Contact Lens & Anterior Eye最新文献

{"title":"Characterizing power profiles of a concentric ring multifocal contact lens for myopia management: a novel approach","authors":"Annabelle J. Mawhinney ,&nbsp;Phillip J. Buckhurst ,&nbsp;Craig McNeile ,&nbsp;Stephen D. Hall ,&nbsp;Hetal D. Buckhurst","doi":"10.1016/j.clae.2025.102454","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.clae.2025.102454","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study presents a systematic method for characterizing power profiles of concentric ring multifocal contact lenses (MFCL), specifically the MiSight® lens used in myopia management, and evaluates the potential of Multivariate Adaptive Regression Spline (MARS) modelling to extrapolate profiles across a full dioptric range.</div><div>Power profiles of eleven MiSight® lenses (−0.25D, then −1.00D to −10.00D in 1.00D steps) were measured using the NIMOevo® system. MiSight® lenses comprise four concentric zones, with zones 2 and 4 providing additional plus power. Centre thickness (CT) was measured using an immersive spectral-domain Optical Coherence Tomographer. Zonal boundaries were determined as asymptotes of a four-parameter sigmoidal function fitted to junctions between zones, average power within each zone was calculated between these boundaries.</div><div>MARS was trained on the measured power profiles and used to generate theoretical power profiles for intermediate powers. These were validated against independently measured lenses with matching labelled powers (−1.50D, −3.50D and −6.50D).</div><div>The proposed method identified consistent zonal boundaries across labelled powers, with minor power-dependent variations. CT correlated significantly with labelled power (r = 0.78). Zone 2 addition powers were consistent, while zone 4 demonstrated a decreasing trend with increasing negative power. The MARS accurately modeled boundary locations and addition powers.</div><div>This framework offers a systematic approach for analyzing zonal MFCL power profiles, addressing the method for determining zonal boundaries. Additional plus power provided by MiSight® lenses varies across the two zones, with a pronounced effect of reducing addition power in zone 4. MARS modelling allowed extrapolation of power profiles and warrants further investigation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49087,"journal":{"name":"Contact Lens & Anterior Eye","volume":"48 6","pages":"Article 102454"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144250488","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Letter to the Editor: is the elimination of keratoconus in our hands?","authors":"Alejandro Tello ,&nbsp;Virgilio Galvis","doi":"10.1016/j.clae.2025.102472","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.clae.2025.102472","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":49087,"journal":{"name":"Contact Lens & Anterior Eye","volume":"48 6","pages":"Article 102472"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144545762","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Improving multifocal contact lens fitting by replicating their fitting guides using the SimVis Gekko visual simulator","authors":"Eduardo Esteban-Ibañez ,&nbsp;Ainhoa Molina-Martín ,&nbsp;Elena Martínez-Plaza ,&nbsp;Carlos Dorronsoro ,&nbsp;Enrique Gambra ,&nbsp;David P. Piñero","doi":"10.1016/j.clae.2025.102468","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.clae.2025.102468","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>To evaluate the feasibility of implementing fitting guides for multifocal contact lenses (MCLs) using the SimVis Gekko visual simulator and, through a preliminary assessment with a novel metric (3D-VA, which integrates visual acuity at multiple distances and patient visual needs), determine whether this combined approach can optimise initial MCL selection.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Twenty presbyopic subjects participated in this study using two methods to select on-eye MCLs from 4 manufacturers: (1) using the first step of the fitting guide, according to the patient’s addition need, to provide the MCLs recommended by the manufacturer and, (2) using SimVis Gekko simulations to obtain MCLs providing better 3D-VA, between the first and the first-alternative step of the fitting guides. Clinical measurements and metric calculations (3D-VA, perceptual score module, and direct preference) were conducted to compare the visual performance of the on-eye MCLs<!--> <!-->selected by both methods when differences existed.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>SimVis Gekko selected the same combination of MCLs as the fitting guides in 59 % of the cases. In 28 %, SimVis Gekko chose the alternative step with differences greater than 0.05 in 3D-VA. In these latter cases, the 3D-VAs<!--> <!-->obtained with the on-eye MCLs indicated that SimVis Gekko selections were better in 62 % of cases, equal in 14 %, and worse in 24 %. The perceptual score module showed that SimVis Gekko selections were better in 62 % of cases, equal in 9 %, and worse in 29 %. The direct preference indicated that SimVis Gekko selections were better in 61 % of cases. Clinical measurements revealed that MCLs<!--> <!-->selected by SimVis Gekko had better Near Activity Visual Questionnaire scores<!--> <!-->than the fitting guide selection across<!--> <!-->all manufacturers (p = 0.02), indicating greater comfort and independence for near activities.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>SimVis Gekko can effectively replicate fitting guide steps and, in combination<!--> <!-->with the<!