Contact Lens & Anterior Eye最新文献

{"title":"Effect of publication bias on the evidence supporting the use of myopia control interventions","authors":"Giulia Carlotta Rizzo ,&nbsp;Lorenza Scotti ,&nbsp;Alberto Recchioni ,&nbsp;Erika Ponzini ,&nbsp;Fabrizio Zeri ,&nbsp;Silvia Tavazzi ,&nbsp;Jonathan Denniss ,&nbsp;Riccardo Cheloni","doi":"10.1016/j.clae.2025.102463","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.clae.2025.102463","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>Publication bias exists when studies with negative results are less likely to be published, resulting in over-estimation of treatment efficacy. This study aimed to assess the impact of publication bias on current evidence supporting myopia control interventions.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A systematic literature search was conducted to retrieve systematic-reviews (SRs) and <em>meta</em><span>-analyses (MAs) assessing myopia control interventions. From eligible SRs &amp; MAs randomised controlled trials<span> (RCTs) evaluating myopia control treatments (spectacle-based, contact lenses (CL), pharmacological) were included. Outcomes were mean changes in axial-length and refractive error. Pooled estimates of efficacy were computed with random effects </span></span><em>meta</em><span>-analysis. Publication bias was evaluated with funnel plots and Egger’s test.</span></div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>This study included 27 SRs and MAs, reporting on 49 eligible RCTs. Considering axial length outcomes, there were 41 RCTs, assessing CL (n = 16, 39 %), spectacles (n = 13, 31.7 %), and pharmacological treatments (n = 12, 29.3 %). Egger’s test was significant only for pharmacological treatments (p = 0.045), but trim and fill analysis indicated that that treatment efficacy was not over-estimated. Of 46 RCTs considering refractive error outcomes, 13 (28.3 %), 14 (30.4 %), and 19 (41.3 %) examined CL, pharmacological and spectacle treatments, respectively. Egger’s test showed significant asymmetry only for CL (p = 0.006), but there was not over-estimate of treatment efficacy. Among specific treatments, only atropine (refractive outcomes) and multifocal CL (axial length and refractive outcomes) had sufficient RCTs for analysis, and all Egger’s test were not significant (all p &gt; 0.05).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>This study did not find evidence of publication bias affecting the current literature supporting myopia control treatments, suggesting that the effect of different interventions is unlikely to be overestimated.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49087,"journal":{"name":"Contact Lens & Anterior Eye","volume":"48 6","pages":"Article 102463"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144337175","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring the potential for microbial transfer from exhaled breath to the ocular surface: a comparative analysis of respiratory and ocular microbiota","authors":"Marwan Majzoub ,&nbsp;Torsten Thomas ,&nbsp;Mark Willcox ,&nbsp;Minas Coroneo ,&nbsp;Jerome Ozkan","doi":"10.1016/j.clae.2025.102581","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.clae.2025.102581","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>Respiratory microbes typically enter the body via the nose and mouth, but transmission through the ocular surface-nasolacrimal duct route remains poorly understood. This study investigated the microbiota of exhaled breath, conjunctiva, and anterior nares in healthy individuals to assess the potential for microbial transfer from exhalations to the ocular surface.</div></div><div><h3>Design</h3><div>Cross-sectional, single-center observational study.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Exhalation, conjunctival, and nasal samples were collected from 20 participants. Exhaled breath samples were obtained by having participants read a standardized script for three minutes in front of a sterile agar plate positioned 15 cm from the mouth. Sterile phosphate-buffered saline was applied to the agar surface and a sterile cell scraper was used to collect the sample. Conjunctival and nasal samples were collected using sterile flocked swabs. All samples were stored at − 80 °C. Microbial DNA was extracted, followed by PCR amplification and paired-end 16S rRNA gene sequencing on the Illumina MiSeq platform.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The cohort included 20 participants (8 female, 12 male; mean age 41.9 ± 9.2 years). Significant differences were found in microbial richness (P &lt; 0.0001), evenness (P &lt; 0.01), and bacterial community structure (P &lt; 0.001) across sites. While 9 % of amplicon sequencing variants (ASVs) were shared across all sites, only 1 % were shared between exhalations and the conjunctiva. The anterior nares shared more ASVs with both the conjunctiva (8 %) and exhalations (20 %).