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REFRACTION OF THE IDEA OF IMAGINARY SPACES AND SUPRA-INDIVIDUAL MYTHS OF P.A. FLORENSKY IN THE WORKS OF THE WRITERS AT THE TURN OF THE 20TH CENTURY 在20世纪之交作家作品中折射出p.a.弗洛伦斯基的想象空间思想和超个人神话
Pub Date : 2023-09-23 DOI: 10.55959/msu-2074-1588-19-26-1-13
I.L. ANASTASYEVA
Despite the fact that the main ideas of P.A. Florensky were formulated more than a hundred years ago, they remain relevant to this day. Their great influence on his contemporary writers is therefore obvious. Among those, we are primarily interested in writers such as D.S. Merezhkovsky, whose work is largely congruent with the religious tenets of the philosopher, and M.A. Bulgakov, who dedicated his “cherished novel” to Yeshua Ha-Notsri, but was not considered a religious writer either in the 30s of the 20th century, or today. It is known that the two pillars of Pavel Florensky’s work were religion and mathematics, but he wasn’t the pioneer of the idea of a scientific approach to the study of the foundations of Christianity; even Nicholas of Cusa, a cardinal of the Roman Catholic Church, a theologian and mathematician of the 15th century, was sure that it was possible to learn to understand the grand design with the help of the exact sciences. The report attempts to reveal the manifestation (consonance) of the ideas formulated by P.A. Florensky in his books “Imaginaries in Geometry” and “Iconostasis” in the works of D. Merezhkovsky and M. Bulgakov.
尽管帕·a·弗洛伦斯基的主要思想是在一百多年前形成的,但它们至今仍具有相关性。因此,他们对他同时代作家的巨大影响是显而易见的。在这些作家中,我们最感兴趣的是d·s·梅列日科夫斯基(D.S. Merezhkovsky)和m·a·布尔加科夫(M.A. Bulgakov)等作家,他们的作品在很大程度上符合这位哲学家的宗教信条,而布尔加科夫把他的“珍贵小说”献给了耶稣·哈·诺茨里(Yeshua Ha-Notsri),但无论是在20世纪30年代还是今天,他都不被认为是一位宗教作家。众所周知,帕维尔·弗洛伦斯基的两大支柱是宗教和数学,但他并不是用科学方法研究基督教基础的先驱者;就连罗马天主教红衣主教、15世纪的神学家和数学家库萨的尼古拉斯(Nicholas of Cusa)也确信,在精确科学的帮助下,有可能学会理解宏伟的设计。本报告试图揭示P.A.弗洛伦斯基在其著作《几何中的想象》和《圣像学》中所阐述的思想在梅列日科夫斯基和布尔加科夫的作品中的表现(一致性)。
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引用次数: 0
METHODOLOGICAL PRINCIPLES AND STRATEGIES OF THE TEXT-BOOK “ENGLISH FOR NATURAL SCIENCES (A2-B1)” IN THE SYSTEM OF PREPARING STUDENTS FOR THE FINAL EXAM IN A FOREIGN LANGUAGE 《自然科学英语(a2-b1)》教材在外语备考体系中的方法论原则与策略
Pub Date : 2023-09-23 DOI: 10.55959/msu-2074-1588-19-26-1-11
O.A. EGOROVA
The article analyzes the methodological approaches and strategies of the textbook “English for natural sciences (A2-B1)” in the system of preparing bachelors for the certification exam in a foreign language at level B2. The rationale for the structure of the manual and the logic of selecting textual material is given, the principles for developing training tasks and exercises are concretized. The author concludes the relevance of systematic and consistent training of bachelors to fulfill the complex task of improving the level of English language proficiency raising it to the upper-intermediate level (B2) in all types of speech activity, as well as mastering professional vocabulary and scientific discourse skills on specialized topics. Thus, it is required to strictly adhere to the verified logical structure of the manual, to increase the interest and motivation of students for self-education, to calculate the time to complete various types of tasks, to have modern technical equipment, and also to conduct regular testing.
