In the period since 2010 successive UK Governments have produced various decarbonisation strategies for industry. This article scrutinises the most recent version that was published in March 2021: the Industrial Decarbonisation Strategy (IDS). It contrasts the policy content of the IDS with previous industrial roadmaps, action plans and strategies (including the Clean Growth Strategy of 2017). In addition, it compares the proposals in the IDS with the latest recommendations of the UK Government's independent Climate Change Committee, as well as drawing on lessons learned from the techno-economic assessments published by the author and his collaborators for a number of key ‘Foundation Industries’. The latter emit significant shares of UK industrial carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions: the iron and steel (∼25%), chemicals (∼19%), cement (∼8%), pulp and paper (∼6%), and glass (∼3%) sectors. They also produce some 28 million tonnes of materials per year, which are worth £52 billion to the UK economy, and account for ∼10% of UK total CO2 emissions.
{"title":"The UK Industrial Decarbonisation Strategy Revisited","authors":"G. P. Hammond","doi":"10.1680/jener.21.00056","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1680/jener.21.00056","url":null,"abstract":"In the period since 2010 successive UK Governments have produced various decarbonisation strategies for industry. This article scrutinises the most recent version that was published in March 2021: the Industrial Decarbonisation Strategy (IDS). It contrasts the policy content of the IDS with previous industrial roadmaps, action plans and strategies (including the Clean Growth Strategy of 2017). In addition, it compares the proposals in the IDS with the latest recommendations of the UK Government's independent Climate Change Committee, as well as drawing on lessons learned from the techno-economic assessments published by the author and his collaborators for a number of key ‘Foundation Industries’. The latter emit significant shares of UK industrial carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions: the iron and steel (∼25%), chemicals (∼19%), cement (∼8%), pulp and paper (∼6%), and glass (∼3%) sectors. They also produce some 28 million tonnes of materials per year, which are worth £52 billion to the UK economy, and account for ∼10% of UK total CO2 emissions.","PeriodicalId":48776,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers-Energy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2021-12-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73931935","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Wind Energy is occupying more and more space of the energy mix in most of the world. In this work, the challenges for distributed projects in communities and industrial areas are presented for Egypt and a comparison with the mass wind onshore and offshore deployment is unavoidable. In Egypt, there are plans to installed large-scale projects, but the development pace is slow. Furthermore, while the Egypt wind atlas provides ample information to properly plan and deploy wind farms, developers of distributed wind would probably have never analysed small scale sites, which may lead them to make mistakes while siting, and thus a project may end up losing money. Two use cases were selected for analysis: industrial & offshore sites and community/residential sites. It was revealed via a detailed spatial analysis that there are abundant wind resources and potential in high wind – high gain selected areas of almost 40 GW of onshore and offshore wind projects that could make Egypt a unique energy hub between Africa, Europe and the Middle East.
{"title":"Mass Wind Deployment in Egypt: The Transformative Energy Hub among three continents","authors":"Dina ElMaamoun, G. Xydis","doi":"10.1680/jener.21.00059","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1680/jener.21.00059","url":null,"abstract":"Wind Energy is occupying more and more space of the energy mix in most of the world. In this work, the challenges for distributed projects in communities and industrial areas are presented for Egypt and a comparison with the mass wind onshore and offshore deployment is unavoidable. In Egypt, there are plans to installed large-scale projects, but the development pace is slow. Furthermore, while the Egypt wind atlas provides ample information to properly plan and deploy wind farms, developers of distributed wind would probably have never analysed small scale sites, which may lead them to make mistakes while siting, and thus a project may end up losing money. Two use cases were selected for analysis: industrial & offshore sites and community/residential sites. It was revealed via a detailed spatial analysis that there are abundant wind resources and potential in high wind – high gain selected areas of almost 40 GW of onshore and offshore wind projects that could make Egypt a unique energy hub between Africa, Europe and the Middle East.","PeriodicalId":48776,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers-Energy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2021-12-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85585878","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The development of a monitored district heating piping system has allowed the study of axial displacement variations in a buried pipeline. This piping system includes four instrumented sections of piping within an in use district heating network. There are also different conditions under testing such as thickness of expansion cushions, temperature ranges and bedding soil types. The pipe axial displacements were on-line monitored by means of extensometers in six positions along each of the four sections of the pipeline. Measured maximum pipe axial displacements were 24 and 25 mm in the corners of the 41 m long monitored pipelines, while estimated values were 23 mm using current recommendation procedures and 27 mm using calibrated commercial computer programs. One temperature unloading-reloading caused displacements to not return to the same values as before, but around 3 mm smaller. Therefore, several unloading-reloading temperature cycles may affect the pipe deformation behaviour in the short and long term.
