{"title":"AVERY, Charles, COWIE, Helen, SHAW, Samuel and WENLEY, Robert. Miss Clara and the celebrity beast in art 1500–1860","authors":"Stephanie Howard-Smith","doi":"10.3366/anh.2022.0804","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3366/anh.2022.0804","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":49106,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Natural History","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2022-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42102581","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"GASSÓ MIRACLE, Maria Eulàlia. Coenraad Jacob Temminck and the emergence of systematics (1800–1850)","authors":"A. Kitchener","doi":"10.3366/anh.2022.0813","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3366/anh.2022.0813","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":49106,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Natural History","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2022-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41825012","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The Museu da Ciência da Universidade de Coimbra (MCUC) (Science Museum of the University of Coimbra) hosts an important historical collection of land and freshwater snails from the Madeira Archipelago. This collection of 1,768 specimens (120 recent taxa within 20 families) was recently catalogued and digitized. Specimens in MCUC collections were recognized as being provided by António da Costa Paiva (Barão de Castelo de Paiva). This Portuguese nobleman also donated other mollusc collections to different scientific institutions and natural history museums in Portugal and abroad in the mid nineteenth-century. The study of the origin of the MCUC mollusc collection, beyond the data associated with the specimens, is important to the research on the endangered fauna of the Madeira Archipelago. This work precedes a comprehensive study ongoing in MCUC regarding the species occurrence and the systematic review on a great number of species hosted in the museum collection.
科英布拉大学科学博物馆(Museu da Ciência da Universidade de Coimbra, MCUC)收藏了马德拉群岛陆地和淡水蜗牛的重要历史收藏品。这个收藏了1768个标本(20个科的120个最新分类群)，最近进行了编目和数字化。MCUC收藏的标本被认为是由António da Costa Paiva (bar o de Castelo de Paiva)提供的。这位葡萄牙贵族还在19世纪中期向葡萄牙和国外的不同科学机构和自然历史博物馆捐赠了其他软体动物收藏品。除了与标本相关的数据外，对MCUC软体动物收集来源的研究对马德拉群岛濒危动物群的研究具有重要意义。这项工作是在MCUC正在进行的关于物种发生的全面研究和对博物馆收藏的大量物种的系统审查之前进行的。
{"title":"António da Costa Paiva (Barão de Castelo de Paiva) (1806–1879): his malacological collection from Madeira in Universidade de Coimbra, Portugal","authors":"A. Breves, Gilberto Pereira, M. T. Girão da Cruz","doi":"10.3366/anh.2022.0793","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3366/anh.2022.0793","url":null,"abstract":"The Museu da Ciência da Universidade de Coimbra (MCUC) (Science Museum of the University of Coimbra) hosts an important historical collection of land and freshwater snails from the Madeira Archipelago. This collection of 1,768 specimens (120 recent taxa within 20 families) was recently catalogued and digitized. Specimens in MCUC collections were recognized as being provided by António da Costa Paiva (Barão de Castelo de Paiva). This Portuguese nobleman also donated other mollusc collections to different scientific institutions and natural history museums in Portugal and abroad in the mid nineteenth-century. The study of the origin of the MCUC mollusc collection, beyond the data associated with the specimens, is important to the research on the endangered fauna of the Madeira Archipelago. This work precedes a comprehensive study ongoing in MCUC regarding the species occurrence and the systematic review on a great number of species hosted in the museum collection.","PeriodicalId":49106,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Natural History","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2022-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47177924","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"When did Alexander Philipp Maximilian, Prinz zu Wied-Neuwied, first describe Felis macroura?","authors":"A. Kitchener, J. Sanderson","doi":"10.3366/anh.2022.0801","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3366/anh.2022.0801","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":49106,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Natural History","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2022-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49401852","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The French voyage of exploration to New Holland (Australia) between 1800 and 1804, commanded by Nicolas Baudin (1754–1803), made substantial natural history collections, notably capturing dwarf emus from the two distinct populations on King Island (Île King) in Bass Strait (December 1802) and Kangaroo Island (Île Decrès) (January 1803). Two of these emus survived their voyage to France, were housed briefly at the Empress Josephine's menagerie at Malmaison, and then the zoological park of the Jardin des Plantes in Paris. Both died in 1822. With the wild populations on both islands exterminated soon after Baudin's visit, two watercolours, one by Charles-Alexandre Lesueur (1778–1846) and one by Léon de Wailly ( fl. 1801–1824), have been central to the history of the dwarf emus. However, an important contemporary engraving by Nicolas Huet (1770–1830) depicting the two surviving emus in captivity has been overlooked. This essay explores the history of the images of the now extinct dwarf emus, as well as the production and significance of Huet's engraving.
