and three-dimensional graphical representations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48648,"journal":{"name":"Ain Shams Engineering Journal","volume":"17 1","pages":"Article 103899"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2025-12-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145790132","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Numerical solution for fractional Neumann series equations 分数阶诺伊曼级数方程的数值解

IF 5.9 2区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Ain Shams Engineering Journal

Pub Date : 2025-12-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.asej.2025.103915

Dumitru Baleanu , Babak Shiri

This study focuses on fractional differential equations defined by the Neumann series operator. The inverse of the fractional integral operator

(1 - α) I^{0} + α I^{α}

is associated with a MABC operator. The underlying fractional Neumann equation is proven to be equivalent to weakly singular integral equations. A new collocation method is proposed for the numerical solution. The method separates the solution into regular and non-regular components. Convergence, super-convergence, and stability of the method are obtained. Unlike finite difference methods, the order of convergence is not reduced on uniform meshes. Numerical examples are provided to validate the theoretical findings.

本文主要研究由诺伊曼级数算子定义的分数阶微分方程。分数阶积分算子（1−α）I0+α i α的逆与MABC算子相关。证明了分数阶诺伊曼方程等价于弱奇异积分方程。提出了一种新的数值解的配点法。该方法将溶液分为规则组分和非规则组分。得到了该方法的收敛性、超收敛性和稳定性。与有限差分法不同，在均匀网格上，收敛阶不会降低。数值算例验证了理论结果。

引用次数: 0

Multi-scale spatial-structure restoration network based on unsupervised learning for low-light image enhancement 基于无监督学习的多尺度空间结构恢复网络弱光图像增强

IF 5.9 2区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Ain Shams Engineering Journal

Pub Date : 2025-12-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.asej.2025.103928

Teng Ran, Jianxing Wu, Qing Tao

Low-light conditions degrade image information and affect the performance of visual perception tasks. Most low-light image enhancement methods currently rely on costly paired datasets for training. Meanwhile, many unsupervised models often face challenges in effectively recovering details, spatial structure, and color information. To address these issues, this paper proposes a multi-scale spatial structure restoration architecture, which is trained in an unsupervised manner using SSIM loss and Smoothness loss functions. To simultaneously capture global information and preserve details, we use the Haar Wavelet Downsample to extract image features at different scales. We introduce the Global-Contextual Relay Aggregation module that enhances and restores global and local features. Additionally, we designed the Dual Semantic-Spatial Attention Module with a dual-branch structure. It extracts global structural information and enhances the semantic understanding. We introduced High-Low Frequency Decomposition. It uses the Haar wavelet inverse transform to promote effective fusion of features at different scales. Experimental results show that the proposed method outperforms existing unsupervised approaches on the LOL-v1 (PSNR: 20.0 dB, MAE: 0.0961, DeltaE: 12.3623). The results surpassed supervised models like PairLIE (PSNR: 18.47 dB, MAE: 0.1153, DeltaE: 14.2984). It also demonstrates superior performance in terms of brightness uniformity, detail restoration, and color accuracy on LOL-v2-Real and LOL-v2-Synthetic.

低光条件会降低图像信息，影响视觉感知任务的性能。目前大多数弱光图像增强方法依赖于昂贵的成对数据集进行训练。同时，许多无监督模型在有效地恢复细节、空间结构和颜色信息方面经常面临挑战。为了解决这些问题，本文提出了一种多尺度空间结构恢复体系结构，该体系结构使用SSIM损失和平滑损失函数以无监督的方式进行训练。为了同时捕获全局信息和保留细节，我们使用Haar小波下采样提取不同尺度的图像特征。我们引入了全局上下文中继聚合模块，增强和恢复全局和局部特性。此外，我们还设计了双分支结构的双语义-空间注意模块。它提取全局结构信息，增强语义理解。我们介绍了高低频分解。该算法利用Haar小波反变换促进不同尺度特征的有效融合。实验结果表明，该方法在LOL-v1 （PSNR: 20.0 dB, MAE: 0.0961, DeltaE: 12.3623）上优于现有的无监督方法。结果优于PairLIE等监督模型（PSNR: 18.47 dB, MAE: 0.1153, DeltaE: 14.2984）。它在亮度均匀性、细节恢复和色彩精度方面也表现出在llo -v2- real和llo -v2- synthetic上的卓越性能。