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Minimal microbial overlap between exhaled breath and the conjunctiva suggests that in healthy adults, under specific low-intensity conditions tested, direct transmission to the ocular surface appears minimal.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49087,"journal":{"name":"Contact Lens & Anterior Eye","volume":"49 1","pages":"Article 102581"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-11-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145624492","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Higher order aberrations and visual outcomes of scleral lenses for ocular surface disease","authors":"Manju Balakrishnan ,&nbsp;Asif Iqbal ,&nbsp;Geetha Iyer ,&nbsp;Bhaskar Srinivasan ,&nbsp;Ronit Dutta ,&nbsp;Vigneshwar A. Goppalakrishnan ,&nbsp;Stephen J Vincent","doi":"10.1016/j.clae.2025.102570","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.clae.2025.102570","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>To evaluate the impact of scleral lenses on higher-order aberrations (HOAs), visual function, and symptomatology in eyes with ocular surface disease (OSD).</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Nineteen eyes with OSD were fitted with scleral lenses. Corrected distance visual acuity (CDVA), contrast sensitivity (CS), and HOAs were measured at baseline prior to scleral lens (SL) wear, immediately after application (Day 1), and after one month of lens wear. An i-Trace aberrometer was used to measure HOAs over a 4.5 mm pupil diameter and subjective symptoms were evaluated using the Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI) questionnaire.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Significant improvements in CDVA and CS (both p &lt; 0.001) were observed following scleral lens application on Day 1, and CDVA continued to improve up to 1 month with an additional gain of 0.1 logMAR (p = 0.03). Significant reductions in HOAs were observed between baseline and the Day 1 SL measurement for: RMS HOA 1.56 to 0.20 µm (p &lt; 0.001), coma 0.71 to 0.12 µm (p &lt; 0.001), secondary astigmatism 0.17 to 0.06 µm (p &lt; 0.05), and trefoil 0.50 to 0.11 µm (p &lt; 0.001). Spherical aberration showed a modest but statistically significant reduction from baseline 0.16 µm to 0.03 µm by 1 month (p = 0.03). No significant differences were observed between the initial and 1-month SL visits for any aberration parameter (p &gt; 0.05). OSDI scores improved significantly from 47 ± 19 to 17 ± 9 (p &lt; 0.001), indicating notable symptom relief.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Scleral lenses significantly improved visual function and reduced HOAs in eyes with OSD, while also offering sustained symptomatic relief. These findings support the dual optical and therapeutic role of scleral lenses in the management of OSD.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49087,"journal":{"name":"Contact Lens & Anterior Eye","volume":"49 1","pages":"Article 102570"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-11-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145624491","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Scleral lens landing zone toricity and tear exchange","authors":"Asif Iqbal ,&nbsp;Damien Fisher ,&nbsp;David Alonso-Caneiro ,&nbsp;Michael J Collins ,&nbsp;Stephen J Vincent","doi":"10.1016/j.clae.2025.102571","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.clae.2025.102571","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>To quantify the effect of landing zone toricity on tear exchange during short-term scleral lens wear using a profilometry based method.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Nine healthy participants wore scleral lenses (KATT™, Capricornia) with a spherical and 150 μm toric landing zone in a randomised order on separate days, with other lens parameters held constant. Following the instillation of 10 µl of 2 % sodium fluorescein, Eye Surface Profiler images were captured over 100 min of lens wear. A second dose of 10 µl of 2 % sodium fluorescein was instilled after 90 min of lens wear. Fluorescence intensity data were extracted and analysed over central (5 mm diameter, coincident with the centre of the horizontal visible iris diameter [HVID]) and peripheral regions (1 mm annulus, with the HVID as the outer border).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Fluorescence intensity varied throughout lens wear, with the toric lens design displaying greater fluorescence intensity than the spherical design at 0, 60, and 100 min (all p &lt; 0.05), when averaged across both regions. The ingress of sodium fluorescein was evident with the toric lens design in both central and peripheral regions during the first 30 min of wear, followed by a gradual decline, while the spherical design stabilised after 5–10 min. The toric lens design displayed tear exchange following the reapplication of sodium fluorescein after 90 min of lens wear, while the spherical design did not.