1800年至1804年期间，法国在尼古拉斯·鲍丁（1754-1803）的指挥下，对新荷兰（澳大利亚）进行了探索，收集了大量的自然史资料，尤其是在巴斯海峡的国王岛（国王岛）（1802年12月）和袋鼠岛（德热斯岛）上（1803年1月）从两个不同的种群中捕获了矮emu。其中两只在前往法国的航行中幸存下来，曾被短暂安置在马尔迈森的约瑟芬皇后动物园，然后是巴黎植物园的动物园。两人都死于1822年。波丁访问后不久，这两个岛屿上的野生种群都被灭绝了，查尔斯·亚历山大·勒苏厄（Charles Alexandre Lesueur，1778–1846）和莱昂·德·怀利（Léon de Wailly，1801–1824）的两幅水彩画一直是矮emus历史的核心。然而，尼古拉斯·休特（Nicolas Huet，1770–1830）的一幅重要的当代版画却被忽视了，该版画描绘了两只被囚禁的幸存的麋鹿。本文探讨了现已灭绝的矮emus图像的历史，以及Huet版画的产生和意义。
{"title":"Dwarf emus from Baudin's voyage (1800–1804): an overlooked engraving by Nicolas Huet (1770–1830)","authors":"M. Fishburn","doi":"10.3366/anh.2022.0791","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3366/anh.2022.0791","url":null,"abstract":"The French voyage of exploration to New Holland (Australia) between 1800 and 1804, commanded by Nicolas Baudin (1754–1803), made substantial natural history collections, notably capturing dwarf emus from the two distinct populations on King Island (Île King) in Bass Strait (December 1802) and Kangaroo Island (Île Decrès) (January 1803). Two of these emus survived their voyage to France, were housed briefly at the Empress Josephine's menagerie at Malmaison, and then the zoological park of the Jardin des Plantes in Paris. Both died in 1822. With the wild populations on both islands exterminated soon after Baudin's visit, two watercolours, one by Charles-Alexandre Lesueur (1778–1846) and one by Léon de Wailly ( fl. 1801–1824), have been central to the history of the dwarf emus. However, an important contemporary engraving by Nicolas Huet (1770–1830) depicting the two surviving emus in captivity has been overlooked. This essay explores the history of the images of the now extinct dwarf emus, as well as the production and significance of Huet's engraving.","PeriodicalId":49106,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Natural History","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2022-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44784967","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A forgotten Renaissance herbarium dated to 1595 is described. It is connected to herbaria created by the naturalist Hieronymus Harder (1523–1607) of Ulm. This hortus siccus was recently found in the Muzeum Broumovska, Broumov (Braunau), Czech Republic, to which it came from the collections of the local Benedictine monastery. It is the oldest hortus siccus known in collections in the Czech Republic. It contains 358 specimens as well as annotations and drawings. Its creator was Johann Brehe from Überlingen, a sixteenth-century barber-surgeon. The paper analyzes the representation of species, the purpose of the annotations, and also the meaning of the illustrations which supplement some of the specimens. It also investigates connections between Brehe’s work and Harder’s activities linked to herbaria. Brehe’s herbarium is compared with two similar collections; Johann Jakob Han’s (?1565–1616) herbarium of 1594 and Harder’s herbarium, also of 1594, and both kept in Überlingen. It shares some features with both, while differing in other respects. In particular, we compare representations of plants from the New World and the inclusion of mosses and lichens. Finally, we address the question of how a herbarium created in a town on the shores of Lake Constance, in present-day Germany, found its way to an eastern Bohemian monastery, where its presence was first documented as recently as 1937 by Pater Vincenz Maiwald OSB (1862–1951). We also highlight the importance of Czech monasteries as sources of important, unpublished documents dealing with both the natural and social sciences.