本文分析了《自然科学英语(A2-B1)》教材在学士B2级外语认证考试准备体系中的方法方法和策略。给出了手册结构的基本原理和选择教材的逻辑,具体说明了制定训练任务和练习的原则。本文认为,系统的、持续的对大学生进行培训,对于提高大学生的英语语言水平,使其在各类言语活动中达到中上水平(B2),掌握专业词汇和科学的专题话语技巧,是一项复杂的任务。因此,要求严格遵守手册中经过验证的逻辑结构,增加学生自学的兴趣和动力,计算完成各类任务的时间,拥有现代化的技术设备,并定期进行测试。
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引用次数: 0
SPATIAL ARCHETYPES IN THE ARTISTIC WORLD OF V.E. SAVKIN AND YU.D. DEEV v.e. savkin和你的艺术世界中的空间原型。DEEV
Pub Date : 2023-09-23 DOI: 10.55959/msu-2074-1588-19-26-1-12
I.V. MOKLETSOVA, A.I. KASHKOVA
The language of naive painting, like verbal, is a universal communicative system, which gives reason to use a diachronic approach to explore its content arising from the depths of human nature. Being a combination of historical experience and psychological energy, the archetype becomes a symbolic unit of the analysis of naive paintings. The universality of the archetype is manifested in its ability to be realized in different time contexts, which makes it a very attractive subject of research in the works of naive artists of the second half of the XX century. Repeated reference to the archetype of the “ideal city” accelerates its adaptation to new cultural realities, becoming a method of interaction of a self-taught artist with the world. The relevance of the research is related to the interest in the implementation of the utopian project of the city within the framework of modern art space. The scientific novelty lies in the fact that for the first time the archetype of the ideal city will be considered in the works of naive painting by artists V.E. Sakiyan and Yu.D. Deev. The research is aimed at studying the diachronic aspect of the creative interpretation of the «ideal city» archetype in the images of Russian artistic culture.
素朴绘画的语言和语言一样,是一种普遍的交流系统,这就有理由用历时性的方法来探索其发自人性深处的内容。作为历史经验和心理能量的结合,原型成为分析天真绘画的象征单位。原型的普遍性表现在它能够在不同的时间背景下实现,这使得它成为20世纪下半叶天真艺术家作品中一个非常有吸引力的研究课题。对“理想城市”原型的重复引用加速了其对新文化现实的适应,成为自学成才的艺术家与世界互动的一种方法。研究的相关性与在现代艺术空间框架内实施城市乌托邦项目的兴趣有关。科学的新奇之处在于,理想城市的原型将首次在艺术家V.E. Sakiyan和Yu.D.的天真绘画作品中被考虑。Deev。本研究旨在研究俄罗斯艺术文化形象中对“理想城市”原型的创造性解释的历时性方面。
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引用次数: 0
EXTERNAL SANDHI IN THE FRENCH SPEECH STREAM: THEORY AND PRACTICE OF ENCHAîNEMENT AND LIAISON DESCRIPTION 法语语流中的外部变调:连接描述的理论与实践
Pub Date : 2023-09-23 DOI: 10.55959/msu-2074-1588-19-2023-2-01-03
G.I. BUBNOVA
There are two opposing tendencies in the French speech stream. As a vocal-type language with a dominant open syllable and the absence of lexical stress, French creates sequences of two vowel sounds (gaping/l’hiatus) on the border of words in speech. Phonetic processes such as coupling (enchaînement) and binding (liaison) are used to remove this coarticulatively unfavorable context at the word junction. It is obvious that the implementation of coupling and binding at the border of words in the speech stream creates a diffuse acoustic marking of the external sandhi: words merge into a continuous physical signal. How do speakers create this co-articulatory cohesion of sounds in the speech stream? How do listeners manage to recognize in a continuous stream separate words that enter into certain syntactic and semantic relationships with each other? The article considers the external sandhi from the point of view of its articulatory, acoustic, auditory and cognitive processing.