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Scleral lenses with a toric landing zone facilitated greater central and peripheral tear exchange than a spherical lens design. Alterations to the scleral landing zone which enhance tear exchange may have clinical implications for reducing peripheral corneal oedema during lens wear.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49087,"journal":{"name":"Contact Lens & Anterior Eye","volume":"49 1","pages":"Article 102571"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-11-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145624490","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tear molecule concentrations as potential biomarkers of digital eye strain","authors":"Beatriz Redondo ,&nbsp;Paula M. Lara-Vázquez ,&nbsp;Jesús Vera ,&nbsp;Mark Rosenfield","doi":"10.1016/j.clae.2025.102572","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.clae.2025.102572","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>The objective of this study was to investigate differences in tear inflammatory molecules after digital and paper-based reading, examine the influence of cognitive load and explore their relationship with digital eye strain (DES) symptoms.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Twenty-four young adults completed four 30-minute reading tasks, each varying in cognitive demands (high vs. low) and reading media (digital vs. paper). After each task, unstimulated tear samples were collected and analyzed using multiplex bead assays to quantify the concentrations of 12 tear molecules. Participants also completed a questionnaire to assess visual symptomatology.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Reading from a digital screen significantly increased tear concentrations of IL-1α (<em>P</em> = 0.02), IL-6 (<em>P</em> = 0.03), IL-8 (<em>P</em> = 0.004), TGF-α (<em>P</em> = 0.02), and TNF-β (<em>P</em> = 0.01) compared to reading printed text. High cognitive load was also associated with elevated IL-8 (<em>P</em> = 0.002) and TNF-β (<em>P</em> = 0.02) levels. Participants reported higher visual discomfort when using digital screens, with higher cognitive demand exacerbating these symptoms. Correlation analyses revealed moderate positive relationships between the changes induced by the display type on IL-1α and DES symptoms (<em>P</em> = 0.02), and between IL and 6 (P = 0.02), TGF-α (P = 0.04) and TNF-β (P = 0.05) with cognitive load-induced discomfort. A subgroup analysis based on dry eye symptomatology revealed that individuals with fewer symptoms exhibited higher cytokine concentrations for IL-1α (<em>P</em> = 0.05) and TGF-α (<em>P</em> = 0.02).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Tear biomarkers could serve as objective tools for evaluating DES, offering a deeper understanding of the physiological mechanisms involved in the condition.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49087,"journal":{"name":"Contact Lens & Anterior Eye","volume":"49 1","pages":"Article 102572"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-11-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145606989","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Incidence of keratoconus following allergic conjunctivitis: a multicenter retrospective cohort study using a U.S. healthcare network database","authors":"Nathan Lishinsky-Fischer ,&nbsp;Nir Erdinest ,&nbsp;Ortal Buhbut ,&nbsp;Zvi Gur","doi":"10.1016/j.clae.2025.102569","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.clae.2025.102569","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To evaluate the risk of keratoconus and related corneal complications in patients with allergic conjunctivitis, using a large, multicenter real-world dataset.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A retrospective cohort study was conducted utilizing the TriNetX US Collaborative Network. Patients aged 5–25 years with allergic conjunctivitis were matched to patients with non-allergic conjunctivitis using 1:1 propensity score matching. The primary outcome was incident keratoconus. Secondary outcomes included corneal topography, advanced corneal diagnostic procedures (e.g., pachymetry and scanning computerized ophthalmic imaging), keratoconus-specific contact lens fitting, corneal cross-linking, keratoplasty, recurrent corneal erosion, and acute corneal hydrops. Survival analysis was performed using Kaplan-Meier curves and Cox proportional hazards models.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>After matching, 174,443 patients were included in each cohort. Allergic conjunctivitis was associated with a significantly increased risk of keratoconus (HR 1.6; 95 % CI, 1.18–2.18; p = 0.0024), with 118 patients developing the condition versus 62 in the control group. Corneal erosion was significantly associated with allergic conjunctivitis as well with HR of 1.87 (95 % CI 1.05–3.34; p = 0.0305). Corneal topography and advanced corneal diagnostic procedures were also more frequent in the allergic group with HRs of 1.94 (95 % CI 1.58–2.38; p &lt; 0.0001) and 2.05 (95 % CI 1.74–2.4; p &lt; 0.0001), respectively.