{"title":"Multi-scale spatial-structure restoration network based on unsupervised learning for low-light image enhancement","authors":"Teng Ran, Jianxing Wu, Qing Tao","doi":"10.1016/j.asej.2025.103928","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.asej.2025.103928","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Low-light conditions degrade image information and affect the performance of visual perception tasks. Most low-light image enhancement methods currently rely on costly paired datasets for training. Meanwhile, many unsupervised models often face challenges in effectively recovering details, spatial structure, and color information. To address these issues, this paper proposes a multi-scale spatial structure restoration architecture, which is trained in an unsupervised manner using SSIM loss and Smoothness loss functions. To simultaneously capture global information and preserve details, we use the Haar Wavelet Downsample to extract image features at different scales. We introduce the Global-Contextual Relay Aggregation module that enhances and restores global and local features. Additionally, we designed the Dual Semantic-Spatial Attention Module with a dual-branch structure. It extracts global structural information and enhances the semantic understanding. We introduced High-Low Frequency Decomposition. It uses the Haar wavelet inverse transform to promote effective fusion of features at different scales. Experimental results show that the proposed method outperforms existing unsupervised approaches on the LOL-v1 (PSNR: 20.0 dB, MAE: 0.0961, DeltaE: 12.3623). The results surpassed supervised models like PairLIE (PSNR: 18.47 dB, MAE: 0.1153, DeltaE: 14.2984). It also demonstrates superior performance in terms of brightness uniformity, detail restoration, and color accuracy on LOL-v2-Real and LOL-v2-Synthetic.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48648,"journal":{"name":"Ain Shams Engineering Journal","volume":"17 1","pages":"Article 103928"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2025-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145789597","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Dynamic security policy generation and evaluation algorithm for trusted containers based on artificial intelligence 基于人工智能的可信容器动态安全策略生成与评估算法

IF 5.9 2区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Ain Shams Engineering Journal

Pub Date : 2025-12-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.asej.2025.103902

Wang Ben , Chen Hongchu

Existing container security policies struggle to adapt to environmental changes and lack an effective evaluation mechanism. This paper proposes a dynamic security policy generation algorithm using artificial intelligence (AI) and integrates an evaluation mechanism to ensure real-time effectiveness. The model employs Deep Q-Network (DQN) to generate policies, using environmental features like resource usage, network traffic patterns, and threat scores as inputs. Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) is applied to resolve conflicts and optimize execution efficiency and consistency. A multi-objective regression evaluation mechanism is used to assess policy effectiveness based on detection efficiency, resource usage, and protection accuracy. Experimental results show that the dynamic strategy reduces generation time by 70%, boosts response efficiency by 62.7%, achieves 94.2% task completion, and improves threat detection and protection accuracy by 23.5% and 18.9%, respectively. This method enhances the efficiency and reliability of container security policies in dynamic environments.

现有的容器安全策略难以适应环境变化，并且缺乏有效的评估机制。本文提出了一种基于人工智能的动态安全策略生成算法，并集成了一种评估机制以确保实时有效性。该模型采用深度Q-Network （DQN）来生成策略，使用资源使用、网络流量模式和威胁评分等环境特征作为输入。采用粒子群算法（PSO）解决冲突，优化执行效率和一致性。基于检测效率、资源利用率和保护准确性，采用多目标回归评价机制对策略有效性进行评估。实验结果表明，动态策略的生成时间缩短了70%，响应效率提高了62.7%，任务完成率提高了94.2%，威胁检测和防护准确率分别提高了23.5%和18.9%。该方法提高了动态环境下容器安全策略的效率和可靠性。

引用次数: 0

Optimization of the main cutting force in the machining of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) 聚四氟乙烯（PTFE）加工中主切削力的优化