在法语语言流中有两种相反的趋势。作为一种以开口音节为主、没有重音的发声型语言,法语在单词的边界上创造了两个元音(gaping/l’hiatus)的序列。诸如耦合(enchaement)和结合(liaison)等语音过程用于消除单词连接处这种协同发音不利的上下文。很明显,在语音流中单词的边界处实现耦合和绑定会产生外部变调的漫射声学标记:单词合并成连续的物理信号。说话者是如何在语音流中创造这种发音衔接的?听众如何在连续的信息流中识别出彼此之间有特定句法和语义关系的单独单词呢?本文从发音加工、声学加工、听觉加工和认知加工等方面对外接变调进行了研究。
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引用次数: 0
THE PROPER NAME MEANING STRUCTURE: INFORMATION VARIATIONS 专有名称含义结构:信息变异
Pub Date : 2023-09-23 DOI: 10.55959/msu-2074-1588-19-26-1-7
V.V. ROBUSTOVA
This article is devoted to the study of the structure of the extralinguistic meaning of a proper name, the layers of information that it includes and the circumstances for their actualization. Onym possesses both linguistic and non-linguistic aspects of meaning, which makes possible the development and dynamics of information represented by the non-linguistic component of meaning. In its structure, archetypal, mythological, religious, scientific, historical, geographical, sociocultural, literary and aesthetic types of information are distinguished, the actualization of which depends both on the context of the use of a proper name and on the background knowledge of the recipient. The existence of several information layers in the structure of the meaning of the onym is analyzed from the standpoint of the theory of spiral development of the meaning of the proper name. The cumulative function of onomastic units and their ability to act as components of cultural memory, representative of the cultural and historical heritage is emphasized. The analysis of the functioning of proper names in a popular science text is illustrated with the examples from the work of Lynne Truss “Eats, Shoots & Leaves”. The interpretive potential of onyms is analyzed, the specifics of dynamics of certain information is singled out in the structure of the meaning of a name in order to achieve the goal of communication both from the point of view of transmitting a certain message, and from the point of view of the expressiveness of the use of linguistic material, which is underlined with the help of the ironic function as realized in it.
本文研究了专名的语外意义的结构、所包含的信息层次及其实现的环境。意名同时具有语言和非语言两方面的意义,这使得意的非语言成分所代表的信息的发展和动态成为可能。在其结构中,原型、神话、宗教、科学、历史、地理、社会文化、文学和美学类型的信息被区分开来,这些信息的实现既取决于使用专有名称的语境,也取决于接受者的背景知识。从专名意义螺旋发展理论的角度分析了专名意义结构中存在的若干信息层。强调了onomastic units的累积功能及其作为文化记忆组成部分的能力,代表了文化和历史遗产。本文以林恩·特拉斯(Lynne Truss)的作品《吃、拍、拍》(Eats, Shoots &叶子”。分析了名字的解释潜力,在名字的意义结构中挑选出某些信息的动态细节,从传递某种信息的角度和语言材料使用的表达性角度来达到交际的目的,并借助它所实现的讽刺功能来强调这一点。
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引用次数: 1
CONFORMISM AND NONCONFORMISM IN THE SOCIOCULTURAL SPACE OF GREAT BRITAIN IN THE SECOND HALF OF THE 19TH AND EARLY 20TH CENTURIES (A CASE STUDY OF “THE FORSYTE SAGA” BY J. GALSWORTHY) 19世纪下半叶和20世纪初英国社会文化空间中的墨守成规与不墨守成规(以高尔斯华绥的《福尔赛特传奇》为例)
Pub Date : 2023-09-23 DOI: 10.55959/msu-2074-1588-19-26-1-15
Anna S. LABUNOVA
The sociocultural space of the UK, in the late 19th and early 20th centuries, was in a state of flux. During the time, the norms and values of two different epochs were in sharp conflict, bringing to light such phenomena as conformism and nonconformism. In “The Forsyte Saga”, John Galsworthy masterfully described the interaction between people from different social classes and their different mindsets. Strict compliance with acceptable norms and values, in the case of “The Forsyte Saga”, is what conformism refers to. Nonconformism refers to the struggle for freedom, love and happiness. It was a revolution against the ethos of the Forsytes, an ethos based on cold calculations and a need for profit. Based on the analysis of this phenomenon, the dynamics of the development of society can be traced. The Victorian era faded into the past. The Forsytes, the embodiment of the passing era, were the representatives of a society in which there was nothing more important than an impeccable reputation and a stable income. The new era belonged to those who put family, art and beauty above money and public opinion. Their aim was to determine the basis of a new sociocultural space.
