<div> <section> <h3> Background</h3> <p>Based on stakeholder conversations, speech and language therapists have anecdotally observed cases of dysphagia with suspected laryngeal hypersensitivity. These presentations have been coined as ‘muscle tension dysphagia’ often with concurrent laryngeal sensitivity symptoms. However, the role of laryngeal hypersensitivity in dysphagia is not fully understood. Knowledge user engagement highlights a lack of clarity around diagnosis and investigative approaches, limited clinical guidance and inconsistent practice, which leads to inequity in service delivery and care.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Aim</h3> <p>To identify and present the published literature regarding the definitions and clinical identification tools used during the management of laryngeal hypersensitivity related dysphagia.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Methods & Procedures</h3> <p>A scoping review was conducted following Joanna Briggs Institute methodology and EQUATOR PRISMA-ScR guidance. Patient and stakeholder engagement was embedded at each review stage. The protocol was registered with the Open Science Framework: DOI 10.17605/OSF.IO/CUXYN. A multidatabase search strategy identified literature published between 2012 and 2022. A narrative description was used to report the study findings.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Outcomes & Results</h3> <p>The search identified 2590 citations. The full paper screening was completed on 88 studies, with 17 studies included in data extraction. There was a wide range of terminology and assessment approaches which varied across different clinical settings. The most cited term was ‘muscle tension dysphagia’. The most common assessments tools were videofluoroscopy, fibreoptic endoscopic evaluation of swallowing and videostroboscopy, predominantly used in speech and language therapy and/or Ear, Nose and Throat settings. Gastroesophageal and respiratory investigations were less frequently cited.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Main Contribution</h3> <p>This review details the current evidence related to the terminology and assessment tools cited in laryngeal hypersensitivity related dysphagia to improve clinician knowledge and understanding. Patient and stakeholder involvement indicated that future research needs to: optimize consensus of terminology, and improve consistent identification methods, service provision and treatment approaches.</p> </section> <section>
{"title":"The role of laryngeal hypersensitivity in dysphagia: A scoping review with embedded stakeholder involvement","authors":"Sophie Chalmers, Fiona Gillies, Sarah Wallace","doi":"10.1111/1460-6984.13085","DOIUrl":"10.1111/1460-6984.13085","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Based on stakeholder conversations, speech and language therapists have anecdotally observed cases of dysphagia with suspected laryngeal hypersensitivity. These presentations have been coined as ‘muscle tension dysphagia’ often with concurrent laryngeal sensitivity symptoms. However, the role of laryngeal hypersensitivity in dysphagia is not fully understood. Knowledge user engagement highlights a lack of clarity around diagnosis and investigative approaches, limited clinical guidance and inconsistent practice, which leads to inequity in service delivery and care.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aim</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To identify and present the published literature regarding the definitions and clinical identification tools used during the management of laryngeal hypersensitivity related dysphagia.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods & Procedures</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A scoping review was conducted following Joanna Briggs Institute methodology and EQUATOR PRISMA-ScR guidance. Patient and stakeholder engagement was embedded at each review stage. The protocol was registered with the Open Science Framework: DOI 10.17605/OSF.IO/CUXYN. A multidatabase search strategy identified literature published between 2012 and 2022. A narrative description was used to report the study findings.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Outcomes & Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The search identified 2590 citations. The full paper screening was completed on 88 studies, with 17 studies included in data extraction. There was a wide range of terminology and assessment approaches which varied across different clinical settings. The most cited term was ‘muscle tension dysphagia’. The most common assessments tools were videofluoroscopy, fibreoptic endoscopic evaluation of swallowing and videostroboscopy, predominantly used in speech and language therapy and/or Ear, Nose and Throat settings. Gastroesophageal and respiratory investigations were less frequently cited.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Main Contribution</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This review details the current evidence related to the terminology and assessment tools cited in laryngeal hypersensitivity related dysphagia to improve clinician knowledge and understanding. Patient and stakeholder involvement indicated that future research needs to: optimize consensus of terminology, and improve consistent identification methods, service provision and treatment approaches.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 ","PeriodicalId":49182,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Language & Communication Disorders","volume":"59 6","pages":"2333-2351"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/1460-6984.13085","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141471925","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
<div> <section> <h3> Background</h3> <p>Despite the ability of cochlear implants (CIs) to provide children with access to speech, there is considerable variability in spoken language outcomes. Research aimed at identifying factors influencing speech production accuracy is needed.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Aims</h3> <p>To characterize the consonant production accuracy of children with cochlear implants (CWCI) and an age-matched group of children with typical hearing (CWTH) and to explore several factors that potentially affect the ability of both groups to accurately produce consonants.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Methods & Procedures</h3> <p>We administered the Bankson-Bernthal Test of Phonology (BBTOP) to a group of 25 CWCI (mean age = 4;9, SD = 1;6, range = 3;2–8;5) implanted prior to 30 months of age with a mean duration of implant usage of 3;6 and an age-matched group of 25 CWTH (mean age = 5;0, SD = 1;6, range = 3;1–8;6). The recorded results were transcribed, and the accuracy of the target consonants was determined. Expressive vocabulary size estimates were obtained from a language sample using the number of different words (NDW). A parent questionnaire provided information about maternal education, duration of CIs experience and other demographic characteristics of each child.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Outcomes & Results</h3> <p>The CWCI group demonstrated some similarities to, and some differences from, their hearing peers. The CWCI demonstrated poorer consonant production accuracy overall and in various phonetic categories and word positions. However, both groups produced initial consonants more accurately than final consonants. Whilst CWCI had poorer production accuracy than CWTH for all phonetic categories (stops, nasals, fricatives, affricates, liquids and glides and consonant clusters), both groups exhibited similar error patterns across categories. For CWCI, the factors most related to consonant production accuracy when considered individually were expressive vocabulary size, followed by duration of CI experience, chronological age, maternal education and gender. The combination of maternal education and vocabulary size resulted in the best model of consonant production accuracy for this group. For the CWTH, chronological age followed by vocabulary size were most related to consonant production accuracy. No combination of factors yielded an improved model for the CWTH.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Conclusions & Implications</h3> <p>Whilst group differences in production accuracy between the CWCI and CWTH were found