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Allergic conjunctivitis is associated with an elevated risk of keratoconus and an increased need for corneal diagnostic evaluation in children and young adults. These findings support the implementation of enhanced screening and proactive allergy management in this population.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49087,"journal":{"name":"Contact Lens & Anterior Eye","volume":"49 1","pages":"Article 102569"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-11-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145551720","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical impact of varying the molecular weight of hyaluronic acid in artificial tears – A randomised controlled crossover trial","authors":"David A. Semp,&nbsp;Debarun Dutta,&nbsp;James S. Wolffsohn","doi":"10.1016/j.clae.2025.102568","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.clae.2025.102568","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>To assess the impact of molecular weight of hyaluronic acid, of the same concentration, in artificial tears.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A size exclusion high-performance liquid chromatography system with ultraviolet detection was used to measure hyaluronic acid content and establish a relative molecular weight, based on standardised hyaluronic acid samples. The rheology of HydraMed®, Evolve® and Hylo-Forte® eye drops, which all report containing 0.2 % hyaluronic acid as the principal constituent, was assessed at shear rates of relevance to blink conditions in-vitro, using a research rheometer fitted with a 60 mm aluminium flat plate measuring system at 31 °C.</div><div>Twenty-five participants (aged 23.6 ± 9.2 years) meeting the TFOS DEWS II criteria for a diagnosis of dry eye disease were randomised to receive one double-masked application of each drop, on separate days. Dry eye symptom severity, non-invasive breakup time, tear meniscus height and ocular redness were assessed at baseline and 5, 15, 30, 45, 60 and 90 min after application.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Rheology demonstrated Hylo-Forte (2.5 M Da, 0.16 % hyaluronic acid) had a more non-linear (non-Newtonian) relationship between viscosity and sheer force (r² = 0.295) compared to HydraMed (0.8 M Da, 0.26 % hyaluronic acid; r² = 0.485) and Evolve (1.3 M Da, 0.24 % hyaluronic acid; r² = 0.521). Dry eye symptoms rapidly reduced and tear stability improved with drop instillation and the effect slowly declined with time (p &lt; 0.001), with all drops following a similar profile (p &gt; 0.05). Hylo-Forte demonstrated the greatest reduction in dry eye symptoms and sustained improvement in tear stability. Tear meniscus height increased with drop instillation and then declined with time (F = 18.643, p &lt; 0.001), with Evolve having a reduced initial effect compared to HydraMed and Hylo-Forte (F = 4.045, p &lt; 0.001). Average bulbar redness was low (0.63 ± 0.44 Efron grade) and did not change with drop application (F = 1.721, p = 0.120).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Artificial tear formulation impacts its rheology, leading to differences in clinical effectiveness, even from a single application. Higher molecular weight hyaluronic acid in Hylo-Forte demonstrated more non-Newtonian behaviour, which is more aligned with the rheology of the natural tear film.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49087,"journal":{"name":"Contact Lens & Anterior Eye","volume":"49 1","pages":"Article 102568"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145529268","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence and factors associated with keratoconus among high school students in Trinidad and Tobago: A cross-sectional population-based study","authors":"Ngozika Esther Ezinne ,&nbsp;Michael Agyemang Kwarteng ,&nbsp;Shinead Phagoo ,&nbsp;Ameera Roopnarinesingh ,&nbsp;Khathutshelo Percy Mashige ,&nbsp;Uchechukwu Levi Osuagwu","doi":"10.1016/j.clae.2025.102567","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.clae.2025.102567","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>This study aimed to determine the prevalence of keratoconus (KC) among high school students in Trinidad and Tobago (T&amp;T) and identify associated factors.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This cross-sectional study was conducted using multi-stratified random sampling. Data on family history, eye rubbing, demographics, and clinical measures (visual acuity, autokeratorefraction, retinoscopy, corneal topography, optical coherence tomography (OCT), and slit-lamp biomicroscopy) were analysed. KC diagnosis was based on clinical signs, topographic and Optical coherence tomography (OCT) findings, and slit-lamp indicators.