19世纪末和20世纪初,英国的社会文化空间处于不断变化的状态。在这一时期,两个不同时代的规范和价值观发生了尖锐的冲突,出现了因循守旧和不因循守旧的现象。在《福尔赛传奇》中,约翰·高尔斯华绥巧妙地描述了不同社会阶层的人们之间的互动以及他们不同的心态。严格遵守可接受的规范和价值观,在“福尔赛的传奇”的情况下,是墨守成规所指的。不墨守成规是指为自由、爱和幸福而奋斗。这是一场反对福尔赛家族精神的革命,这种精神是基于冷酷的计算和对利润的需求。通过对这一现象的分析,可以追溯社会发展的动态。维多利亚时代已成为过去。福尔赛一家是逝去时代的化身,他们代表了一个社会,在这个社会里,没有什么比无可挑剔的声誉和稳定的收入更重要。新时代属于那些把家庭、艺术和美置于金钱和舆论之上的人。他们的目的是确定一个新的社会文化空间的基础。
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引用次数: 0
THE ROLE AND PLACE OF FOREIGN LANGUAGES IN RUSSIAN CULTURE 外语在俄罗斯文化中的作用和地位
Pub Date : 2023-09-23 DOI: 10.55959/msu-2074-1588-19-2023-2-01-06
Anna V. PAVLOVSKAYA
Foreign languages have always occupied a prominent place in Russia and the Russian culture. The paper states that despite being seemingly isolated from the outside world, Russia has always been closely connected with it, and not only by trade and political relations, but also by spirit and culture. The research contributes to the discussion of the role of foreign languages in Russian culture and reviews the development of foreign languages teaching system in Russia. Adoption of Christianity was the first significant reason for the spread of foreign languages in the society that brought not only a new religion, but also the Greek language along with the theological books. Over time, more and more foreign languages began to spread in the society, sometimes even entering into a conflict with one another: Latin with Greek (in the theological field), German with French (in the sphere of politics), French with English (in the literary field). In certain historical periods (for example, in the first half of the 19th century), foreign languages even displaced the Russian language in some social strata. The contribution underlines the importance of analysing such historical periods with special reference to interconnection between language as a means of communication and national identity. The investigation also argues that at times, for example, like in Soviet times, foreign languages acquired the status of the ‘dead’ languages and became an exclusive tribute to the tradition and a means of reading. In conclusion, the paper declares that foreign languages have always retained their important role, opening up new horizons for the Russian people and connecting them with the outside world.