{"title":"Factors affecting consonant production accuracy in children with cochlear implants: Expressive vocabulary and maternal education","authors":"James Mahshie, Cynthia Core, Michael D. Larsen","doi":"10.1111/1460-6984.13075","DOIUrl":"10.1111/1460-6984.13075","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Despite the ability of cochlear implants (CIs) to provide children with access to speech, there is considerable variability in spoken language outcomes. Research aimed at identifying factors influencing speech production accuracy is needed.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aims</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To characterize the consonant production accuracy of children with cochlear implants (CWCI) and an age-matched group of children with typical hearing (CWTH) and to explore several factors that potentially affect the ability of both groups to accurately produce consonants.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods & Procedures</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We administered the Bankson-Bernthal Test of Phonology (BBTOP) to a group of 25 CWCI (mean age = 4;9, SD = 1;6, range = 3;2–8;5) implanted prior to 30 months of age with a mean duration of implant usage of 3;6 and an age-matched group of 25 CWTH (mean age = 5;0, SD = 1;6, range = 3;1–8;6). The recorded results were transcribed, and the accuracy of the target consonants was determined. Expressive vocabulary size estimates were obtained from a language sample using the number of different words (NDW). A parent questionnaire provided information about maternal education, duration of CIs experience and other demographic characteristics of each child.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Outcomes & Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The CWCI group demonstrated some similarities to, and some differences from, their hearing peers. The CWCI demonstrated poorer consonant production accuracy overall and in various phonetic categories and word positions. However, both groups produced initial consonants more accurately than final consonants. Whilst CWCI had poorer production accuracy than CWTH for all phonetic categories (stops, nasals, fricatives, affricates, liquids and glides and consonant clusters), both groups exhibited similar error patterns across categories. For CWCI, the factors most related to consonant production accuracy when considered individually were expressive vocabulary size, followed by duration of CI experience, chronological age, maternal education and gender. The combination of maternal education and vocabulary size resulted in the best model of consonant production accuracy for this group. For the CWTH, chronological age followed by vocabulary size were most related to consonant production accuracy. No combination of factors yielded an improved model for the CWTH.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions & Implications</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Whilst group differences in production accuracy between the CWCI and CWTH were found","PeriodicalId":49182,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Language & Communication Disorders","volume":"59 6","pages":"2312-2332"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141460251","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jessica A. Harasym, Douglas P. Gross, Andrea A. N. MacLeod, Shanon K. Phelan
<div> <section> <h3> Background</h3> <p>Concussion and communication researchers have yet to study how post-concussion communication changes affect youths’ daily lives. The lack of attention paid to how young people respond to communication changes during concussion recovery constitutes a significant gap in current concussion management research and practices.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Aims</h3> <p>To explore how youth respond to the effects of post-concussion communication changes in their daily life, including (1) daily routines, (2) relationships with family members, (3) relationships with peers and (4) participation in school/work and community activities.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Methods & Procedures</h3> <p>Five youths (16–25 years) and three family members participated in this arts-based reflexive collective case study. Ecocultural theory provided the theoretical framework for study design, data collection and analysis. Cases consist of (1) pre-interview demographic information, (2) three 60–90-min virtual interviews, (3) optional family member interviews, (4) multi-media arts-based participant-generated materials representing participants’ experiences of communication change and concussion, and (5) researcher observations, discussions and reflexive journal entries. Reflexive thematic analysis was used to analyse the data.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Outcomes & Results</h3> <p>Analysis yielded four themes that illustrate the ways youth navigated and adapted to post-concussion communication changes: (1) navigating changes in communication tasks, daily roles, and identity; (2) re-negotiating relationships and emotional reactions; (3) seeking control and learning to let go during recovery; and (4) helping youth adapt to post-concussion communication changes.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Conclusions & Implications</h3> <p>The study findings deepen our understanding of the impact of post-concussion communication changes on youths' daily lives and underscore considerations critical to the development of communication-focused concussion education programs and interventions tailored specifically for youth.</p> </section> <section> <h3> What this paper adds</h3> <section> <h3> What is already known on the subject</h3> <div> <ul>