{"title":"Analysis of pipe axial displacements from a monitored pipeline connected to an operating district heating network","authors":"S. Hay, I. Weidlich, I. Wolf, F. Villalobos","doi":"10.1680/jener.21.00100","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1680/jener.21.00100","url":null,"abstract":"The development of a monitored district heating piping system has allowed the study of axial displacement variations in a buried pipeline. This piping system includes four instrumented sections of piping within an in use district heating network. There are also different conditions under testing such as thickness of expansion cushions, temperature ranges and bedding soil types. The pipe axial displacements were on-line monitored by means of extensometers in six positions along each of the four sections of the pipeline. Measured maximum pipe axial displacements were 24 and 25 mm in the corners of the 41 m long monitored pipelines, while estimated values were 23 mm using current recommendation procedures and 27 mm using calibrated commercial computer programs. One temperature unloading-reloading caused displacements to not return to the same values as before, but around 3 mm smaller. Therefore, several unloading-reloading temperature cycles may affect the pipe deformation behaviour in the short and long term.","PeriodicalId":48776,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers-Energy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2021-11-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91373790","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A Deep Borehole Disposal Solution for the UK's High-Level Radioactive Waste","authors":"F. Gibb, A. Beswick","doi":"10.1680/jener.21.00015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1680/jener.21.00015","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":48776,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers-Energy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2021-11-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82928952","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yafu Zhou, Qichao Dong, Linhui Li, Jiangang Ma, Weidong Wan, J. Lian
At present, in order to alleviate environmental problems and energy crises, fuel cells are gradually being used in rail transit vehicle (RTV) drive systems. However, in the existing fuel cell drive systems, DC/DC converters are widely used, but there are serious shortcomings in terms of cost, efficiency and market application. To solve these problems, a novel dual-source drive system is innovatively presented in this study. In the dual-source drive system, the multi-mode operating state of the dual source motor was taken into consideration, and based on the independent vector control method (IVCM), the dual-source drive system was modelled and simulated to achieve the motor independent control between power output and power generation as well as the energy exchange between fuel cell and secondary power battery under any working conditions. In order to verify the effectiveness of the proposed dual source drive system, the electric drive performance test was carried out by the dual source system experimental verification platform. The result of this drive system topology is further improved compared with the same level of DC/DC drive system configuration used for this purpose.
{"title":"A novel fuel cell drive system for rail transit vehicles based on dual-source motors","authors":"Yafu Zhou, Qichao Dong, Linhui Li, Jiangang Ma, Weidong Wan, J. Lian","doi":"10.1680/jener.21.00041","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1680/jener.21.00041","url":null,"abstract":"At present, in order to alleviate environmental problems and energy crises, fuel cells are gradually being used in rail transit vehicle (RTV) drive systems. However, in the existing fuel cell drive systems, DC/DC converters are widely used, but there are serious shortcomings in terms of cost, efficiency and market application. To solve these problems, a novel dual-source drive system is innovatively presented in this study. In the dual-source drive system, the multi-mode operating state of the dual source motor was taken into consideration, and based on the independent vector control method (IVCM), the dual-source drive system was modelled and simulated to achieve the motor independent control between power output and power generation as well as the energy exchange between fuel cell and secondary power battery under any working conditions. In order to verify the effectiveness of the proposed dual source drive system, the electric drive performance test was carried out by the dual source system experimental verification platform. The result of this drive system topology is further improved compared with the same level of DC/DC drive system configuration used for this purpose.","PeriodicalId":48776,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers-Energy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2021-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77236814","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Bo Zhang, Yong-gang Lin, Wenting Chen, Hang Liu, Wei Li, Yong Sun, Di Zhang
{"title":"A novel rotor effective wind speed estimation method for LiDAR application: An experimental case study","authors":"Bo Zhang, Yong-gang Lin, Wenting Chen, Hang Liu, Wei Li, Yong Sun, Di Zhang","doi":"10.1680/jener.21.00086","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1680/jener.21.00086","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":48776,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers-Energy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2021-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86083431","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yonghui Li, Chen Wang, J. B. Yap, Heng Li, Hao Jiang
Pitch roof modification from flat roof transforms the flat roofs of multi-story buildings into the pitch roofs to improve the building function and landscape effect provided that the building struc...
平屋顶改坡屋顶是将多层建筑的平屋顶改造成坡屋顶，在保证建筑结构的前提下，提高建筑的功能和景观效果。
{"title":"Energy Efficient Design Protocol for Sustainable Pitch Roof Modification from Flat Roof","authors":"Yonghui Li, Chen Wang, J. B. Yap, Heng Li, Hao Jiang","doi":"10.1680/jener.21.00075","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1680/jener.21.00075","url":null,"abstract":"Pitch roof modification from flat roof transforms the flat roofs of multi-story buildings into the pitch roofs to improve the building function and landscape effect provided that the building struc...","PeriodicalId":48776,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers-Energy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2021-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78238790","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Prediction of vehicle emissions based on totally asymmetric simple exclusion process model","authors":"Song Xiao, Xiaoyu Chen, Yanna Liu","doi":"10.1680/jener.20.00026","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1680/jener.20.00026","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":48776,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers-Energy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2021-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83954949","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-02-01DOI: 10.1680/jener.2021.174.1.46
{"title":"Energy: Referees 2020","authors":"","doi":"10.1680/jener.2021.174.1.46","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1680/jener.2021.174.1.46","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":48776,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers-Energy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2021-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79530787","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A large interdisciplinary consortium of engineers, social scientists and policy analysts has developed three low-emissions, more-electric transition pathways for the UK. The approach is based on ea...
{"title":"Socio-technical transitions in UK electricity: part 1 – history, actors and pathways","authors":"T. Foxon, G. Hammond, P. Pearson","doi":"10.1680/jener.19.00051","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1680/jener.19.00051","url":null,"abstract":"A large interdisciplinary consortium of engineers, social scientists and policy analysts has developed three low-emissions, more-electric transition pathways for the UK. The approach is based on ea...","PeriodicalId":48776,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers-Energy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2020-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85104850","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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