IF 5.9 2区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Ain Shams Engineering Journal

Pub Date : 2025-12-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.asej.2025.103927

Slavica Prvulovic , Predrag Mosorinski , Ljubisa Josimovic , Jasna Tolmac , Branislava Radisic , Uros Sarenac

This paper presents the application of a three-factor linear model for the analysis and optimization of the main cutting resistance during the machining of PTFE (Polytetrafluoroethylene) material, with nominal dimensions of ∅50 × 500 mm. PTFE is known for its unique mechanical and thermal properties, which pose challenges in machining processes. Key machining parameters—specifically cutting depth, spindle speed, and cutting speed—were initially identified and then collectively examined as machining parameters through regression analysis to determine their interactions and impact on cutting resistance. The aim of this research was to optimize these machining parameters through mathematical modeling to reduce cutting resistance, extend tool life, and enhance productivity. The results demonstrated that proper optimization of the machining parameters can significantly reduce tool wear, lower costs, and improve machining efficiency.

本文应用三因素线性模型对公称尺寸为∅50 × 500mm的聚四氟乙烯（PTFE）材料加工时的主要切削阻力进行分析与优化。聚四氟乙烯以其独特的机械和热性能而闻名，这对加工过程提出了挑战。首先确定了关键加工参数，特别是切削深度、主轴转速和切削速度，然后通过回归分析将其作为加工参数进行综合检验，以确定它们之间的相互作用和对切削阻力的影响。本研究的目的是通过数学建模优化这些加工参数，以减少切削阻力，延长刀具寿命，提高生产率。结果表明，合理优化加工参数可显著减少刀具磨损，降低加工成本，提高加工效率。

引用次数: 0

Techno-economic feasibility analysis of a hybrid off grid AC-DC microgrid to support a health clinic 离网交-直流混合微电网支持诊所的技术经济可行性分析

IF 5.9 2区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Ain Shams Engineering Journal

Pub Date : 2025-12-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.asej.2025.103888

Asif Raza , Zi-Hong Jiang , Yi-Die Ye , Muhammad Punhal Sahto , Ahmed Lotfy Haridy , Said I. Abouzeid , Ghalib Raza , Jibran Hussain

Techno-economic analysis of off-grid hybrid AC-DC microgrids (HMGs) in desert areas has primarily focused on meeting the load demands in residential, household, domestic, and agricultural applications, while the healthcare sector has been comparatively less considered. These analyses contribute to the development of effective financial techniques. This paper presents a techno-economic design for an HMG that combines AC and DC elements such as diesel generators (DG), photovoltaic (PV), wind turbines (WT), batteries (BAT), and power converters (Conv) to satisfy the power demand of a rural health clinic with a daily load of 110 kWh, situated in the desert area of Nubian in Aswan, Egypt. The optimization of HMG is performed through HOMER Pro based on hourly wind speed, solar irradiance, and clinic load data to evaluate the cost of electricity, carbon emissions, loss of power supply probability, and renewable fraction. The results are compared across four different HMG combinations: PV/WT/BAT/Conv, DG/PV/BAT/Conv, DG/PV/WT/BAT/Conv, and WT/DG. The simulation outcomes indicate that the system incorporating the WT/DG/PV/BAT/Conv provides the most efficient techno-economic solution for meeting the clinic’s power demand. The optimal configuration includes 4 kW of DG, 10 kW of WT, 9 kW of PV, 36 batteries, and 16 kW of power converters. This system achieves the lowest 51.76 k$ of net present cost and 0.107 $/kWh of cost of electricity, 3051 kg/year of CO₂ emissions, and a significant renewable contribution of 90.7 %. Furthermore, the sensitivity assessment verifies that the system costs are greatly affected by factors including solar radiation, wind speed, discount rate, and diesel cost.