{"title":"‘Do it afraid’: An arts-based reflexive collective case study exploring youth responses to post-concussion communication changes in daily life","authors":"Jessica A. Harasym, Douglas P. Gross, Andrea A. N. MacLeod, Shanon K. Phelan","doi":"10.1111/1460-6984.13082","DOIUrl":"10.1111/1460-6984.13082","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Concussion and communication researchers have yet to study how post-concussion communication changes affect youths’ daily lives. The lack of attention paid to how young people respond to communication changes during concussion recovery constitutes a significant gap in current concussion management research and practices.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aims</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To explore how youth respond to the effects of post-concussion communication changes in their daily life, including (1) daily routines, (2) relationships with family members, (3) relationships with peers and (4) participation in school/work and community activities.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods & Procedures</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Five youths (16–25 years) and three family members participated in this arts-based reflexive collective case study. Ecocultural theory provided the theoretical framework for study design, data collection and analysis. Cases consist of (1) pre-interview demographic information, (2) three 60–90-min virtual interviews, (3) optional family member interviews, (4) multi-media arts-based participant-generated materials representing participants’ experiences of communication change and concussion, and (5) researcher observations, discussions and reflexive journal entries. Reflexive thematic analysis was used to analyse the data.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Outcomes & Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Analysis yielded four themes that illustrate the ways youth navigated and adapted to post-concussion communication changes: (1) navigating changes in communication tasks, daily roles, and identity; (2) re-negotiating relationships and emotional reactions; (3) seeking control and learning to let go during recovery; and (4) helping youth adapt to post-concussion communication changes.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions & Implications</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The study findings deepen our understanding of the impact of post-concussion communication changes on youths' daily lives and underscore considerations critical to the development of communication-focused concussion education programs and interventions tailored specifically for youth.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> What this paper adds</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> What is already known on the subject</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <div>\u0000 <ul>\u0000 ","PeriodicalId":49182,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Language & Communication Disorders","volume":"59 6","pages":"2294-2311"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/1460-6984.13082","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141460250","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Rachel Rees, Christina Smith, Asher Loke, Ruth Nightingale
<div> <section> <h3> Background</h3> <p>Attainment inequalities exist for ethnic minority students graduating from higher education institutes (HEIs) in the UK. Previous research has investigated the outcomes and experiences of students from ethnic minority backgrounds on health and social care programmes. However, studies exploring ethnic minority speech and language therapy (SLT) students’ experiences have only focused on international students and were conducted in Australia. No known studies exploring the experiences of both home-domiciled and international SLT students from ethnic minority backgrounds have been conducted in the UK.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Aims</h3> <p>To explore the experiences of home-domiciled and international ethnic minority students on a SLT training programme and to identify ways to improve these experiences.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Methods & Procedures</h3> <p>All SLT students attending a pre-registration postgraduate course who identified as being from an ethnic minority background were invited to participate. Two focus groups, one for three international students and one for six home students, were conducted. Data were analysed using reflexive thematic analysis.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Outcomes & Results</h3> <p>Three themes were identified that illustrated students’ current experiences and how experiences could be improved: (1) <i>feeling an outsider</i>, explores students’ sense of belonging in SLT education; (2) <i>finding ways to manage</i>, describes the strategies used by students to cope with their experiences of marginalization, and how adopting these strategies impact on their well-being; and (3) <i>promoting inclusion</i>, explains how the training programme could be modified to improve the experience of ethnic minority students.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Conclusions & Implications</h3> <p>A better understanding of the experiences of ethnic minority SLT students can help others to support them more effectively. The findings suggest that making changes to SLT training programmes could improve ethnic minority students’ outcomes and experiences. These include: more training for staff and students, support groups for ethnic minority students, sharing lived experiences of students and experienced SLTs from ethnic minority backgrounds, and clearer ways of reporting racist incidents. International students would benefit from receiving more information on HEI support services and cu
{"title":"The experiences of home-domiciled and international ethnic minority students on a pre-registration speech and language therapy training programme: A qualitative study","authors":"Rachel Rees, Christina Smith, Asher Loke, Ruth Nightingale","doi":"10.1111/1460-6984.13078","DOIUrl":"10.1111/1460-6984.13078","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Attainment inequalities exist for ethnic minority students graduating from higher education institutes (HEIs) in the UK. Previous research has investigated the outcomes and experiences of students from ethnic minority backgrounds on health and social care programmes. However, studies exploring ethnic minority speech and language therapy (SLT) students’ experiences have only focused on international students and were conducted in Australia. No known studies exploring the experiences of both home-domiciled and international SLT students from ethnic minority backgrounds have been conducted in the UK.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aims</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To explore the experiences of home-domiciled and international ethnic minority students on a SLT training programme and to identify ways to improve these experiences.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods & Procedures</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>All SLT students attending a pre-registration postgraduate course who identified as being from an ethnic minority background were invited to participate. Two focus groups, one for three international students and one for six home students, were conducted. Data were analysed using reflexive thematic analysis.