--> <!-->3D-VA metric, has the potential to become a tool that helps practitioners enhance MCL wearer satisfaction. This approach could improve the adoption and visual performance of MCLs among the presbyopic population,<!--> <!-->streamlining the fitting process.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49087,"journal":{"name":"Contact Lens & Anterior Eye","volume":"48 6","pages":"Article 102468"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144318444","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Anti-Demodex activity of castor oil confirmed in an ex vivo study","authors":"Catherine J. Jennings ,&nbsp;Jordan M. Cooper ,&nbsp;Kalika Bandamwar ,&nbsp;Etty Bitton ,&nbsp;Jennifer P. Craig","doi":"10.1016/j.clae.2025.102471","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.clae.2025.102471","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>Periocular castor oil application shows possible benefits in managing <em>Demodex</em> blepharitis based on visibly reduced cylindrical dandruff at the base of the eyelashes, but the antidemodectic mechanism remains unclear. This research sought to establish <em>Demodex</em> mite susceptibility to castor oil directly in a controlled, <em>ex vivo</em> study.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Motile <em>Demodex</em> mites from epilated eyelashes with visible cylindrical dandruff were exposed to 5 µL aliquots of one of four castor oil or tea tree oil-based preparations, or remained unexposed (negative control). Adult <em>Demodex</em> mite motility was confirmed by high magnification microscopy every 5 min for up to 480 min post-exposure and survival time recorded when movement ceased. Tested oils were 100% cold-pressed castor oil, a proprietary castor oil preparation containing identical castor oil combined with manuka and kanuka oils, and 100% and 50% tea tree oil as positive controls.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Survival time in the negative control group exceeded 480 min. All tested oils exhibited shortened mite survival time relative to the negative control (p &lt; 0.05 in all cases). Survival times for 59 mites from 12 participants were plotted for the 5 experimental groups. Undiluted and proprietary castor oil preparations exhibited median (interquartile range; IQR) survival times of 235 (200–285) and 325 (240–405) minutes, respectively, with no significant difference between groups (p &gt; 0.05). A single mite from each castor oil group survived beyond 480 min. Positive controls exhibited median (IQR) survival times of 5 (5–10) mins for 100% tea tree oil and 20 (15–25) mins, for 50% tea tree oil.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Castor oil alone, or in proprietary form supplemented with manuka and kanuka oils, reduced <em>Demodex</em> survival over an 8-hour period. Outcomes suggest extended duration exposure to castor oil, such as in overnight application, has demodecidal activity that could contribute to <em>Demodex</em> blepharitis management.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49087,"journal":{"name":"Contact Lens & Anterior Eye","volume":"48 6","pages":"Article 102471"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144568028","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Randomized contralateral eye study of myopia control between aspheric multifocal soft contact lens and orthokeratology in children","authors":"Ruru Chen ,&nbsp;Tianhui Chen ,&nbsp;Weiwei Lu ,&nbsp;Yue Li ,&nbsp;Jiawei Li ,&nbsp;Tiankun Li ,&nbsp;Hengli Lian ,&nbsp;Siping Chen ,&nbsp;Colm McAlinden ,&nbsp;Xiaoying Wang ,&nbsp;Jinhai Huang","doi":"10.1016/j.clae.2025.102508","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.clae.2025.102508","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>This study aimed to compare myopia progression in children wearing an aspheric multifocal contact lens and an orthokeratology (OrthoK) lens.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A total of 65 participants, aged 9.70 ± 1.31 years, were fitted with an OrthoK lens in one randomly assigned eye and a multifocal soft contact lens in the contralateral eye for the first 6 months (period 1). Following this, contact lens wear was discontinued in both eyes for 1 month, after which the two lens-wearing methods were swapped between eyes and continued for another 6 months (period 2). Axial length (AL), spherical equivalent refraction (SER), central corneal thickness (CCT), and central choroidal thickness (CChT) were measured at the 0-, 6-, 7-, 13-, and 14-month visits. AL and SER were the primary outcome measures.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>For the OrthoK and multifocal soft lens, AL elongation was 0.14 ± 0.11 mm and 0.23 ± 0.12 mm, respectively, after period 1. AL elongation for the OrthoK and multifocal lens was 0.12 ± 0.19 mm and 0.20 ± 0.13 mm, respectively, after period 2. The SER change for the OrthoK and multifocal lens was −0.20 ± 0.27 D and −0.33 ± 0.30 D after period 1 and −0.26 ± 0.40 D and −0.36 ± 0.46 D after period 2, respectively. No significant differences were observed between the two treatment groups (all <em>P</em> &gt; 0.05).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>During the 14-month observation period, no statistically significant differences in myopia progression were found between the aspheric multifocal contact lens and the OrthoK lens. Further longitudinal observation is necessary to characterize the disparities in long-term myopia-control efficacy between the two intervention strategies.