沙漠地区离网混合交直流微电网（hmg）的技术经济分析主要集中在满足住宅、家庭、家庭和农业应用的负荷需求上，而医疗保健领域的考虑相对较少。这些分析有助于开发有效的财务技术。本文介绍了一种结合交流和直流元件的HMG的技术经济设计，如柴油发电机（DG）、光伏（PV）、风力涡轮机（WT）、电池（BAT）和电源转换器（Conv），以满足位于埃及阿斯旺努比亚沙漠地区的一个农村卫生诊所的电力需求，该诊所的日负荷为110千瓦时。基于每小时风速、太阳辐照度和诊所负荷数据，通过HOMER Pro对HMG进行优化，以评估电力成本、碳排放、电力供应损失概率和可再生比例。结果比较了四种不同的HMG组合：PV/WT/BAT/Conv、DG/PV/BAT/Conv、DG/PV/WT/BAT/Conv和WT/DG。仿真结果表明，WT/DG/PV/BAT/Conv组合系统是满足诊所电力需求的最有效的技术经济解决方案。最佳配置包括4kw的DG、10kw的WT、9kw的PV、36节电池、16kw的变流器。该系统实现了最低的净现值成本51.76美元，电力成本0.107美元/千瓦时，二氧化碳排放量3051公斤/年，可再生能源贡献率为90.7%。此外，灵敏度评估验证了系统成本受太阳辐射、风速、贴现率和柴油成本等因素的影响较大。

{"title":"Techno-economic feasibility analysis of a hybrid off grid AC-DC microgrid to support a health clinic","authors":"Asif Raza , Zi-Hong Jiang , Yi-Die Ye , Muhammad Punhal Sahto , Ahmed Lotfy Haridy , Said I. Abouzeid , Ghalib Raza , Jibran Hussain","doi":"10.1016/j.asej.2025.103888","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.asej.2025.103888","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Techno-economic analysis of off-grid hybrid AC-DC microgrids (HMGs) in desert areas has primarily focused on meeting the load demands in residential, household, domestic, and agricultural applications, while the healthcare sector has been comparatively less considered. These analyses contribute to the development of effective financial techniques. This paper presents a techno-economic design for an HMG that combines AC and DC elements such as diesel generators (DG), photovoltaic (PV), wind turbines (WT), batteries (BAT), and power converters (Conv) to satisfy the power demand of a rural health clinic with a daily load of 110 kWh, situated in the desert area of Nubian in Aswan, Egypt. The optimization of HMG is performed through HOMER Pro based on hourly wind speed, solar irradiance, and clinic load data to evaluate the cost of electricity, carbon emissions, loss of power supply probability, and renewable fraction. The results are compared across four different HMG combinations: PV/WT/BAT/Conv, DG/PV/BAT/Conv, DG/PV/WT/BAT/Conv, and WT/DG. The simulation outcomes indicate that the system incorporating the WT/DG/PV/BAT/Conv provides the most efficient techno-economic solution for meeting the clinic’s power demand. The optimal configuration includes 4 kW of DG, 10 kW of WT, 9 kW of PV, 36 batteries, and 16 kW of power converters. This system achieves the lowest 51.76 k$ of net present cost and 0.107 $/kWh of cost of electricity, 3051 kg/year of CO<sub>2</sub> emissions, and a significant renewable contribution of 90.7 %. Furthermore, the sensitivity assessment verifies that the system costs are greatly affected by factors including solar radiation, wind speed, discount rate, and diesel cost.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48648,"journal":{"name":"Ain Shams Engineering Journal","volume":"17 1","pages":"Article 103888"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2025-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145736132","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Hybrid deep learning model for network intrusion detection using optimal feature fusion 基于最优特征融合的网络入侵检测混合深度学习模型

IF 5.9 2区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Ain Shams Engineering Journal

Pub Date : 2025-12-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.asej.2025.103904

