Ain Shams Engineering Journal最新文献

{"title":"Combined acoustic emission and electrochemical methods for analyzing the uniform corrosion behavior of X90 high-grade steel pipelines","authors":"Haisheng Bi ,&nbsp;Jiaxu Miao ,&nbsp;Chunxun Ma ,&nbsp;Chen Zhang ,&nbsp;Yuhong Zhang ,&nbsp;Yangyang Zhou ,&nbsp;Huiyao Li ,&nbsp;Haoran Cheng","doi":"10.1016/j.asej.2024.103195","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.asej.2024.103195","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Long-distance, large-diameter, and high-pressure pipelines represent the future of oil and gas pipeline construction. X90 pipeline steel is expected to become the standard steel due to its high transmission efficiency and lower cost in the future, yet corrosion poses the most significant challenge to the development of high-strength pipelines. This study focuses on monitoring the uniform corrosion process of X90 steels using acoustic emission (AE) and electrochemical testing systems. The AE signals from corrosion were processed using wavelet de-noising, decomposition, and reconstruction to extract signal characteristics. Experimental results reveal that the corrosion process of X90 steel can be categorized into three stages: initial metal dissolution, corrosion product accumulation, and corrosion stabilization. Signal activity and strength follow normal distributions throughout these stages. During metal dissolution and corrosion stabilization, AE signals exhibit a frequency range of 100–200 kHz with relatively low amplitude. Conversely, during corrosion product accumulation, signals display a narrow frequency range with higher amplitudes, typically around 3 × 10^-4V. Moreover, the appearance of a double-peak signal suggests the presence of two distinct AE sources.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48648,"journal":{"name":"Ain Shams Engineering Journal","volume":"16 1","pages":"Article 103195"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143175695","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Advancements in eco-friendly lead-free perovskite/Sb2Se3 tandem solar cells: TCAD simulations","authors":"Tarek I. Alanazi ,&nbsp;Ahmed Shaker ,&nbsp;Dalia Selim ,&nbsp;Mohamed Okil","doi":"10.1016/j.asej.2024.103202","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.asej.2024.103202","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In light of the urgent need for sustainable energy solutions, this research addresses the critical environmental concerns of traditional lead-based perovskite materials. This paper explores advancements in an eco-friendly tandem solar cell (TSC) that incorporates both lead-free wide bandgap perovskite and narrow bandgap antimony selenide (Sb₂Se₃), focusing on optimization strategies utilizing TCAD numerical simulations. The study begins with the calibration of experimental standalone solar cells based on wide bandgap lead-free perovskite (1.62 eV) with a <em>p-i-n</em> heterostructure and narrow bandgap Sb₂Se₃ (1.2 eV) with an <em>n-i-p</em> configuration. The research then transitions to evaluating the lead-free perovskite/Sb₂Se₃ system in a four-terminal (4-T) tandem, followed by optimization of the top cell to an <em>n-i-p</em> heterostructure for compatibility with a two-terminal (2-T) structure. Key optimization areas include replacing the organic hole transport layer (HTL) with other inorganic candidates, conduction band offsets (CBOs), and absorber thicknesses. Through these optimizations, the 2-T tandem design achieves a significant improvement, with a simulated <em>PCE</em> reaching 30.96 %. Numerical simulations using TCAD tools are employed to predict performance and guide experimental modifications. This research integrates material science and advanced TCAD simulations to optimize TSC performance with a focus on eco-friendly materials for environmental sustainability.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48648,"journal":{"name":"Ain Shams Engineering Journal","volume":"16 1","pages":"Article 103202"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143173944","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Quantitative structure property relationship study of postpartum depression medications using topological indices and regression models","authors":"Gayathri K. B,&nbsp;S. Roy","doi":"10.1016/j.asej.2024.103194","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.asej.2024.103194","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Postpartum depression (PPD) is a significant mental health condition experienced by the majority of women after childbirth. Understanding the underlying molecular properties of various medications used to treat PPD is essential in contributing to the efficacy of drug discovery and development. In this study, we aim to analyze the quantitative structural property relationships (QSPR) of PPD medications using topological indices and regression models. For a certain set of PPD medications, the topological indices are calculated. Through regression models, relationships between the calculated topological indices and pharmacological properties of the PPD medications are established. The results showcase significant correlations between certain topological indices and pharmacological properties. These discoveries offer insightful information about the molecular characteristics that support these medications' effectiveness. Drug discovery and development activities can be accelerated using the developed QSPR models to forecast the possible productiveness of novel PPD treatment candidates. Additionally, this research advances our knowledge of the molecular basis of PPD treatment and could help develop more focused and efficient therapeutic approaches. The legitimacy of the recently authorized medication Zurzuvae, which treats postpartum depression, is also verified here.