{"title":"Hortus siccus (1595) of Johann Brehe of Überlingen from the Broumov Benedictine monastery, Czech Republic, re-discovered","authors":"Jarmila Skružná, Adéla Pokorná, Sylva Dobalová, Lucie Strnadová","doi":"10.3366/anh.2022.0794","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3366/anh.2022.0794","url":null,"abstract":"A forgotten Renaissance herbarium dated to 1595 is described. It is connected to herbaria created by the naturalist Hieronymus Harder (1523–1607) of Ulm. This hortus siccus was recently found in the Muzeum Broumovska, Broumov (Braunau), Czech Republic, to which it came from the collections of the local Benedictine monastery. It is the oldest hortus siccus known in collections in the Czech Republic. It contains 358 specimens as well as annotations and drawings. Its creator was Johann Brehe from Überlingen, a sixteenth-century barber-surgeon. The paper analyzes the representation of species, the purpose of the annotations, and also the meaning of the illustrations which supplement some of the specimens. It also investigates connections between Brehe’s work and Harder’s activities linked to herbaria. Brehe’s herbarium is compared with two similar collections; Johann Jakob Han’s (?1565–1616) herbarium of 1594 and Harder’s herbarium, also of 1594, and both kept in Überlingen. It shares some features with both, while differing in other respects. In particular, we compare representations of plants from the New World and the inclusion of mosses and lichens. Finally, we address the question of how a herbarium created in a town on the shores of Lake Constance, in present-day Germany, found its way to an eastern Bohemian monastery, where its presence was first documented as recently as 1937 by Pater Vincenz Maiwald OSB (1862–1951). We also highlight the importance of Czech monasteries as sources of important, unpublished documents dealing with both the natural and social sciences.","PeriodicalId":49106,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Natural History","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2022-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44501173","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
French Minim friar Charles Plumier (1646−1704), craftsman, illustrator, and engraver, but best known for his work as a botanist, devoted the better part of his life to collecting and illustrating plants and animals. Observations made along the coasts of Languedoc and Provence, in the French Alps, on the islands of Hyères in the western Mediterranean, and during three expeditions to the West Indies between 1687 and 1697, provided the foundation for an enormous body of iconographic material extant in the collections of the Bibliothèque centrale du Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, Paris. His anatomical drawings and description of the American crocodile, Crocodylus acutus Cuvier, 1807 , made while at Saint Domingue (present-day Haiti) during his last voyage (1694−1697), are described and reproduced. Comparisons with earlier, contemporary, and later accounts, especially those of Joseph Guichard Duverney (1648–1730), Thomas Goüye (1650–1725), Hans Sloane (1660−1753), and Johann Gottlob Theaenus Schneider (1750–1822), are presented, as well as evidence of the originality and scientific accuracy of Plumier’s account.