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Outcomes & Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Three themes were identified that illustrated students’ current experiences and how experiences could be improved: (1) <i>feeling an outsider</i>, explores students’ sense of belonging in SLT education; (2) <i>finding ways to manage</i>, describes the strategies used by students to cope with their experiences of marginalization, and how adopting these strategies impact on their well-being; and (3) <i>promoting inclusion</i>, explains how the training programme could be modified to improve the experience of ethnic minority students.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions & Implications</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A better understanding of the experiences of ethnic minority SLT students can help others to support them more effectively. The findings suggest that making changes to SLT training programmes could improve ethnic minority students’ outcomes and experiences. These include: more training for staff and students, support groups for ethnic minority students, sharing lived experiences of students and experienced SLTs from ethnic minority backgrounds, and clearer ways of reporting racist incidents. International students would benefit from receiving more information on HEI support services and cu","PeriodicalId":49182,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Language & Communication Disorders","volume":"59 6","pages":"2265-2278"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/1460-6984.13078","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141460252","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
<div> <section> <h3> Background</h3> <p>Over 8 million children with disabilities live in Africa and are candidates for augmentative and alternative communication (AAC), yet formal training for team members, such as speech–language therapists and special education teachers, is extremely limited. Only one university on the continent provides postgraduate degrees in AAC, and other institutions provide only short modules at an undergraduate level. The need for an introductory training course on AAC that is accessible by university students continent-wide was identified. An online programme, namely an intelligent tutoring system (ITS), was identified as a possible option to facilitate interactive learning without the need for synchronous teaching. The use of an ITS is shown to be effective in developing knowledge and clinical reasoning in the health and rehabilitation fields. However, it has not yet been applied to student teaching in the field of AAC.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Aim</h3> <p>To determine both the feasibility of an ITS to implement an AAC curriculum for students in four African countries, and the usability and effectiveness of such a system as a mechanism for learning about AAC.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Method & Procedures</h3> <p>The study included two components: the development of a valid AAC curriculum; and using the ITS to test the effectiveness of implementation in a pre- and post-test design with 98 speech–language therapy and special education students from five universities.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Outcomes & Results</h3> <p>Statistically significant differences were obtained between pre- and post-test assessments. Students perceived the learning experience as practical, with rich content.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Conclusions & Implications</h3> <p>The findings suggest that the ITS-based AAC curriculum was positively perceived by the students and potentially offers an effective means of providing supplementary AAC training to students, although modifications to the system are still required.</p> </section> <section> <h3> What this paper adds</h3> <section> <h3> What is already known on the subject</h3> <div> <ul> <li>Professionals typically lack formal trai
背景：非洲生活着 800 多万残疾儿童，他们都是辅助和替代性交流（AAC）的适用人群，但对团队成员（如言语治疗师和特殊教育教师）的正规培训却极为有限。非洲大陆只有一所大学提供辅助和替代性交流的研究生学位，其他院校只提供本科阶段的短期课程。因此，有必要在非洲大陆范围内开设一门大学生都能参加的 AAC 入门培训课程。在线课程，即智能辅导系统（ITS），被认为是无需同步教学即可促进互动学习的一种可能选择。事实证明，使用智能辅导系统可以有效地开发保健和康复领域的知识和临床推理能力。目的：确定在四个非洲国家为学生实施 AAC 课程的 ITS 的可行性，以及该系统作为 AAC 学习机制的可用性和有效性：研究包括两部分：开发有效的 AAC 课程；使用 ITS 测试实施效果，对来自五所大学的 98 名言语治疗和特殊教育专业的学生进行前后测试：测试前和测试后的评估结果在统计学上存在明显差异。学生认为学习体验实用、内容丰富：研究结果表明，学生们对基于 ITS 的 AAC 课程给予了积极评价，并认为该课程有可能成为向学生提供 AAC 辅助培训的有效手段，但仍需对系统进行修改：对这一主题的了解 专业人员通常缺乏 AAC 方面的正规培训。在非洲，这是一个严峻的挑战，因为非洲有 800 多万名儿童需要接受辅助听力训练。我们发现，有必要在非洲大陆范围内开设一门可供大学生学习的 AAC 入门培训课程。本文对现有知识的补充 研发了一套关于辅助听力的课程，并将其整合到了 ITS 中，这是一个允许通过异步教学进行互动学习的在线课程。来自四个非洲国家的学生完成了 AAC ITS 课程。该课程受到了学生们的积极响应，并在统计学上确定了知识方面的显著变化。这项工作有哪些实际和临床意义？这项可行性研究表明，使用 ITS 是为这些非洲国家的大学生提供 AAC 培训的有效手段。研究结果为确保在非洲地区公平分配 AAC 培训机会做出了宝贵贡献。这将对那些需要接受 AAC 培训的人产生重大的积极影响。
{"title":"Use of an intelligent tutoring system for a curriculum on augmentative and alternative communication: Feasibility for implementation","authors":"Shakila Dada, Cathy Flores, Kirsty Bastable, Kerstin Tönsing, Alecia Samuels, Sourav Mukhopadhyay, Beatrice Isanda, Josephine Ohenewa Bampoe, Unati Stemela-Zali, Saira Banu Karim, Legini Moodley, Adele May, Refilwe Morwane, Katherine Smith, Rahab Mothapo, Mavis Mohuba, Maureen Casey, Zakiyya Laher, Nothando Mtungwa, Robyn Moore","doi":"10.1111/1460-6984.13084","DOIUrl":"10.1111/1460-6984.13084","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Over 8 million children with disabilities live in Africa and are candidates for augmentative and alternative communication (AAC), yet formal training for team members, such as speech–language therapists and special education teachers, is extremely limited. Only one university on the continent provides postgraduate degrees in AAC, and other institutions provide only short modules at an undergraduate level. The need for an introductory training course on AAC that is accessible by university students continent-wide was identified. An online programme, namely an intelligent tutoring system (ITS), was identified as a possible option to facilitate interactive learning without the need for synchronous teaching. The use of an ITS is shown to be effective in developing knowledge and clinical reasoning in the health and rehabilitation fields. However, it has not yet been applied to student teaching in the field of AAC.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aim</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To determine both the feasibility of an ITS to implement an AAC curriculum for students in four African countries, and the usability and effectiveness of such a system as a mechanism for learning about AAC.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Method & Procedures</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The study included two components: the development of a valid AAC curriculum; and using the ITS to test the effectiveness of implementation in a pre- and post-test design with 98 speech–language therapy and special education students from five universities.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Outcomes & Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Statistically significant differences were obtained between pre- and post-test assessments. Students perceived the learning experience as practical, with rich content.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions & Implications</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The findings suggest that the ITS-based AAC curriculum was positively perceived by the students and potentially offers an effective means of providing supplementary AAC training to students, although modifications to the system are still required.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> What this paper adds</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> What is already known on the subject</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <div>\u0000 <ul>\u0000 \u0000 <li>Professionals typically lack formal trai","PeriodicalId":49182,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Language & Communication Disorders","volume":"59 6","pages":"2279-2293"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/1460-6984.13084","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141460253","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Michèle Masson-Trottier, Karine Marcotte, Elizabeth Rochon, Carol Leonard, Ana Inés Ansaldo