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48648,"journal":{"name":"Ain Shams Engineering Journal","volume":"16 1","pages":"Article 103194"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143173948","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of lecture hall’s background noise on undergraduates’ higher order thinking skills: A field study","authors":"Nada Atef,&nbsp;Yasser Mansour,&nbsp;Hanan Sabry","doi":"10.1016/j.asej.2024.103238","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.asej.2024.103238","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Mastering higher-order thinking skills in Higher Education Institutions has become a must for undergraduates to cope with the continuously changing world and the vast globalization around them. Acoustics is recognized as a vital indoor environmental quality aspect having a significant impact over the learning performance of students inside learning spaces whether classrooms or large lecture halls. The quality of education of an institution is measured by its learning efficiency. Noise is a main parameter of classroom acoustics, it is considered a primary cause of annoyance, disturbance, and stress among students of all ages. A considerable number of studies have examined the impact of background noise on school students’ learning efficiency; thus, assessing lower order thinking skills. The majority of research studies have examined the same impact on university students, however, most of the studies using task tests as an assessment approach only assess reading, writing, math, and memory tests. This research is a field study aimed at evaluating the impact of lecture hall background noise over undergraduates’ higher-order thinking skills. The study has assessed three higher-order thinking skills including critical thinking, analytical thinking, and creative thinking under three different acoustic conditions representing the quiet, comfortable, and noisy lecture hall. Higher-order thinking skills were assessed by applying standard assessment scales. The study was conducted in a uniform lecture hall inside the architecture department building at the Faculty of Engineering, Ain Shams University in Egypt with a total sample of 90 architecture students. The results have revealed that no significant interaction effect was found between background noise and gender while low background noise had a statistically significant effect on the creative thinking scores compared to the moderate and high background noise levels.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48648,"journal":{"name":"Ain Shams Engineering Journal","volume":"16 1","pages":"Article 103238"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143174842","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fluid-structure interaction analysis and density-based topology optimization of single pad externally adjustable fluid film bearing operating in high-speed application","authors":"Harishkumar Kamat ,&nbsp;Chandrakant R. Kini ,&nbsp;B. Satish Shenoy","doi":"10.1016/j.asej.2024.103203","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.asej.2024.103203","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Topology optimization has emerged as a promising technique to make the machines/machine components lightweight without compromising performance. This article investigates topology optimization of single pad externally adjustable fluid bearing operating in the high-speed application with two-way fluid–structure interaction (FSI) findings. The use of circular profile bearing in modern high-speed turbomachinery is limited due to hydrodynamic instability. Hence, advancements in the field of non-circular bearings, such as single-pad externally adjustable bearings, can be utilized to overcome this challenge. One-way FSI and two-way FSI analyses are performed initially on these as single-pad externally adjustable bearing working at various rotor speeds at a high eccentricity ratio. Further, using the results of two-way FSI, a density-based topology optimization (TO) technique is applied using ANSYS workbench software. TO results showed that the weight of the pad bearing can be reduced to 38.14%, which helps the bearing manufacturers to accurately predict optimum material distribution within the design space.