Harish M.S , Lokesh S , Sakthivel P , Akshaya B

Recent Intrusion Detection (ID) networks face difficulties in handling the enlarging volume of network traffic and adapting to emerging cyber threats. Handling data traffic and addressing data imbalance are key requirements for identifying recent cyber threats. This paper proposes a novel hybrid ID system designed to mitigate data imbalance issues. The proposed methodology uses advanced deep learning techniques and optimized characteristic fusion models, making it suitable for high-traffic environments. This research conducts a comprehensive experimental study on five standard ID datasets, focusing on network traffic and system behavior data, which are crucial for detecting potential intrusions. In the deep feature extraction phase, multiple features are considered, including statistical information, T-SNE features, and high-level deep learning features. T-SNE features capture similarities between data points, helping preserve the most important features. For feature fusion, optimal weights are identified using the proposed RCMPA. The fused feature set, created from these optimized weights, improves that a more appropriate and discriminative characteristics are utilized for training. A system then employs a “Multi-scale Dilated Deep Hybrid Network with Attention Mechanism” (MDDHN-AM) for intrusion diagnosis. This developed model integrates TCNN and RNN to detain both temporal and spatial dependencies. TCNN processes sequential information to identify temporal patterns, while RNN captures the dynamic nature of network traffic. The attention mechanism prioritizes the most significant features, enabling more accurate intrusion detection. At last, the presentation of MDDHN-AM was compared to traditional and state-of-the-art intrusion detection methods across multiple metrics. The developed model achieved 96.43% detection accuracy and 97.38% precision, illustrating its efficiency in handling diverse digital attacks and data imbalance. An improved performance over traditional methods highlights its potential as a robust solution for secure communication and protection against evolving digital attacks.

近年来，入侵检测（ID）网络面临着处理不断增长的网络流量和适应新出现的网络威胁的困难。处理数据流量和解决数据不平衡是识别近期网络威胁的关键要求。本文提出了一种新型的混合身份识别系统，旨在缓解数据不平衡问题。所提出的方法采用先进的深度学习技术和优化的特征融合模型，使其适用于高流量环境。本研究对五种标准ID数据集进行了全面的实验研究，重点研究了网络流量和系统行为数据，这些数据对检测潜在入侵至关重要。在深度特征提取阶段，需要考虑多种特征，包括统计信息、T-SNE特征和高级深度学习特征。T-SNE特征捕捉数据点之间的相似性，帮助保留最重要的特征。在特征融合方面，利用所提出的RCMPA识别最优权值。由这些优化后的权重创建的融合特征集，提高了训练中使用更合适和有区别的特征。该系统采用“多尺度扩展深度混合网络与注意机制”（MDDHN-AM）进行入侵诊断。该开发的模型集成了TCNN和RNN，以保留时间和空间依赖关系。TCNN处理顺序信息以识别时间模式，而RNN捕获网络流量的动态特性。注意机制优先考虑最重要的特征，从而实现更准确的入侵检测。最后，将MDDHN-AM与传统和最新的入侵检测方法进行了跨多个度量的比较。该模型的检测准确率为96.43%，检测精度为97.38%，能够有效地处理各种数字攻击和数据不平衡问题。与传统方法相比，其性能的改进突出了其作为安全通信和防止不断发展的数字攻击的强大解决方案的潜力。