<div> <section> <h3> Background</h3> <p>Over 50% of individuals with aphasia face ongoing word-finding issues. Studies have found phonologically oriented therapy helpful for English speakers, but this has not yet been studied in French. It is essential to assess the effectiveness of such a therapy in French, considering the distinct linguistic typologies between both languages, which may impact the outcomes of phonologically oriented interventions.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Aim</h3> <p>This paper evaluates the effectiveness of French Phonological Component Analysis (Fr-PCA) on communication skills of individuals with chronic aphasia and the impact of individual factors on treatment success.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Methods & Procedures</h3> <p>Eighteen individuals with chronic aphasia received 15 h of Fr-PCA therapy over 5 weeks. Naming accuracy for treated and untreated words was measured before and after therapy, as well as at 3- and 6-month follow-ups. Secondary outcome measures included standardized tests measuring within-level generalization (object and action naming) and across-level generalization (repetition, verbal fluency, oral comprehension, communication effectiveness reported by a frequent communication partner).</p> </section> <section> <h3> Outcomes & Results</h3> <p>Fr-PCA led to improved accuracy for treated (17 participants out of 18) and untreated words (9 participants out of 18), with gains maintained at 6-month follow-up (7 participants out of 10 for treated and 6 participants out of 10 for untreated), and generalization to communication effectiveness reported by a frequent communication partner (11 participants out of 16). Age, apraxia of speech severity and initial anomia severity impacted therapy gains.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Conclusions & Implications</h3> <p>Though more research is needed, results suggest Fr-PCA benefits French individuals living with aphasia. Identifying individual factors influencing therapy gains could enable clinicians to improve therapy tailoring.</p> </section> <section> <h3> WHAT THIS PAPER ADDS</h3> <section> <h3> What is already known on this subject</h3> <div> <ul> <li>Phonological Component Analysis (PCA) improves naming of tr
{"title":"Effectiveness of French Phonological Components Analysis in individuals with chronic aphasia","authors":"Michèle Masson-Trottier, Karine Marcotte, Elizabeth Rochon, Carol Leonard, Ana Inés Ansaldo","doi":"10.1111/1460-6984.13080","DOIUrl":"10.1111/1460-6984.13080","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Over 50% of individuals with aphasia face ongoing word-finding issues. Studies have found phonologically oriented therapy helpful for English speakers, but this has not yet been studied in French. It is essential to assess the effectiveness of such a therapy in French, considering the distinct linguistic typologies between both languages, which may impact the outcomes of phonologically oriented interventions.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aim</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This paper evaluates the effectiveness of French Phonological Component Analysis (Fr-PCA) on communication skills of individuals with chronic aphasia and the impact of individual factors on treatment success.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods & Procedures</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Eighteen individuals with chronic aphasia received 15 h of Fr-PCA therapy over 5 weeks. Naming accuracy for treated and untreated words was measured before and after therapy, as well as at 3- and 6-month follow-ups. Secondary outcome measures included standardized tests measuring within-level generalization (object and action naming) and across-level generalization (repetition, verbal fluency, oral comprehension, communication effectiveness reported by a frequent communication partner).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Outcomes & Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Fr-PCA led to improved accuracy for treated (17 participants out of 18) and untreated words (9 participants out of 18), with gains maintained at 6-month follow-up (7 participants out of 10 for treated and 6 participants out of 10 for untreated), and generalization to communication effectiveness reported by a frequent communication partner (11 participants out of 16). Age, apraxia of speech severity and initial anomia severity impacted therapy gains.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions & Implications</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Though more research is needed, results suggest Fr-PCA benefits French individuals living with aphasia. Identifying individual factors influencing therapy gains could enable clinicians to improve therapy tailoring.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> WHAT THIS PAPER ADDS</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> What is already known on this subject</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <div>\u0000 <ul>\u0000 \u0000 <li>Phonological Component Analysis (PCA) improves naming of tr","PeriodicalId":49182,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Language & Communication Disorders","volume":"59 6","pages":"2239-2264"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-06-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/1460-6984.13080","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141520682","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Bárbara Costa Beber, Emily Viega Alves, Natalie Pereira, Maria Isabel d’Ávila Freitas, Marcela Lima Silagi, Márcia Lorena Fagundes Chaves, Brian Lawlor