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48648,"journal":{"name":"Ain Shams Engineering Journal","volume":"16 1","pages":"Article 103203"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143175374","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The role of sodium-nickel chloride (Na-NiCl2) batteries in managing uncertainty and renewable sources for empowering hybrid energy systems using bi-level CONOPT-based optimization","authors":"Abdallah Aldosary","doi":"10.1016/j.asej.2024.103174","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.asej.2024.103174","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In the realm of integrated energy systems, the allocation of energy storage capacity stands as a critical challenge. Renewable energy resources (RERs), with their inherent variability and intermittency, pose a threat to grid stability and reliability. Effective management of energy storage resources becomes imperative to counteract the impacts of this volatility, a task contingent upon various factors including the storage technology’s type and function. This paper introduces a novel bi-level methodology aimed at determining the optimal allocation of storage capacity across a hybrid energy network to improve its overall performance. The methodology leverages the CONOPT approach within the GAMS platform, which integrates sequential linear and quadratic programming algorithms with reduced gradients to address complex nonlinear optimization issues characterized by sparse and nonlinear constraints. The proposed approach takes into consideration uncertainties associated with RER generation, electrical load, and market prices. Fuzzy C-means clustering is used to generate uncertain scenarios for the output-generated power of the uncertain parameters and then employed to cluster their normally distributed scenarios into fewer representative scenarios. By incorporating these stochastic factors, the methodology aims to identify the most effective way to distribute storage resources to smooth out the variability of renewables-based power. As power systems increasingly rely on variable RERs, the integration of energy storage emerges as crucial for enhancing system stability, resilience, and reliability. This study provides a robust framework to assist in decision-making concerning storage investments and deployment strategies. Through a comparative analysis of three prominent energy storage systems—specifically pumped hydro storage (PHS), sodium-sulfur (NaS), and sodium-nickel chloride (Na-NiCl₂)—using comprehensive data, distinct characteristics and trade-offs among these technologies are revealed, offering valuable insights for stakeholders.<!--> <!-->The results indicate that PHS achieves moderate savings, ranging from 2.12% to 4.68%. In comparison, NaS systems exhibit savings percentages between 3.93% and 4.39%. In contrast, Na-NiCl₂ demonstrates notably higher savings percentages, from 5.64% to 5.82%. These findings suggest that Na-NiCl₂ stands out as a more economically efficient option, offering enhanced savings potential.<!--> <!-->To validate the effectiveness of the proposed solution, this paper employs the GAMS platform and juxtaposes its outcomes with those attained through alternative optimization techniques. GAMS showed superior performance compared to other optimization techniques.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48648,"journal":{"name":"Ain Shams Engineering Journal","volume":"16 1","pages":"Article 103174"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143175678","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Spatio-temporal pattern formation mechanism of an epidemic-like information propagation model with diffusion behavior","authors":"Yuxuan Pan ,&nbsp;Shuling Shen ,&nbsp;Linhe Zhu","doi":"10.1016/j.asej.2024.103244","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.asej.2024.103244","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In order to effectively warn against and control the spread of online rumors, it is essential to research the dynamic process of rumor propagation. This paper presents a reaction-diffusion rumor propagation model with a time delay. We analyze the sufficient conditions for the existence of rumor propagation equilibrium points on continuous and complex networks, as well as the conditions for generating Turing bifurcation due to diffusion. Additionally, we derive the amplitude equation of the model to identify the parameter values corresponding to various pattern types. We validate the derivation of the amplitude equation through a series of numerical simulations, providing a robust method for accurately determining the state of rumor propagation. Our study investigates the effect of cross-diffusion coefficients on rumor propagation on the continuous space and finds that these coefficients suppress rumor propagation. Consequently, fostering connections among the public can enhance the dissemination of accurate information and mitigate rumor diffusion. Furthermore, we assess the impact of network node quantity on rumor dissemination on complex networks. Although the number of nodes does not directly influence rumor propagation, a higher node count facilitates a more precise evaluation of rumor propagation status. There is undoubtedly that this is conducive to controlling rumors for managers.