</div></div><div><h3>Trial registration</h3><div>ChiCTR, ChiCTR2000041520. Registered 27 December 2020, <span><span>https://www.chictr.org.cn/ChiCTR2000041520</span><svg><path></path></svg></span>. Retrospectively registered.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49087,"journal":{"name":"Contact Lens & Anterior Eye","volume":"48 6","pages":"Article 102508"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145082016","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Low-level light therapy alone versus combination therapy with intense pulsed light in the treatment of dry eye disease with meibomian gland dysfunction: A randomised paired-eye and mechanism of action trial","authors":"Jeremy Chung Bo Chiang ,&nbsp;Viktor Dremin ,&nbsp;David A Semp ,&nbsp;Hiu Yan Lam ,&nbsp;Patrick WK Ting ,&nbsp;Moonisah Ayaz ,&nbsp;James S Wolffsohn","doi":"10.1016/j.clae.2025.102456","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.clae.2025.102456","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>To investigate ocular surface changes following intense pulsed light therapy (IPL) combined with low level light therapy (LLLT) versus LLLT alone for the treatment of meibomian gland dysfunction (MGD) in patients with dry eye disease (DED).</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Twenty-four participants with MGD and DED were recruited into a double-masked, paired-eye clinical trial, with one eye randomised to being treated with combined therapy and the other eye with LLLT alone across 4 treatment sessions, each 2 to 3 weeks apart. Follow-up assessments were also conducted at 2 weeks and then 3 months after the final treatment. Outcome measures included change in DED signs, symptomatology and in-vivo confocal microscopy parameters at final follow-up from baseline. Mechanism of action was explored with laser doppler flowmetry and fluorescence measures of the central lower eyelid.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Symptom frequency rated with the Symptom Assessment Questionnaire in Dry Eye improved from baseline to final follow-up with combined therapy (mean difference − 21.6; 95 % CI − 38.5, −4.8; p = 0.005) and LLLT alone (−20.5; 95 % CI − 37.9, −3.1; p = 0.01), while symptom severity improved only with combined therapy (−18.5; 95 % CI − 34.5, −2.6; p = 0.01). Both modalities improved meibum expressibility following 3 treatment sessions, although improvement remained at final follow-up only with LLLT alone (−0.5, 95 % CI − 0.8, −0.2; p &lt; 0.001). Tissue flavin fluorescence decreased after the fifth visit only with combined therapy (−12.7; 95 % CI − 4.9, 20.6; p = 0.001).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Combined therapy may have further mechanistic changes in increasing cellular metabolism, in addition to improvements in symptoms and meibum expressibility compared to LLLT alone. LLLT alone could be considered an adjunctive therapy for MGD if IPL is contraindicated.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49087,"journal":{"name":"Contact Lens & Anterior Eye","volume":"48 6","pages":"Article 102456"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144267766","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Are scleral lenses underutilized? A call for greater awareness among healthcare professionals","authors":"Maria K. Walker","doi":"10.1016/j.clae.2025.102496","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.clae.2025.102496","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":49087,"journal":{"name":"Contact Lens & Anterior Eye","volume":"48 6","pages":"Article 102496"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145006796","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical efficacy of induced epiphora by punctal plugging on refractory dry eye disease with ocular surface Damage: Randomized sham-controlled trial","authors":"Hyunmin Ahn ,&nbsp;Jae Lim Chung ,&nbsp;Ikhyun Jun ,&nbsp;Tae-im Kim ,&nbsp;Kyoung Yul Seo","doi":"10.1016/j.clae.2025.102588","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.clae.2025.102588","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>To evaluate the efficacy of induced epiphora by punctal plug on refractory dry eye disease (DED) with ocular surface damage.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A 24-week, patient-masked, randomized, sham-controlled trial was conducted. Participants (n = 66) with refractory DED were randomized into treatment and control groups. The treatment group received silicone punctal plugs in both upper and lower eyelids and induced an overflow of tears, while the control group underwent a sham procedure. Efficacy was assessed through changes in Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI), SICCA corneal staining score (CSS) over time. Repeated measures ANOVA was performed to test the significance.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>At baseline, the mean OSDI of the overall participants was 34.1 ± 11.7, the mean CSS were 1.5 ± 0.7. The treatment group showed significant improvement in OSDI scores and reduction in CSS compared to the control group, starting as early as 3 weeks and increasing over the study period (all <em>p</em> &lt; 0.05). At the 12- and 24-week follow-ups, 70 % achieved mild or lower OSDI scores. Complications of the treatment included plug dislodgement (39.4 %) and skin irritation (33.3 %). Over 90 % of participants reported being satisfied with the induced epiphora.