外语在俄罗斯和俄罗斯文化中一直占有重要地位。文章指出,尽管俄罗斯看起来与外界隔绝,但它一直与外界紧密相连,不仅是贸易和政治关系,而且是精神和文化。该研究有助于探讨外语在俄罗斯文化中的作用,并对俄罗斯外语教学体系的发展进行回顾。基督教的接受是外语在社会中传播的第一个重要原因,它不仅带来了一种新的宗教,还带来了希腊语和神学书籍。随着时间的推移,越来越多的外语开始在社会中传播,有时甚至会相互冲突:拉丁语与希腊语(在神学领域),德语与法语(在政治领域),法语与英语(在文学领域)。在某些历史时期(例如19世纪上半叶),外语甚至在某些社会阶层取代了俄语。这篇文章强调了分析这些历史时期的重要性,特别提到了作为交流手段的语言与民族特性之间的相互联系。调查还认为,有时,例如在苏联时期,外语获得了“死亡”语言的地位,成为对传统的独家致敬和一种阅读方式。最后,本文认为外语一直保持着重要的作用,为俄罗斯人民开辟了新的视野,并将他们与外部世界联系起来。
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引用次数: 0
ON THE ONTOLOGICAL PROPERTIES OF AUDIOVISUAL TEXTS 论视听文本的本体论属性
Pub Date : 2023-09-23 DOI: 10.55959/msu-2074-1588-19-26-1-6
Andrei Yu. KALININ
The article focuses on epistemological issues of studying audiovisual texts. Audiovisual text is considered as a type of semiotically heterogeneous messages intended for visual and auditory perception. Moreover, audiovisual texts containing a verbal component, which can be presented both in aural (auditory) and graphic (visual) forms, can serve as a subject of linguistic inquiry. The study reveals a high degree of variability in the terminological nomination of the investigated object, which is common in Russian studies of texts of a semiotically syncretic nature. Starting from the analysis of the origin and denotative load of terms proposed at different periods in Russian and international literature to describe semiotically heterogeneous artifacts, as well as observations of the structure and functioning of audiovisual content of various types, formats and genres, some characteristics that can be considered as ontological properties of audiovisual texts were identified. Such properties might include polymodality, multichannel and polycode nature and, in some cases, multimedia as well. An informational and semiotic matrix of the archetypal audiovisual text is suggested, based on the concepts of sensory (perceptual) modalities, information conveying channels and the code nature of components interplaying in the meaning-making within audiovisual works.
本文主要探讨视听文本研究的认识论问题。视听文本被认为是一种用于视觉和听觉感知的符号学异构信息。此外,含有语言成分的视听文本可以以听觉(听觉)和图形(视觉)形式呈现,可以作为语言研究的主题。该研究揭示了在被调查对象的术语命名方面的高度可变性,这在俄语研究符号学综合性质的文本中很常见。从分析俄罗斯和国际文献中不同时期提出的用于描述符号学异质人工制品的术语的来源和外延负荷,以及对不同类型、格式和体裁的视听内容的结构和功能的观察出发,确定了视听文本的一些本体论特征。这些属性可能包括多模态、多通道和多码性质,在某些情况下还包括多媒体。基于感觉(知觉)模式、信息传递渠道和音像作品中相互作用的成分的编码性质,提出了原型音像文本的信息和符号学矩阵。
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引用次数: 0
ON COGNITIVE MODELS OF VIRTUAL SPACE AND REAL SPACE IN MULTICULTURAL FICTION 论多元文化小说中虚拟空间与现实空间的认知模式
Pub Date : 2023-09-23 DOI: 10.55959/msu-2074-1588-19-26-1-8
S.S. GRETSKAYA
The present paper focuses on the cognitive modelling of literary text space. The aim of the research was to conduct a comparative study of the cognitive proxemic models of the subconcepts “virtual space” and “real space”, as represented in the multicultural novel «Walking in Two Worlds» by W. Kinew. In accordance with E.A. Ogneva’s research, a cognitive model of literary text space is defined as a construct which demonstrates the correlation between various constituents of the nominative field of the literary concept “space”, which is perceived and comprehended by the reader. The term “proxeme” is used to denote a word or a word combination that is semantically related to parameters of space. The article presents data on the quantitative relation between the types of thematic proxemic models which comprise the nominative field of the literary subconcepts “virtual space” and “real space”, namely, models of personalised anthropocentrically marked literary text space, models of non-personalised anthropocentrically marked literary text space, as well as those of non-personalised anthropocentrically unmarked literary text space. For each of the abovementioned categories of proxemic models the most common types of proxemes are identified. In addition to this, the representation of dynamic literary text space and the spatial axes is examined. The results obtained highlight the qualitative differences between the significance of the virtual literary text space and the real literary text space, as conceived by the author of the novel. Despite the fact that the characters perceive real life as less salient and important than their performance in the virtual space, the real literary text space turns out to be more intense in terms of human activity than the virtual literary text space and, therefore, not less meaningful, whereas the virtual text space is represented as an environment conducive to creativity alongside revival and/or preservation of traditional culture.