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A total of 2,084 students participated (mean age±SD = 14.0 ± 1.60 years; 58.9 % female). The prevalence of KC was 2.88 % (95 % CI: 2.22–3.69 %). Most cases of KC were stage 1 (78.3 %), and only 3.3 % were previously diagnosed. KC was more common among males (53.3 %), people of East Indian descent (56.7 %), and those residing in the urban areas (36.7 %). Multivariable analysis adjusting for potential covariates revealed that family history of KC (OR 2.56, 95 % CI: 1.11–5.93), rural residency (OR = 2.82, 95 % CI: 1.50–5.31) and grade level (higher odds for Form 1 students OR = 12.34, 95 % CI: 1.64–93.07) were significantly associated with higher odds of KC whereas female sex (OR = 0.56, 95 % CI: 0.33–0.94) was associated with a lower odd of KC.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The study found that about 3 % of high school students, mostly males, those with an East Indian background and people with a positive family history in T&amp;T had KC. These findings highlight the need for early targeted screening for at-risk individuals and population-based studies to further explore risk factors and inform preventive strategies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49087,"journal":{"name":"Contact Lens & Anterior Eye","volume":"49 1","pages":"Article 102567"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145529269","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The change of regional relative peripheral refraction after orthokeratology and its correlation with corneal reshaping parameters","authors":"Anken Wang ,&nbsp;Li Shen ,&nbsp;Wansheng Zang ,&nbsp;Xiaoli Xu ,&nbsp;Chenhao Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.clae.2025.102565","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.clae.2025.102565","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>To assess relative peripheral refraction (RPR) regionally before and after orthokeratology (OK) using the Refraction Topographer (RT) and analyze the relationship between changes in RPR and corneal reshaping parameters.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This is a prospective, non-randomized, controlled study. Subjects chose either OK or single-vision spectacles (SVS) based on preference and were assigned to the OK or SVS group. Regional RPR was measured at baseline (pre-wearing) and 2 months later (post-wearing) in both groups. The increased curvature of high convex zone compared to the treatment zone (ICH) was calculated to quantify the prominence of high convex zone.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Forty-one subjects (mean age: 9.93 ± 1.66) were enrolled in the OK group and 20 (mean age: 10.10 ± 1.62) in the SVS group. Only right eyes were included when myopia was bilateral. At baseline, there were no significant differences in age, gender, refractive error or axial length between groups. After 2 months, no significant changes in RPR in any region were found in the SVS group. The OK group showed significant myopic shift in RPR in regions between 15° and 30° visual field (−0.35 ± 0.35D), 30° and 45° (−0.96 ± 0.84D), 45° and 53° (−1.68 ± 1.41D), temporal quadrant (−1.47 ± 1.14D), inferior quadrant (−1.39 ± 1.22D), and superior quadrant (−0.57 ± 0.89D) (all <em>p</em> &lt; 0.05). The shift was more pronounced towards the periphery (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.001) and in the temporal and inferior quadrants (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.01). Additionally, the change in RPR across the whole detection field was significantly correlated with baseline Spherical Equivalent Refractive (r = 0.47, <em>p</em> = 0.002) and ICH (r = -0.51, <em>p</em> = 0.001).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>After OK, relative peripheral myopic defocus significantly increased in all regions between 15° and 53° visual field, except the nasal quadrant. The increase was more pronounced in the periphery and in the temporal and inferior quadrants. Additionally, as the degree of myopia increased, the high convex zone became more prominent, leading to a greater increase in relative peripheral myopic defocus.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49087,"journal":{"name":"Contact Lens & Anterior Eye","volume":"49 1","pages":"Article 102565"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145529270","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identification and quantification of Perfluoroalkyl and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFAS) in myopia control soft contact lenses","authors":"Lei Siew ,&nbsp;Julia E Jaeger ,&nbsp;Bryan Wilson ,&nbsp;Dean Johnstone ,&nbsp;Jonathan Angell ,&nbsp;Robert Symons ,&nbsp;Blanche Xiao Hong Lim ,&nbsp;Fiona Stapleton ,&nbsp;Jodhbir Singh Mehta ,&nbsp;Chris Hong Long Lim","doi":"10.1016/j.clae.2025.102566","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.clae.2025.102566","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":49087,"journal":{"name":"Contact Lens & Anterior Eye","volume":"49 1","pages":"Article 102566"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145493017","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}