<div> <section> <h3> Background</h3> <p>Speech and language therapists (SLTs) play an important role in assessing and rehabilitating communication disorders in people with dementia, but there is evidence to suggest that they do not receive appropriate training to provide management and support during their training.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Aim</h3> <p>To investigate the level of awareness and knowledge that practising SLTs from Brazil have about dementia and their role in the care of dementia through an online survey.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Methods & Procedures</h3> <p>An online survey tool was developed to collect information from practising Brazilian SLTs regarding their knowledge about dementia, awareness about their role in the care of people with dementia, and opinions on how SLTs may be better prepared to work in the dementia field. The survey was disseminated via social media, websites, and e-mail lists of researchers and stakeholders.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Outcomes & Results</h3> <p>A total of 227 SLTs completed the survey. Participants showed good knowledge of dementia in general, while their answers were less accurate on primary progressive aphasia. Regarding the awareness by SLTs of their role in the care of people with dementia, most agreed or strongly agreed that SLTs could help people in the diagnosis, treatment and prevention of dementia (> 80%). However, fewer participants agreed or strongly agreed that they felt confident in contributing to the treatment and diagnosis process of dementia (about 50%). To improve the training of SLTs in Brazil, most participants believed that it would be necessary to improve the teaching of dementia at the undergraduate speech and language therapy curriculum level and to develop recommendations or guidelines about speech and language therapy practice in dementia.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Conclusions & Implications</h3> <p>The results of this survey point to a need for improvement in the knowledge and confidence of Brazilian SLTs about dementia. To reach this goal, targeted training courses and applied practice opportunities should be embedded within university curricula and training programmes.</p> </section> <section> <h3> WHAT THIS PAPER ADDS</h3> <section> <h3> What is already known on the subject</h3> <div> <ul> <li>Many studies confirm the importance of spee
{"title":"Awareness and knowledge of dementia and its communication disorders amongst Brazilian speech and language therapists","authors":"Bárbara Costa Beber, Emily Viega Alves, Natalie Pereira, Maria Isabel d’Ávila Freitas, Marcela Lima Silagi, Márcia Lorena Fagundes Chaves, Brian Lawlor","doi":"10.1111/1460-6984.13079","DOIUrl":"10.1111/1460-6984.13079","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Speech and language therapists (SLTs) play an important role in assessing and rehabilitating communication disorders in people with dementia, but there is evidence to suggest that they do not receive appropriate training to provide management and support during their training.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aim</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To investigate the level of awareness and knowledge that practising SLTs from Brazil have about dementia and their role in the care of dementia through an online survey.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods & Procedures</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>An online survey tool was developed to collect information from practising Brazilian SLTs regarding their knowledge about dementia, awareness about their role in the care of people with dementia, and opinions on how SLTs may be better prepared to work in the dementia field. The survey was disseminated via social media, websites, and e-mail lists of researchers and stakeholders.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Outcomes & Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A total of 227 SLTs completed the survey. Participants showed good knowledge of dementia in general, while their answers were less accurate on primary progressive aphasia. Regarding the awareness by SLTs of their role in the care of people with dementia, most agreed or strongly agreed that SLTs could help people in the diagnosis, treatment and prevention of dementia (> 80%). However, fewer participants agreed or strongly agreed that they felt confident in contributing to the treatment and diagnosis process of dementia (about 50%). To improve the training of SLTs in Brazil, most participants believed that it would be necessary to improve the teaching of dementia at the undergraduate speech and language therapy curriculum level and to develop recommendations or guidelines about speech and language therapy practice in dementia.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions & Implications</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The results of this survey point to a need for improvement in the knowledge and confidence of Brazilian SLTs about dementia. To reach this goal, targeted training courses and applied practice opportunities should be embedded within university curricula and training programmes.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> WHAT THIS PAPER ADDS</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> What is already known on the subject</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <div>\u0000 <ul>\u0000 \u0000 <li>Many studies confirm the importance of spee","PeriodicalId":49182,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Language & Communication Disorders","volume":"59 6","pages":"2229-2238"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141428084","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
<div> <section> <h3> Background</h3> <p>SPEAK OUT! has been shown to enhance various aspects of voice such as intensity, prosody, voice quality and perception of voice. However, their impacts on expiration and communication effectiveness have not yet been evaluated. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of the Hybrid SPEAK OUT! method on aerodynamic measurements and patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) in individuals with Parkinson's disease (PD).</p> </section> <section> <h3> Methods</h3> <p>This study included 157 participants with PD who underwent an intensive 8-week multidisciplinary treatment program. The Hybrid SPEAK OUT! method consisted of three sessions per week, including two group sessions and one individual treatment session. Voice-related aerodynamic measures included maximum phonation time (MPT), vocal cord function using the S/Z ratio, and expiratory flow measures including peak expiratory flow (PEF) and peak cough flow (PCF). Two PROMs were included: the Hebrew version of the voice handicap index-10 and communication effectiveness questionnaire.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Results</h3> <p>The results of 111 participants were analysed. MPT duration increased, PEF and PCF increased, and better scores were found in PROMs.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Conclusion</h3> <p>These findings would appear to support the effectiveness of the Hybrid SPEAK OUT! methods improving function, activity and participation in individuals with PD. However, further research is needed.</p> </section> <section> <h3> WHAT THIS PAPER ADDS</h3> <section> <h3> What is already known on the subject</h3> <div> <ul> <li>Prior research has demonstrated the effectiveness of behavioral therapies, including the SPEAK OUT! program, in managing speech symptoms in individuals with Parkinson's disease (PD). These therapies have shown improvements in voice intensity, fundamental frequency, voice quality, and voice perception. However, the impact on aerodynamic measures, expiratory flow, and patient-reported outcome measures has not been extensively studied.</li> </ul> </div> </section> <section> <h3> What this paper adds to existing knowledge</h3> <div> <ul> <li>This study adds to the existing knowledge by demonstrating that a Hybrid SPEAK OUT! appr