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48648,"journal":{"name":"Ain Shams Engineering Journal","volume":"16 1","pages":"Article 103244"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143173946","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Improvements in the design of brine diffusers in shallow waters: A numerical study applied to the Canary Islands","authors":"Adrián Gil Trujillo,&nbsp;J. Jaime Sadhwani Alonso","doi":"10.1016/j.asej.2024.103225","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.asej.2024.103225","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The desalination of seawater is a critical process for ensuring a dependable source of potable water, particularly in arid regions such as the Canary Islands. However, the disposal of brine presents considerable environmental and economic challenges. This study presents a comprehensive numerical analysis of brine diffuser design in shallow waters, with a particular focus on desalination plants in the Canary Islands. The Brine-Jet model is employed in order to evaluate the effects of key design variables, including nozzle height, discharge velocity and inclination angle, under a variety of velocity scenarios. This study presents a comprehensive analysis that, for the first time, identifies the critical importance of high nozzle height as a variable, particularly in low discharge rate scenarios. The findings of this study illustrate that even in shallow waters, elevated diffusers can confer significant benefits. Furthermore, a graphical design tool was developed to facilitate the clear visualisation of optimal diffuser configurations based on critical parameters such as dilution and plume height. The tool provides practical guidelines for improving diffuser designs, thereby ensuring more effective mitigation of the environmental impacts of brine discharge in coastal areas. Furthermore, the results emphasise the necessity for adaptable infrastructure to accommodate seasonal variations in water demand and increasingly stringent environmental regulations. This research offers a solution for optimising brine disposal, thus contributing to the development of sustainable and efficient desalination outfalls in similar marine environments.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48648,"journal":{"name":"Ain Shams Engineering Journal","volume":"16 1","pages":"Article 103225"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143174375","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhancing collapse performance of vulnerable RC frames through steel Bracing: A FEMA P695 methodology study","authors":"Ali Sadeghpour ,&nbsp;Giray Ozay","doi":"10.1016/j.asej.2024.103208","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.asej.2024.103208","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Seismic assessments and statistical modeling of desired building responses have gained prominence in research. The FEMA P695 methodology facilitates evaluating structural safety based on collapse probabilities. An investigation into the performance of RC buildings designed according to the previous Iranian seismic code (Standard No. 2800–99) reveals a susceptibility to significant damage in far-field earthquakes. This study examines 1-, 3-, and 6-story RC frames, introducing concentric steel braces in various configurations as a cost-effective reinforcement method. Sixty archetypes undergo comprehensive analysis, including 15,800 nonlinear dynamic analyses to calculate collapse probabilities under total uncertainties. Insights into retrofitting vulnerable archetypes and seismic design parameters are obtained, leading to practical solutions and enhanced safety for old-designed building structures in seismic events.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48648,"journal":{"name":"Ain Shams Engineering Journal","volume":"16 1","pages":"Article 103208"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143174376","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Discrimination of high impedance fault in microgrid power network using semi-supervised machine learning algorithm","authors":"Arangarajan Vinayagam ,&nbsp;S.T. Suganthi ,&nbsp;C.B. Venkatramanan ,&nbsp;Ayoob Alateeq ,&nbsp;Abdullah Alassaf ,&nbsp;Nur Fadilah Ab Aziz ,&nbsp;Mohd Helmi Mansor ,&nbsp;Saad Mekhilef","doi":"10.1016/j.asej.2024.103187","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.asej.2024.103187","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This work proposes a semi-supervised classification approach for discriminating high-impedance (HI) faults and other transients in a photovoltaic (PV) interconnected microgrid (MG) network. The suggested classifier combines unsupervised K-means clustering with the supervised multi-layer perceptron neural network algorithm. The K-means clustering technique is utilized in the first phase to detect and remove irrelevant instances from multiple events in the data set. To obtain the final predictions of targeted labels, clustered cases from the first phase are utilized to learn the multi-layer perceptron neural network classifier in the next phase. The suggested method outperforms stand-alone classifiers (K-means clustering and multi-layer perceptron) by providing enhanced accuracy and success rate of discriminating HI fault under standard test conditions and weather intermittency of PV. Furthermore, the results of the performance study clearly show that the suggested model is more resilient and offers superior performance than the stand-alone classifiers under the standard test condition and uncertainty of PV in MG networks.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48648,"journal":{"name":"Ain Shams Engineering Journal","volume":"16 1","pages":"Article 103187"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143174417","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}