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Induced epiphora by punctal plugging showed improvement in both subjective and objective outcomes in patients with refractory DED with ocular surface damage. This approach may serve as a potential adjunctive option for patients unresponsive to standard treatments, warranting careful application and longer-term evaluation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49087,"journal":{"name":"Contact Lens & Anterior Eye","volume":"49 1","pages":"Article 102588"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145662474","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Specific clinical phenotypes of dry eye disease can predict the presence of matrix metalloproteinase-9 in the ocular surface","authors":"Germán Mejía-Salgado ,&nbsp;William Rojas-Carabali ,&nbsp;Carlos Cifuentes-González ,&nbsp;Luis Alejandro Diez-Bahamón ,&nbsp;Valentina Kerguelén-Dumar ,&nbsp;Juanita Téllez-Zambrano ,&nbsp;Juan José García-Madero ,&nbsp;Alejandro Guevara-Carvajal ,&nbsp;Martha Lucía Moreno-Pardo ,&nbsp;Juliana Tirado-Ángel ,&nbsp;Guillermo Marroquín-Gómez ,&nbsp;Anat Galor ,&nbsp;Alejandra de-la-Torre","doi":"10.1016/j.clae.2025.102475","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.clae.2025.102475","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>The InflammaDry test detects matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) in tears, a biomarker associated with ocular surface inflammation. While a positive result may indicate the need for anti-inflammatory therapy, its cost and qualitative nature limit widespread use. This study aims to identify clinical phenotypes that predict positive InflammaDry results, facilitating targeted anti-inflammatory therapy without requiring MMP-9 testing.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This retrospective study analyzed 1,363 patients with Dry Eye Disease (DED) from a dry eye clinic. Diagnosis was based on symptoms and at least one tear dysfunction sign. All patients underwent InflammaDry testing. Bivariate analysis (Chi-square, Student’s <em>t</em>-test, Mann-Whitney-U) identified clinical factors associated with test positivity, which were further analyzed in a multivariable model. The proportion of InflammaDry-positive patients was compared across groups with increasing numbers of risk factors.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The mean age of the population was 51.4 years; 84.1 % were female, and all were Hispanic. Multivariable analysis identified several significant predictors of positive InflammaDry results: the presence of any autoimmune or allergic disease (odds ratio, OR = 1.59), corneal staining (Oxford ≥3, OR = 2.41), conjunctival staining (Oxford ≥3, OR = 2.30), low tear film viscosity (OR = 1.55), and nasal (OR 1.80) or temporal (OR = 1.47) ocular redness (Jenvis score &gt;2 by Oculus). The frequency of a positive InflammaDry increased from 69.9 % in the total population (n = 1,363) to 100 % in those with three identified risk factors (n = 9).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Specific systemic and ocular phenotypes can predict InflammaDry test results. Patients with specific characteristics may not require MMP-9 testing due to the high likelihood of having a positive result, potentially leading to more targeted and cost-effective management strategies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49087,"journal":{"name":"Contact Lens & Anterior Eye","volume":"48 6","pages":"Article 102475"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144650967","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Therapeutic effect of intense pulsed light in ocular demodicosis: A systematic review and meta-analysis","authors":"Hsin-Ming Liu ,&nbsp;Shannon Su ,&nbsp;Cher-Ming Liou ,&nbsp;Ann Yi-Chiun Chuang","doi":"10.1016/j.clae.2025.102477","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.clae.2025.102477","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Aims</h3><div>To assess the effect of intense pulsed light (IPL) on reducing ocular demodicosis.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A systematic literature search was conducted up to March 8, 2025, using the PubMed, Embase, Google Scholar, and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials databases. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) or non-RCTs with <em>Demodex</em> measurements before and after IPL therapy were included.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Six trials (five RCTs + one non-RCT) involving 329 adults were included. The overall risk of bias was assessed as low to moderate, and the certainty of evidence for all outcomes was considered low. IPL reduced <em>Demodex</em> mites per 100 eyelashes, with a mean difference (MD) of −7.80 (−16.36 to 0.76) with moderate heterogeneity (<em>p</em> = 0.11, <em>I²</em> = 47 %) when considering only RCTs. The risk ratio of <em>Demodex</em> eradication was 1.41 (1.18 to 1.69, <em>I²</em> = 0 %, <em>p</em> = 0.72) and was significant in both the IPL with meibomian gland expression (MGX) subgroup (1.49, 1.17–1.91) and IPL alone subgroup (1.32, 1.02–1.72). No major adverse events were reported.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>IPL, either alone or in combination with MGX, demonstrates a trend toward reducing <em>Demodex</em> infestation with no major adverse events reported. However, its effect on mite count reduction has not reached statistical significance. Further studies are needed to establish an optimal IPL treatment protocol.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49087,"journal":{"name":"Contact Lens & Anterior Eye","volume":"48 6","pages":"Article 102477"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144676267","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}