{"title":"Hybrid SPEAK OUT! protocol improves aerodynamic measurements and PROMs in Parkinson's disease","authors":"Yarden Ashkenazi, Nava Stainer, Lyle Tadmor, Lilach Yaakov, Inbal Friedman, Roni Rips, Oshrat Sella Weiss","doi":"10.1111/1460-6984.13077","DOIUrl":"10.1111/1460-6984.13077","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>SPEAK OUT! has been shown to enhance various aspects of voice such as intensity, prosody, voice quality and perception of voice. However, their impacts on expiration and communication effectiveness have not yet been evaluated. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of the Hybrid SPEAK OUT! method on aerodynamic measurements and patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) in individuals with Parkinson's disease (PD).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study included 157 participants with PD who underwent an intensive 8-week multidisciplinary treatment program. The Hybrid SPEAK OUT! method consisted of three sessions per week, including two group sessions and one individual treatment session. Voice-related aerodynamic measures included maximum phonation time (MPT), vocal cord function using the S/Z ratio, and expiratory flow measures including peak expiratory flow (PEF) and peak cough flow (PCF). Two PROMs were included: the Hebrew version of the voice handicap index-10 and communication effectiveness questionnaire.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The results of 111 participants were analysed. MPT duration increased, PEF and PCF increased, and better scores were found in PROMs.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>These findings would appear to support the effectiveness of the Hybrid SPEAK OUT! methods improving function, activity and participation in individuals with PD. However, further research is needed.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> WHAT THIS PAPER ADDS</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> What is already known on the subject</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <div>\u0000 <ul>\u0000 \u0000 <li>Prior research has demonstrated the effectiveness of behavioral therapies, including the SPEAK OUT! program, in managing speech symptoms in individuals with Parkinson's disease (PD). These therapies have shown improvements in voice intensity, fundamental frequency, voice quality, and voice perception. However, the impact on aerodynamic measures, expiratory flow, and patient-reported outcome measures has not been extensively studied.</li>\u0000 </ul>\u0000 </div>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> What this paper adds to existing knowledge</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <div>\u0000 <ul>\u0000 \u0000 <li>This study adds to the existing knowledge by demonstrating that a Hybrid SPEAK OUT! appr","PeriodicalId":49182,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Language & Communication Disorders","volume":"59 6","pages":"2217-2228"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141421548","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
<div> <section> <h3> Background</h3> <p>People with aphasia (PWA) typically exhibit deficits in spoken discourse. Discourse analysis is the gold standard approach to assess language deficits beyond sentence level. However, the available discourse assessment tools are biased towards English and European languages and Western culture. Additionally, there is a lack of consensus on which discourse measures to use and limited evidence of the psychometric properties of published discourse measurements.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Aims</h3> <p>(1) To develop a standardized, norm-referenced, culturally and linguistically appropriate Arabic Discourse Assessment Tool (ADAT); and (2) to examine the psychometric properties of content and construct validity and interrater reliability of different discourse measures elicited using three discourse genres (descriptive, narrative and procedural) in neurotypical control adults and matched PWA.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Methods & Procedures</h3> <p>Discourse samples were collected using three novel discourse stimuli that are sensitive to the Arabic language and culture from 70 neurotypical control adults and a matched group of 50 PWA. Transcription agreement was assessed. A standard approach was used to evaluate construct validity and interrater reliability for 16 discourse measures that assess fluency, language productivity, information content, lexical–semantics, lexical diversity, grammatical category, grammatical structure and syntactic complexity. Strong measures were identified based on their psychometric properties, and normative data were established on these measures. Discourse performance of PWA was then examined using the newly developed tool (ADAT).</p> </section> <section> <h3> Outcomes & Results</h3> <p>Transcription agreement was extremely high for all discourse stimuli in both groups. Eight discourse measures were proven to have consistently very high construct validity and consistently very good to excellent reliability across the three stimuli in both neurotypical control and aphasia groups: lexical information units, content information units, words per minute, discourse duration, number of different words, number of complete sentences and proportion of open and closed class words. Norms were established on these measures, and cut-off scores of impairments were determined. Other measures showed low construct validity and variable or poor reliability across the two groups.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Conclusions &
{"title":"The development of a novel, standardized, norm-referenced Arabic Discourse Assessment Tool (ADAT), including an examination of psychometric properties of discourse measures in aphasia","authors":"Reem S. W. Alyahya","doi":"10.1111/1460-6984.13083","DOIUrl":"10.1111/1460-6984.13083","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>People with aphasia (PWA) typically exhibit deficits in spoken discourse. Discourse analysis is the gold standard approach to assess language deficits beyond sentence level. However, the available discourse assessment tools are biased towards English and European languages and Western culture. Additionally, there is a lack of consensus on which discourse measures to use and limited evidence of the psychometric properties of published discourse measurements.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aims</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>(1) To develop a standardized, norm-referenced, culturally and linguistically appropriate Arabic Discourse Assessment Tool (ADAT); and (2) to examine the psychometric properties of content and construct validity and interrater reliability of different discourse measures elicited using three discourse genres (descriptive, narrative and procedural) in neurotypical control adults and matched PWA.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods & Procedures</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Discourse samples were collected using three novel discourse stimuli that are sensitive to the Arabic language and culture from 70 neurotypical control adults and a matched group of 50 PWA. Transcription agreement was assessed. A standard approach was used to evaluate construct validity and interrater reliability for 16 discourse measures that assess fluency, language productivity, information content, lexical–semantics, lexical diversity, grammatical category, grammatical structure and syntactic complexity. Strong measures were identified based on their psychometric properties, and normative data were established on these measures. Discourse performance of PWA was then examined using the newly developed tool (ADAT).