{"title":"Charles Plumier’s anatomical drawings and description of the American crocodile, Crocodylus acutus (1694–1697)","authors":"T. Pietsch","doi":"10.3366/anh.2022.0764","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3366/anh.2022.0764","url":null,"abstract":"French Minim friar Charles Plumier (1646−1704), craftsman, illustrator, and engraver, but best known for his work as a botanist, devoted the better part of his life to collecting and illustrating plants and animals. Observations made along the coasts of Languedoc and Provence, in the French Alps, on the islands of Hyères in the western Mediterranean, and during three expeditions to the West Indies between 1687 and 1697, provided the foundation for an enormous body of iconographic material extant in the collections of the Bibliothèque centrale du Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, Paris. His anatomical drawings and description of the American crocodile, Crocodylus acutus Cuvier, 1807 , made while at Saint Domingue (present-day Haiti) during his last voyage (1694−1697), are described and reproduced. Comparisons with earlier, contemporary, and later accounts, especially those of Joseph Guichard Duverney (1648–1730), Thomas Goüye (1650–1725), Hans Sloane (1660−1753), and Johann Gottlob Theaenus Schneider (1750–1822), are presented, as well as evidence of the originality and scientific accuracy of Plumier’s account.","PeriodicalId":49106,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Natural History","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2022-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49129321","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Discovery of a miniature portrait of Constantine Samuel Rafinesque (New York, 1818)","authors":"H. Strack","doi":"10.3366/anh.2022.0768","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3366/anh.2022.0768","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":49106,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Natural History","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2022-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44679300","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This paper provides an overview of the organization and first decades of the Zoological Section of the Museu Nacional de Lisboa (National Museum of Lisbon), under the leadership of José Vicente Barbosa du Bocage (1823–1907), a Portuguese zoologist who attained international recognition. The article discusses the contributions made by a small community of zoologists, who joined transnational networks and gave projection to the institution by founding and disseminating the first Portuguese journal exclusively devoted to scientific research, the Jornal de sciencias mathematicas, physicas e naturaes, in which they published their original research. The animal collections of the Zoological Section were unique in that they had numerous specimens of previously unknown Southwestern African birds and reptiles, most of which were sent by José de Anchieta, who extensively travelled across the Angolan hinterland. From its inception, the museum was tied to a higher education institution, the Escola Politécnica de Lisboa (Lisbon Polytechnic School), and also fulfilled a pedagogical function. Although the Zoological Section survived the death of its founder, being renamed Museu Bocage (Bocage Museum) in 1905, it failed to gain more autonomy in subsequent decades, becoming a constrained institution that lacked premises and personnel to meet its rising demands. After a fire that destroyed almost all its specimens in 1978, the recently reformed Museu Nacional de História Natural e da Ciência (National Museum of Natural History and Science) is trying to write a new chapter by honouring its long history.
本文概述了在获得国际认可的葡萄牙动物学家JoséVicente Barbosa du Bocage（1823–1907）的领导下，里斯本国家博物馆（里斯本国家博物馆）动物科的组织和最初的几十年。这篇文章讨论了一小群动物学家所做的贡献，他们加入了跨国网络，并通过创办和传播第一本专门致力于科学研究的葡萄牙杂志《数学科学杂志》（Jornal de scienceias mathematicas，physicas e naturales）为该机构做出了贡献，他们在该杂志上发表了自己的原创研究。动物科的动物收藏是独一无二的，因为它们有许多以前未知的西南非洲鸟类和爬行动物的标本，其中大部分是由Joséde Anchieta送来的，他曾广泛穿越安哥拉腹地。从一开始，博物馆就与里斯本理工学院（Escola Politécnica de Lisboa）这所高等教育机构联系在一起，并履行了教学职能。尽管动物科在其创始人去世后幸存下来，1905年更名为博卡博物馆（博卡博物馆），但在随后的几十年里，它未能获得更多的自主权，成为一个受限制的机构，缺乏场所和人员来满足其日益增长的需求。1978年，一场大火摧毁了几乎所有的标本，最近进行了改革的国家自然历史和科学博物馆（National Museum of Natural History and Science）正试图通过纪念其悠久的历史来谱写新的篇章。