本文主要研究文学文本空间的认知建模。本研究的目的是对W. Kinew的多元文化小说《行走在两个世界》中所代表的子概念“虚拟空间”和“真实空间”的认知邻近模型进行比较研究。根据E.A. Ogneva的研究,文学文本空间的认知模型被定义为一种结构,它展示了文学概念“空间”的主谓场的各个组成部分之间的相互关系,并被读者感知和理解。“近义词”一词用于表示与空间参数在语义上相关的单词或单词组合。本文提供了构成文学子概念“虚拟空间”和“现实空间”的主谓场的主题邻近模型类型之间的数量关系数据,即个性化的人类中心标记的文学文本空间模型、非个性化的人类中心标记的文学文本空间模型以及非个性化的人类中心无标记的文学文本空间模型。对于上述每一类邻域模型,确定了最常见的邻域类型。除此之外,动态文学文本空间和空间轴的表示进行了检查。所获得的结果突出了小说作者所设想的虚拟文学文本空间与真实文学文本空间意义的质的差异。尽管角色认为现实生活不如他们在虚拟空间中的表现突出和重要,但事实证明,就人类活动而言,真实的文学文本空间比虚拟文学文本空间更加强烈,因此,意义并不亚于虚拟文本空间,而虚拟文本空间则表现为有利于创造力以及复兴和/或保护传统文化的环境。
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引用次数: 0
ADDRESSER AS A FACTOR DETERMINING THE CHOICE OF COMMUNICATION STRATEGIES IN CONTEMPORARY POPULAR SCIENCE LEGAL DISCOURSE 在当代科普法律话语中,说话人是决定传播策略选择的因素
Pub Date : 2023-09-23 DOI: 10.55959/msu-2074-1588-19-2023-2-01-12
YU.O. SOLOVYEVA
Science popularization is undergoing significant transformations, including changes among popularizers themselves, which leads to the diversification of communication strategies and a shift in functional potential. The article deals with the strategies employed by the journalist author in the text of a book on law as a genre of popular science legal discourse. Two key popularization strategies that contribute to the implementation of the author's communicative intention, and enable the agent not only to activate background knowledge of the target recipient, but also influence their axiological attitudes are analyzed and described. The right choice of popularization strategies makes special information accessible to the recipient and directly affects the effectiveness of the perception of a popular science text. The informative-explanatory strategy is used by the popularizer to interpret key legal concepts. The strategy of manipulative influence enables the agent to influence the target recipient by presenting special information from a certain angle. The conclusion is drawn that a contemporary popular science book on law does not only contribute to the public legal education but also shapes a reader's ideology.
科学普及正经历着重大的变革,包括普及人群自身的变化,导致传播策略的多样化和功能潜能的转移。本文探讨了记者作者在作为科普法律话语体裁的法律书文本中所采用的策略。本文分析和描述了两种关键的普及策略,它们有助于实现作者的交际意图,并使代理人不仅激活目标接受者的背景知识,而且影响其价值论态度。科普策略的正确选择,使受众能够获得特定的信息,直接影响科普文本感知的效果。普及者使用信息解释策略来解释关键的法律概念。操纵性影响策略是指agent通过从一定角度呈现特定的信息来影响目标接受者。本文的结论是,当代法律科普书籍不仅有助于公众的法律教育,而且有助于塑造读者的思想形态。
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引用次数: 0
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Moscow University Bulletin Series 19 Linguistics and Intercultural Communication
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