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Outcomes & Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Transcription agreement was extremely high for all discourse stimuli in both groups. Eight discourse measures were proven to have consistently very high construct validity and consistently very good to excellent reliability across the three stimuli in both neurotypical control and aphasia groups: lexical information units, content information units, words per minute, discourse duration, number of different words, number of complete sentences and proportion of open and closed class words. Norms were established on these measures, and cut-off scores of impairments were determined. Other measures showed low construct validity and variable or poor reliability across the two groups.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions &","PeriodicalId":49182,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Language & Communication Disorders","volume":"59 5","pages":"2103-2117"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/1460-6984.13083","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141421549","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Duy Duong Nguyen, Daniel Novakovic, Catherine Madill
<div> <section> <h3> Background</h3> <p>Sustained vowels are important vocal tasks that have been investigated in discriminating voice disorders using acoustic analysis. To date, no study has combined vowel acoustic measures only that evaluate major aspects of the pathological voice signals in voice disorder discrimination.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Aims</h3> <p>To investigate the value of vowel acoustic measures that quantify glottal noise, signal stability, signal periodicity, spectral slope and overall voice quality in discriminating female speakers with and without voice disorders.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Methods & Procedures</h3> <p>Sustained vowel /ɑ/ samples were extracted from 133 voice-disordered female patients and 97 non-voice disordered female speakers and were signal typed prior to analysis. <i>Praat</i> software was used to measure harmonics-to-noise ratio (HNR), glottal-to-noise excitation ratio (GNE), the standard deviation of fundamental frequency (F0SD) and cepstral peak prominence (CPPp); and the <i>Analysis of Dysphonia in Speech and Voice</i> (ADSV) program was used to measure CPPadsv, low/high spectral ratio (LH) and the cepstral/spectral index of dysphonia (CSID). Outcome measures included sensitivity, specificity, and discrimination accuracy.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Outcomes & Results</h3> <p>As individual acoustic measures, only spectral-based measures showed good (CPPadsv) and acceptable (CSID) discrimination results. The HNR, GNE and CPPp measures had acceptable sensitivity but poor or non-acceptable specificity and discrimination accuracy. Logistic regression models with all <i>Praat</i> measures (F0SD, HNR, GNE, CPPp) plus ADSV measures (CPPadsv, LH or CSID) provided excellent sensitivity, good-to-excellent specificity and excellent discrimination accuracy. ROC analysis for all individual measures showed that CPPadsv, CSID, CPPp, GNE and F0SD had the highest area under the curve (AUC) values.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Conclusions & Implications</h3> <p>A combination of acoustic measures that evaluate the major aspects of vocal dysfunction resulted in good to excellent voice discrimination outcomes. Individual acoustic measures had lower discrimination ability than combined measures. The findings implied that acoustic measures extracted from a prolonged vowel were useful in voice disorder discrimination.</p> </section> <section>
{"title":"Voice disorder discrimination using vowel acoustic measures in female speakers","authors":"Duy Duong Nguyen, Daniel Novakovic, Catherine Madill","doi":"10.1111/1460-6984.13081","DOIUrl":"10.1111/1460-6984.13081","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Sustained vowels are important vocal tasks that have been investigated in discriminating voice disorders using acoustic analysis. To date, no study has combined vowel acoustic measures only that evaluate major aspects of the pathological voice signals in voice disorder discrimination.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aims</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To investigate the value of vowel acoustic measures that quantify glottal noise, signal stability, signal periodicity, spectral slope and overall voice quality in discriminating female speakers with and without voice disorders.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods & Procedures</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Sustained vowel /ɑ/ samples were extracted from 133 voice-disordered female patients and 97 non-voice disordered female speakers and were signal typed prior to analysis. <i>Praat</i> software was used to measure harmonics-to-noise ratio (HNR), glottal-to-noise excitation ratio (GNE), the standard deviation of fundamental frequency (F0SD) and cepstral peak prominence (CPPp); and the <i>Analysis of Dysphonia in Speech and Voice</i> (ADSV) program was used to measure CPPadsv, low/high spectral ratio (LH) and the cepstral/spectral index of dysphonia (CSID). Outcome measures included sensitivity, specificity, and discrimination accuracy.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Outcomes & Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>As individual acoustic measures, only spectral-based measures showed good (CPPadsv) and acceptable (CSID) discrimination results. The HNR, GNE and CPPp measures had acceptable sensitivity but poor or non-acceptable specificity and discrimination accuracy. Logistic regression models with all <i>Praat</i> measures (F0SD, HNR, GNE, CPPp) plus ADSV measures (CPPadsv, LH or CSID) provided excellent sensitivity, good-to-excellent specificity and excellent discrimination accuracy. ROC analysis for all individual measures showed that CPPadsv, CSID, CPPp, GNE and F0SD had the highest area under the curve (AUC) values.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions & Implications</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A combination of acoustic measures that evaluate the major aspects of vocal dysfunction resulted in good to excellent voice discrimination outcomes. Individual acoustic measures had lower discrimination ability than combined measures. The findings implied that acoustic measures extracted from a prolonged vowel were useful in voice disorder discrimination.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 ","PeriodicalId":49182,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Language & Communication Disorders","volume":"59 5","pages":"2087-2102"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/1460-6984.13081","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141332263","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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