{"title":"The golden age (1862–1910) of the Zoological Section of the Museu Nacional de Lisboa (National Museum of Lisbon), Portugal","authors":"Daniel Gamito-Marques","doi":"10.3366/anh.2022.0765","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3366/anh.2022.0765","url":null,"abstract":"This paper provides an overview of the organization and first decades of the Zoological Section of the Museu Nacional de Lisboa (National Museum of Lisbon), under the leadership of José Vicente Barbosa du Bocage (1823–1907), a Portuguese zoologist who attained international recognition. The article discusses the contributions made by a small community of zoologists, who joined transnational networks and gave projection to the institution by founding and disseminating the first Portuguese journal exclusively devoted to scientific research, the Jornal de sciencias mathematicas, physicas e naturaes, in which they published their original research. The animal collections of the Zoological Section were unique in that they had numerous specimens of previously unknown Southwestern African birds and reptiles, most of which were sent by José de Anchieta, who extensively travelled across the Angolan hinterland. From its inception, the museum was tied to a higher education institution, the Escola Politécnica de Lisboa (Lisbon Polytechnic School), and also fulfilled a pedagogical function. Although the Zoological Section survived the death of its founder, being renamed Museu Bocage (Bocage Museum) in 1905, it failed to gain more autonomy in subsequent decades, becoming a constrained institution that lacked premises and personnel to meet its rising demands. After a fire that destroyed almost all its specimens in 1978, the recently reformed Museu Nacional de História Natural e da Ciência (National Museum of Natural History and Science) is trying to write a new chapter by honouring its long history.","PeriodicalId":49106,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Natural History","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2022-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43377735","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In 1834 Commodore John Downes (1784–1854) donated two live tortoises, a male and a female, to the Boston Society of Natural History that he had collected on Charles Island (Isla Floreana), Galápagos, during the circumnavigation of the USS Potomac. Both died shortly after arriving in Boston and were dissected. Their remains currently reside in the Harvard Museum of Comparative Zoology. By the beginning of the twentieth century it had become clear that each island had its own unique tortoise species, but most of the species’ names were based on specimens of unknown provenance. The two Potomac tortoises were almost the only specimens whose island of origin was actually known. The male was considered to be the holotype of the Floreana tortoise, with the suggested name Testudo galapagoensis (the currently accepted name is Chelonoidis niger). Genetic analysis, however, has revealed that the male actually came from Duncan Island (Isla Pinzón). Although the Potomac apparently remained at Floreana during its stay in the Galápagos, records of the trip indicate that a boat was sent to collect tortoises from Indefatigable Island (Isla Santa Cruz) and, possibly, Pinzón. The disposition of the female was reported as unknown, but there is a specimen in the Harvard collection that documentation identifies as the female. However, the specimen is a male, and is not the tortoise that Commodore Downes had donated to the Boston Society of Natural History. Although genetic analysis determined that this tortoise did indeed come from Floreana, its provenance is unclear.
{"title":"Giant tortoises collected from Charles Island (Isla Floreana), Galápagos, during the voyage of USS Potomac, 1831–1834","authors":"R. H. Rothman","doi":"10.3366/anh.2022.0760","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3366/anh.2022.0760","url":null,"abstract":"In 1834 Commodore John Downes (1784–1854) donated two live tortoises, a male and a female, to the Boston Society of Natural History that he had collected on Charles Island (Isla Floreana), Galápagos, during the circumnavigation of the USS Potomac. Both died shortly after arriving in Boston and were dissected. Their remains currently reside in the Harvard Museum of Comparative Zoology. By the beginning of the twentieth century it had become clear that each island had its own unique tortoise species, but most of the species’ names were based on specimens of unknown provenance. The two Potomac tortoises were almost the only specimens whose island of origin was actually known. The male was considered to be the holotype of the Floreana tortoise, with the suggested name Testudo galapagoensis (the currently accepted name is Chelonoidis niger). Genetic analysis, however, has revealed that the male actually came from Duncan Island (Isla Pinzón). Although the Potomac apparently remained at Floreana during its stay in the Galápagos, records of the trip indicate that a boat was sent to collect tortoises from Indefatigable Island (Isla Santa Cruz) and, possibly, Pinzón. The disposition of the female was reported as unknown, but there is a specimen in the Harvard collection that documentation identifies as the female. However, the specimen is a male, and is not the tortoise that Commodore Downes had donated to the Boston Society of Natural History. Although genetic analysis determined that this tortoise did indeed come from Floreana, its provenance is unclear.","PeriodicalId":49106,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Natural History","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2022-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46324150","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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