{"title":"Hybrid deep learning model for network intrusion detection using optimal feature fusion","authors":"Harish M.S , Lokesh S , Sakthivel P , Akshaya B","doi":"10.1016/j.asej.2025.103904","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.asej.2025.103904","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Recent Intrusion Detection (ID) networks face difficulties in handling the enlarging volume of network traffic and adapting to emerging cyber threats. Handling data traffic and addressing data imbalance are key requirements for identifying recent cyber threats. This paper proposes a novel hybrid ID system designed to mitigate data imbalance issues. The proposed methodology uses advanced deep learning techniques and optimized characteristic fusion models, making it suitable for high-traffic environments. This research conducts a comprehensive experimental study on five standard ID datasets, focusing on network traffic and system behavior data, which are crucial for detecting potential intrusions. In the deep feature extraction phase, multiple features are considered, including statistical information, T-SNE features, and high-level deep learning features. T-SNE features capture similarities between data points, helping preserve the most important features. For feature fusion, optimal weights are identified using the proposed RCMPA. The fused feature set, created from these optimized weights, improves that a more appropriate and discriminative characteristics are utilized for training. A system then employs a “Multi-scale Dilated Deep Hybrid Network with Attention Mechanism” (MDDHN-AM) for intrusion diagnosis. This developed model integrates TCNN and RNN to detain both temporal and spatial dependencies. TCNN processes sequential information to identify temporal patterns, while RNN captures the dynamic nature of network traffic. The attention mechanism prioritizes the most significant features, enabling more accurate intrusion detection. At last, the presentation of MDDHN-AM was compared to traditional and state-of-the-art intrusion detection methods across multiple metrics. The developed model achieved 96.43% detection accuracy and 97.38% precision, illustrating its efficiency in handling diverse digital attacks and data imbalance. An improved performance over traditional methods highlights its potential as a robust solution for secure communication and protection against evolving digital attacks.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48648,"journal":{"name":"Ain Shams Engineering Journal","volume":"17 1","pages":"Article 103904"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2025-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145736133","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Selection of recycling model and investment strategy from economic and environmental perspectives 从经济和环境的角度选择回收模式和投资策略

IF 5.9 2区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Ain Shams Engineering Journal

Pub Date : 2025-12-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.asej.2025.103900

Hong Cheng , Zihan Hao , Xiangruike Li , Shupeng Huang

The waste material recycling generates environmental and economic benefits to industry and society, incentivizing companies to invest in recycling convenience service for recycling volume expansion. However, as multiple stakeholders and influencing factors are involved in recycling operations, it is difficult for recycling model selection and convenience service investment. To address it, this study models three recycling models using game theory based on practices: (1) settled model, (2) self-built model, and (3) dual-channel model. The equilibrium solutions of three models are solved, demonstrating that customers’ preference for the platform significantly influences recyclers’ investment strategies in convenience services. By integrating consumers’ preference for platform and recycling convenience service investments and by considering both positive and negative impacts of the recycling activities on the environment for three models, this study advances scholarship in waste recovery systems. The findings can support the design of economical and sustainable recycling policies for practitioners.

废弃物的回收利用为行业和社会带来了环境效益和经济效益，激励企业投资于回收便利服务，以扩大回收量。然而，由于回收运营涉及多个利益相关者和影响因素，因此回收模式选择和便利性服务投资存在困难。为解决这一问题，本研究基于实践运用博弈论建立了三种回收模型：(1)落户模型、(2)自建模型和(3)双渠道模型。对三种模型的均衡解进行了求解，表明消费者对平台的偏好显著影响回收商在便利服务方面的投资策略。通过整合消费者对平台和回收便利服务投资的偏好，并考虑三种模型中回收活动对环境的正面和负面影响，本研究推进了垃圾回收系统的研究。研究结果可以为从业者设计经济和可持续的回收政策提供支持。

{"title":"Selection of recycling model and investment strategy from economic and environmental perspectives","authors":"Hong Cheng , Zihan Hao , Xiangruike Li , Shupeng Huang","doi":"10.1016/j.asej.2025.103900","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.asej.2025.103900","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The waste material recycling generates environmental and economic benefits to industry and society, incentivizingcompanies to invest in recycling convenience service for recycling volume expansion. However, as multiple stakeholders and influencing factors are involved in recycling operations, it is difficult for recycling model selection and convenience service investment. To address it, this study models three recycling models using game theory based on practices: (1) settled model, (2) self-built model, and (3) dual-channel model. The equilibrium solutions of three models are solved, demonstrating that customers’ preference for the platform significantly influences recyclers’ investment strategies in convenience services. By integrating consumers’ preference for platform and recycling convenience service investments and by considering both positive and negative impacts of the recycling activities on the environment for three models, this study advances scholarship in waste recovery systems. The findings can support the design of economical and sustainable recycling policies for practitioners.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48648,"journal":{"name":"Ain Shams Engineering Journal","volume":"17 1","pages":"Article 103900"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2025-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145736130","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0